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This presentation assumes some Basic knowledge about trauma-informed care
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and you may have Received This from a prior presentation In the series or From another presentation.
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So we'll review trauma-informed care pretty quickly and then move on
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to Some specific Examples to really bring it home and apply it practically
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As you may recall, trauma-informed care represents a general Strategy for interacting with persons
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adults Or children who have experienced major trauma in their Lives
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There are several Key components to trauma-informed care
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One is safety It's incredibly Important to Establish a sense of psychological as well as physical safety
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When you're interacting with a Traumatized child
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So that they Feel Comfortable and feels They can trust You and share what's on their mind
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Transparency is the second major pillar in this really refers to Sharing information with The child
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Informing them of what you're thinking
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What you want to do, why you want to do it, what's going to happen next so that they don't feel
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the anxiety of being out of control and uncertain of what will happen next?
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Ideally, in all Circumstances where it's possible
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we'd like to get the child consent
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not only deliver the information but then get their consent to proceed
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Whenever possible
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Respect for the traumatized child is really paramount During their trauma
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they may have been consistently disrespected Dehumanized, Terrorized, And isolated
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So we need to go out of our way to show them respect
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And concentrate on their strengths and their resilience.
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And that leads to empowerment, which is another pillar of trauma-informed care
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We need to look beyond seeing traumatized Children as the victims
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They're more than victims. They're survivors
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They're very resilient. They're very strong
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And we need to empower them to realize how strong and resilient they are so they can begin to rebuild
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their sense of self-esteem and self-agency
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Probably the biggest tenant of trauma-informed care involves the idea that trauma-informed
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Providers Recognize the impact the trauma Has On a child Or an adult
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the way it changes their Views of the World themselves.
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And so that we can be understanding this we can respond appropriately and take steps
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to Minimize bating child distress And making things Difficult for them while we're interacting With them
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As you know, trauma has a profound impact on a person's Views of themselves
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as the world around them, of other people
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And this translates To Changes in their attitudes
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Their expectations of others
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The way they interpret your reactions, your words, your facial expressions, and the way they behave
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All of these things Are influenced by Prior experiences And when a child has been traumatized
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Their behaviors, attitudes, and thought may adapt to a very hostile environment and change
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in a way Way that Is helpful to them to survive In a very hostile Environment, but which may be Maladaptive
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In other environments Such as ones that are safe and Caring, for example, when working with your agency
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So a child may originally have felt strong, in control of their lives and with a lot of potential
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They may have seen the world As a very safe place and other People looking out for them
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after their significant trauma, specifically in Sexual exploitation Or trafficking
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They no longer See the world as a safe place They no longer see themselves
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as Powerful and in control Instead, they see themselves as vulnerable, weak, and Dehumanized
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With very low self-esteem They see other people as wanting to harm them
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and not wanting to help them,They want to exploit them
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So they expect From you and from Others that you will judge them
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Dehumanize them, terrorism, harm them
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And they may use that Expectation, it Will affect the way that
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their attitudes toward You and their behavior toward you
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They may be hostile to media withdrawn, They may be very wary.
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Because They've learned to adapt to a hostile world
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So the influence of trauma on a Child's Thoughts and behaviors and attitudes can be profound
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And we As specialists need to be able to understand that so that we can step back
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And say this child's behavior doesn't reflect their feelings towards me
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They're responding to their traumatic past
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And that helps us Remain nonjudgmental, open, and empathic
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Trauma-informed care is also rights-based
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Fundamental human rights reserve serve embodied and trauma-informed care
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in the way, we need to interact with exploited and trafficked children
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We've talked about the child's right to obtain information
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in a way that they can understand developmentally appropriate in their language
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They need to be given the opportunity to express their views
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and Be heard not only to listen but To have a voice themselves
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We may not be able to honor what they want, but we need to give them a voice
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And engage them Listen to what they're saying
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They have a right to privacy And confidentiality
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So that They are not questioned in front of other people who might mean them harm
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that other people don't Have access to the Information Who shouldn't have access to it
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Their right To care about them that is free of bias and Discrimination
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Is Extremely important, especially for children who have been traumatized
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Through Exploitation and trafficking Because on so many different levels, many Of these children experience bias
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And discrimination for Some of their vulnerabilities
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as well as aspects of Trafficking or exploitation That are stigmatized
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They have a right to dignity And self-respect
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and a right to have everyone respect their cultural and religious beliefs and practices
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So these theories are very important in Trauma-informed Care, Rights-based care
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They're extremely Important And you're familiar with them
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But how does it actually work? How do you Apply this theory to practice?
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And that's what I want to explain right now
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Let's start off with an example
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Let's pretend you're a law enforcement officer and you're investigating
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a Case of live stream Online child Sexual exploitation And the child involves
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a nine-year-old girl whose mother Has her perform sexual acts at the Direction of online buyers
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And this occurs in the child's home The mother has put an ad online
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and so people buy 20 minutes, and 30 minutes of online Time with this child
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And direct her To Perform Various sex acts
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You're about to interview the child
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The child has just entered your Office and has no idea why she's there
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She's nine years old . She's in a strange place, and she has no idea Why she's there or who you are
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What are the things you need to think about when you're preparing a trauma-informed Approach to this child?
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Well, you need to be thinking about how she may be feeling inside
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What would you Be feeling if you were in her place, would you be anxious?
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She's probably anxious. She's probably scared She's probably Somewhat curious But afraid
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We have to think about all that and try to allay some of those fears and allay That Anxiety
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We know that we need To establish a sense of psychological safety
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So what can we do In the environment and with our own behavior?
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and The words we say to put her at ease And make her Feel like this is a safe place?
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I can talk to you as a police officer I can tell you what's on my mind
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And this is going to require That we build rapport and trust. We can't just dive into sensitive questions
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Instead, we might want to take time to build rapport
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Ask the child about things that she likes to do And things that she likes In her life
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or Ask non-threatening questions, very open-ended so that she has a chance To realize that you care about her
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that You are listening to her, and you're paying close attention and that'll establish a sense of trust
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She needs to Have information, so you need to think about what information would Help her feel relaxed
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would lay some of that anxiety And fear
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Well, you can start by providing information about Who you are, what your role is, and Where you are
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and that You're in the police station and Why you're there
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In ways that she can understand, speaking slowly and sort of checking in to make sure that she understands
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you might explain all that to her and say, you know I've just told you a whole lot
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Do you have any questions about what I said?
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Then you need to Explain What you want to do
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I need to ask you some questions Why do you need to ask questions?
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Well, I need To ask questions to get To know something about You, to see how I can help
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That's the explanation You're giving her information now you need to get consent
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You might want to explain a little bit more about the question. Some are sensitive, some are not
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You don't have To answer the questions. You can answer the ones you want to, but you Have a choice.
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Is it okay if I ask you questions?
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So all of these
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Things tie back into The theory Of trauma-informed care, the right to consent, and the right to information.
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The safety and rapport Building, all of those things.
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This is practically how you carry that out
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Let's take Another example
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You're the law enforcement officer interviewing Samuel
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Samuel's father has sold child sexual abuse materials of Samuel on the Internet
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Police have raided the home and arrested the father and the father of Samuel's only caregiver.
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The mother and the Russell family are not in the picture.
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You know That the child will be taken to a children's shelter because that's What happens in your area and in your region
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Your country doesn't Have children's shelters for this purpose
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And you're pretty sure that Samuel's not going to be happy about doing that
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You want to Respect his right to be heard
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He doesn't know what you're thinking About all this
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And he says, well, what happens now? What are you going to say?
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Well, you might want to start by putting it back in his court and saying
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Samuel, what do you think should happen now?
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You've explained that the father is no longer in the house
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And so what Do you think should happen? And he maybe he says, I think I should go home
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I like Home I want to be home, I want to be with my father
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And then you could say, okay, tell me about that Tell me all the reasons
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Why do you want to be at home and then say, you know, and I hear what you're saying
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and I absolutely respect That, but I'm concerned
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because your father's not going to be in the home, so he's not going to be there to take care of You
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So going home is really not an option
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And then you can explain what you need To do
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And what is coming down the pike, that the children's shelter
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is probably what You're going to be doing
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And then listen to what he has to say, He may say, I want to go to the children's shelter
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And then you Say, tell me more About that
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What are your concerns? What are your fears?
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The point is you're Giving him Voice
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You can't have him go home There's nobody to take care of him at home
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But you want to hear what he wants, why he wants it, and why He objects to your Plan
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Ultimately, you're going to have To follow through With your plan
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But the information you gained by talking to him about It and his fears, his Concerns can be very helpful
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in assuring that when he does Go to a shelter, you maximize the likelihood that he has a good experience there
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Let's take another example
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Sophia has been identified by police as a victim of sexual exploitation when they conducted a raid on a nearby Hotel
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You've been called to assess and provide services
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You may be a social Worker, you may be a counselor, a victim advocate
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but you've been called to assess and serve
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While you're Preparing to Go in and talk to Sofia, you Overhear one staff member say to somebody else
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If she hadn't made such bad decisions, she wouldn't be in this situation.
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And they're referring to Sofia
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What do you do? Sophia deserves care That's free of bias and discrimination
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And that's not what's happening here This staff member Has clearly exhibited bias
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In a Very sort of hostile way that could be very detrimental to the staff Around you and Ultimately to Sophia herself
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It's really important that we Recognize Bias and Discrimination in our environment
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and take steps to address it, too
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especially In cases of human trafficking and sexual exploitation
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Trafficked persons may experience a lot of bias and discrimination on multiple Levels
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or maybe stigma related to, say prostitution
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Or because they're From a different country or the type of work that they've been forced to do
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It may be Related to Stigma and Bias, related to some of their vulnerabilities
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and the fact that they've Run away from home and are homeless now, maybe
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they're from a Specific Ethnic or Racial group that is Marginalized
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Maybe their gender identity and sexual orientation are stigmatized.
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So many people who have been trafficked Or exploited suffer bias And discrimination on multiple levels
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And we need to be very careful that We take steps
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and extra effort to deliver care that's free of bias and discrimination
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Okay.Back to Sofia
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So you've heard if you hadn't made such bad decisions, you Wouldn't be in this situation
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What would you do?
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Well, you're not going to start yelling at the person who's made this inappropriate remark
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in front of Everybody else, that's just going to lead them to be defensive
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and shut down and not listen to what you're saying And it's Basically rude
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So what you might want to do Though, is trying to address the
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The situation is a private way
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You might ask them if you can speak to them privately for a minute
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and then say something along the lines of, you know, I overheard You talking about our client, Sophia
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And it made me very uncomfortable
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I think this child needs our help and support.
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Not our blame and judgment
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We have no idea what trauma she's Experienced and how she got to this Point
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She deserves compassionate care. Just Like all our clients
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You're a great case manager who treats youth with dignity and respect.
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Can you do that for this child as well?
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