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So we're now at the stage where we can start building out our pivot table reports and the way that you
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build your rapport really depends on the type of analysis that you want to do.
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So what information are you interested in?
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Is this something that you're going to need to present to your managers or maybe key stakeholders?
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What information are they most interested in?
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Maybe they want to see a breakdown of the sales by country, or maybe the profit by country and product.
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Or maybe they want to see what the costs are broken down by month or by year.
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So it's really important to work out what exactly is that you're trying to extract from your data before
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putting your pivot table together.
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And the thing with pivot tables is that they're very easy to change.
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So if you get the analysis a bit wrong, first of all, it's very easy to remove the analysis that you've
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done and do a different one.
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So let's take a look at pivot table fields and how we can add fields to our pivot table.
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So as we mentioned at the end of the previous lesson, on the right hand side, we have a pivot table
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feels pain, and in this pain, we have all of the column headings from our source data.
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And then underneath we have these four little blank areas filters, columns, rows and values.
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And the idea with pivot tables is that you take one or more of these fields drag and drop them down
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into these different areas to build your report.
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So let's start out with something really simple.
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I'm going to grab the country failed and I'm going to drag and drop this down into the rose area.
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Now, when I let go, take a look at what happens.
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Notice now that I have all of those countries, a unique list of the countries in the rows.
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If I was to put this country filled in the columns area instead, well, like that I'm going to get
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my countries running across in the columns.
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Now I'm going to put this back into rows, so maybe I want to see a breakdown of the gross sales by
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country.
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Well, all I need to do is grab the gross sales field and drop that into the values area.
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And now I can see that breakdown.
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So simple, so quick.
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What about if I decide?
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Actually, you know what?
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I don't want to see the gross sales by country.
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I want to see the profit by country instead.
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Well, we can remove the sum of gross sales by simply clicking on it and dragging it outside of that
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pivot table fields area.
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I can then grab profit and drop that down into values instead.
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Now, notice here that we don't really have any formatting.
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Apply to these numbers.
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We are going to deal with that a bit later on at the moment.
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I just want you to understand the concept of adding fields and pivoting them.
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Also notice that when I dragged profit into values, it automatically did a some aggregation.
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And again, this is something you can change.
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If you wanted to do a count or an average or a men or a max, you could do that instead of some.
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And in general, depending on what field you've dragged into, the values area Excel will aggregate
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in the way it sees best for the data that you've tracked.
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So sometimes that will be account.
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Sometimes that will be a sum because we've got currency values here, monetary values, it's doing a
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some of the profit.
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So now we have the sum of profit by country.
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What about if I want to add in a third dimension?
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Well, what I could do here is maybe grab the product field and drag that down into columns.
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So now I'm seeing the products listed across the top, the countries, and then I've got the grand total
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for both the products and the countries.
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Now this grand total has been assigned automatically.
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Again, this is something you can turn off if you don't need the grand total now, you don't necessarily
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just have to have one field per area down here.
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You can stack multiple fields in one area to get a completely different layout.
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For example, I could grab product from columns and drop it above country in rows and take a look at
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how that changes my layout.
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I now have the product at the top and then all of the countries with the sum of profit.
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If I grab country and move that above product, it switches it around.
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So now I'm summarizing by country and then by product, I could see both the sum of profit and the gross
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sales if I wanted to, so I could just grab gross sales and drag that into values as well.
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And I'm going to get another column.
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And the final area that we haven't really looked at here is this filter's area.
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So maybe I want to be able to filter all of this information by year.
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So I'm going to grab here and drop that into filters, and that means I get this little filter drop
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down at the top and I can select which ever year I'm interested in and all of the data will up to.
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So that is basically how a pivot table works.
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It is very straightforward.
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But for some reason, there seems to be this idea out there that pivot tables are quite difficult.
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But when you break it down in this way, it does make a lot of sense.
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It's really logical.
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And as I said, if you make a mistake, it's not a problem.
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You can simply drag any of these fields out of the fields area and redo your analysis.
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