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Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:02:25,985 --> 00:02:27,611 McNAIR: Mr. Adams! 2 00:02:29,405 --> 00:02:30,740 Mr. Adams! 3 00:02:32,074 --> 00:02:33,409 Mr. Adams! 4 00:02:34,910 --> 00:02:36,245 There you are. 5 00:02:36,329 --> 00:02:39,123 Didn't you hear me call you, Mr. Adams? 6 00:02:39,206 --> 00:02:43,669 You could've shouted down something, saved me climbing up four flights. 7 00:02:43,753 --> 00:02:47,298 A man that likes to talk as much as you do, I'd think... 8 00:02:48,799 --> 00:02:52,053 What do you keep coming up here for, Mr. Adams? 9 00:02:52,136 --> 00:02:54,930 Afraid someone's going to steal our bell? (CHUCKLES) 10 00:02:55,598 --> 00:02:57,350 Well, don't worry. 11 00:02:57,433 --> 00:03:01,812 Been here more than 14 years, and ain't been carried off once. (LAUGHS) 12 00:03:04,732 --> 00:03:07,860 Better get yourself back down to Congress, Mr. Adams. 13 00:03:07,943 --> 00:03:10,029 Getting ready to vote, and they said 14 00:03:10,112 --> 00:03:11,864 they couldn't settle such an important question 15 00:03:11,947 --> 00:03:14,408 without Massachusetts being there. 16 00:03:15,910 --> 00:03:17,870 I can just imagine. 17 00:03:22,625 --> 00:03:27,213 All right, what burning issue are we voting on this time? 18 00:03:27,296 --> 00:03:31,217 On whether or not to grant General Washington's request 19 00:03:31,300 --> 00:03:34,678 that all members of the Rhode Island Militia be required 20 00:03:34,762 --> 00:03:36,806 to wear matching uniforms. 21 00:03:38,265 --> 00:03:39,975 Oh, good God. 22 00:04:17,346 --> 00:04:19,098 I have come to the conclusion 23 00:04:19,181 --> 00:04:23,436 that one useless man is called a disgrace, 24 00:04:24,270 --> 00:04:27,731 that two are called a law firm, 25 00:04:28,190 --> 00:04:32,570 and that three or more become a Congress. 26 00:04:32,653 --> 00:04:36,282 And, by God, I have had this Congress. 27 00:04:36,365 --> 00:04:39,160 For 10 years, King George and his parliament 28 00:04:39,243 --> 00:04:43,664 have gulled, cullied and diddled these colonies with their illegal taxes. 29 00:04:43,747 --> 00:04:47,751 Stamp Acts, Townshend Acts, Sugar Acts, Tea Acts. 30 00:04:48,544 --> 00:04:50,546 And when we dared stand up like men, 31 00:04:50,629 --> 00:04:53,757 they have stopped our trade, seized our ships, 32 00:04:53,883 --> 00:04:56,677 blockaded our ports, burned our towns, 33 00:04:56,760 --> 00:04:59,388 and spilled our blood. 34 00:04:59,472 --> 00:05:01,474 And still this Congress refuses to grant 35 00:05:01,557 --> 00:05:04,810 any of my proposals on independence 36 00:05:04,894 --> 00:05:08,189 even so much as the courtesy of open debate. 37 00:05:08,272 --> 00:05:11,317 Good God, what in the hell are you waiting for? 38 00:05:12,151 --> 00:05:15,488 ♪ Sit down, John Sit down, John 39 00:05:15,571 --> 00:05:17,323 Thomas, for God's sake, listen to me. 40 00:05:17,406 --> 00:05:19,116 ♪ For God's sake John, sit down 41 00:05:19,200 --> 00:05:21,160 I've had enough of you, sir. 42 00:05:21,243 --> 00:05:22,786 ♪ Sit down, John Sit down, John 43 00:05:22,870 --> 00:05:25,498 ♪ For God's sake, John, sit down 44 00:05:25,581 --> 00:05:27,166 ♪ Someone ought to open up a window 45 00:05:27,249 --> 00:05:29,001 Will you listen to me and forget the window? 46 00:05:29,084 --> 00:05:30,252 ♪ It's 90 degrees 47 00:05:30,336 --> 00:05:32,129 ♪ Have mercy, John, please 48 00:05:32,213 --> 00:05:34,507 ♪ It's hot as hell in Philadelphia 49 00:05:34,590 --> 00:05:37,092 ♪ Someone ought to open up a window 50 00:05:37,176 --> 00:05:39,678 ♪ I say vote yes 51 00:05:39,762 --> 00:05:41,555 ♪ Vote yes 52 00:05:41,639 --> 00:05:43,849 ♪ Vote for independency 53 00:05:43,933 --> 00:05:46,519 ♪ Someone ought to open up a window 54 00:05:46,602 --> 00:05:48,771 ♪ I say vote yes 55 00:05:48,854 --> 00:05:50,773 ♪ Sit down, John 56 00:05:50,856 --> 00:05:52,858 ♪ Vote for independency 57 00:05:52,942 --> 00:05:55,319 ♪ Someone ought to open up a window 58 00:05:55,402 --> 00:05:56,403 ♪ No, no, no! 59 00:05:56,487 --> 00:05:59,782 ♪ Too many flies, too many flies 60 00:05:59,865 --> 00:06:02,535 ♪ But it's hot as hell in Philadelphia 61 00:06:02,618 --> 00:06:04,662 ♪ Are you gonna open up a window? 62 00:06:04,745 --> 00:06:06,705 ♪ Can't we compromise here? 63 00:06:06,789 --> 00:06:08,123 ♪ Vote yes 64 00:06:08,207 --> 00:06:10,376 ♪ No, too many flies here 65 00:06:10,459 --> 00:06:11,877 ♪ Vote yes 66 00:06:11,961 --> 00:06:14,672 ♪ Oh, for God's sake, John, sit down ♪ 67 00:06:14,755 --> 00:06:17,341 Good God. Consider yourselves fortunate 68 00:06:17,424 --> 00:06:19,426 that you have John Adams to abuse, 69 00:06:19,510 --> 00:06:21,679 for no sane man would tolerate it. 70 00:06:21,762 --> 00:06:23,222 ♪ John, you're a bore 71 00:06:23,305 --> 00:06:25,182 ♪ We've heard this before 72 00:06:25,266 --> 00:06:27,643 ♪ Now, for God's sake, John, sit down 73 00:06:27,726 --> 00:06:30,020 ♪ I say vote yes ♪ No! 74 00:06:30,104 --> 00:06:31,814 ♪ Vote yes ♪ No! 75 00:06:31,897 --> 00:06:34,066 ♪ Vote for independency 76 00:06:34,149 --> 00:06:36,151 ♪ Someone ought to open up a window 77 00:06:36,819 --> 00:06:38,904 ♪ I say vote yes 78 00:06:38,988 --> 00:06:41,240 ♪ Sit down, John 79 00:06:41,323 --> 00:06:44,034 ♪ Vote for independency 80 00:06:44,118 --> 00:06:46,245 ♪ Will someone shut that man up? ♪ 81 00:06:46,328 --> 00:06:47,955 Never! 82 00:06:48,998 --> 00:06:50,624 Never! 83 00:06:55,504 --> 00:06:56,797 Dear God. 84 00:06:58,007 --> 00:07:01,010 For one solid year they have been sitting here. 85 00:07:01,093 --> 00:07:02,386 A whole year! 86 00:07:02,469 --> 00:07:03,971 Doing nothing! 87 00:07:04,888 --> 00:07:09,435 ♪ I do believe you've laid a curse on North America 88 00:07:10,811 --> 00:07:15,441 ♪ A curse that we here now rehearse in Philadelphia 89 00:07:16,400 --> 00:07:18,610 ♪ A second flood, a simple famine 90 00:07:18,694 --> 00:07:20,654 ♪ Plagues of locusts everywhere 91 00:07:20,738 --> 00:07:22,614 ♪ Or a cataclysmic earthquake 92 00:07:22,698 --> 00:07:24,616 ♪ I'd accept with some despair 93 00:07:24,700 --> 00:07:28,329 ♪ But, no, you've sent us Congress 94 00:07:28,412 --> 00:07:32,708 ♪ Good God, sir, was that fair? 95 00:07:34,209 --> 00:07:37,129 ♪ You see, we piddle, twiddle and resolve 96 00:07:37,212 --> 00:07:39,048 ♪ Not one damn thing do we solve 97 00:07:39,131 --> 00:07:41,216 ♪ Piddle, twiddle and resolve 98 00:07:41,300 --> 00:07:43,052 ♪ Nothing's ever solved 99 00:07:43,135 --> 00:07:46,847 ♪ In foul, fetid, fuming, foggy, filthy 100 00:07:46,930 --> 00:07:49,183 ♪ Philadelphia 101 00:07:49,266 --> 00:07:53,020 ♪ Someone ought to open up a window ♪ 102 00:07:53,103 --> 00:07:54,563 Oh, good God. 103 00:07:54,646 --> 00:07:56,482 WOMAN: ♪ John, John 104 00:07:56,565 --> 00:08:00,944 ♪ Is that you carrying on, John? ♪ 105 00:08:01,862 --> 00:08:06,325 Oh, Abigail, Abigail, I have such a desire to knock heads together. 106 00:08:06,408 --> 00:08:08,952 ABIGAIL: Then why in heaven's name do you stay there? 107 00:08:09,036 --> 00:08:12,122 Come home to Boston, John. It's only 300 miles. 108 00:08:12,206 --> 00:08:14,792 If you left tonight, you could be here in only eight days. 109 00:08:14,875 --> 00:08:17,169 How can I do that, Abigail? 110 00:08:17,252 --> 00:08:20,756 I'm no further along now than I was when I first came here. 111 00:08:20,839 --> 00:08:22,800 I know, my dearest. I know. 112 00:08:22,883 --> 00:08:25,844 But that's because you make everything so complicated. 113 00:08:25,928 --> 00:08:27,763 It's all quite simple, really. 114 00:08:28,097 --> 00:08:31,058 ♪ Just tell the Congress to declare 115 00:08:31,141 --> 00:08:34,436 ♪ Independency 116 00:08:34,520 --> 00:08:36,688 ♪ Then sign your name get out of there 117 00:08:36,772 --> 00:08:40,359 ♪ And hurry home to me 118 00:08:40,442 --> 00:08:43,112 ♪ Our children all have dysentery 119 00:08:43,195 --> 00:08:45,322 ♪ Little Tom keeps turning blue 120 00:08:45,406 --> 00:08:47,324 ♪ Little Abby has the measles 121 00:08:47,408 --> 00:08:49,660 ♪ And I'm coming down with flu 122 00:08:49,743 --> 00:08:52,746 ♪ They say we may get smallpox ♪ 123 00:08:52,830 --> 00:08:55,457 Madam, what else is new? 124 00:08:58,919 --> 00:09:00,712 Abigail, in my last letter, I wrote you 125 00:09:00,796 --> 00:09:04,049 that the king had collected 12,000 German mercenaries 126 00:09:04,133 --> 00:09:05,467 to send against us. 127 00:09:05,551 --> 00:09:07,553 I asked you to organize the ladies 128 00:09:07,636 --> 00:09:10,055 to make saltpeter for gunpowder. 129 00:09:10,472 --> 00:09:11,807 Now, have you done as I asked? 130 00:09:11,890 --> 00:09:13,058 No, John, I have not. 131 00:09:13,142 --> 00:09:14,726 Well, why have you not? 132 00:09:14,810 --> 00:09:17,980 Because you neglected to tell us how saltpeter is made. 133 00:09:18,522 --> 00:09:22,025 By treating sodium nitrate with potassium chloride, of course. 134 00:09:22,109 --> 00:09:23,444 Oh, yes, of course. 135 00:09:23,527 --> 00:09:24,653 Will it be done, then? 136 00:09:24,987 --> 00:09:27,489 John, I'm afraid we have a more urgent problem. 137 00:09:27,573 --> 00:09:29,241 More urgent, madam? 138 00:09:29,616 --> 00:09:33,871 ♪ There's one thing every woman's missed in Massachusetts Bay 139 00:09:35,998 --> 00:09:38,375 ♪ Don't smirk at me, you egotist 140 00:09:38,500 --> 00:09:42,254 ♪ Pay heed to what I say 141 00:09:42,337 --> 00:09:44,715 ♪ We've gone from Framingham to Boston 142 00:09:44,798 --> 00:09:46,675 ♪ And we cannot find a pin 143 00:09:47,342 --> 00:09:49,136 ♪ "Don't you know there's a war on" 144 00:09:49,219 --> 00:09:51,263 ♪ Say the tradesmen with a grin 145 00:09:51,346 --> 00:09:55,934 ♪ Well, we will not make saltpeter 146 00:09:56,018 --> 00:10:00,189 ♪ Until you send us pins ♪ 147 00:10:00,314 --> 00:10:02,441 Pins, madam? Saltpeter. 148 00:10:02,524 --> 00:10:03,484 Pins. 149 00:10:03,567 --> 00:10:04,568 Saltpeter. 150 00:10:04,651 --> 00:10:05,903 Pins. 151 00:10:05,986 --> 00:10:07,112 Saltpeter. Pins. 152 00:10:07,196 --> 00:10:08,155 Saltpeter. Pins. 153 00:10:08,238 --> 00:10:09,281 'Peter. Pins. 154 00:10:09,364 --> 00:10:10,741 'Peter. 'Peter. Pins. Pins. 155 00:10:10,824 --> 00:10:12,034 'Peter! 156 00:10:13,076 --> 00:10:14,203 Pins. 157 00:10:15,913 --> 00:10:17,956 Done, madam, done. 158 00:10:18,040 --> 00:10:19,416 Done, John. 159 00:10:20,626 --> 00:10:22,920 Hurry home, John. 160 00:10:23,003 --> 00:10:24,171 As soon as I'm able. 161 00:10:24,254 --> 00:10:26,131 Don't stop writing. It's all I have. 162 00:10:26,215 --> 00:10:28,383 Every day, my dearest friend. 163 00:10:31,762 --> 00:10:34,014 ♪ Till then 164 00:10:34,097 --> 00:10:36,725 ♪ Till then ♪ Till then 165 00:10:36,808 --> 00:10:39,978 ♪ I am ♪ I am 166 00:10:40,062 --> 00:10:43,482 ♪ As I ever was ♪ As I ever was 167 00:10:43,565 --> 00:10:48,195 ♪ And ever shall be ♪ And ever shall be 168 00:10:48,278 --> 00:10:50,531 ♪ Yours ♪ Yours 169 00:10:50,614 --> 00:10:52,574 ♪ Yours ♪ Yours 170 00:10:52,658 --> 00:10:55,035 ♪ Yours ♪ Yours 171 00:10:55,118 --> 00:10:57,120 ♪ Yours ♪ Yours 172 00:10:57,663 --> 00:11:00,832 ♪ Yours ♪ Yours 173 00:11:00,916 --> 00:11:03,418 ♪ Saltpeter 174 00:11:04,253 --> 00:11:07,089 ♪ John 175 00:11:07,798 --> 00:11:11,009 ♪ Pins 176 00:11:11,093 --> 00:11:13,845 ♪ Abigail 177 00:11:16,098 --> 00:11:18,600 MEN: ♪ For God's sake, John 178 00:11:18,684 --> 00:11:21,436 ♪ Sit down ♪ 179 00:11:35,284 --> 00:11:36,868 JOHN: Franklin! 180 00:11:39,121 --> 00:11:40,414 Franklin! 181 00:11:42,291 --> 00:11:44,126 Where in hell are you? 182 00:11:45,419 --> 00:11:46,795 Franklin! 183 00:11:46,878 --> 00:11:49,298 I see you hiding behind that tree. 184 00:11:50,007 --> 00:11:51,341 It won't do you any good. 185 00:11:52,551 --> 00:11:55,387 Damn it, this is no time for playing games. 186 00:11:57,097 --> 00:12:00,434 Franklin, I have been looking everywhere for you. 187 00:12:00,517 --> 00:12:02,811 Where in God's name have you been? 188 00:12:02,894 --> 00:12:05,856 Right here, John, being preserved for posterity. 189 00:12:05,939 --> 00:12:07,482 Do you like it? 190 00:12:11,445 --> 00:12:12,863 It stinks. 191 00:12:12,946 --> 00:12:14,531 As ever, the soul of tact. 192 00:12:14,615 --> 00:12:16,116 Well, the man's no Botticelli. 193 00:12:16,199 --> 00:12:18,076 And the subject's no Venus. 194 00:12:18,160 --> 00:12:21,038 Franklin, where were you last night when I needed you? 195 00:12:21,121 --> 00:12:22,914 You should have heard what I suffered in there. 196 00:12:22,998 --> 00:12:26,418 I heard, all right. Along with the rest of Philadelphia. 197 00:12:26,501 --> 00:12:28,253 Lord, your voice is piercing, John. 198 00:12:28,337 --> 00:12:31,131 Well, I wish to heaven my arguments were. 199 00:12:31,673 --> 00:12:34,760 My God, Franklin, when are they going to make up their minds? 200 00:12:34,843 --> 00:12:36,928 With one hand they can raise an army, 201 00:12:37,012 --> 00:12:38,597 dispatch one of their own to lead it, 202 00:12:38,680 --> 00:12:40,932 and cheer the news from Bunker's Hill. 203 00:12:41,016 --> 00:12:43,769 And with the other, they wave the olive branch, 204 00:12:43,852 --> 00:12:46,897 begging the king for a happy and permanent reconciliation. 205 00:12:46,980 --> 00:12:49,566 Fat George has declared us in rebellion. 206 00:12:49,650 --> 00:12:51,234 Why in bloody hell can't they? 207 00:12:51,318 --> 00:12:54,863 John, really? You talk as if independence were the rule. 208 00:12:54,946 --> 00:12:56,782 It's never been done before. 209 00:12:56,865 --> 00:12:59,785 No colony has ever broken from the parent stem in the history of the world. 210 00:12:59,868 --> 00:13:02,954 Damn it, Franklin, you make us sound treasonous. 211 00:13:03,038 --> 00:13:04,623 Do I? 212 00:13:04,706 --> 00:13:06,083 Treason, eh? 213 00:13:07,042 --> 00:13:09,503 Treason is a charge invented by winners 214 00:13:09,586 --> 00:13:11,463 as an excuse for hanging the losers. 215 00:13:11,880 --> 00:13:13,298 I have more to do than stand here, 216 00:13:13,382 --> 00:13:14,925 listening to you quote yourself. 217 00:13:15,050 --> 00:13:17,177 No, that was a new one. 218 00:13:17,260 --> 00:13:19,471 Damn it, Franklin, we're at war. 219 00:13:19,554 --> 00:13:21,473 To defend ourselves, nothing more. 220 00:13:21,556 --> 00:13:24,184 We expressed our displeasure, the English moved against us, 221 00:13:24,267 --> 00:13:25,727 and we in turn have resisted. 222 00:13:25,811 --> 00:13:28,230 Now our fellow congressmen want to effect a reconciliation 223 00:13:28,313 --> 00:13:29,481 before it becomes a war. 224 00:13:29,564 --> 00:13:31,233 Reconciliation, my ass. 225 00:13:31,316 --> 00:13:33,318 The people want independence. 226 00:13:33,402 --> 00:13:35,362 The people have read Mr. Paine's Common Sense. 227 00:13:35,445 --> 00:13:37,739 I doubt very much Congress has. 228 00:13:38,198 --> 00:13:39,408 That's true. 229 00:13:39,491 --> 00:13:41,284 John, why don't you give it up? 230 00:13:41,368 --> 00:13:43,829 Nobody listens to you. You're obnoxious and disliked. 231 00:13:45,247 --> 00:13:48,667 I'm not promoting John Adams. I'm promoting independence. 232 00:13:48,750 --> 00:13:50,961 Evidently, they cannot help connecting the two. 233 00:13:51,586 --> 00:13:53,422 Even your own cousin. 234 00:13:53,505 --> 00:13:56,758 And if Sam Adams can't put up with you, nobody can. 235 00:13:57,300 --> 00:13:59,428 You're getting at something. 236 00:14:00,554 --> 00:14:02,389 How can you tell? 237 00:14:02,472 --> 00:14:03,682 All right, out with it, Franklin. 238 00:14:03,765 --> 00:14:06,268 What new intrigue are you cooking up? 239 00:14:06,935 --> 00:14:09,771 Let someone else in Congress propose. 240 00:14:10,647 --> 00:14:11,815 Never! 241 00:14:13,275 --> 00:14:14,609 (SIGHS) 242 00:14:19,656 --> 00:14:21,950 Why? Who did you have in mind? 243 00:14:22,033 --> 00:14:24,244 I don't know. I really haven't given it much thought. 244 00:14:26,788 --> 00:14:28,498 You sent for me, Benjamin? 245 00:14:29,332 --> 00:14:30,375 Never. 246 00:14:30,459 --> 00:14:33,628 Hello, Johnny! Richard. 247 00:14:33,712 --> 00:14:36,131 Uh, Johnny and I need some advice. 248 00:14:36,631 --> 00:14:38,633 If it's mine to give, it's yours, you know that. 249 00:14:38,717 --> 00:14:39,968 Thank you, Richard. 250 00:14:40,051 --> 00:14:41,636 As you know, the cause that we support 251 00:14:41,720 --> 00:14:43,555 has come to a complete standstill. 252 00:14:43,638 --> 00:14:45,515 Now why do you suppose that is? Simple. 253 00:14:45,640 --> 00:14:48,143 Johnny here is obnoxious and disliked. That's true. 254 00:14:48,226 --> 00:14:50,729 Now, what's the solution, I wonder? 255 00:14:52,481 --> 00:14:54,983 Get somebody else in Congress to propose. 256 00:14:55,066 --> 00:14:56,693 Oh, Richard, that's brilliant. 257 00:14:56,777 --> 00:14:58,695 Wasn't that brilliant, John? Brilliant. 258 00:14:58,779 --> 00:15:00,989 Yes. Now the question remains, who can it be? 259 00:15:01,072 --> 00:15:03,366 The man that we need must belong to a delegation 260 00:15:03,450 --> 00:15:05,327 publicly committed to support independence. 261 00:15:05,410 --> 00:15:07,078 And at the present time, only Massachusetts, 262 00:15:07,162 --> 00:15:08,830 New Hampshire and Delaware have declared our way. 263 00:15:08,914 --> 00:15:11,291 And Virginia. Don't forget Virginia, Benjy. 264 00:15:11,374 --> 00:15:13,001 Oh, Richard, I haven't. How could I? 265 00:15:13,084 --> 00:15:14,336 But strictly speaking, 266 00:15:14,419 --> 00:15:16,254 while Virginia's views on independence are well known, 267 00:15:16,338 --> 00:15:17,589 your legislature in Williamsburg 268 00:15:17,672 --> 00:15:19,382 has never formally authorized 269 00:15:19,466 --> 00:15:22,260 its delegation here in Congress to support the cause. 270 00:15:22,385 --> 00:15:24,346 Now, if we could think of a Virginian 271 00:15:24,429 --> 00:15:26,056 with enough influence to go down there 272 00:15:26,139 --> 00:15:27,766 and persuade the House of Burgesses... 273 00:15:27,849 --> 00:15:30,852 Damn me if I haven't thought of someone! 274 00:15:30,936 --> 00:15:32,062 Who? Who? 275 00:15:32,145 --> 00:15:33,146 Me. 276 00:15:33,230 --> 00:15:34,773 Oh, why didn't I think of that? 277 00:15:34,856 --> 00:15:36,399 I'll leave tonight. 278 00:15:36,483 --> 00:15:39,027 Why, hell, I'll leave right now, if you like. 279 00:15:39,236 --> 00:15:42,113 I'll just stop off in Stratford long enough to refresh the missus, 280 00:15:42,197 --> 00:15:44,658 and then straight to the matter. 281 00:15:44,741 --> 00:15:47,619 Yes, sir. I really have to compliment you on your judgment, Johnny. 282 00:15:47,702 --> 00:15:49,120 Whoa, boy. Steady. 283 00:15:49,204 --> 00:15:51,998 You've come to the one colony that can get the job done. 284 00:15:52,082 --> 00:15:55,293 Virginia, the land that gave us our glorious Commander in Chief, 285 00:15:56,336 --> 00:15:57,504 George Washington, 286 00:15:57,587 --> 00:16:00,924 will now give the continent its proposal on independence. 287 00:16:01,007 --> 00:16:04,135 And when Virginia proposes, the South is bound to follow. 288 00:16:04,219 --> 00:16:07,639 And where the South goes, the middle colonies go. 289 00:16:07,722 --> 00:16:09,766 Gentlemen, a salute. 290 00:16:09,850 --> 00:16:13,520 To Virginia, the mother of American independence. 291 00:16:13,603 --> 00:16:16,898 Incredible. We're free, and he hasn't even left yet. 292 00:16:16,982 --> 00:16:19,568 What makes you so sure you can do it? 293 00:16:20,777 --> 00:16:22,904 ♪ My name is Richard Henry Lee 294 00:16:22,988 --> 00:16:24,823 ♪ Virginia is my home 295 00:16:24,906 --> 00:16:27,117 ♪ My name is Richard Henry Lee 296 00:16:27,200 --> 00:16:30,245 ♪ Virginia is my home 297 00:16:30,328 --> 00:16:32,831 ♪ And may my horses turn to glue 298 00:16:32,914 --> 00:16:34,749 ♪ If I can't deliver up to you 299 00:16:34,833 --> 00:16:38,920 ♪ A resolution on independency 300 00:16:39,004 --> 00:16:41,464 ♪ For I am FFV 301 00:16:41,548 --> 00:16:43,174 ♪ The first family 302 00:16:43,258 --> 00:16:47,262 ♪ In the sovereign colony of Virginia 303 00:16:47,345 --> 00:16:49,723 ♪ Yes, the FFV 304 00:16:49,806 --> 00:16:51,600 ♪ The oldest family 305 00:16:51,683 --> 00:16:55,645 ♪ In the oldest colony in America 306 00:16:55,729 --> 00:16:57,939 ♪ And may the British burn my land 307 00:16:58,023 --> 00:16:59,983 ♪ If I can't deliver to your hand 308 00:17:00,066 --> 00:17:03,486 ♪ A resolution on independency 309 00:17:03,570 --> 00:17:06,531 ♪ You see, it's here a Lee, there a Lee 310 00:17:06,615 --> 00:17:08,366 ♪ And everywhere a Lee, a Lee 311 00:17:08,450 --> 00:17:09,534 ♪ Social... ♪ Lee 312 00:17:09,618 --> 00:17:10,660 ♪ Political... ♪ Lee 313 00:17:10,744 --> 00:17:11,703 ♪ Financial... ♪ Lee 314 00:17:11,786 --> 00:17:12,787 ♪ Natural... ♪ Lee 315 00:17:12,871 --> 00:17:13,872 ♪ Internal... ♪ Lee! 316 00:17:13,955 --> 00:17:14,915 ♪ External... ♪ Lee! 317 00:17:14,998 --> 00:17:15,999 ♪ Fraternal... ♪ Lee! 318 00:17:16,082 --> 00:17:17,042 ♪ Eternal... ♪ Lee! 319 00:17:17,125 --> 00:17:18,919 ♪ The FFV ♪ The FFV 320 00:17:19,002 --> 00:17:20,712 ♪ The first family ♪ The first family 321 00:17:20,795 --> 00:17:22,756 ♪ In the sovereign colony of Virginia 322 00:17:22,839 --> 00:17:24,716 ♪ In the sovereign colony of Virginia 323 00:17:24,799 --> 00:17:27,052 ♪ And may my wife refuse my bed 324 00:17:27,135 --> 00:17:29,012 ♪ If I can't deliver as I said 325 00:17:29,095 --> 00:17:32,974 ♪ A resolution on independency 326 00:17:33,058 --> 00:17:35,810 Spoken modest-Lee. God help us. 327 00:17:35,894 --> 00:17:37,771 He will, John. He will. 328 00:17:37,854 --> 00:17:41,274 ♪ They say that God in heaven is everybody's God 329 00:17:41,358 --> 00:17:42,400 Amen! 330 00:17:42,484 --> 00:17:47,656 ♪ I'll admit that God in heaven is everybody's God 331 00:17:47,739 --> 00:17:50,241 ♪ But I tell you, John, with pride 332 00:17:50,325 --> 00:17:53,411 ♪ God leans a little on the side of the Lees 333 00:17:53,495 --> 00:17:56,081 ♪ The Lees of old Virginia 334 00:17:56,164 --> 00:17:58,500 ♪ You see, it's here a Lee, there a Lee 335 00:17:58,583 --> 00:18:00,877 ♪ And everywhere a Lee, a Lee 336 00:18:00,961 --> 00:18:02,712 ♪ Here a Lee, there a Lee 337 00:18:02,796 --> 00:18:04,255 ♪ And everywhere a Lee 338 00:18:04,339 --> 00:18:07,217 ♪ Look out! There's Arthur Lee, Bobby Lee 339 00:18:07,300 --> 00:18:09,344 ♪ General Light-horse Harry Lee 340 00:18:09,427 --> 00:18:11,096 ♪ Willie Lee, Jesse Lee 341 00:18:11,179 --> 00:18:13,014 ♪ And Richard H ♪ That's me! 342 00:18:13,515 --> 00:18:16,851 ♪ And may my blood stop running blue 343 00:18:16,935 --> 00:18:18,687 ♪ If I can't deliver up to you 344 00:18:18,770 --> 00:18:22,273 ♪ The resolution on independency 345 00:18:22,357 --> 00:18:25,568 ♪ Yes, sir, my God, it's here a Lee, there a Lee 346 00:18:25,694 --> 00:18:27,612 ♪ Come on, boys, join in with me! 347 00:18:27,696 --> 00:18:29,447 ♪ Here a Lee, there a Lee ♪ Here a Lee, there a Lee 348 00:18:29,531 --> 00:18:30,532 ♪ When do you leave? 349 00:18:30,615 --> 00:18:31,658 ♪ Immediate-Lee! 350 00:18:31,741 --> 00:18:33,618 ♪ Here a Lee, there a Lee ♪ Here a Lee, there a Lee 351 00:18:33,702 --> 00:18:34,786 ♪ When will you return? 352 00:18:34,869 --> 00:18:35,912 ♪ Short-Lee! 353 00:18:35,996 --> 00:18:37,747 ♪ Here a Lee, there a Lee ♪ Here a Lee, there a Lee 354 00:18:37,831 --> 00:18:39,833 ♪ And I'll come back triumphant-Lee! 355 00:18:39,916 --> 00:18:42,127 ♪ Here a Lee, there a Lee 356 00:18:42,210 --> 00:18:44,045 ♪ Everywhere a Lee, a Lee 357 00:18:44,129 --> 00:18:45,964 ♪ Forward 358 00:18:46,047 --> 00:18:51,886 ♪ Ho ♪ 359 00:19:23,334 --> 00:19:24,711 Uh, excuse me. 360 00:19:24,794 --> 00:19:26,004 Yes? 361 00:19:26,087 --> 00:19:29,841 I'm Dr. Lyman Hall, the new delegate from Georgia. 362 00:19:29,924 --> 00:19:33,303 I'm Andrew McNair, congressional custodian. 363 00:19:33,386 --> 00:19:36,264 If you'll be wanting anything at all, just holler out "McNair" 364 00:19:36,347 --> 00:19:39,934 as all the others do and there won't be too long to wait. 365 00:19:41,102 --> 00:19:43,188 Where does the Georgia delegation belong? 366 00:19:43,271 --> 00:19:47,358 Oh, they mill about over there in that corner, near the two Carolinas. 367 00:19:47,692 --> 00:19:49,068 (SNAPPING FINGERS) 368 00:19:53,114 --> 00:19:55,283 It's after 10:00. 369 00:19:55,366 --> 00:19:57,410 I was told Congress convenes at 10:00. 370 00:19:57,494 --> 00:20:00,288 Well, they'll be wandering in any time now, sir, 371 00:20:00,371 --> 00:20:01,623 with Old Grape and Guts 372 00:20:01,706 --> 00:20:03,541 leading the pack. Old who? 373 00:20:03,625 --> 00:20:05,001 HOPKINS: McNair! 374 00:20:05,084 --> 00:20:06,377 Grape and Guts. 375 00:20:06,961 --> 00:20:08,129 'Nair! 376 00:20:09,255 --> 00:20:10,757 Fetch me a rum. 377 00:20:10,840 --> 00:20:14,928 Mr. Hopkins, you'll be pleased to meet Dr. Lyman Hall. 378 00:20:16,304 --> 00:20:18,181 I don't need a doctor, damn it. 379 00:20:18,264 --> 00:20:20,517 New delegate from Georgia. 380 00:20:20,600 --> 00:20:22,727 Well, why didn't you say so? 381 00:20:23,478 --> 00:20:27,398 I'm Stephen Hopkins, old delegate from Rhode Island. 382 00:20:27,482 --> 00:20:29,025 McNair, fetch two rums. 383 00:20:29,108 --> 00:20:31,736 Oh, I fear it's a little early in the day. 384 00:20:33,863 --> 00:20:35,448 Nonsense. 385 00:20:35,532 --> 00:20:38,660 It's a medicinal fact that rum gets a man's heart started 386 00:20:38,743 --> 00:20:39,994 in the morning. 387 00:20:41,412 --> 00:20:43,790 I'm surprised you didn't know that. 388 00:20:43,873 --> 00:20:46,334 Speaking as the oldest man in the Congress, I can tell you... 389 00:20:46,417 --> 00:20:49,420 Uh-uh. Ben Franklin is older by almost a year. 390 00:20:49,504 --> 00:20:50,713 Rum! 391 00:20:56,427 --> 00:20:57,762 Tell me, Doctor. 392 00:20:57,846 --> 00:21:01,057 Where does Georgia stand on the question of independence? 393 00:21:01,140 --> 00:21:03,434 RUTLEDGE: With South Carolina, of course. 394 00:21:03,518 --> 00:21:06,229 HOPKINS: (LAUGHING) Neddy, good morning. 395 00:21:06,312 --> 00:21:09,482 Neddy, come over here and shake the hand of Dr. Lyman Hall of Georgia. 396 00:21:09,566 --> 00:21:12,527 Dr. Hall, this here is Edward Rutledge from... 397 00:21:12,610 --> 00:21:14,612 Whichever Carolina he says he's from. 398 00:21:14,696 --> 00:21:16,072 God knows I can't keep them straight. 399 00:21:16,155 --> 00:21:17,323 It's a pleasure, Dr. Hall. 400 00:21:17,407 --> 00:21:18,533 Your servant, Mr. Rutledge. 401 00:21:18,616 --> 00:21:21,452 You've met the long and the short of it now, Doctor. 402 00:21:21,536 --> 00:21:24,247 Neddy here is just a lad. He's the youngest of us. 403 00:21:24,330 --> 00:21:25,957 Except for Ben Franklin. 404 00:21:26,040 --> 00:21:27,125 McNair! 405 00:21:27,208 --> 00:21:28,334 Your rum! 406 00:21:29,210 --> 00:21:31,838 Well, where did you go for it, man? Jamaica? 407 00:21:32,714 --> 00:21:34,632 Well, now, come along, Dr. Hall. 408 00:21:34,716 --> 00:21:38,761 I know you must be anxious to meet your colleagues from the South. 409 00:21:40,430 --> 00:21:42,557 Doctor, may I present to you Joseph Hewes. 410 00:21:42,640 --> 00:21:45,310 This is Dr. Lyman Hall, the new delegate from Georgia. 411 00:21:45,393 --> 00:21:46,769 An honor and a pleasure, gentlemen. 412 00:21:46,853 --> 00:21:48,730 Uh, where do you stand on independence, Dr. Hall? 413 00:21:49,230 --> 00:21:51,399 I'm here without instructions, Mr. Hewes, 414 00:21:51,482 --> 00:21:54,277 able to vote my own personal convictions. 415 00:21:55,069 --> 00:21:56,529 And they are? 416 00:22:00,617 --> 00:22:01,868 Personal. 417 00:22:03,286 --> 00:22:04,913 Now, Dr. Hall, 418 00:22:05,705 --> 00:22:08,041 the Deep South speaks with one voice. 419 00:22:08,124 --> 00:22:09,500 It's traditional. 420 00:22:09,584 --> 00:22:12,754 Even more, it is historical. 421 00:22:13,671 --> 00:22:15,340 Enter Delaware. 422 00:22:15,673 --> 00:22:17,425 (SPEAKING LATIN) 423 00:22:17,508 --> 00:22:18,718 Speak plain, Rutledge. 424 00:22:18,801 --> 00:22:21,679 You know I can't follow a word of your damn French. 425 00:22:21,763 --> 00:22:23,431 It's Latin, Colonel McKean, 426 00:22:23,514 --> 00:22:27,268 a tribute to the eternal peace and harmony of the Delaware delegation. 427 00:22:27,352 --> 00:22:30,188 What are you saying, man? You know perfectly well 428 00:22:30,271 --> 00:22:33,441 that neither Rodney nor I can stand the sight of this louse. 429 00:22:33,524 --> 00:22:34,567 Now, Thomas... 430 00:22:34,651 --> 00:22:35,777 Gentlemen, please. 431 00:22:35,860 --> 00:22:38,988 This is Dr. Lyman Hall of Georgia. 432 00:22:39,948 --> 00:22:41,032 Caesar Rodney. 433 00:22:41,115 --> 00:22:42,158 An honor, sir. Sir. 434 00:22:42,241 --> 00:22:45,787 George Read and Colonel Thomas McKean. 435 00:22:45,870 --> 00:22:46,955 RODNEY: Dr. Hall... Your servant. 436 00:22:47,246 --> 00:22:50,375 I wonder if I might speak to you for a moment in private. 437 00:22:50,458 --> 00:22:51,626 By all means. 438 00:22:54,921 --> 00:22:55,922 McNair! 439 00:22:56,005 --> 00:22:57,548 I'm coming! I'm coming! 440 00:22:57,632 --> 00:22:59,968 Help me. I'm stuck. 441 00:23:03,012 --> 00:23:04,472 Tell me, sir, 442 00:23:05,014 --> 00:23:09,310 would you be a doctor of medicine or theology? 443 00:23:10,019 --> 00:23:12,563 Both, Mr. Rodney. Which one can be of service? 444 00:23:12,647 --> 00:23:15,233 By all means, the physician first. 445 00:23:15,316 --> 00:23:17,443 Then we shall see about the other. 446 00:23:17,527 --> 00:23:18,820 (CHUCKLES) 447 00:23:18,903 --> 00:23:21,155 I shall call at your convenience, sir. 448 00:23:30,373 --> 00:23:32,375 I trust, Caesar, when you're through 449 00:23:32,458 --> 00:23:34,961 converting the poor fellow to independency 450 00:23:35,044 --> 00:23:38,339 that you'll give the opposition a fair crack at him. 451 00:23:38,423 --> 00:23:41,676 (CHUCKLING) You're too late, John. 452 00:23:41,759 --> 00:23:44,220 Once I get them, they're got. 453 00:23:44,303 --> 00:23:49,267 Dr. Lyman Hall of Georgia, Mr. John Dickinson of Pennsylvania. 454 00:23:49,350 --> 00:23:51,936 An honor, sir. Your servant, sir. 455 00:23:52,020 --> 00:23:54,188 Tell me, Doctor. 456 00:23:54,272 --> 00:23:56,065 Where do you stand on the question of... 457 00:23:56,357 --> 00:23:57,525 Independence? 458 00:23:58,026 --> 00:23:59,027 Treason. 459 00:24:01,988 --> 00:24:03,197 I've no stomach for it. 460 00:24:03,740 --> 00:24:06,325 Ah! Then be careful not to dine with John Adams. 461 00:24:06,409 --> 00:24:07,952 Between the fish and the soufflé, 462 00:24:08,036 --> 00:24:10,747 you'll find yourself hanging from an English rope. 463 00:24:10,830 --> 00:24:12,040 Your servant, sir. 464 00:24:15,543 --> 00:24:19,839 Oh, Judge Wilson, forgive me, but how can anyone see you 465 00:24:19,922 --> 00:24:23,885 if you insist on standing in Mr. Dickinson's shadow? 466 00:24:25,094 --> 00:24:29,057 James Wilson, also of Pennsylvania. 467 00:24:29,140 --> 00:24:30,224 Sir. 468 00:24:31,601 --> 00:24:33,102 An honor, sir. 469 00:24:33,936 --> 00:24:36,064 FRANKLIN: Good morning. Good morning. 470 00:24:38,816 --> 00:24:40,943 Good morning, ladies. Good morning. 471 00:24:41,027 --> 00:24:42,570 Steady, steady. 472 00:24:44,197 --> 00:24:46,908 MAN: Make gangway, sir. Make gangway! 473 00:24:46,991 --> 00:24:49,243 Good morning, Mr. Wilson. Good morning. 474 00:24:49,327 --> 00:24:52,330 Watch where you're going, damn it. Over there. 475 00:24:52,705 --> 00:24:55,666 McNair, get me out of this thing. 476 00:24:55,750 --> 00:24:57,877 Watch out for my foot. 477 00:24:57,960 --> 00:24:59,087 Good morning, all. 478 00:24:59,170 --> 00:25:01,130 Morning, Ben. ALL: Morning, Ben. 479 00:25:01,464 --> 00:25:02,924 Here you are. Two coppers apiece. 480 00:25:03,007 --> 00:25:04,801 Now, straight back to jail with you. 481 00:25:04,884 --> 00:25:07,011 Good morning, Stephen. All right, Benjamin. 482 00:25:07,095 --> 00:25:08,471 (GROANS) 483 00:25:08,554 --> 00:25:09,806 Dear God. 484 00:25:12,517 --> 00:25:13,893 What are you staring at? 485 00:25:13,976 --> 00:25:16,187 Haven't you ever seen a great man before? 486 00:25:16,270 --> 00:25:18,564 Good Lord, sir. Do you have the honor to be Dr. Franklin? 487 00:25:18,648 --> 00:25:19,690 Yes, I have that honor. 488 00:25:19,774 --> 00:25:22,610 Unfortunately, the gout accompanies the honor. 489 00:25:22,693 --> 00:25:24,195 Been living too high again, eh, pappy? 490 00:25:24,278 --> 00:25:27,949 Oh, Stephen, I only wish King George felt like my big toe all over. 491 00:25:28,032 --> 00:25:29,909 (LAUGHS) 492 00:25:29,992 --> 00:25:33,746 McNair! Fetch a pillow and two more rums. 493 00:25:33,830 --> 00:25:35,206 Well, Franklin, where's that idiot Lee? 494 00:25:35,289 --> 00:25:36,916 Is he back yet? I don't see him. 495 00:25:36,999 --> 00:25:39,752 Softly, John. Your voice is hurting my foot. 496 00:25:39,836 --> 00:25:41,295 One more day, Franklin. That's how long 497 00:25:41,379 --> 00:25:43,422 I'll remain silent, not a minute longer. 498 00:25:43,506 --> 00:25:46,050 That strutting popinjay was so damn sure of himself. 499 00:25:46,134 --> 00:25:48,344 He's had time to bring back a dozen proposals by now. 500 00:25:48,427 --> 00:25:49,470 Tell me, James. 501 00:25:49,554 --> 00:25:52,890 How do you explain the strange, monumental quietude 502 00:25:52,974 --> 00:25:55,476 that Congress has been treated to these past 30 days? 503 00:25:55,560 --> 00:25:59,188 Has the ill wind of independence finally blown itself out? 504 00:26:00,064 --> 00:26:01,899 Well, if you ask me... 505 00:26:01,983 --> 00:26:05,653 For myself, I must confess that a month free from New England noise 506 00:26:05,736 --> 00:26:07,697 is more therapeutic than a month in the country. 507 00:26:07,780 --> 00:26:09,407 Don't you agree, James? 508 00:26:09,490 --> 00:26:10,616 Well, I feel... 509 00:26:10,700 --> 00:26:12,743 Mr. Adams, pray look for your voice, sir. 510 00:26:12,827 --> 00:26:15,454 It cannot be far, and God knows we need 511 00:26:15,538 --> 00:26:17,456 the entertainment in Congress. 512 00:26:17,540 --> 00:26:19,000 (ALL LAUGHING) 513 00:26:21,711 --> 00:26:22,920 Congratulations, John. 514 00:26:23,004 --> 00:26:24,964 You just made your greatest contribution to independence. 515 00:26:25,047 --> 00:26:26,340 You kept your flap shut. 516 00:26:26,424 --> 00:26:27,842 One more day, Franklin. 517 00:26:27,925 --> 00:26:30,178 Then I shall do the proposing. 518 00:26:31,512 --> 00:26:35,224 Gentlemen, the usual morning festivities concluded, 519 00:26:35,308 --> 00:26:37,727 I will now call Congress to order. 520 00:26:38,144 --> 00:26:39,645 Mr. Thomson. 521 00:26:43,232 --> 00:26:44,525 The Second Continental Congress meeting 522 00:26:44,609 --> 00:26:46,861 in the city of Philadelphia is now in session. 523 00:26:46,944 --> 00:26:50,489 7 June, 1776, the 380th meeting. 524 00:26:50,573 --> 00:26:52,200 Sweet Jesus! 525 00:26:54,035 --> 00:26:57,371 The Honorable John Hancock of Massachusetts Bay, president. 526 00:26:59,415 --> 00:27:02,293 Thank you, Mr. Thomson. Mr. McNair. 527 00:27:02,376 --> 00:27:05,713 The stores of rum and other drinking spirits are hereby closed 528 00:27:05,796 --> 00:27:09,300 to the colony of Rhode Island for a period of three days. 529 00:27:09,383 --> 00:27:10,760 Yes, sir. 530 00:27:10,843 --> 00:27:12,637 (MEN RAPPING ON TABLES) Johnny, you can't do that. 531 00:27:12,720 --> 00:27:16,015 Sit down, Mr. Hopkins. You've abused the privilege. 532 00:27:16,807 --> 00:27:18,434 (MEN LAUGHING) 533 00:27:18,517 --> 00:27:20,394 The chair would like to take this opportunity 534 00:27:20,478 --> 00:27:23,439 to welcome Dr. Lyman Hall of Georgia to this Congress, 535 00:27:23,522 --> 00:27:25,524 and hopes he will make the best of it. 536 00:27:28,736 --> 00:27:30,613 My God, it's hot. 537 00:27:31,614 --> 00:27:33,824 The secretary will read the roll. 538 00:27:33,908 --> 00:27:36,160 All members present with the following exceptions. 539 00:27:36,702 --> 00:27:39,497 "Mr. Paine, Mr. Gerry, Mr. Samuel Adams of Massachusetts, 540 00:27:39,580 --> 00:27:41,249 "Mr. Morton of Pennsylvania, 541 00:27:41,374 --> 00:27:43,584 "Mr. Wythe and Mr. Richard Henry Lee of Virginia." 542 00:27:44,085 --> 00:27:46,837 And the entire delegation of New Jersey. 543 00:27:47,255 --> 00:27:49,090 I'm concerned over the continual absence 544 00:27:49,173 --> 00:27:52,301 of one-thirteenth of this Congress. Where is New Jersey? 545 00:27:52,718 --> 00:27:55,596 Somewhere between New York and Pennsylvania. 546 00:27:56,180 --> 00:27:57,848 (ALL LAUGHING) 547 00:27:59,100 --> 00:28:00,851 Thank you very much. 548 00:28:01,602 --> 00:28:05,398 Dr. Franklin, have you heard anything? Your son resides there. 549 00:28:05,481 --> 00:28:06,732 Son, sir? What son? 550 00:28:07,692 --> 00:28:10,319 The royal governor of New Jersey, sir. 551 00:28:11,028 --> 00:28:13,030 As that title might suggest, sir, 552 00:28:13,114 --> 00:28:15,449 we are not in touch at the present time. 553 00:28:15,866 --> 00:28:17,702 Yes. Well... 554 00:28:18,286 --> 00:28:20,204 Now for the weather report, 555 00:28:20,288 --> 00:28:22,290 Mr. Jefferson of Virginia. 556 00:28:24,583 --> 00:28:25,584 Mr. Jefferson! 557 00:28:26,669 --> 00:28:27,795 Present, sir. 558 00:28:28,337 --> 00:28:29,964 May we hear about the weather? 559 00:28:30,256 --> 00:28:32,842 As if it weren't speaking for itself. 560 00:28:34,468 --> 00:28:37,054 Eighty-seven degrees of temperature, 561 00:28:37,138 --> 00:28:40,141 thirty-point-aught-six inches of mercury. 562 00:28:40,766 --> 00:28:41,976 Wind... 563 00:28:43,019 --> 00:28:45,354 From the southwest for the rest of the day. 564 00:28:45,438 --> 00:28:46,897 And tonight... 565 00:28:46,981 --> 00:28:49,233 Tonight I'm leaving for home. 566 00:28:49,317 --> 00:28:50,776 On business? 567 00:28:50,860 --> 00:28:51,944 Family business. 568 00:28:52,194 --> 00:28:54,780 Give her a flourish for me, young feller. 569 00:28:55,031 --> 00:28:56,324 (ALL LAUGHING) 570 00:28:59,410 --> 00:29:00,578 Whoa! 571 00:29:22,516 --> 00:29:25,144 "From the Commander, army of the United Colonies to New York, 572 00:29:25,227 --> 00:29:27,605 "dispatch number 1,137." 573 00:29:27,688 --> 00:29:29,857 Ah, sweet Jesus! 574 00:29:30,358 --> 00:29:31,942 "To the Honorable Congress, John Hancock, president. 575 00:29:32,026 --> 00:29:35,780 "Dear sir, it is with grave apprehension that I have learned this day 576 00:29:35,863 --> 00:29:37,990 "of the sailing from Halifax, Nova Scotia, 577 00:29:38,074 --> 00:29:39,909 "of a considerable force of British troops 578 00:29:39,992 --> 00:29:41,494 "in the company of foreign mercenaries 579 00:29:41,577 --> 00:29:44,163 "and under the command of General Sir William Howe." 580 00:29:44,246 --> 00:29:46,707 "There can be no doubt that their destination is New York, 581 00:29:46,791 --> 00:29:49,960 "for to take and hold this city and the Hudson Valley beyond 582 00:29:50,044 --> 00:29:52,880 "would serve to separate New England from the rest of the colonies, 583 00:29:52,963 --> 00:29:56,008 "permitting both sections to be crushed in turn. 584 00:29:56,092 --> 00:29:58,677 "Sadly, I see no way of stopping them at the present time, 585 00:29:58,761 --> 00:30:01,138 "as my army is absolutely falling apart. 586 00:30:01,222 --> 00:30:03,224 "My military chest is totally exhausted. 587 00:30:03,307 --> 00:30:06,560 "My commissary general has strained his credit to the last. 588 00:30:06,644 --> 00:30:10,231 "My quartermaster has no food, no arms, no ammunition, 589 00:30:10,356 --> 00:30:13,275 "and my troops are in a state of near mutiny. 590 00:30:13,359 --> 00:30:15,236 "I pray God some relief arrives 591 00:30:15,319 --> 00:30:18,239 "before the armada, but fear it will not. 592 00:30:18,322 --> 00:30:19,865 "Your obedient, 593 00:30:21,242 --> 00:30:22,660 "G. Washington." 594 00:30:23,452 --> 00:30:24,995 Mr. President! 595 00:30:25,079 --> 00:30:26,080 Colonel McKean. 596 00:30:26,163 --> 00:30:28,749 Surely we have managed to promote 597 00:30:28,833 --> 00:30:32,962 the gloomiest man on this continent to the head of our troops. 598 00:30:33,045 --> 00:30:37,341 Those dispatches are the most depressing accumulation 599 00:30:37,425 --> 00:30:42,721 of disaster, doom and despair in the entire annals of military history. 600 00:30:43,431 --> 00:30:45,516 Colonel McKean, please! 601 00:30:45,599 --> 00:30:46,600 What? 602 00:30:47,601 --> 00:30:49,103 It's too hot. 603 00:30:50,312 --> 00:30:52,064 Well, I suppose so. 604 00:30:52,940 --> 00:30:57,153 General Washington will continue wording his dispatches as he sees fit. 605 00:30:57,236 --> 00:30:59,196 And I'm sure we all pray 606 00:30:59,280 --> 00:31:03,200 he finds happier thoughts to convey in the near future. 607 00:31:04,535 --> 00:31:06,370 Mr. Thomson, are there any resolutions? 608 00:31:06,787 --> 00:31:08,956 Dr. Josiah Bartlett of New Hampshire. 609 00:31:10,249 --> 00:31:13,419 "Resolved, that for the duration of the present hostilities, 610 00:31:13,502 --> 00:31:16,881 "the Congress discourage every type of extravagance and dissipation, 611 00:31:16,964 --> 00:31:19,592 "elaborate funerals and other expensive diversions, 612 00:31:19,675 --> 00:31:22,595 "especially all horse racing, gambling, 613 00:31:22,678 --> 00:31:25,347 "and other forms of sinful activity, which..." 614 00:31:25,431 --> 00:31:26,891 Fire wagon! 615 00:31:27,558 --> 00:31:28,976 (ALL CLAMORING) 616 00:31:44,074 --> 00:31:45,659 Where's the fire? Can anybody tell? 617 00:31:45,743 --> 00:31:47,036 Looks like the Pemberton House. 618 00:31:47,119 --> 00:31:48,370 It couldn't be. It's brand new. 619 00:31:48,454 --> 00:31:50,080 It might be the city tavern. 620 00:31:50,164 --> 00:31:51,832 Bite your tongue, man. 621 00:31:54,710 --> 00:31:58,088 LEE: Whoo-hoo! 622 00:32:01,175 --> 00:32:02,551 Benjy, I'm back! 623 00:32:03,177 --> 00:32:04,512 I'm back, Johnny! 624 00:32:04,595 --> 00:32:06,263 Richard, lad, welcome back. 625 00:32:08,015 --> 00:32:09,433 (LEE WHOOPING) 626 00:32:10,142 --> 00:32:11,143 Lee, is it done? 627 00:32:11,227 --> 00:32:13,020 First things first. Tom! 628 00:32:13,103 --> 00:32:17,483 Tom! Tom, your little bride wants to know, "When's he coming home?" 629 00:32:17,566 --> 00:32:18,651 I leave tonight. 630 00:32:18,734 --> 00:32:20,277 Never mind that, man. Is it done? 631 00:32:20,361 --> 00:32:22,530 Done? Why, certain-Lee. 632 00:32:23,364 --> 00:32:27,117 Mr. President, I have returned from Virginia with the following resolution, 633 00:32:27,201 --> 00:32:30,746 "Resolved, that these united colonies are, and of a right ought to be, 634 00:32:30,829 --> 00:32:32,289 "free and independent states, 635 00:32:32,373 --> 00:32:35,084 "that they are absolved from allegiance to the British Crown, 636 00:32:35,167 --> 00:32:36,794 "and that all political connection between them 637 00:32:36,877 --> 00:32:38,546 "and the state of Great Britain is, 638 00:32:38,629 --> 00:32:41,298 "and ought to be, totally dissolved." 639 00:32:41,382 --> 00:32:42,550 Hear, hear! 640 00:32:42,633 --> 00:32:45,427 Mr. President, I second the proposal. 641 00:32:45,511 --> 00:32:47,388 The resolution has been proposed and seconded. 642 00:32:47,471 --> 00:32:50,015 The chair will now entertain debate. 643 00:32:50,933 --> 00:32:52,560 Mr. Dickinson. Mr. President. 644 00:32:52,851 --> 00:32:54,979 Pennsylvania moves, as always, 645 00:32:55,062 --> 00:32:59,191 that the question of independence be postponed indefinitely. 646 00:32:59,275 --> 00:33:01,068 I second the motion. 647 00:33:01,527 --> 00:33:02,987 Judge Wilson, 648 00:33:03,571 --> 00:33:06,323 in your eagerness to be loved, you seem to have forgotten 649 00:33:06,407 --> 00:33:09,368 that Pennsylvania cannot second its own motion. 650 00:33:10,786 --> 00:33:12,496 Delaware seconds. 651 00:33:12,580 --> 00:33:14,873 You would, you lousy wart. 652 00:33:15,416 --> 00:33:18,586 The motion to postpone has been moved and seconded. 653 00:33:18,669 --> 00:33:20,087 Mr. Thomson. 654 00:33:21,589 --> 00:33:23,382 On the motion to postpone indefinitely 655 00:33:23,465 --> 00:33:26,302 the resolution on independency or proceed with the debate, 656 00:33:26,385 --> 00:33:28,053 all those in favor of debate say "yea," 657 00:33:28,137 --> 00:33:29,680 all those for postponement say "nay." 658 00:33:29,763 --> 00:33:30,848 New Hampshire? 659 00:33:31,765 --> 00:33:33,976 New Hampshire favors debate, and says yea. 660 00:33:36,270 --> 00:33:38,647 New Hampshire says yea. Massachusetts? 661 00:33:39,023 --> 00:33:43,527 Massachusetts, having borne the brunt of the King's tyranny... 662 00:33:43,611 --> 00:33:45,613 (ALL CLAMORING) Yes, I said tyranny! 663 00:33:46,363 --> 00:33:49,366 Massachusetts now, and for all time, says yea. 664 00:33:50,951 --> 00:33:52,786 Massachusetts says yea. 665 00:33:53,120 --> 00:33:54,622 Rhode Island? 666 00:33:55,623 --> 00:33:57,041 Mr. Hopkins? 667 00:33:57,791 --> 00:33:59,168 Where's Rhode Island? 668 00:33:59,251 --> 00:34:02,212 Rhode Island is out visiting the necessary. 669 00:34:02,504 --> 00:34:05,841 After what Rhode Island's consumed, I can't say I'm surprised. 670 00:34:05,924 --> 00:34:07,843 We'll come back to him, Mr. Thomson. 671 00:34:07,926 --> 00:34:09,678 Rhode Island passes. 672 00:34:10,054 --> 00:34:11,263 (ALL LAUGHING) 673 00:34:14,433 --> 00:34:15,559 Connecticut? 674 00:34:17,645 --> 00:34:20,230 While Connecticut has, till now, 675 00:34:20,314 --> 00:34:22,566 been against this proposal, 676 00:34:23,150 --> 00:34:25,611 our legislature has instructed me that in the event 677 00:34:25,694 --> 00:34:28,906 it is introduced by any colony outside of New England, 678 00:34:28,989 --> 00:34:32,368 we could not any longer withhold our support. Connecticut says yea. 679 00:34:32,451 --> 00:34:33,577 Hear! Hear! 680 00:34:33,661 --> 00:34:35,996 Connecticut says yea. New York? 681 00:34:37,498 --> 00:34:39,917 New York abstains courteously. 682 00:34:40,167 --> 00:34:41,669 New York abstains. 683 00:34:41,752 --> 00:34:42,795 Courteously. 684 00:34:45,005 --> 00:34:46,090 New Jersey? 685 00:34:46,173 --> 00:34:47,591 Absent, Mr. Secretary. 686 00:34:49,677 --> 00:34:51,553 New Jersey's absent. Pennsylvania? 687 00:34:52,346 --> 00:34:55,891 Pennsylvania, for the 24th time, says nay. 688 00:34:55,974 --> 00:34:58,143 Pennsylvania says nay. Delaware? 689 00:34:59,186 --> 00:35:03,941 Delaware, as ever for independence, says yea. 690 00:35:04,024 --> 00:35:06,443 Delaware says yea. Maryland? 691 00:35:07,361 --> 00:35:10,739 Maryland would welcome independence if it were given, 692 00:35:10,823 --> 00:35:14,034 but is highly skeptical that it can be taken. 693 00:35:14,118 --> 00:35:15,786 Maryland says nay. 694 00:35:17,579 --> 00:35:19,790 Maryland says nay. Virginia? 695 00:35:19,873 --> 00:35:22,626 Virginia, the first colony, says yea! 696 00:35:25,963 --> 00:35:28,298 Virginia says yea. North Carolina? 697 00:35:28,382 --> 00:35:32,678 North Carolina respectfully yields to South Carolina. 698 00:35:32,761 --> 00:35:33,804 South Carolina? 699 00:35:33,887 --> 00:35:35,389 Mr. President, 700 00:35:35,973 --> 00:35:39,518 although we of South Carolina have never seriously considered 701 00:35:39,601 --> 00:35:41,812 the question of independence, 702 00:35:41,895 --> 00:35:45,733 when a gentleman proposes it, attention must be paid. 703 00:35:47,359 --> 00:35:50,946 However, we in the Deep South, 704 00:35:51,029 --> 00:35:52,990 unlike our friends in New England, 705 00:35:53,073 --> 00:35:56,702 have no cause for impatience at the present time. 706 00:35:57,828 --> 00:36:01,165 If at some future date it becomes the wish of all our sister colonies, 707 00:36:01,248 --> 00:36:05,169 to effect a separation, we will not stand in the way. 708 00:36:05,252 --> 00:36:07,087 But for the time being, 709 00:36:07,171 --> 00:36:10,382 South Carolina will wait and watch. 710 00:36:11,383 --> 00:36:12,968 The vote is nay. 711 00:36:15,262 --> 00:36:16,305 North Carolina... 712 00:36:16,388 --> 00:36:18,724 Says nay. Yes, Mr. Hewes. I know. 713 00:36:21,351 --> 00:36:22,394 Georgia. 714 00:36:25,814 --> 00:36:27,065 Georgia. 715 00:36:28,650 --> 00:36:31,278 Mr. President, Georgia seems to be split 716 00:36:31,361 --> 00:36:33,530 right down the middle on this issue. 717 00:36:33,614 --> 00:36:36,450 The people are against it, and I'm for it. 718 00:36:36,784 --> 00:36:38,035 (ALL LAUGHING) 719 00:36:38,911 --> 00:36:42,164 However, I'm afraid I'm not quite certain 720 00:36:42,247 --> 00:36:43,540 whether representing the people means 721 00:36:43,624 --> 00:36:46,376 relying on their judgment or on my own. 722 00:36:46,460 --> 00:36:48,670 In all fairness, until I can figure that out, 723 00:36:48,754 --> 00:36:51,173 I'd better lean a little on their side. 724 00:36:51,256 --> 00:36:52,466 Georgia says nay. 725 00:36:57,137 --> 00:36:59,223 Georgia says nay. 726 00:36:59,306 --> 00:37:00,849 Rhode Island? 727 00:37:02,768 --> 00:37:05,187 Second call, Rhode Island! 728 00:37:05,813 --> 00:37:07,523 Rhode Island! 729 00:37:07,773 --> 00:37:10,234 HOPKINS: I'm coming! I'm coming! 730 00:37:10,484 --> 00:37:12,611 Hold your damn horses. 731 00:37:12,694 --> 00:37:14,071 We're waiting on you, Mr. Hopkins. 732 00:37:14,154 --> 00:37:16,240 Well, it won't kill you. 733 00:37:16,323 --> 00:37:19,743 You'd think the Congress would have its own pisser. 734 00:37:19,827 --> 00:37:21,328 All right, where does she stand? 735 00:37:21,411 --> 00:37:23,247 Five for debate, five for postponement, 736 00:37:23,330 --> 00:37:24,832 one abstention and one absence. 737 00:37:24,915 --> 00:37:26,583 So it's up to me, huh? 738 00:37:26,667 --> 00:37:28,168 Well, I'll tell you. 739 00:37:28,252 --> 00:37:32,297 In all my years, I never seen, heard nor smelled an issue 740 00:37:32,381 --> 00:37:35,008 that was so dangerous it couldn't be talked about. 741 00:37:35,133 --> 00:37:38,136 Hell, yes! I'm for debating anything. Rhode Island says yea. 742 00:37:40,305 --> 00:37:43,559 HANCOCK: McNair, get Mr. Hopkins a rum. McNAIR: But you said... 743 00:37:43,642 --> 00:37:46,478 HANCOCK: Get him the whole damn barrel if he wants. 744 00:37:47,688 --> 00:37:50,107 The chair now declares this Congress a committee of the whole 745 00:37:50,190 --> 00:37:53,610 for the purpose of debating Virginia's resolution on independence. 746 00:37:53,694 --> 00:37:55,195 Mr. Dickinson. 747 00:37:57,072 --> 00:38:02,035 Well, now, you've got your way at last, Mr. Adams. 748 00:38:02,411 --> 00:38:04,746 The matter may now be discussed. 749 00:38:05,581 --> 00:38:08,041 I confess I'm almost relieved. 750 00:38:08,709 --> 00:38:12,212 There's a question I've been fairly itching to ask you. 751 00:38:14,590 --> 00:38:15,674 Why? 752 00:38:15,757 --> 00:38:17,968 Why what, Mr. Dickinson? 753 00:38:18,051 --> 00:38:20,721 Well, why independence, Mr. Adams? 754 00:38:21,221 --> 00:38:24,141 Well, for the obvious reason that our continued association 755 00:38:24,224 --> 00:38:27,102 with Great Britain has grown intolerable. 756 00:38:27,185 --> 00:38:29,730 Well, to whom, Mr. Adams? To you? 757 00:38:30,689 --> 00:38:33,650 Well, then I suggest you sever your ties immediately. 758 00:38:33,734 --> 00:38:38,947 But please be kind enough to leave the rest of us where we are. 759 00:38:39,740 --> 00:38:41,742 For myself, I have no objection at all 760 00:38:41,825 --> 00:38:44,536 to being part of the greatest empire on Earth, 761 00:38:44,620 --> 00:38:47,581 to enjoying its protection and sharing its benefits. 762 00:38:47,664 --> 00:38:48,916 Benefits? 763 00:38:50,125 --> 00:38:51,585 What benefits? 764 00:38:52,252 --> 00:38:55,464 Crippling taxes? Cruel repressions? 765 00:38:55,547 --> 00:38:57,174 Abolished rights? 766 00:38:58,926 --> 00:39:02,846 Is that all England means to you, sir? 767 00:39:04,973 --> 00:39:08,185 Is that all the pride and affection you can muster 768 00:39:08,268 --> 00:39:10,687 for the nation that bore you? 769 00:39:10,771 --> 00:39:14,524 For the noblest, most civilized nation on the face of this planet? 770 00:39:14,608 --> 00:39:18,236 Well, would you have us forsake Hastings and Magna Carta, 771 00:39:18,320 --> 00:39:21,907 Strongbow and Lionheart, Drake and Marlborough, 772 00:39:21,990 --> 00:39:23,992 Tudors, Stuarts and Plantagenets? 773 00:39:24,076 --> 00:39:25,702 For what, sir? 774 00:39:25,786 --> 00:39:27,788 Well, tell me. For what? 775 00:39:31,041 --> 00:39:32,292 For you? 776 00:39:35,796 --> 00:39:39,925 Some men are patriots, like General Washington, 777 00:39:40,008 --> 00:39:42,219 and some are anarchists, like Mr. Paine. 778 00:39:42,302 --> 00:39:45,055 Some even are internationalists, like Dr. Franklin. 779 00:39:45,138 --> 00:39:47,683 But you, sir... 780 00:39:49,309 --> 00:39:52,062 You are merely an agitator, 781 00:39:52,145 --> 00:39:53,563 disturbing the peace, 782 00:39:53,647 --> 00:39:56,108 creating disorder, endangering the public welfare. 783 00:39:56,191 --> 00:39:57,567 And for what? 784 00:39:57,651 --> 00:39:59,945 Your petty little personal complaints. 785 00:40:00,028 --> 00:40:02,072 Your taxes are too high. 786 00:40:03,699 --> 00:40:07,452 Well, sir, so are mine. 787 00:40:10,288 --> 00:40:12,499 Come, come, Mr. Adams. 788 00:40:13,125 --> 00:40:16,503 If you have grievances, and I'm sure you have, 789 00:40:16,586 --> 00:40:18,338 our present system must provide 790 00:40:18,422 --> 00:40:20,090 a gentler means of redressing them 791 00:40:20,173 --> 00:40:22,175 short of revolution. 792 00:40:23,093 --> 00:40:25,262 Yes, that's what he wants. 793 00:40:25,345 --> 00:40:27,264 Nothing less will satisfy him. 794 00:40:27,347 --> 00:40:30,142 Violence, rebellion, treason. 795 00:40:32,644 --> 00:40:34,688 Now, Mr. Adams, 796 00:40:35,856 --> 00:40:39,026 are these the acts of Englishmen? 797 00:40:39,109 --> 00:40:41,653 Not Englishmen, Dickinson. Americans. 798 00:40:41,737 --> 00:40:43,697 No, sir. Englishmen! 799 00:40:44,489 --> 00:40:46,450 Please, Mr. Dickinson, must you start banging? 800 00:40:46,533 --> 00:40:47,784 How is a man to sleep? 801 00:40:49,369 --> 00:40:52,831 Forgive me, Dr. Franklin, but must you start speaking? 802 00:40:52,914 --> 00:40:55,000 How is a man to stay awake? 803 00:40:55,083 --> 00:40:56,460 (ALL LAUGHING) 804 00:40:56,543 --> 00:40:58,628 We'll promise to be quiet, sir. 805 00:40:58,712 --> 00:41:01,923 I'm sure everyone prefers that you remain asleep. 806 00:41:02,257 --> 00:41:04,342 If I'm to hear myself called an Englishman, sir, 807 00:41:04,426 --> 00:41:06,428 I assure you I prefer I'd remained asleep. 808 00:41:06,887 --> 00:41:10,307 Oh, now, what's so terrible about being called an Englishman? 809 00:41:10,390 --> 00:41:11,933 The English don't seem to mind. 810 00:41:12,267 --> 00:41:15,645 Nor would I, were I given the full rights of an Englishman. 811 00:41:15,729 --> 00:41:19,691 But to call me one without those rights is like calling an ox a bull. 812 00:41:19,775 --> 00:41:20,817 He's thankful for the honor, 813 00:41:20,901 --> 00:41:23,320 but he'd much rather have restored what's rightfully his. 814 00:41:23,570 --> 00:41:25,072 (ALL LAUGHING) 815 00:41:29,951 --> 00:41:32,746 When did you first notice they were missing, sir? 816 00:41:38,418 --> 00:41:41,254 Fortunately, the people of these colonies 817 00:41:41,338 --> 00:41:43,965 maintain a higher regard for their mother country. 818 00:41:44,925 --> 00:41:47,844 Higher, certainly, than she feels for them. 819 00:41:47,928 --> 00:41:49,679 Never was such a valuable possession 820 00:41:49,763 --> 00:41:52,140 so stupidly and so recklessly managed 821 00:41:52,224 --> 00:41:55,143 than this entire continent by the British Crown. 822 00:41:55,227 --> 00:41:58,396 Our industry discouraged, our resources pillaged. 823 00:41:59,648 --> 00:42:02,442 Worst of all, our very character stifled. 824 00:42:03,110 --> 00:42:05,362 We've spawned a new race here, Mr. Dickinson. 825 00:42:05,445 --> 00:42:06,780 Rougher, simpler, 826 00:42:06,863 --> 00:42:09,491 more violent, more enterprising, 827 00:42:09,574 --> 00:42:11,034 less refined. 828 00:42:11,660 --> 00:42:13,411 We're a new nationality. 829 00:42:13,495 --> 00:42:15,622 We require a new nation. 830 00:42:18,917 --> 00:42:20,001 Well, 831 00:42:20,794 --> 00:42:23,255 that may be your opinion, Dr. Franklin, 832 00:42:23,338 --> 00:42:28,802 but, as I said, the people feel quite differently. 833 00:42:28,885 --> 00:42:32,264 Now, what do you know about the people, Dickinson? 834 00:42:32,347 --> 00:42:35,934 You don't speak for the people. You represent only yourself. 835 00:42:36,017 --> 00:42:38,103 And that precious status quo 836 00:42:38,186 --> 00:42:41,565 you keep imploring the people to preserve for their own good 837 00:42:41,648 --> 00:42:45,777 is nothing more than the eternal preservation of your own property. 838 00:42:47,320 --> 00:42:50,073 Mr. Adams, you have an annoying talent 839 00:42:50,157 --> 00:42:52,242 for making such delightful words 840 00:42:52,325 --> 00:42:55,537 as "property" sound quite distasteful. 841 00:42:55,620 --> 00:42:58,540 In heaven's name, what's wrong with property? 842 00:42:59,249 --> 00:43:02,377 Perhaps you've forgotten that many of us first came to these shores 843 00:43:02,460 --> 00:43:05,088 in order to secure rights to property, 844 00:43:05,172 --> 00:43:09,426 and that we hold these rights no less dear than the rights you speak of. 845 00:43:09,509 --> 00:43:12,304 Yes. So safe, so fat, 846 00:43:12,387 --> 00:43:13,972 so comfortable in Pennsylvania. 847 00:43:14,055 --> 00:43:16,433 And what is this independence of yours 848 00:43:16,516 --> 00:43:19,227 except the private grievance of Massachusetts? 849 00:43:19,311 --> 00:43:22,022 Why is it always Boston that breaks the King's peace? 850 00:43:22,105 --> 00:43:26,484 My dear Congress, you must not adopt this evil measure. 851 00:43:26,568 --> 00:43:28,778 It is the work of the devil. 852 00:43:28,862 --> 00:43:31,198 Leave it where it belongs. 853 00:43:32,032 --> 00:43:33,450 In New England. 854 00:43:33,533 --> 00:43:35,368 Brother Dickinson, New England has been 855 00:43:35,452 --> 00:43:37,204 fighting the devil for more than 100 years. 856 00:43:37,746 --> 00:43:39,581 And as of now, Brother Sherman, 857 00:43:39,664 --> 00:43:42,459 the devil has been winning hands down. 858 00:43:43,126 --> 00:43:46,463 Why, at this very moment, he's sitting right here in this Congress. 859 00:43:46,546 --> 00:43:50,383 Don't let him deceive you. This proposal is entirely his doing. 860 00:43:50,467 --> 00:43:52,135 It may bear Virginia's name, 861 00:43:52,219 --> 00:43:56,139 but it reeks of Adams, Adams and more Adams. 862 00:43:56,223 --> 00:43:58,808 Look at him. Ready to lead this continent 863 00:43:58,892 --> 00:44:01,519 down the fiery path of total destruction. 864 00:44:01,603 --> 00:44:05,732 Oh, good God! Why can't you acknowledge what already exists? 865 00:44:05,815 --> 00:44:09,319 It has been more than a year since Concord and Lexington. 866 00:44:09,402 --> 00:44:11,696 Damn it, man, we're at war, right now! 867 00:44:11,780 --> 00:44:15,033 You may be at war. You, Boston and John Adams. 868 00:44:15,116 --> 00:44:17,744 But you will never speak for Pennsylvania. 869 00:44:17,827 --> 00:44:18,870 Nor for Delaware. 870 00:44:18,954 --> 00:44:23,333 Mr. Read, you represent only one-third of Delaware. 871 00:44:23,416 --> 00:44:25,502 The sensible third, Mr. Rodney. 872 00:44:25,585 --> 00:44:28,755 Sit down, you scurvy dog, or I'll knock you down. 873 00:44:29,589 --> 00:44:31,007 (DOG BARKING) Sit down, all three of you! 874 00:44:31,091 --> 00:44:33,093 McNair, do something about that damn dog! 875 00:44:33,176 --> 00:44:34,678 And here, fetch me a rum. 876 00:44:34,761 --> 00:44:36,846 Get that dog first! Rum, rum! 877 00:44:36,930 --> 00:44:38,723 I only got two hands. 878 00:44:39,224 --> 00:44:40,767 (ALL CLAMORING) 879 00:44:43,561 --> 00:44:45,272 Christ, it's hot! 880 00:44:57,659 --> 00:44:59,703 Please do go on, gentlemen. 881 00:44:59,786 --> 00:45:02,080 You're making the only breeze in Philadelphia. 882 00:45:03,832 --> 00:45:05,166 Mr. Adams, 883 00:45:05,834 --> 00:45:08,753 perhaps you could clear up something for me? 884 00:45:09,421 --> 00:45:11,548 After we have achieved independence, 885 00:45:11,631 --> 00:45:14,301 who do you propose would govern in South Carolina? 886 00:45:16,094 --> 00:45:17,637 The people, of course. 887 00:45:18,179 --> 00:45:21,016 Which people, sir? The people of South Carolina 888 00:45:21,141 --> 00:45:23,435 or the people of Massachusetts? 889 00:45:23,768 --> 00:45:25,270 Why don't you admit it, Neddy? 890 00:45:25,353 --> 00:45:28,273 You're against independence now and you always will be. 891 00:45:28,356 --> 00:45:29,649 Aye. 892 00:45:31,776 --> 00:45:35,363 Gentlemen, you refuse to understand us. 893 00:45:35,447 --> 00:45:38,199 We desire independence. Yes. 894 00:45:39,159 --> 00:45:41,870 For South Carolina. That is our country. 895 00:45:43,163 --> 00:45:46,249 And as such, we don't wish to belong to anyone. 896 00:45:46,333 --> 00:45:49,002 Not to England and not to you. 897 00:45:50,170 --> 00:45:52,797 We intend to have one nation, Rutledge. 898 00:45:52,881 --> 00:45:56,092 A nation of sovereign states, Mr. Adams. 899 00:45:56,176 --> 00:45:58,261 United for our mutual protection, 900 00:45:58,345 --> 00:46:01,765 but separate for our individual pursuits. 901 00:46:01,848 --> 00:46:04,809 Now, that is what we have understood it to be, 902 00:46:04,893 --> 00:46:07,687 and that is what we will support. 903 00:46:09,189 --> 00:46:11,691 As soon as everyone supports it. 904 00:46:15,695 --> 00:46:18,031 Well, there you are, Mr. Adams. 905 00:46:18,823 --> 00:46:21,117 You must see that we need time. 906 00:46:21,618 --> 00:46:23,828 Time to make certain who we are 907 00:46:23,912 --> 00:46:26,664 and where we stand in regard to one another. 908 00:46:26,748 --> 00:46:30,710 For if we do not determine the nature of the beast before we set it free, 909 00:46:30,794 --> 00:46:33,463 it will end by consuming us all. 910 00:46:33,546 --> 00:46:35,757 For once in your life, Wilson, 911 00:46:36,716 --> 00:46:38,218 take a chance. 912 00:46:39,844 --> 00:46:41,721 I say the time is now. 913 00:46:42,889 --> 00:46:44,849 It may never come again. 914 00:46:45,600 --> 00:46:47,185 Your clock is fast, Mr. Adams. 915 00:46:47,268 --> 00:46:49,354 I say we're not yet ripe for independence. 916 00:46:49,562 --> 00:46:52,774 Not ripe? Hell, we're rotting for want of it. 917 00:46:53,358 --> 00:46:57,237 Gentlemen, please, what in God's name is the infernal hurry? 918 00:46:57,320 --> 00:46:59,322 Why must this question be settled now? 919 00:46:59,406 --> 00:47:01,658 What's wrong with now, Mr. Chase? 920 00:47:01,908 --> 00:47:04,119 General Washington is in the field. 921 00:47:04,202 --> 00:47:06,162 If he's defeated, as it now appears, 922 00:47:06,246 --> 00:47:08,331 we'll be inviting the hangman. 923 00:47:08,415 --> 00:47:12,502 But if, by some miracle, he should actually win, 924 00:47:12,585 --> 00:47:15,296 we can then declare anything we damn please. 925 00:47:15,380 --> 00:47:18,216 The sentiments of North Carolina precisely. 926 00:47:18,925 --> 00:47:21,052 Has it ever occurred to either of you 927 00:47:21,136 --> 00:47:25,598 that an army needs something to fight for in order to win? 928 00:47:25,765 --> 00:47:29,185 A purpose? A goal? A flag of its own? 929 00:47:29,644 --> 00:47:30,979 Mr. Adams, 930 00:47:31,896 --> 00:47:34,774 how can a nation of only 2 million souls 931 00:47:34,858 --> 00:47:37,235 stand up to an empire of 10 million? 932 00:47:37,318 --> 00:47:38,736 Think of it. 10 million. 933 00:47:38,820 --> 00:47:41,156 How do we compensate for that shortage? 934 00:47:41,239 --> 00:47:43,950 It's simple, Mr. Chase. Increase and multiply. 935 00:47:44,033 --> 00:47:46,161 How's that? (ALL LAUGHING) 936 00:47:46,744 --> 00:47:49,539 We will more than compensate with spirit. 937 00:47:49,914 --> 00:47:52,709 I tell you, there is a spirit out there among the people 938 00:47:52,792 --> 00:47:54,878 that is sadly lacking in this Congress. 939 00:47:54,961 --> 00:47:58,006 Yes, of course. Now it's spirit. 940 00:47:58,089 --> 00:48:00,091 Well, why didn't I think of that? 941 00:48:00,175 --> 00:48:04,304 No army, no navy, no arms, no ammunition, 942 00:48:04,387 --> 00:48:08,683 no treasury, no friends, 943 00:48:08,766 --> 00:48:11,853 but, bless our soul, spirit. 944 00:48:12,854 --> 00:48:15,273 Mr. Lee, Mr. Hopkins, 945 00:48:15,356 --> 00:48:17,775 Mr. Rodney, Colonel McKean, 946 00:48:17,859 --> 00:48:19,360 Dr. Franklin. 947 00:48:20,653 --> 00:48:24,949 Why have you joined this incendiary little man, 948 00:48:25,700 --> 00:48:27,785 this Boston radical, 949 00:48:29,078 --> 00:48:30,580 this agitator, 950 00:48:31,956 --> 00:48:33,500 this demagogue, 951 00:48:34,000 --> 00:48:35,668 this madman? 952 00:48:35,752 --> 00:48:38,254 Are you calling me a madman, you... 953 00:48:39,506 --> 00:48:40,924 You fribble! 954 00:48:43,092 --> 00:48:46,012 You and your Pennsylvania proprietors, 955 00:48:46,095 --> 00:48:49,057 oh, you cool, considerate men, 956 00:48:49,140 --> 00:48:51,309 you hang to the rear on every issue, 957 00:48:51,392 --> 00:48:54,771 so that if we should go under, you'll still remain afloat. 958 00:48:54,854 --> 00:48:56,689 Are you calling me a coward? 959 00:48:57,357 --> 00:48:59,025 Yes. Coward! 960 00:48:59,734 --> 00:49:00,777 Madman! 961 00:49:00,860 --> 00:49:01,945 Landlord! 962 00:49:02,028 --> 00:49:03,279 Lawyer! 963 00:49:09,744 --> 00:49:11,704 Stop it! Stop it! 964 00:49:13,498 --> 00:49:16,793 This is the Congress. Stop it, I say! 965 00:49:16,876 --> 00:49:18,127 The enemy's out there. 966 00:49:18,211 --> 00:49:19,879 No, Mr. Rodney, the enemy is here. 967 00:49:19,963 --> 00:49:22,799 No. I say he's out there. 968 00:49:22,882 --> 00:49:24,509 England. 969 00:49:24,592 --> 00:49:28,096 England closing in, cutting off our air. 970 00:49:28,179 --> 00:49:29,764 There's no time! 971 00:49:33,351 --> 00:49:34,561 No air. 972 00:49:35,895 --> 00:49:37,188 Dr. Hall. 973 00:49:41,276 --> 00:49:42,777 Colonel McKean. 974 00:49:42,860 --> 00:49:44,654 Aye. It's the cancer. 975 00:49:45,780 --> 00:49:47,657 But he should go home. 976 00:49:48,658 --> 00:49:51,869 A man should die in his own bed. 977 00:49:53,538 --> 00:49:55,748 John. John Adams. 978 00:49:55,832 --> 00:49:57,458 I'm here, Caesar. 979 00:50:00,253 --> 00:50:02,338 I leave you 980 00:50:02,422 --> 00:50:04,716 a divided Delaware. 981 00:50:05,967 --> 00:50:07,343 Forgive me. 982 00:50:08,052 --> 00:50:10,138 I'll take you home, Caesar. 983 00:50:34,954 --> 00:50:37,165 I'll be back within the week. 984 00:50:44,756 --> 00:50:48,176 Mr. President, South Carolina calls the question. 985 00:50:50,219 --> 00:50:51,429 What's that, Mr. Rutledge? 986 00:50:52,639 --> 00:50:54,682 I said, Mr. President, 987 00:50:54,766 --> 00:50:58,186 South Carolina desires to end the debate 988 00:50:59,812 --> 00:51:02,231 and calls the question of independence. 989 00:51:02,315 --> 00:51:03,399 Delaware seconds. 990 00:51:03,483 --> 00:51:04,901 Thank you. (ALL CLAMORING) 991 00:51:04,984 --> 00:51:09,030 (GAVEL POUNDING) Gentlemen, please! 992 00:51:09,113 --> 00:51:11,949 The question has been called and seconded. 993 00:51:13,034 --> 00:51:15,078 The secretary will record the vote. 994 00:51:15,161 --> 00:51:17,497 Franklin, do something. Think. 995 00:51:17,580 --> 00:51:19,582 I'm thinking, but nothing's coming. 996 00:51:19,666 --> 00:51:21,793 All those in favor of the resolution on independence 997 00:51:21,876 --> 00:51:24,420 as proposed by the colony of Virginia, signify by saying... 998 00:51:24,504 --> 00:51:26,005 Mr. Secretary. 999 00:51:26,798 --> 00:51:28,758 Will you please read the resolution again? 1000 00:51:28,841 --> 00:51:29,967 What? 1001 00:51:31,177 --> 00:51:32,345 I've forgotten it. 1002 00:51:32,428 --> 00:51:34,013 Now, Benjamin... 1003 00:51:36,516 --> 00:51:39,227 "Resolved, that these united colonies are, 1004 00:51:39,310 --> 00:51:41,938 "and of a right ought to be, free and independent..." 1005 00:51:42,021 --> 00:51:43,147 (DOOR OPENS) 1006 00:51:48,319 --> 00:51:51,906 Excuse me. Is this the Continental Congress? 1007 00:51:51,989 --> 00:51:54,575 Yes, I can see that it must be. 1008 00:51:55,785 --> 00:51:57,912 It's all right. We found it. 1009 00:51:58,413 --> 00:52:00,790 We've been looking for you everywhere, you see. 1010 00:52:00,873 --> 00:52:03,501 Someone told us that you might be at Carpenters' Hall 1011 00:52:03,584 --> 00:52:06,212 and someone else suggested Library Hall, and... 1012 00:52:06,295 --> 00:52:07,964 So, finally, we asked a constable... 1013 00:52:08,047 --> 00:52:09,132 HANCOCK: Excuse me, sir, 1014 00:52:09,215 --> 00:52:12,301 but, if you don't mind, the Congress is about to decide 1015 00:52:12,385 --> 00:52:14,387 the question of American independence. 1016 00:52:15,513 --> 00:52:17,890 Oh, how splendid. That means we're not too late. 1017 00:52:17,974 --> 00:52:20,226 These gentlemen are Mr. Francis Hopkinson, 1018 00:52:20,309 --> 00:52:24,063 Mr. Richard Stockton, and I'm the Reverend John Witherspoon. 1019 00:52:27,442 --> 00:52:29,736 We're the new delegates from New Jersey. 1020 00:52:29,986 --> 00:52:31,362 New Jersey? (ALL CLAMORING) 1021 00:52:35,575 --> 00:52:37,034 Dr. Franklin, 1022 00:52:37,493 --> 00:52:41,122 I regret that I must be the bearer of unhappy tidings, sir, 1023 00:52:41,205 --> 00:52:44,000 but your son, the royal governor of New Jersey, 1024 00:52:44,083 --> 00:52:46,002 has been taken prisoner 1025 00:52:46,085 --> 00:52:50,089 and has been moved under guard to the colony of Connecticut for safekeeping. 1026 00:52:50,173 --> 00:52:51,507 Is he unharmed, sir? 1027 00:52:51,591 --> 00:52:53,384 When last I heard, he was. Yes, sir. 1028 00:52:53,468 --> 00:52:54,469 Well, then why the long face? 1029 00:52:54,552 --> 00:52:57,180 I hear Connecticut is an excellent location. 1030 00:52:57,263 --> 00:53:00,349 Tell me. Why did they arrest the little bastard? 1031 00:53:00,767 --> 00:53:02,101 (MEN LAUGHING) 1032 00:53:02,602 --> 00:53:03,728 Our, uh... 1033 00:53:04,312 --> 00:53:07,899 New Jersey legislature has recalled the old delegation to this Congress 1034 00:53:07,982 --> 00:53:10,651 and has sent a new one. 1035 00:53:11,611 --> 00:53:13,863 Quickly, man, where do you stand on independence? 1036 00:53:13,946 --> 00:53:15,656 Well, haven't I made that clear? No. 1037 00:53:15,740 --> 00:53:17,074 Well, I suppose I haven't. 1038 00:53:17,158 --> 00:53:18,993 But that's the reason for the change. 1039 00:53:19,076 --> 00:53:21,454 See, we've been instructed to vote for independence. 1040 00:53:21,537 --> 00:53:22,872 Mr. President! 1041 00:53:22,955 --> 00:53:27,376 Massachusetts is now ready for the vote on independence, 1042 00:53:27,460 --> 00:53:29,212 and reminds the chair of its privilege 1043 00:53:29,295 --> 00:53:31,881 to decide all votes that are deadlocked. 1044 00:53:31,964 --> 00:53:33,966 I won't forget, Mr. Adams. 1045 00:53:35,426 --> 00:53:37,553 The chair takes this opportunity 1046 00:53:37,637 --> 00:53:39,388 to welcome the New Jersey delegation 1047 00:53:39,472 --> 00:53:42,809 and appoints the Reverend Witherspoon congressional chaplain 1048 00:53:42,892 --> 00:53:44,393 if he will accept the post. 1049 00:53:44,477 --> 00:53:46,437 With much pleasure, sir. 1050 00:53:48,397 --> 00:53:49,732 Very well. Mr. Thomson, 1051 00:53:49,816 --> 00:53:53,569 you may now proceed with the vote on independence. 1052 00:53:54,529 --> 00:53:56,739 All in favor of the resolution on independence 1053 00:53:56,823 --> 00:53:59,033 as proposed by the colony of Virginia, signify by saying... 1054 00:53:59,116 --> 00:54:00,159 Mr. President. 1055 00:54:01,911 --> 00:54:06,040 Pennsylvania moves that any vote in favor of independence 1056 00:54:07,458 --> 00:54:09,252 must be unanimous. 1057 00:54:09,919 --> 00:54:10,962 What? 1058 00:54:11,420 --> 00:54:12,755 I second the motion. 1059 00:54:12,839 --> 00:54:14,257 Judge Wilson! 1060 00:54:14,674 --> 00:54:16,008 Oh, my God. 1061 00:54:16,634 --> 00:54:18,302 Delaware seconds, Mr. President. 1062 00:54:18,386 --> 00:54:21,055 No vote has ever had to be unanimous, Dickinson, and you know it. 1063 00:54:21,138 --> 00:54:22,473 Yes, but this one must be. 1064 00:54:22,557 --> 00:54:23,599 On what grounds? 1065 00:54:23,683 --> 00:54:27,395 That no colony be torn from its mother country without its own consent. 1066 00:54:27,478 --> 00:54:28,855 Hear! Hear! 1067 00:54:29,272 --> 00:54:32,149 But it will never be unanimous, damn it. 1068 00:54:33,150 --> 00:54:35,361 If you say so, Mr. Adams. 1069 00:54:37,238 --> 00:54:40,408 It has been moved and seconded that the vote on independence 1070 00:54:40,491 --> 00:54:42,785 must be unanimous in order to carry. 1071 00:54:42,869 --> 00:54:45,371 All those in favor, signify by saying yea. 1072 00:54:45,454 --> 00:54:46,455 ALL: Yea! 1073 00:54:46,539 --> 00:54:51,043 One, two, three, four, five, six. 1074 00:54:51,127 --> 00:54:53,421 Six colonies say yea. Against? 1075 00:54:53,504 --> 00:54:54,589 MEN: Nay! 1076 00:54:54,672 --> 00:54:59,051 One, two, three, four, five, six. 1077 00:54:59,302 --> 00:55:01,095 Six colonies say nay. 1078 00:55:02,138 --> 00:55:06,809 Mr. Secretary, New York abstains courteously. 1079 00:55:06,893 --> 00:55:11,314 Mr. Morris, why does New York constantly abstain? 1080 00:55:11,397 --> 00:55:14,317 Why doesn't New York simply stay in New York? 1081 00:55:15,735 --> 00:55:17,862 Very well. The vote is tied. 1082 00:55:19,113 --> 00:55:20,781 The principles of independence 1083 00:55:20,865 --> 00:55:22,533 have no greater advocate in Congress 1084 00:55:22,617 --> 00:55:24,368 than its president. 1085 00:55:24,911 --> 00:55:28,247 That is why I must join those who vote for unanimity. 1086 00:55:28,998 --> 00:55:31,459 Good God, John! What are you doing? You've sunk us. 1087 00:55:31,542 --> 00:55:33,252 Now, hear me out. 1088 00:55:33,336 --> 00:55:35,838 Don't you see that any colony who opposes independence 1089 00:55:35,922 --> 00:55:37,673 will be forced to fight on the side of England? 1090 00:55:37,757 --> 00:55:40,509 That we'll be setting brother against brother, 1091 00:55:40,593 --> 00:55:44,430 that our new nation will carry as its emblem the mark of Cain. 1092 00:55:45,264 --> 00:55:46,891 I can see no other way. 1093 00:55:46,974 --> 00:55:51,103 Either we all walk together, or together we must stay where we are. 1094 00:55:53,147 --> 00:55:54,857 The man's from Massachusetts. 1095 00:55:54,941 --> 00:55:57,151 HANCOCK: Very well. Proceed, Mr. Thomson. 1096 00:55:57,234 --> 00:55:59,820 THOMSON: A unanimous vote being necessary to carry, 1097 00:55:59,904 --> 00:56:02,406 if any be opposed to the resolution on independence 1098 00:56:02,490 --> 00:56:04,617 as proposed by the colony of Virginia, signify by... 1099 00:56:04,700 --> 00:56:05,701 Mr. President. 1100 00:56:05,785 --> 00:56:08,412 Oh, for heaven's sake, let me get through it once. 1101 00:56:08,496 --> 00:56:09,997 Mr. President. 1102 00:56:11,290 --> 00:56:12,792 I move for a postponement. 1103 00:56:12,875 --> 00:56:14,043 Postponement? 1104 00:56:14,126 --> 00:56:16,003 I wish you the same luck I had with it. 1105 00:56:16,087 --> 00:56:18,047 Mr. Adams is right. We need a postponement. 1106 00:56:18,130 --> 00:56:19,423 On what grounds? 1107 00:56:19,507 --> 00:56:21,133 On what grounds? 1108 00:56:21,676 --> 00:56:25,972 Mr. President, how can this Congress vote on independence 1109 00:56:26,055 --> 00:56:30,935 without a written declaration of some sort defining it? 1110 00:56:32,645 --> 00:56:34,563 What sort of declaration? 1111 00:56:36,148 --> 00:56:40,236 Ah, well, you know, listing the reasons for the separation, 1112 00:56:40,319 --> 00:56:43,322 our purposes, goals, so forth, so on. 1113 00:56:43,406 --> 00:56:44,407 Ditto, Ditto. 1114 00:56:44,490 --> 00:56:45,783 Ditto, ditto, et cetera, et cetera. 1115 00:56:45,866 --> 00:56:47,368 We know those, don't we? 1116 00:56:49,704 --> 00:56:51,831 Oh, yes, good God, we know them, 1117 00:56:52,832 --> 00:56:55,084 but what about the rest of the world? 1118 00:56:55,167 --> 00:56:57,586 Certainly we require the assistance 1119 00:56:57,670 --> 00:57:01,257 of a powerful nation such as France or Spain. 1120 00:57:01,340 --> 00:57:02,925 And such a written declaration 1121 00:57:03,009 --> 00:57:05,845 would be consistent with European delicacy. 1122 00:57:07,346 --> 00:57:10,599 Come now, Mr. Adams. You'll have to do better than that. 1123 00:57:10,683 --> 00:57:13,602 Answer straight. What would be its purpose? 1124 00:57:14,562 --> 00:57:16,605 Yes. Well... 1125 00:57:19,442 --> 00:57:23,571 To place before mankind the common sense of the subject 1126 00:57:24,488 --> 00:57:27,199 in terms so plain and firm 1127 00:57:27,825 --> 00:57:29,910 as to command their assent. 1128 00:57:36,542 --> 00:57:37,543 (CHUCKLING) 1129 00:57:37,626 --> 00:57:40,796 Mr. Jefferson, are you seriously suggesting 1130 00:57:40,880 --> 00:57:43,841 that we publish a paper declaring to all the world 1131 00:57:43,924 --> 00:57:48,220 that an illegal rebellion is, in reality, a legal one? 1132 00:57:48,304 --> 00:57:51,140 Mr. Dickinson, I'm surprised at you. 1133 00:57:51,223 --> 00:57:53,976 You should know that rebellion is always legal in the first person, 1134 00:57:54,060 --> 00:57:55,770 such as "our rebellion." 1135 00:57:55,853 --> 00:57:56,979 It's only in the third person, 1136 00:57:57,063 --> 00:57:58,814 "their rebellion," that it is illegal. 1137 00:58:01,108 --> 00:58:03,319 Mr. President, I second the motion 1138 00:58:03,402 --> 00:58:05,154 to postpone the vote on independence 1139 00:58:05,237 --> 00:58:09,075 for a period of time sufficient for the writing of a declaration. 1140 00:58:09,408 --> 00:58:11,410 It has been moved and seconded. Mr. Thomson. 1141 00:58:11,494 --> 00:58:14,997 All those in favor of the motion to postpone, signify by saying yea. 1142 00:58:15,081 --> 00:58:16,582 MEN: Yea! 1143 00:58:16,665 --> 00:58:20,920 One, two, three, four, five, six. 1144 00:58:21,003 --> 00:58:22,963 Six colonies say yea. Against? 1145 00:58:23,047 --> 00:58:24,048 MEN: Nay! 1146 00:58:24,131 --> 00:58:28,385 One, two, three, four, five, six. 1147 00:58:28,803 --> 00:58:30,596 Six colonies say nay. 1148 00:58:33,015 --> 00:58:36,811 Mr. Secretary, New York abstains courteously. 1149 00:58:41,440 --> 00:58:44,902 Mr. Morris, what in hell goes on in New York? 1150 00:58:45,903 --> 00:58:49,448 I'm sorry, Mr. President, but the simple fact is that 1151 00:58:49,532 --> 00:58:53,953 our legislature has never sent us explicit instructions on anything. 1152 00:58:54,995 --> 00:58:56,163 Never? 1153 00:58:57,498 --> 00:58:59,166 That's impossible. 1154 00:59:00,835 --> 00:59:03,129 Mr. President, have you ever been present 1155 00:59:03,212 --> 00:59:05,840 at a meeting of the New York legislature? 1156 00:59:06,423 --> 00:59:08,676 They speak very fast and very loud, 1157 00:59:08,759 --> 00:59:11,303 and nobody listens to anybody else 1158 00:59:11,387 --> 00:59:14,306 with the result that nothing ever gets done. 1159 00:59:16,892 --> 00:59:18,978 I beg the Congress' pardon. 1160 00:59:21,272 --> 00:59:23,315 My sympathies, Mr. Morris. 1161 00:59:23,983 --> 00:59:27,736 The vote again being tied, the chair decides in favor of postponement. 1162 00:59:27,820 --> 00:59:29,572 So ruled. 1163 00:59:29,655 --> 00:59:31,740 A committee will now be formed to manage the declaration. 1164 00:59:31,824 --> 00:59:34,785 Said document to be written, debated, approved by the beginning of July, 1165 00:59:34,869 --> 00:59:36,620 some three weeks hence. 1166 00:59:36,704 --> 00:59:39,039 At which time, Virginia's resolution 1167 00:59:39,123 --> 00:59:41,584 on independence will finally be voted. 1168 00:59:41,667 --> 00:59:43,169 Is that clear? (SOUNDS OF APPROVAL) 1169 00:59:44,003 --> 00:59:45,629 Very well. Will the following gentlemen 1170 00:59:45,713 --> 00:59:47,256 serve on the Declaration Committee, 1171 00:59:47,339 --> 00:59:49,091 Dr. Franklin? Gladly. 1172 00:59:49,466 --> 00:59:51,343 Mr. John Adams? Yes. 1173 00:59:51,468 --> 00:59:52,553 Mr. Sherman? 1174 00:59:53,554 --> 00:59:55,347 Mr. Livingston? Right. 1175 00:59:55,431 --> 00:59:57,308 And, of course, Mr. Lee. 1176 00:59:57,850 --> 00:59:59,935 Oh, excuse me, but I must be returning 1177 01:00:00,019 --> 01:00:01,645 to the sovereign colony of Virginia 1178 01:00:01,729 --> 01:00:04,148 as I have been asked to serve as governor. 1179 01:00:04,231 --> 01:00:07,860 And therefore I must decline respectful-Lee. 1180 01:00:09,486 --> 01:00:11,155 (LAUGHING) 1181 01:00:12,698 --> 01:00:14,825 Very well, Mr. Lee, you're excused then. 1182 01:00:14,909 --> 01:00:17,411 I suppose we could leave it a four-man committee. 1183 01:00:17,494 --> 01:00:19,788 Just a moment. This business needs a Virginian. 1184 01:00:19,872 --> 01:00:21,498 Therefore I propose a replacement. 1185 01:00:21,582 --> 01:00:23,375 Mr. Thomas Jefferson. No. Mr. Adams... 1186 01:00:23,459 --> 01:00:25,628 Very well, Mr. Adams. Mr. Jefferson will serve. 1187 01:00:25,711 --> 01:00:27,296 I'm going home, too, to my wife. 1188 01:00:27,379 --> 01:00:28,380 Move to adjourn! 1189 01:00:28,464 --> 01:00:29,548 Wait. I second. 1190 01:00:29,632 --> 01:00:33,302 Mr. Hancock, I haven't seen her for six months. 1191 01:00:33,385 --> 01:00:35,262 Moved and seconded. Any objections? 1192 01:00:35,346 --> 01:00:37,431 I have objections. I have lots of objections. 1193 01:00:37,514 --> 01:00:39,725 So ruled! Congress stands adjourned! 1194 01:00:39,808 --> 01:00:42,144 John, I need to see my wife. 1195 01:00:42,228 --> 01:00:43,854 It's all right. Come along, come along. 1196 01:00:43,938 --> 01:00:45,898 No. I'm going home tonight. 1197 01:00:45,981 --> 01:00:47,566 Of course you are. Of course. 1198 01:00:47,650 --> 01:00:50,527 McNair, some rum up to my office. 1199 01:00:51,487 --> 01:00:54,073 Oh, don't worry, Tom. 1200 01:00:54,156 --> 01:00:55,824 Let me handle it. 1201 01:00:55,908 --> 01:00:57,743 I'll get Adams to write it. 1202 01:00:57,826 --> 01:01:00,204 I don't know. He had a funny look on his face. 1203 01:01:00,287 --> 01:01:01,413 He always does. 1204 01:01:01,497 --> 01:01:02,790 JOHN: All right, gentlemen, 1205 01:01:02,873 --> 01:01:04,458 let's get on with it. 1206 01:01:04,541 --> 01:01:07,544 Which of us will write our Declaration of Independence? 1207 01:01:09,213 --> 01:01:12,216 ♪ Mr. Adams, I say you should write it 1208 01:01:13,092 --> 01:01:15,719 ♪ To your legal mind and brilliance we defer 1209 01:01:15,803 --> 01:01:19,056 ♪ Is that so? Well, if I'm the one to do it 1210 01:01:19,139 --> 01:01:21,016 ♪ They'll run their quill pens through it 1211 01:01:21,100 --> 01:01:23,602 ♪ I'm obnoxious and disliked You know that, sir 1212 01:01:23,686 --> 01:01:24,687 ♪ Yes, I know 1213 01:01:24,770 --> 01:01:27,481 ♪ But I say you should write it, Franklin, yes you 1214 01:01:27,564 --> 01:01:28,649 ♪ Hell no! 1215 01:01:28,732 --> 01:01:31,318 ♪ Yes, you, Dr. Franklin, you 1216 01:01:31,402 --> 01:01:32,403 ♪ But... ♪ You! 1217 01:01:32,486 --> 01:01:33,529 ♪ But... ♪ You! 1218 01:01:33,612 --> 01:01:35,155 ♪ But... 1219 01:01:37,283 --> 01:01:40,494 ♪ Mr. Adams, but, Mr. Adams 1220 01:01:40,953 --> 01:01:44,206 ♪ The things I write are only light extemporanea 1221 01:01:44,290 --> 01:01:48,168 ♪ I won't put politics on paper, it's a mania 1222 01:01:48,252 --> 01:01:52,089 ♪ So I refuse to use the pen in Pennsylvania 1223 01:01:52,172 --> 01:01:53,882 ♪ Pennsylvania 1224 01:01:53,966 --> 01:01:56,051 ♪ Pennsylvania 1225 01:01:56,135 --> 01:01:59,471 ♪ Refuse to use the pen 1226 01:02:10,733 --> 01:02:14,111 ♪ Mr. Sherman, I say you should write it 1227 01:02:14,194 --> 01:02:16,905 ♪ You are never controversial as it were 1228 01:02:16,989 --> 01:02:18,032 ♪ That is true 1229 01:02:18,115 --> 01:02:20,159 ♪ Whereas if I'm the one to do it 1230 01:02:20,242 --> 01:02:21,952 ♪ They'll run their quill pens through it 1231 01:02:22,036 --> 01:02:24,413 ♪ I'm obnoxious and disliked You know that, sir 1232 01:02:24,496 --> 01:02:25,497 ♪ Yes, I do 1233 01:02:25,581 --> 01:02:28,083 ♪ So I say you should write it, Roger, yes, you 1234 01:02:28,167 --> 01:02:29,418 ♪ Good heavens, no 1235 01:02:29,501 --> 01:02:31,545 ♪ Yes, you, Roger Sherman 1236 01:02:31,628 --> 01:02:32,629 ♪ You! ♪ But... 1237 01:02:32,713 --> 01:02:33,714 ♪ You! ♪ But... 1238 01:02:33,797 --> 01:02:36,216 ♪ You! ♪ But... 1239 01:02:37,760 --> 01:02:41,180 ♪ Mr. Adams, but, Mr. Adams 1240 01:02:41,263 --> 01:02:45,059 ♪ I cannot write with any style or proper etiquette 1241 01:02:45,142 --> 01:02:48,604 ♪ I don't know a participle from a predicate 1242 01:02:48,687 --> 01:02:51,690 ♪ I am just a simple cobbler from Connecticut 1243 01:02:52,566 --> 01:02:54,401 ♪ Connecticut 1244 01:02:54,485 --> 01:02:56,111 ♪ Connecticut 1245 01:02:56,195 --> 01:02:59,948 ♪ A simple cobbler, he 1246 01:03:08,248 --> 01:03:09,416 Ah. 1247 01:03:10,667 --> 01:03:14,046 ♪ Mr. Livingston, maybe you should write it 1248 01:03:14,129 --> 01:03:16,757 ♪ You have many friends and you're a diplomat 1249 01:03:16,840 --> 01:03:17,841 ♪ Oh, that word 1250 01:03:17,925 --> 01:03:19,843 ♪ Whereas if I'm the one to do it 1251 01:03:19,927 --> 01:03:21,512 ♪ They'll run their quill pens through it 1252 01:03:21,595 --> 01:03:24,014 ♪ He's obnoxious and disliked Did you know that? 1253 01:03:24,098 --> 01:03:25,140 ♪ I hadn't heard 1254 01:03:25,224 --> 01:03:27,768 ♪ So I say you should write it, Robert, yes, you 1255 01:03:27,893 --> 01:03:28,936 ♪ Not me, Johnny 1256 01:03:29,019 --> 01:03:31,146 ♪ Yes, you, Robert Livingston 1257 01:03:31,230 --> 01:03:32,231 ♪ You! ♪ But... 1258 01:03:32,314 --> 01:03:33,315 ♪ You! ♪ But... 1259 01:03:33,399 --> 01:03:36,860 ♪ You! ♪ But... 1260 01:03:38,028 --> 01:03:41,323 ♪ Mr. Adams, dear Mr. Adams 1261 01:03:41,407 --> 01:03:44,993 ♪ I've been presented with a new son by the noble stork 1262 01:03:45,077 --> 01:03:48,539 ♪ So I am going home to celebrate and pop the cork 1263 01:03:48,622 --> 01:03:52,543 ♪ With all the Livingstons together back in old New York 1264 01:03:52,626 --> 01:03:54,128 ♪ New York 1265 01:03:54,545 --> 01:03:56,380 ♪ New York 1266 01:03:56,463 --> 01:04:02,302 ♪ Livingston's going to pop a cork 1267 01:04:12,604 --> 01:04:14,982 ♪ Mr. Adams 1268 01:04:15,065 --> 01:04:18,485 ♪ Leave me alone ♪ 1269 01:04:20,487 --> 01:04:22,698 Mr. Jefferson... Mr. Adams, I beg of you. 1270 01:04:22,781 --> 01:04:26,243 I've not seen my wife these past six months. 1271 01:04:26,326 --> 01:04:29,830 "And we solemnly declare that we will preserve our liberties, 1272 01:04:29,913 --> 01:04:34,751 "being with one mind resolved to die free men rather than to live slaves." 1273 01:04:34,835 --> 01:04:39,798 Thomas Jefferson, "On the Necessity of Taking Up Arms," 1775. 1274 01:04:39,882 --> 01:04:41,049 Magnificent. 1275 01:04:41,800 --> 01:04:44,887 You write 10 times better than any man in Congress, 1276 01:04:44,970 --> 01:04:46,680 including me. 1277 01:04:46,763 --> 01:04:48,849 For a man of only 33 years, 1278 01:04:48,932 --> 01:04:52,519 you possess a happy talent for composition 1279 01:04:52,603 --> 01:04:55,481 and a remarkable felicity of expression. 1280 01:04:56,273 --> 01:04:59,401 Now, then, sir. Will you be a patriot 1281 01:04:59,485 --> 01:05:00,819 or a lover? 1282 01:05:02,529 --> 01:05:03,780 A lover. 1283 01:05:04,573 --> 01:05:06,074 No. 1284 01:05:06,158 --> 01:05:08,202 But I burn, Mr. A. 1285 01:05:08,285 --> 01:05:10,454 So do I, Mr. J. 1286 01:05:11,288 --> 01:05:12,956 You? You do? 1287 01:05:13,040 --> 01:05:14,541 John. Who'd have thought it? 1288 01:05:16,543 --> 01:05:18,587 ♪ Mr. Jefferson 1289 01:05:18,670 --> 01:05:21,006 ♪ Dear Mr. Jefferson 1290 01:05:21,757 --> 01:05:26,762 ♪ I'm only 41, I still have my virility 1291 01:05:27,513 --> 01:05:32,184 ♪ And I can romp through Cupid's grove with great agility 1292 01:05:33,519 --> 01:05:38,774 ♪ But life is more than sexual combustibility 1293 01:05:38,857 --> 01:05:39,942 Jefferson, stop right there. 1294 01:05:40,025 --> 01:05:41,109 ♪ 'Bustability 1295 01:05:41,193 --> 01:05:43,278 ♪ 'Bustability 1296 01:05:43,362 --> 01:05:44,780 ♪ Combustibili... ♪ 1297 01:05:44,863 --> 01:05:46,198 Quiet! 1298 01:05:50,536 --> 01:05:52,663 Now, you'll write it, Mr. J. 1299 01:05:53,205 --> 01:05:55,207 Who will make me, Mr. A.? 1300 01:05:56,124 --> 01:05:57,125 I. 1301 01:05:58,043 --> 01:05:59,127 You? 1302 01:05:59,711 --> 01:06:00,879 Yes. 1303 01:06:05,008 --> 01:06:06,051 How? 1304 01:06:07,844 --> 01:06:10,722 By physical force, if necessary. 1305 01:06:11,723 --> 01:06:14,393 It's your duty, damn it. Your duty! 1306 01:06:16,645 --> 01:06:18,939 ♪ Mr. Adams 1307 01:06:19,022 --> 01:06:21,275 ♪ Damn you, Mr. Adams 1308 01:06:22,484 --> 01:06:25,237 ♪ You're obnoxious and disliked 1309 01:06:25,320 --> 01:06:27,656 ♪ That cannot be denied 1310 01:06:28,365 --> 01:06:34,329 ♪ Once again you stand between me and my lovely bride 1311 01:06:34,413 --> 01:06:37,916 ♪ Lovely bride 1312 01:06:39,668 --> 01:06:45,007 ♪ Oh, Mr. Adams, you are driving me to homicide ♪ 1313 01:06:45,090 --> 01:06:46,174 Jefferson, stop right there! 1314 01:06:46,258 --> 01:06:47,259 ♪ Homicide 1315 01:06:47,342 --> 01:06:48,343 ♪ Homicide ♪ 1316 01:06:48,427 --> 01:06:49,886 Quiet! 1317 01:06:55,309 --> 01:06:57,269 The decision is yours, Mr. Jefferson. 1318 01:06:57,352 --> 01:06:59,271 Do as you like with it. 1319 01:07:03,275 --> 01:07:09,906 ♪ We may see murder yet ♪ 1320 01:07:18,915 --> 01:07:20,375 Damn the man. 1321 01:07:23,337 --> 01:07:24,963 God damn the man. 1322 01:08:12,886 --> 01:08:14,054 Sorry. 1323 01:08:16,890 --> 01:08:19,643 Pardon me, sir. Step aside. Step aside. 1324 01:08:20,477 --> 01:08:22,354 How are you? Franklin. 1325 01:08:28,985 --> 01:08:30,320 Jefferson! 1326 01:08:33,532 --> 01:08:34,866 Jefferson! 1327 01:08:37,327 --> 01:08:38,620 What is that racket? 1328 01:08:38,704 --> 01:08:40,789 Latest thing from Europe, John. It's called music. 1329 01:08:40,872 --> 01:08:44,334 I came here hoping to hear a pen scratching, not a bow. 1330 01:08:46,712 --> 01:08:49,131 Jefferson! I know you're in there! 1331 01:08:50,841 --> 01:08:53,427 Ah! Jefferson, are you finished? 1332 01:08:55,387 --> 01:08:57,389 Well, is it written yet? 1333 01:09:00,267 --> 01:09:02,811 Well, you've had a whole week, man. 1334 01:09:02,894 --> 01:09:04,271 Is it done? 1335 01:09:06,022 --> 01:09:07,482 Can I see it? 1336 01:09:15,073 --> 01:09:17,534 "There comes a time in the lives of men when it becomes necessary 1337 01:09:17,617 --> 01:09:19,327 "to advance from that subordination 1338 01:09:19,411 --> 01:09:20,829 "in which they have hitherto..." 1339 01:09:20,912 --> 01:09:22,581 This is terrible. 1340 01:09:23,248 --> 01:09:24,249 Where's the rest of it? 1341 01:09:30,547 --> 01:09:33,925 Do you mean to say that it is not yet finished? 1342 01:09:34,843 --> 01:09:36,011 No, sir. 1343 01:09:36,094 --> 01:09:38,722 I mean to say that it's not yet begun. 1344 01:09:39,431 --> 01:09:40,974 Good God! 1345 01:09:42,309 --> 01:09:43,769 A whole week. 1346 01:09:44,895 --> 01:09:47,939 The entire Earth was created in a week. 1347 01:09:51,610 --> 01:09:55,155 Someday you must tell me how you did it. 1348 01:09:58,200 --> 01:09:59,951 Disgusting. 1349 01:10:00,869 --> 01:10:02,454 Look at him, Franklin. 1350 01:10:02,537 --> 01:10:04,748 Virginia's most famous lover. 1351 01:10:05,665 --> 01:10:07,334 Virginia abstains. 1352 01:10:11,338 --> 01:10:13,173 Well, cheer up, Jefferson. 1353 01:10:13,256 --> 01:10:15,175 Get out of the dumps. It'll come out all right, I assure you. 1354 01:10:15,258 --> 01:10:17,636 Now, get back to work. 1355 01:10:18,386 --> 01:10:21,014 Franklin, tell him to get back to work. 1356 01:10:21,097 --> 01:10:22,849 I think he's asleep. 1357 01:10:23,683 --> 01:10:24,810 (SNORING) 1358 01:10:25,936 --> 01:10:27,604 Wake up, Franklin! 1359 01:10:31,942 --> 01:10:35,153 Hello! And whose little girl are you? 1360 01:10:38,949 --> 01:10:40,742 John, who is she? 1361 01:10:40,826 --> 01:10:42,244 JOHN: His wife. 1362 01:10:43,328 --> 01:10:44,496 I hope. 1363 01:10:46,039 --> 01:10:47,707 What makes you think so? 1364 01:10:47,791 --> 01:10:49,668 Because I sent for her. 1365 01:10:50,794 --> 01:10:51,837 You what? 1366 01:10:51,920 --> 01:10:53,088 Well, it simply occurred to me that 1367 01:10:53,171 --> 01:10:54,464 the sooner his problem was solved, 1368 01:10:54,548 --> 01:10:56,591 the sooner our problem is solved. 1369 01:10:56,675 --> 01:10:59,427 That's good thinking, John. Good thinking. 1370 01:10:59,511 --> 01:11:02,514 Madam, may I present myself? John Adams. 1371 01:11:05,559 --> 01:11:06,685 Adams. 1372 01:11:08,353 --> 01:11:09,729 John Adams. 1373 01:11:11,022 --> 01:11:13,191 Oh, and Dr. Franklin. 1374 01:11:15,485 --> 01:11:17,612 The inventor of the stove. 1375 01:11:22,200 --> 01:11:25,036 Jefferson, kindly present me to your wife. 1376 01:11:27,914 --> 01:11:29,916 She is your wife, isn't she? 1377 01:11:30,000 --> 01:11:31,751 Well, of course she is. Look at the way they fit. 1378 01:11:35,046 --> 01:11:36,381 Come along, John, come along. 1379 01:11:36,464 --> 01:11:37,966 Franklin, where are you going? 1380 01:11:38,049 --> 01:11:39,134 Come along, John. 1381 01:11:39,718 --> 01:11:41,553 Come along where? There's work to be done. 1382 01:11:41,636 --> 01:11:42,971 Obviously. 1383 01:11:43,680 --> 01:11:46,766 Good God. You don't mean to say that... 1384 01:11:48,018 --> 01:11:50,312 I mean, they're not going to... 1385 01:11:51,104 --> 01:11:53,732 In the middle of the afternoon? 1386 01:11:53,815 --> 01:11:56,234 Not everybody's from Boston, John. 1387 01:11:57,402 --> 01:11:59,154 Incredible. 1388 01:11:59,237 --> 01:12:01,823 Well, goodbye, John. Uh... Uh... 1389 01:12:01,907 --> 01:12:03,408 Franklin? 1390 01:12:04,534 --> 01:12:06,328 Have you eaten? Not yet, but... 1391 01:12:06,411 --> 01:12:08,330 I understand the turkey's fresh at Bunch of Grapes. 1392 01:12:08,580 --> 01:12:11,499 Well, the fact is I have a rendezvous, John. 1393 01:12:11,583 --> 01:12:14,753 I'd ask you along, but talking makes her nervous. 1394 01:12:17,464 --> 01:12:19,007 Yes, of course. 1395 01:12:38,860 --> 01:12:40,278 Incredible. 1396 01:12:41,529 --> 01:12:42,656 (SCOFFS) 1397 01:12:48,286 --> 01:12:49,537 Abigail? 1398 01:12:50,872 --> 01:12:52,874 I'm very lonely, Abigail. 1399 01:12:53,625 --> 01:12:55,001 Are you, John? 1400 01:12:55,085 --> 01:12:56,795 As long as you were sending for wives, 1401 01:12:56,878 --> 01:12:58,546 why didn't you send for your own? 1402 01:12:58,630 --> 01:13:01,549 Oh, now, don't be unreasonable, Abigail. 1403 01:13:01,633 --> 01:13:03,468 Now I'm unreasonable. 1404 01:13:03,802 --> 01:13:06,137 You must add that to your list. 1405 01:13:07,305 --> 01:13:08,723 List? 1406 01:13:08,807 --> 01:13:11,977 The catalog of my faults you included in your last letter. 1407 01:13:13,603 --> 01:13:17,190 Oh, they were fondly intended, madam. 1408 01:13:17,273 --> 01:13:18,900 That I play at cards badly? 1409 01:13:18,984 --> 01:13:20,402 A compliment. 1410 01:13:20,485 --> 01:13:22,278 That my posture is crooked? 1411 01:13:22,904 --> 01:13:24,906 An endearment. 1412 01:13:24,990 --> 01:13:26,866 That I read, write and think too much? 1413 01:13:26,950 --> 01:13:28,994 An irony. 1414 01:13:29,077 --> 01:13:30,453 That I'm pigeon-toed? 1415 01:13:33,123 --> 01:13:35,542 Well, now there you have me, Abby. 1416 01:13:37,168 --> 01:13:39,045 I'm afraid you are pigeon-toed. 1417 01:13:41,464 --> 01:13:45,385 Please. Come to Philadelphia. Please come. 1418 01:13:45,927 --> 01:13:48,054 Oh, thank you, John. 1419 01:13:48,138 --> 01:13:50,598 I do want to, but you know now it's not possible. 1420 01:13:50,682 --> 01:13:51,850 The children have the measles. 1421 01:13:52,642 --> 01:13:54,102 So you wrote. 1422 01:13:55,854 --> 01:13:57,272 Tom and little Abby. 1423 01:13:57,814 --> 01:14:00,191 Only now it's Quincy and Charles. 1424 01:14:02,610 --> 01:14:05,864 And it appears the farm here in Braintree is failing, John. 1425 01:14:07,240 --> 01:14:09,993 The chickens and the geese have all died. 1426 01:14:10,452 --> 01:14:13,496 The apples never survived the late frost. 1427 01:14:15,248 --> 01:14:18,084 How do you suppose she managed to get away? 1428 01:14:19,127 --> 01:14:21,921 Well, the winters are softer in Virginia. 1429 01:14:22,505 --> 01:14:24,382 And their women, John? 1430 01:14:25,550 --> 01:14:26,885 Fit for Virginians, madam, 1431 01:14:26,968 --> 01:14:30,305 but pale, puny things beside New England girls. 1432 01:14:30,930 --> 01:14:32,098 John. 1433 01:14:33,892 --> 01:14:35,685 I thank you for that. 1434 01:14:39,647 --> 01:14:42,233 Abigail, how goes it with you? 1435 01:14:42,817 --> 01:14:45,028 Not well, John. Not at all well. 1436 01:14:46,362 --> 01:14:49,949 ♪ I live like a nun in a cloister 1437 01:14:50,033 --> 01:14:54,162 ♪ Solitary, celibate I hate it ♪ 1438 01:14:54,245 --> 01:14:55,997 And you, John? Ugh! 1439 01:14:56,081 --> 01:15:00,210 ♪ I live like a monk in an abbey 1440 01:15:00,293 --> 01:15:02,712 ♪ Ditto, ditto I hate it 1441 01:15:04,130 --> 01:15:11,054 ♪ Write to me with sentimental effusion 1442 01:15:12,097 --> 01:15:18,770 ♪ Let me revel in romantic illusion 1443 01:15:20,772 --> 01:15:27,487 ♪ Do you still smell of vanilla and spring air? 1444 01:15:29,280 --> 01:15:32,992 ♪ And is my favorite lover's pillow 1445 01:15:33,076 --> 01:15:36,454 ♪ Still firm and fair? 1446 01:15:37,664 --> 01:15:43,044 ♪ What was there, John 1447 01:15:43,128 --> 01:15:49,759 ♪ Still is there, John 1448 01:15:50,927 --> 01:15:55,056 ♪ Come soon as you can to my cloister 1449 01:15:55,140 --> 01:15:59,519 ♪ I've forgotten the feel of your hand 1450 01:15:59,978 --> 01:16:04,691 ♪ Soon, madam, we shall walk in Cupid's grove together 1451 01:16:04,774 --> 01:16:11,114 ♪ And we'll fondly survey ♪ And we'll fondly survey 1452 01:16:11,197 --> 01:16:17,579 ♪ That promised land ♪ That promised land 1453 01:16:18,580 --> 01:16:23,001 ♪ Till then, till then ♪ Till then, till then 1454 01:16:23,084 --> 01:16:28,673 ♪ I am as I ever was ♪ I am as I ever was 1455 01:16:28,756 --> 01:16:33,261 ♪ And ever shall be ♪ And ever shall be 1456 01:16:33,344 --> 01:16:35,763 ♪ Yours ♪ Yours 1457 01:16:35,847 --> 01:16:37,932 ♪ Yours ♪ Yours 1458 01:16:38,224 --> 01:16:40,685 ♪ Yours ♪ Yours 1459 01:16:40,768 --> 01:16:43,354 ♪ Yours ♪ Yours 1460 01:16:43,730 --> 01:16:47,275 ♪ Yours ♪ Yours 1461 01:16:47,859 --> 01:16:50,028 ♪ Saltpeter 1462 01:16:51,196 --> 01:16:54,240 ♪ John ♪ 1463 01:17:04,042 --> 01:17:05,710 John? 1464 01:17:05,793 --> 01:17:06,794 John! Hmm? 1465 01:17:06,878 --> 01:17:07,962 What? 1466 01:17:08,046 --> 01:17:09,005 What are you doing down here? 1467 01:17:09,088 --> 01:17:11,049 I thought you'd be up there, cracking the whip. 1468 01:17:11,132 --> 01:17:14,427 Oh, well, the shutters are still closed. 1469 01:17:15,720 --> 01:17:17,555 My word! So they are. 1470 01:17:19,933 --> 01:17:21,059 Well, as the French say... 1471 01:17:21,142 --> 01:17:23,186 Oh, please, Franklin! 1472 01:17:23,269 --> 01:17:26,606 Spare me your bawdy mind first thing in the morning. 1473 01:17:27,815 --> 01:17:28,900 Dare we call? 1474 01:17:29,108 --> 01:17:31,319 A congressman dares anything. 1475 01:17:31,402 --> 01:17:33,238 Go ahead. Me? 1476 01:17:33,321 --> 01:17:35,448 Your voice is more piercing. 1477 01:17:37,867 --> 01:17:40,411 Oh, John, look at her. Just look at her. 1478 01:17:40,495 --> 01:17:41,704 JOHN: I am. 1479 01:17:41,788 --> 01:17:44,707 She's even more magnificent than I remember. 1480 01:17:46,209 --> 01:17:47,835 Of course, we didn't see much of her front last night. 1481 01:17:47,919 --> 01:17:48,920 (SHUSHING) 1482 01:17:49,003 --> 01:17:50,255 Good morrow, madam. 1483 01:17:50,338 --> 01:17:51,756 Good morrow. 1484 01:17:54,300 --> 01:17:56,469 Is it the habit in Philadelphia for strangers 1485 01:17:56,552 --> 01:17:58,221 to shout at ladies from the street? 1486 01:17:58,304 --> 01:17:59,514 Not really, but... 1487 01:17:59,597 --> 01:18:04,060 And for men of your age it is not only unseemly, it is unsightly. 1488 01:18:05,270 --> 01:18:08,481 Uh, excuse me, madam, but we met last evening. 1489 01:18:09,607 --> 01:18:11,276 I spoke to no one last evening. 1490 01:18:11,359 --> 01:18:12,610 Indeed, you did not. 1491 01:18:12,694 --> 01:18:15,363 Nonetheless, we did present ourselves. 1492 01:18:15,446 --> 01:18:18,408 This is Mr. John Adams. I'm Dr. Benjamin Franklin. 1493 01:18:19,826 --> 01:18:21,244 The inventor of the stove. 1494 01:18:23,288 --> 01:18:26,624 Please! I know your names very well, but... 1495 01:18:26,708 --> 01:18:29,127 Well, you said you presented yourselves last night? 1496 01:18:29,210 --> 01:18:31,963 It's of no matter. Your thoughts were well-taken elsewhere. 1497 01:18:32,880 --> 01:18:33,923 Oh. 1498 01:18:35,049 --> 01:18:36,968 My husband is not yet up. 1499 01:18:37,051 --> 01:18:39,470 Well, then shall we start over again? Won't you join us? 1500 01:18:40,305 --> 01:18:42,056 Yes, of course. 1501 01:18:44,309 --> 01:18:45,768 Well, no wonder the man couldn't write. 1502 01:18:45,852 --> 01:18:47,812 Who would think of independence married to her? 1503 01:18:47,895 --> 01:18:49,022 I feel an absolute fool. 1504 01:18:49,105 --> 01:18:50,148 That's good for you, John. 1505 01:18:50,231 --> 01:18:52,150 I tell you, Franklin, it's positively indecent. 1506 01:18:52,233 --> 01:18:53,735 John, they're young and they're in love. 1507 01:18:53,818 --> 01:18:55,903 Not them, Franklin. Us. 1508 01:18:55,987 --> 01:18:59,157 Standing down here, waiting for them to, uh... 1509 01:19:00,325 --> 01:19:02,201 Well, what will people think? 1510 01:19:02,285 --> 01:19:05,580 Don't worry, John. The history books will clean it up. 1511 01:19:05,663 --> 01:19:06,831 Well, it doesn't matter. 1512 01:19:07,165 --> 01:19:10,585 I'll not appear in the history books anyway. Only you. 1513 01:19:10,668 --> 01:19:13,087 Franklin did this and Franklin did that, 1514 01:19:13,171 --> 01:19:15,506 and Franklin did some other damned thing. 1515 01:19:15,631 --> 01:19:18,760 Franklin smote the ground and out sprang 1516 01:19:18,843 --> 01:19:20,553 George Washington, 1517 01:19:20,636 --> 01:19:22,972 fully grown and on his horse. 1518 01:19:23,056 --> 01:19:26,476 Franklin then electrified him with his miraculous lightning rod 1519 01:19:26,559 --> 01:19:30,188 then the three of them, Franklin, Washington and the horse, 1520 01:19:30,271 --> 01:19:33,483 conducted the entire revolution all by themselves. 1521 01:19:36,903 --> 01:19:37,945 I like it. 1522 01:19:40,031 --> 01:19:42,200 I beg your pardon, gentlemen. 1523 01:19:43,326 --> 01:19:47,372 It is indeed an honor to meet the two greatest men in America. 1524 01:19:47,455 --> 01:19:49,749 Certainly the greatest within earshot anyway. 1525 01:19:49,832 --> 01:19:51,709 I'm not an idle flatterer, Dr. Franklin. 1526 01:19:51,793 --> 01:19:54,003 My husband admires you both greatly. 1527 01:19:54,212 --> 01:19:55,713 Then we are doubly flattered, 1528 01:19:55,797 --> 01:19:59,175 for we admire very much that what your husband admires. 1529 01:20:04,305 --> 01:20:05,890 Uh, did you sleep well, madam? 1530 01:20:05,973 --> 01:20:06,974 Hmm? Huh! 1531 01:20:07,058 --> 01:20:08,226 Oh. Uh... 1532 01:20:08,726 --> 01:20:10,645 Well, I mean, did you lie... 1533 01:20:11,479 --> 01:20:12,480 (SCOFFS) 1534 01:20:13,189 --> 01:20:14,232 Damn it, you know what I mean. 1535 01:20:14,315 --> 01:20:15,566 Yes, John, we know what you mean. 1536 01:20:15,650 --> 01:20:18,277 Tell us about yourself. We've heard precious little. 1537 01:20:18,403 --> 01:20:20,405 What's your first name? Martha. 1538 01:20:20,655 --> 01:20:21,697 Martha! 1539 01:20:22,615 --> 01:20:24,742 He might at least have told us that. 1540 01:20:24,826 --> 01:20:26,369 Your husband doesn't say very much. 1541 01:20:26,452 --> 01:20:27,954 Most silent man in Congress. 1542 01:20:28,037 --> 01:20:29,914 I have never heard him utter three sentences together. 1543 01:20:29,997 --> 01:20:31,582 Not every man's a talker, John. 1544 01:20:32,083 --> 01:20:35,878 Yes, it's true, you know. Tom is not a talker. 1545 01:20:38,589 --> 01:20:42,218 ♪ Oh, he never speaks his passions 1546 01:20:42,301 --> 01:20:45,346 ♪ He never speaks his views 1547 01:20:45,513 --> 01:20:48,933 ♪ Whereas other men speak volumes 1548 01:20:49,016 --> 01:20:53,521 ♪ The man I love is mute 1549 01:20:53,604 --> 01:20:56,190 ♪ In truth I can't recall 1550 01:20:56,274 --> 01:20:59,485 ♪ Being wooed with words 1551 01:20:59,569 --> 01:21:01,863 ♪ At all 1552 01:21:01,946 --> 01:21:05,783 ♪ Even now 1553 01:21:05,867 --> 01:21:07,368 Oh, don't stop, madam. 1554 01:21:07,452 --> 01:21:09,162 No. Tell us, how did he win you? 1555 01:21:09,245 --> 01:21:12,415 And how does he hold on to a bounty such as you? 1556 01:21:12,498 --> 01:21:15,334 Well, surely you've noticed that Tom is a man of many accomplishments. 1557 01:21:15,418 --> 01:21:16,419 Of course. 1558 01:21:16,502 --> 01:21:19,672 Author, lawyer, statesman, architect, farmer. 1559 01:21:20,923 --> 01:21:25,052 And still one more that I hesitate to mention. 1560 01:21:25,136 --> 01:21:27,346 Don't hesitate, madam. Don't hesitate. 1561 01:21:27,430 --> 01:21:30,892 No, tell us. What else can that redheaded tombstone do? 1562 01:21:33,269 --> 01:21:38,274 ♪ He plays the violin 1563 01:21:38,357 --> 01:21:42,612 ♪ He tucks it right under his chin 1564 01:21:42,695 --> 01:21:44,822 ♪ And he bows 1565 01:21:44,947 --> 01:21:47,033 ♪ Oh, he bows 1566 01:21:47,116 --> 01:21:51,037 ♪ For he knows Yes, he knows 1567 01:21:51,120 --> 01:21:55,249 ♪ That it's hi-hi-hi-diddle diddle 1568 01:21:55,333 --> 01:21:58,920 ♪ 'Twixt my heart, Tom and his fiddle 1569 01:21:59,003 --> 01:22:03,007 ♪ My strings are unstrung 1570 01:22:03,090 --> 01:22:05,718 ♪ Hi-hi-hi 1571 01:22:05,801 --> 01:22:09,138 ♪ Hi 1572 01:22:09,222 --> 01:22:12,266 ♪ I am undone 1573 01:22:12,350 --> 01:22:13,643 The violin, madam? 1574 01:22:13,726 --> 01:22:17,271 ♪ I hear his violin 1575 01:22:17,355 --> 01:22:20,900 ♪ And I get that feeling within 1576 01:22:20,983 --> 01:22:24,529 ♪ And I sigh Oh, I sigh 1577 01:22:24,612 --> 01:22:28,115 ♪ He draws near, very near 1578 01:22:28,199 --> 01:22:32,328 ♪ And it's hi-hi-hi-diddle diddle 1579 01:22:32,411 --> 01:22:35,998 ♪ And goodbye to the fiddle 1580 01:22:36,082 --> 01:22:40,086 ♪ My strings are unstrung 1581 01:22:40,169 --> 01:22:42,797 ♪ Hi-hi-hi 1582 01:22:42,880 --> 01:22:46,133 ♪ Hi 1583 01:22:46,217 --> 01:22:48,344 ♪ I'm always undone 1584 01:22:48,427 --> 01:22:50,388 That settles it, John. We're taking up the violin. 1585 01:22:50,805 --> 01:22:53,474 Very well, madam. You have us playing the violin. What happens next? 1586 01:22:53,558 --> 01:22:54,642 Next, Mr. Adams? 1587 01:22:54,725 --> 01:22:56,185 Yes. What does Tom do now? 1588 01:22:56,519 --> 01:22:57,853 Why, just what you'd expect. 1589 01:23:00,690 --> 01:23:01,732 We dance. 1590 01:23:02,525 --> 01:23:03,526 Dance? 1591 01:23:03,609 --> 01:23:05,820 Dance? Incredible! 1592 01:23:06,571 --> 01:23:08,948 One, two, three. One, two, three! 1593 01:23:13,536 --> 01:23:15,454 JOHN: Who's playing the violin? 1594 01:23:15,538 --> 01:23:17,164 John, really? 1595 01:23:53,743 --> 01:23:55,620 John, you can dance. 1596 01:23:55,703 --> 01:23:58,706 We still do a few things in Boston, Franklin. 1597 01:24:13,137 --> 01:24:15,848 ♪ Hi-hi-hi 1598 01:24:15,931 --> 01:24:18,893 ♪ Hi 1599 01:24:18,976 --> 01:24:20,478 ♪ Hi 1600 01:24:20,561 --> 01:24:24,565 ♪ When heaven calls to me 1601 01:24:24,649 --> 01:24:27,818 ♪ Sing me no sad elegy 1602 01:24:27,902 --> 01:24:29,445 ♪ Say I died 1603 01:24:29,862 --> 01:24:31,572 ♪ Loving bride 1604 01:24:31,656 --> 01:24:34,825 ♪ Loving wife, loving life 1605 01:24:34,909 --> 01:24:38,913 ♪ For it was hi-hi-hi-diddle diddle 1606 01:24:38,996 --> 01:24:42,750 ♪ 'Twixt my heart, Tom and his fiddle 1607 01:24:42,833 --> 01:24:47,296 ♪ And ever 'twill be 1608 01:24:51,425 --> 01:24:54,136 ♪ Hi-hi-hi 1609 01:24:54,220 --> 01:24:57,473 ♪ Hi 1610 01:24:57,556 --> 01:24:59,266 ♪ Through eternity 1611 01:24:59,350 --> 01:25:02,311 ♪ He plays the violin 1612 01:25:02,395 --> 01:25:06,023 ♪ He plays the violin 1613 01:25:06,107 --> 01:25:10,986 ♪ He plays the violin 1614 01:25:18,703 --> 01:25:22,123 JOHN: Look! Look, Franklin, he's done it. He's written it. 1615 01:25:24,375 --> 01:25:26,877 "Dear Mr. Adams, I am taking my wife back to bed. 1616 01:25:26,961 --> 01:25:29,964 "Kindly go away. Your obedient, T. Jefferson." 1617 01:25:31,048 --> 01:25:32,758 Incredible! 1618 01:25:32,883 --> 01:25:34,301 (CHUCKLING) 1619 01:25:34,385 --> 01:25:35,803 You know, perhaps I should have written 1620 01:25:35,886 --> 01:25:37,054 the declaration after all. 1621 01:25:37,138 --> 01:25:38,764 At my age, there's little doubt 1622 01:25:38,848 --> 01:25:41,267 the pen is mightier than the sword. 1623 01:25:43,561 --> 01:25:48,232 ♪ For it's hi-hi-hi-diddle diddle 1624 01:25:48,315 --> 01:25:52,403 ♪ And God bless a man who can fiddle 1625 01:25:52,486 --> 01:25:56,449 ♪ And independency 1626 01:25:56,532 --> 01:25:59,326 ♪ Hi-hi-hi ♪ Hi-hi-hi 1627 01:25:59,410 --> 01:26:01,495 ♪ Hi ♪ Hi 1628 01:26:01,579 --> 01:26:06,208 ♪ Ya-da-da-da-da ♪ Ya-da-da-da-da 1629 01:26:06,876 --> 01:26:09,920 ♪ Through eternity ♪ Through eternity 1630 01:26:10,045 --> 01:26:14,550 ♪ He plays the violin ♪ He plays the violin 1631 01:26:14,842 --> 01:26:18,512 ♪ Violin ♪ Violin 1632 01:26:18,596 --> 01:26:24,810 ♪ Violin ♪ ♪ Violin ♪ 1633 01:26:31,108 --> 01:26:35,446 THOMSON: Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia's absent, 1634 01:26:35,529 --> 01:26:39,784 and North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia. 1635 01:26:40,034 --> 01:26:43,078 And what follows is a complete and up-to-date list 1636 01:26:43,162 --> 01:26:45,456 of all the committees of this Congress, 1637 01:26:45,539 --> 01:26:49,460 now sitting, about to sit or just having sat. 1638 01:26:50,294 --> 01:26:53,214 "A committee formed to investigate a complaint made against 1639 01:26:53,297 --> 01:26:56,759 "the quality of yeast manufactured by Mr. Henry Pendleton's mill 1640 01:26:56,842 --> 01:26:59,386 "designated as the Yeast Committee." 1641 01:26:59,470 --> 01:27:02,139 "A committee formed to consider the most effective method 1642 01:27:02,223 --> 01:27:03,641 "of dealing with spies 1643 01:27:03,724 --> 01:27:06,268 "designated as the Spies Committee." 1644 01:27:07,812 --> 01:27:10,815 "A committee formed to think, perhaps to do, 1645 01:27:10,898 --> 01:27:14,193 "but in any case, to gather, to meet, to confer, to talk, 1646 01:27:14,276 --> 01:27:17,738 "and perhaps even to resolve that each rifle regiment 1647 01:27:17,822 --> 01:27:21,742 "be allowed at least one drum and one fife attached to each company, 1648 01:27:21,826 --> 01:27:24,537 "designated as the Drum and Fife Committee." 1649 01:27:24,620 --> 01:27:27,081 "A committee formed to..." 1650 01:27:27,164 --> 01:27:28,833 Where is that committee? 1651 01:27:28,916 --> 01:27:31,836 What do you think of it, Doctor? Democracy? 1652 01:27:32,503 --> 01:27:33,879 What Plato called 1653 01:27:33,963 --> 01:27:36,006 "a charming form of government 1654 01:27:36,090 --> 01:27:38,384 "full of variety and disorder." 1655 01:27:39,009 --> 01:27:42,096 I never knew Plato had been to Philadelphia. (LAUGHS) 1656 01:27:42,179 --> 01:27:44,181 Ben, I want you to see some cards 1657 01:27:44,265 --> 01:27:45,641 I've gone and had printed up. 1658 01:27:45,724 --> 01:27:47,893 Ought to save everybody here a lot of time and effort, 1659 01:27:47,977 --> 01:27:50,062 considering the epidemic of bad disposition 1660 01:27:50,145 --> 01:27:52,940 that's been going on around here lately 1661 01:27:53,023 --> 01:27:56,110 "Dear sir, you are, without any doubt, a rogue, a rascal, 1662 01:27:56,193 --> 01:27:58,696 "a villain, a thief, a scoundrel and a mean, dirty, 1663 01:27:58,779 --> 01:28:01,073 "stinking, sniveling, sneaking, pimping, pocket-picking, 1664 01:28:01,156 --> 01:28:03,075 "thrice double-damned no-good son-of-a-bitch." 1665 01:28:03,200 --> 01:28:04,869 And you sign your name. What do you think? 1666 01:28:04,952 --> 01:28:06,787 I'll take a dozen right now. 1667 01:28:06,871 --> 01:28:08,539 A-ha! Here it is. 1668 01:28:08,622 --> 01:28:11,625 "A committee formed to answer all congressional correspondence, 1669 01:28:11,709 --> 01:28:15,379 "designated as the Congressional Correspondence Committee." 1670 01:28:17,047 --> 01:28:19,633 All right, Franklin, enough socializing. There's work to be done. 1671 01:28:19,717 --> 01:28:21,302 Good morning, John. What? 1672 01:28:21,385 --> 01:28:22,386 Good morning. 1673 01:28:22,469 --> 01:28:23,721 Oh. Good morning, good morning. 1674 01:28:23,846 --> 01:28:25,806 Now then, let's get to it. Get to what? 1675 01:28:25,890 --> 01:28:27,892 Unanimity, of course. Look at that board. 1676 01:28:27,975 --> 01:28:30,227 Six nays to win over in little more than a week. 1677 01:28:30,311 --> 01:28:33,147 "A committee formed to consider the problem of counterfeit money 1678 01:28:33,230 --> 01:28:35,149 "designated as the Counterfeit Money Committee." 1679 01:28:35,232 --> 01:28:36,483 Oh, God! What... 1680 01:28:36,567 --> 01:28:37,693 All right, John, all right. 1681 01:28:37,776 --> 01:28:38,819 Where shall we start? 1682 01:28:38,903 --> 01:28:40,154 Well, what about Delaware? 1683 01:28:40,237 --> 01:28:43,365 Sad thing to see them on the wrong side after all this time. 1684 01:28:43,449 --> 01:28:45,326 Any news of Rodney? Yes. McKean's back. 1685 01:28:45,409 --> 01:28:46,410 Thomas! 1686 01:28:46,493 --> 01:28:48,370 "A committee formed to study the causes 1687 01:28:48,454 --> 01:28:50,456 "of our military defeat in Canada." 1688 01:28:50,539 --> 01:28:52,166 Thomas, 1689 01:28:52,249 --> 01:28:54,668 how did you leave Caesar? Is he still alive? 1690 01:28:54,752 --> 01:28:56,879 Aye, but the journey to Dover 1691 01:28:56,962 --> 01:28:58,756 was fearful hard on him. 1692 01:28:58,839 --> 01:29:00,591 He never complained, but I could see 1693 01:29:00,674 --> 01:29:02,468 the poor man was suffering terrible. 1694 01:29:02,551 --> 01:29:04,511 But you got him safely home. 1695 01:29:04,595 --> 01:29:05,846 I did, 1696 01:29:05,930 --> 01:29:08,307 but I doubt he'll ever set foot out of it again. 1697 01:29:08,390 --> 01:29:10,851 That leaves you and Read split down the middle. Will he come over? 1698 01:29:10,935 --> 01:29:13,729 I don't know. He's a stubborn ignoramus. 1699 01:29:13,812 --> 01:29:15,773 Work on him. Keep after him till you wear him down. 1700 01:29:15,856 --> 01:29:17,399 Look, John, face facts, will you? 1701 01:29:17,483 --> 01:29:19,443 If it were just Read standing in our way, 1702 01:29:19,526 --> 01:29:20,569 it wouldn't be so bad, 1703 01:29:20,653 --> 01:29:21,987 but look for yourself, man. 1704 01:29:22,071 --> 01:29:26,033 Maryland, Pennsylvania and the entire South. It's impossible! 1705 01:29:26,116 --> 01:29:29,286 Well, it's impossible if we all stand around complaining about it. 1706 01:29:29,370 --> 01:29:32,206 To work, McKean! One foot in front of the other! 1707 01:29:32,289 --> 01:29:33,540 I believe I put it a better way. 1708 01:29:33,624 --> 01:29:34,959 Never leave off until tomorrow... 1709 01:29:35,042 --> 01:29:36,710 Shut up, Franklin. 1710 01:29:36,794 --> 01:29:39,213 But what good will it do? 1711 01:29:39,296 --> 01:29:42,299 You know Dickinson. He'll never give in. 1712 01:29:42,800 --> 01:29:44,718 And you haven't heard the last of Rutledge either. 1713 01:29:44,802 --> 01:29:46,971 Never mind about them. Your job is George Read. 1714 01:29:47,054 --> 01:29:48,138 Talk him deaf if you have to, 1715 01:29:48,222 --> 01:29:49,807 but bring us back Delaware. 1716 01:29:49,890 --> 01:29:50,891 There's a simpler way. 1717 01:29:50,975 --> 01:29:52,101 What? 1718 01:29:52,685 --> 01:29:54,144 This'll break the tie. 1719 01:29:54,228 --> 01:29:56,188 All right, John, who's next? 1720 01:29:56,271 --> 01:29:58,232 "A committee formed to keep secrets 1721 01:29:58,315 --> 01:30:00,734 "designated as the Secrets Committee." 1722 01:30:00,818 --> 01:30:02,319 Pennsylvania and Maryland. 1723 01:30:02,403 --> 01:30:04,738 Now, I suggest you try to get your own house into order 1724 01:30:04,822 --> 01:30:07,116 and I'll take a crack at old vacant-face. 1725 01:30:07,199 --> 01:30:09,284 Lord, look at him stuff himself. 1726 01:30:09,994 --> 01:30:11,996 Ah, Mr. Chase! 1727 01:30:12,121 --> 01:30:15,374 How about it, Chase? When are you coming to your senses, man? 1728 01:30:15,457 --> 01:30:18,544 Please, Mr. Adams, not while I'm eating. 1729 01:30:18,627 --> 01:30:20,212 Mr. Wilson, sir? 1730 01:30:21,130 --> 01:30:23,048 It's time to assert yourself. 1731 01:30:23,132 --> 01:30:25,092 Tell me something. When you were a judge, 1732 01:30:25,175 --> 01:30:28,053 how in hell did you ever make a decision? 1733 01:30:28,137 --> 01:30:32,850 The decisions I made were all based on legality and precedence. 1734 01:30:32,933 --> 01:30:35,102 But there is no legality here 1735 01:30:35,185 --> 01:30:37,021 and certainly no precedent. 1736 01:30:37,104 --> 01:30:41,817 Because it's a new idea, you clot! 1737 01:30:41,900 --> 01:30:44,445 We'll be setting our own precedent! 1738 01:30:44,528 --> 01:30:48,490 No, Mr. McKean. No, no, no! 1739 01:30:48,574 --> 01:30:50,117 Damn your eyes, Read! 1740 01:30:50,200 --> 01:30:52,077 You come into this world screaming "no," 1741 01:30:52,161 --> 01:30:56,165 and you're determined to leave it the same way, you slimy worm! 1742 01:30:57,791 --> 01:31:00,586 The Congress is waiting on you, Chase! 1743 01:31:00,669 --> 01:31:04,381 America is waiting! The whole world is waiting! 1744 01:31:04,465 --> 01:31:06,425 What's that? Kidney? 1745 01:31:06,508 --> 01:31:09,094 Leave me alone, Mr. Adams! 1746 01:31:09,178 --> 01:31:10,721 You're wasting your time. 1747 01:31:10,804 --> 01:31:12,598 If I thought we could win this war, 1748 01:31:12,681 --> 01:31:14,224 I'd be at the front of your ranks. 1749 01:31:14,308 --> 01:31:17,186 But you must know it's impossible. 1750 01:31:17,269 --> 01:31:19,480 You've heard General Washington's dispatches. 1751 01:31:19,563 --> 01:31:21,607 His army has fallen to pieces. 1752 01:31:21,690 --> 01:31:24,443 Washington is exaggerating the situation 1753 01:31:24,526 --> 01:31:27,071 in order to arouse this torpid Congress into action. 1754 01:31:27,154 --> 01:31:28,697 Why, as chairman of the War Committee, 1755 01:31:28,781 --> 01:31:30,157 I can state for a fact 1756 01:31:30,240 --> 01:31:32,576 that the army has never been in better shape. 1757 01:31:32,659 --> 01:31:35,329 Never have troops been more cheerful. 1758 01:31:35,412 --> 01:31:37,581 Never have soldiers been more resolute. 1759 01:31:37,664 --> 01:31:41,376 Never have training and discipline been more spirited. 1760 01:31:41,460 --> 01:31:43,253 Oh, good God. 1761 01:31:51,095 --> 01:31:52,387 (BELL RINGING) 1762 01:31:52,471 --> 01:31:53,847 HANCOCK: May we have your ears, gentlemen? 1763 01:31:53,931 --> 01:31:55,849 Mr. Thomson has a dispatch. 1764 01:31:55,933 --> 01:31:58,727 "From the Commander, army of the United Colonies in New York, 1765 01:31:58,811 --> 01:32:01,021 "dispatch number 1,157, 1766 01:32:01,105 --> 01:32:02,564 "to the Honorable Congress, John Hancock, president. 1767 01:32:02,648 --> 01:32:06,610 "Dear sir, it is with the utmost despair that I must report to you 1768 01:32:06,693 --> 01:32:08,028 "the disorder and confusion 1769 01:32:08,112 --> 01:32:09,488 "that reign in every department." 1770 01:32:09,571 --> 01:32:12,032 Oh, sweet Jesus! 1771 01:32:14,076 --> 01:32:16,954 "The Continental soldier is as nothing ever seen 1772 01:32:17,037 --> 01:32:18,831 "in this or any other century. 1773 01:32:18,914 --> 01:32:21,125 "He is a misfit, ignorant of hygiene, 1774 01:32:21,250 --> 01:32:22,543 "destructive, disorderly 1775 01:32:22,626 --> 01:32:24,419 "and totally disrespectful of rank. 1776 01:32:24,920 --> 01:32:26,588 "Only this last is understandable, 1777 01:32:26,672 --> 01:32:31,093 "as there is an incredible reek of stupidity amongst the officers. 1778 01:32:31,510 --> 01:32:33,137 "The situation is most desperate 1779 01:32:33,220 --> 01:32:35,764 "at the New Jersey training ground in New Brunswick 1780 01:32:35,848 --> 01:32:38,308 "where every able-bodied whore in the..." 1781 01:32:38,851 --> 01:32:39,852 Whore? 1782 01:32:41,353 --> 01:32:43,480 "In the colonies has assembled. 1783 01:32:43,564 --> 01:32:45,482 "There are constant reports of drunkenness, 1784 01:32:45,566 --> 01:32:47,734 "desertion, foul language, 1785 01:32:47,818 --> 01:32:50,320 "naked bathing in the Raritan River, 1786 01:32:50,404 --> 01:32:52,447 "and an epidemic 1787 01:32:52,531 --> 01:32:54,825 "of the French disease." 1788 01:32:56,285 --> 01:32:59,955 "I have placed this town off-limits to all military personnel 1789 01:33:00,038 --> 01:33:02,207 "with the exception of officers. 1790 01:33:02,291 --> 01:33:05,878 "I beseech the Congress to dispatch the War Committee to this place 1791 01:33:05,961 --> 01:33:07,045 "in the hope of restoring 1792 01:33:07,129 --> 01:33:10,632 "some of the order and discipline we need to survive. 1793 01:33:10,716 --> 01:33:12,259 "Your obedient, 1794 01:33:13,427 --> 01:33:15,012 "G. Washington." 1795 01:33:17,514 --> 01:33:19,975 That man would depress a hyena. 1796 01:33:20,058 --> 01:33:21,894 (LAUGHING) 1797 01:33:21,977 --> 01:33:25,022 Well, Mr. Adams, you're chairman of the War Committee. 1798 01:33:25,105 --> 01:33:26,857 Do you feel up to whoring, 1799 01:33:26,940 --> 01:33:29,359 drinking, deserting and New Brunswick? 1800 01:33:29,568 --> 01:33:31,278 There must be some mistake. 1801 01:33:31,361 --> 01:33:33,989 I have an aunt who lives in New Brunswick. 1802 01:33:34,072 --> 01:33:35,949 (LAUGHING) 1803 01:33:36,033 --> 01:33:38,911 You must tell her to keep up the good work. 1804 01:33:41,705 --> 01:33:43,790 Come, come, Mr. Adams. 1805 01:33:43,874 --> 01:33:46,126 You must see that it's hopeless. 1806 01:33:46,210 --> 01:33:48,086 Let us recall General Washington 1807 01:33:48,170 --> 01:33:49,796 and disband the Continental Army 1808 01:33:49,880 --> 01:33:52,049 before we're overwhelmed. 1809 01:33:52,591 --> 01:33:55,302 Yes, indeed. The English would like that, now, wouldn't they? 1810 01:33:55,385 --> 01:33:56,803 Why not ask them yourself? 1811 01:33:56,887 --> 01:33:59,097 They ought to be here any minute. 1812 01:33:59,765 --> 01:34:02,226 And when they hang you, Mr. Adams, 1813 01:34:02,309 --> 01:34:05,270 I hope you will put in a good word for the rest of us. 1814 01:34:14,154 --> 01:34:16,031 Face facts, Mr. Adams. 1815 01:34:16,949 --> 01:34:19,243 A handful of drunk and disorderly recruits 1816 01:34:19,326 --> 01:34:21,536 against the entire British Army, 1817 01:34:22,246 --> 01:34:24,998 the finest musket men on Earth. 1818 01:34:25,082 --> 01:34:26,833 How can we win? 1819 01:34:26,917 --> 01:34:29,461 How can we even hope to survive? 1820 01:34:29,544 --> 01:34:31,171 Answer me straight, Chase. 1821 01:34:31,755 --> 01:34:34,841 If you thought we could beat the Redcoats, 1822 01:34:34,925 --> 01:34:37,344 would Maryland say yea to independence? 1823 01:34:37,427 --> 01:34:39,304 Well, I suppose... 1824 01:34:39,388 --> 01:34:40,555 No supposing. 1825 01:34:41,056 --> 01:34:43,100 Would you or wouldn't you? 1826 01:34:45,602 --> 01:34:47,396 Very well, Mr. Adams. 1827 01:34:48,230 --> 01:34:50,524 Yes, we would. 1828 01:34:50,607 --> 01:34:52,442 Then come with me to New Brunswick 1829 01:34:52,526 --> 01:34:53,694 and see for yourself. 1830 01:34:53,777 --> 01:34:54,778 MAN 1: John, are you mad? 1831 01:34:54,861 --> 01:34:56,405 You heard what Washington said. It's a shambles. 1832 01:34:56,488 --> 01:34:58,073 MAN 1: They're pushing you into it, Johnny! 1833 01:34:58,156 --> 01:34:59,241 What do you say, Chase? 1834 01:34:59,324 --> 01:35:02,035 MAN 2: Go ahead, Sam. It sounds lively as hell up there. 1835 01:35:02,119 --> 01:35:04,121 All right. Why not? 1836 01:35:04,204 --> 01:35:06,039 And maybe it'll be John Adams 1837 01:35:06,123 --> 01:35:07,207 who comes to his senses. 1838 01:35:07,291 --> 01:35:08,667 Mr. President, the War Committee 1839 01:35:08,750 --> 01:35:10,419 will heed General Washington's request. 1840 01:35:10,502 --> 01:35:12,087 A party consisting of Mr. Chase, Dr. Franklin 1841 01:35:12,170 --> 01:35:13,880 and myself will leave immediately. 1842 01:35:13,964 --> 01:35:15,299 Is that... 1843 01:35:16,008 --> 01:35:19,052 Is that satisfactory with you, Dr. Franklin? 1844 01:35:19,136 --> 01:35:21,805 Wake up, Franklin! You're going to New Brunswick. 1845 01:35:21,888 --> 01:35:23,348 Like hell I am. What for? 1846 01:35:23,432 --> 01:35:25,642 The whoring and the drinking. 1847 01:35:27,269 --> 01:35:30,105 All right, Chase! Move all that lard. Not a moment to lose. 1848 01:35:30,188 --> 01:35:33,817 Left, right, left, right. Left, right, left, right. 1849 01:35:33,900 --> 01:35:35,569 Left, right, left! 1850 01:35:46,663 --> 01:35:50,542 Mr. McNair, all this talk of independence 1851 01:35:50,625 --> 01:35:53,337 has left a certain foulness in the air. 1852 01:35:53,420 --> 01:35:55,005 My friends and I would appreciate it 1853 01:35:55,088 --> 01:35:57,341 if you could open some windows. 1854 01:35:57,424 --> 01:35:59,593 Well, what about the flies? 1855 01:35:59,676 --> 01:36:01,678 The windows, Mr. McNair. 1856 01:36:03,889 --> 01:36:06,933 Open the windows, close the windows. 1857 01:36:07,017 --> 01:36:09,019 Sweet Jesus! 1858 01:36:18,070 --> 01:36:22,199 ♪ Oh, say, do you see what I see? 1859 01:36:22,699 --> 01:36:26,078 ♪ Congress sitting here in sweet serenity 1860 01:36:26,161 --> 01:36:29,456 ♪ I could cheer, the reason's clear 1861 01:36:29,539 --> 01:36:31,708 ♪ For the first time in a year 1862 01:36:31,792 --> 01:36:33,794 ♪ Adams isn't here 1863 01:36:33,877 --> 01:36:37,422 ♪ And look, the sun is in the sky 1864 01:36:37,506 --> 01:36:39,508 ♪ A breeze is blowing by 1865 01:36:39,591 --> 01:36:43,470 ♪ And there's not a single fly 1866 01:36:43,553 --> 01:36:45,555 ♪ I sing hosanna 1867 01:36:45,639 --> 01:36:48,141 ♪ Hosanna 1868 01:36:48,225 --> 01:36:52,104 ♪ Hosanna, hosanna 1869 01:36:52,187 --> 01:36:53,814 ♪ And it's cool 1870 01:36:56,066 --> 01:37:00,278 ♪ Come, ye cool, cool, conservative men 1871 01:37:00,362 --> 01:37:04,157 ♪ Our like may never ever be seen again 1872 01:37:04,241 --> 01:37:07,619 ♪ We have land, cash in hand 1873 01:37:07,702 --> 01:37:11,748 ♪ Self-command, future planned 1874 01:37:11,832 --> 01:37:15,585 ♪ Fortune thrives, society survives 1875 01:37:15,669 --> 01:37:17,587 ♪ In neatly ordered lives 1876 01:37:17,671 --> 01:37:21,550 ♪ With well-endowered wives 1877 01:37:21,633 --> 01:37:24,010 ♪ Come sing hosanna 1878 01:37:24,094 --> 01:37:26,346 ♪ Hosanna 1879 01:37:26,430 --> 01:37:30,267 ♪ In our breeding and our manner 1880 01:37:30,350 --> 01:37:33,854 ♪ We are cool 1881 01:37:33,937 --> 01:37:38,358 ♪ Come, ye cool, cool, considerate set 1882 01:37:38,442 --> 01:37:41,987 ♪ We'll dance together to the same minuet 1883 01:37:42,070 --> 01:37:45,907 ♪ To the right, ever to the right 1884 01:37:45,991 --> 01:37:49,870 ♪ Never to the left, forever to the right 1885 01:37:49,953 --> 01:37:53,623 ♪ Let our creed be never to exceed 1886 01:37:53,707 --> 01:37:55,584 ♪ Regulated speed 1887 01:37:55,667 --> 01:37:58,962 ♪ No matter what the need 1888 01:37:59,754 --> 01:38:01,923 ♪ Come sing hosanna 1889 01:38:02,007 --> 01:38:03,925 ♪ Hosanna 1890 01:38:04,259 --> 01:38:08,054 ♪ Emblazoned on our banner 1891 01:38:08,138 --> 01:38:12,058 ♪ Is keep cool 1892 01:38:20,108 --> 01:38:23,320 ♪ To the right, ever to the right 1893 01:38:23,945 --> 01:38:27,866 ♪ Never to the left, forever to the right 1894 01:38:27,949 --> 01:38:31,953 ♪ Hands attach, tightly latch 1895 01:38:32,037 --> 01:38:33,455 ♪ Everybody match 1896 01:38:33,538 --> 01:38:36,124 ♪ I have a new dispatch 1897 01:38:39,753 --> 01:38:42,214 "From the Commander, army of the United Colonies in New York, 1898 01:38:42,297 --> 01:38:44,257 "dispatch number 1,158, 1899 01:38:44,341 --> 01:38:45,926 "to the Honorable Congress, John Hancock, president. 1900 01:38:46,009 --> 01:38:49,721 "Dear sir, I awoke this morning to find that General Howe 1901 01:38:49,804 --> 01:38:52,807 "has landed 25,000 British regulars and Hessian mercenaries 1902 01:38:52,891 --> 01:38:54,434 "on Staten Island, 1903 01:38:54,518 --> 01:38:56,353 "and that the fleet, under the command 1904 01:38:56,478 --> 01:38:58,313 "of his brother, Admiral Lord Howe, 1905 01:38:58,396 --> 01:39:00,774 "controls not only the Hudson and the east rivers, 1906 01:39:00,857 --> 01:39:02,150 "but New York Harbor, 1907 01:39:02,234 --> 01:39:05,195 "which now looks like all of London afloat. 1908 01:39:05,695 --> 01:39:07,322 "I can no longer, in good conscience, 1909 01:39:07,447 --> 01:39:09,282 "withhold from the Congress my certainty 1910 01:39:09,366 --> 01:39:10,784 "that the British military object 1911 01:39:10,867 --> 01:39:13,370 "at this time is Philadelphia. 1912 01:39:13,453 --> 01:39:16,289 "Happy should I be if I could see the means of preventing them, 1913 01:39:16,373 --> 01:39:19,042 "but, at present, I confess I do not. 1914 01:39:19,626 --> 01:39:23,421 "How I wish I had never seen the Continental Army. 1915 01:39:23,547 --> 01:39:26,132 "I would have done better to retire to the back country, 1916 01:39:26,216 --> 01:39:28,969 "and to live in a wigwam. 1917 01:39:29,052 --> 01:39:30,554 "Your obedient, 1918 01:39:31,972 --> 01:39:33,557 "G. Washington." 1919 01:39:34,516 --> 01:39:38,061 ♪ What we do, we do rationally 1920 01:39:38,562 --> 01:39:41,898 ♪ We never, ever go off half-cocked, not we 1921 01:39:41,982 --> 01:39:45,402 ♪ Why begin till we know that we can win 1922 01:39:45,485 --> 01:39:49,281 ♪ And if we cannot win, why bother to begin? 1923 01:39:49,364 --> 01:39:53,034 ♪ We say this game's not of our choosing 1924 01:39:53,827 --> 01:39:57,163 ♪ Why should we risk losing? 1925 01:39:57,289 --> 01:40:01,126 ♪ We're cool, cool men 1926 01:40:03,128 --> 01:40:04,671 Mr. Hancock, 1927 01:40:04,754 --> 01:40:07,424 you're a man of property, one of us. 1928 01:40:08,091 --> 01:40:10,427 Why don't you join us in our minuet? 1929 01:40:10,510 --> 01:40:13,179 Why do you persist in dancing with John Adams? 1930 01:40:13,263 --> 01:40:15,223 Good Lord, sir, you don't even like him. 1931 01:40:15,765 --> 01:40:19,060 ♪ That is true. He annoys me quite a lot 1932 01:40:19,144 --> 01:40:22,480 ♪ But still I'd rather trot to Mr. Adams' new gavotte 1933 01:40:22,981 --> 01:40:26,276 Why? For personal glory? For a place in history? 1934 01:40:26,401 --> 01:40:29,904 Be careful, sir. History will brand him and his followers as traitors. 1935 01:40:30,196 --> 01:40:32,866 Traitors, Mr. Dickinson? To what? 1936 01:40:32,949 --> 01:40:36,453 The British Crown or the British half crown? 1937 01:40:36,536 --> 01:40:38,538 Fortunately, there are not enough men of property 1938 01:40:38,622 --> 01:40:40,373 in America to dictate policy. 1939 01:40:40,457 --> 01:40:44,044 Perhaps not, but don't forget that most men with nothing 1940 01:40:44,127 --> 01:40:47,380 would rather protect the possibility of becoming rich 1941 01:40:47,464 --> 01:40:50,008 than face the reality of being poor. 1942 01:40:52,427 --> 01:40:54,804 And that is why they will follow us... 1943 01:40:54,888 --> 01:40:58,725 ♪ To the right, ever to the right 1944 01:40:58,808 --> 01:41:02,479 ♪ Never to left, forever to the right 1945 01:41:02,562 --> 01:41:05,982 ♪ Where there's gold, a market to behold 1946 01:41:06,066 --> 01:41:07,734 ♪ Tradition that is old 1947 01:41:07,817 --> 01:41:09,861 ♪ Reluctant to be bold 1948 01:41:09,944 --> 01:41:11,905 ♪ I sing hosanna 1949 01:41:11,988 --> 01:41:13,990 ♪ Hosanna 1950 01:41:14,074 --> 01:41:17,285 ♪ In a sane and lucid manner 1951 01:41:17,369 --> 01:41:18,495 We are cool! 1952 01:41:19,663 --> 01:41:23,833 ♪ We're the cool, cool, considerate men 1953 01:41:23,917 --> 01:41:27,587 ♪ Whose like may never, ever be seen again 1954 01:41:27,671 --> 01:41:31,466 ♪ We've got land, cash in hand 1955 01:41:31,549 --> 01:41:35,428 ♪ Self-command, future planned 1956 01:41:35,512 --> 01:41:39,182 ♪ And we'll hold to our gold 1957 01:41:39,307 --> 01:41:41,267 ♪ Tradition that is old 1958 01:41:41,351 --> 01:41:43,353 ♪ Reluctant to be bold 1959 01:41:43,436 --> 01:41:47,524 ♪ We say this game's not of our choosing 1960 01:41:48,274 --> 01:41:51,820 ♪ Why should we risk losing? 1961 01:41:52,028 --> 01:41:56,449 ♪ We're cool 1962 01:41:56,533 --> 01:42:00,286 ♪ Cool 1963 01:42:00,370 --> 01:42:07,210 ♪ Cool, cool men ♪ 1964 01:42:26,396 --> 01:42:27,856 How'd you like to try and borrow 1965 01:42:27,939 --> 01:42:30,108 a dollar from one of them? 1966 01:42:31,192 --> 01:42:33,319 You want some more rum, General? 1967 01:42:33,403 --> 01:42:34,654 General? 1968 01:42:35,530 --> 01:42:37,615 Lord, I ain't even a corporal. 1969 01:42:37,699 --> 01:42:40,076 Yeah, well, what's the army know? 1970 01:42:40,160 --> 01:42:41,161 (LAUGHING) 1971 01:42:43,079 --> 01:42:45,081 Here, son. There you go. 1972 01:42:49,669 --> 01:42:53,923 Sit down, gentlemen. The chair rules it's too damn hot to work. 1973 01:43:04,142 --> 01:43:06,895 Well, General, what's it like out there? 1974 01:43:07,437 --> 01:43:09,397 You probably know more than me. 1975 01:43:09,689 --> 01:43:10,774 Sitting here? 1976 01:43:10,857 --> 01:43:13,109 Sweet Jesus, this is the last place 1977 01:43:13,193 --> 01:43:14,819 to find out what's going on. 1978 01:43:15,862 --> 01:43:17,363 I'm aiming to join up. 1979 01:43:17,447 --> 01:43:19,073 What are you talking about? 1980 01:43:19,157 --> 01:43:20,533 You don't have to join up. 1981 01:43:20,617 --> 01:43:21,659 You're in Congress. 1982 01:43:21,743 --> 01:43:23,036 What's that got to do with it? 1983 01:43:23,119 --> 01:43:26,247 Well, you don't see them rushing off to get killed, do you? 1984 01:43:26,331 --> 01:43:29,209 They sure are great ones for sending others, I can tell you that. 1985 01:43:29,959 --> 01:43:31,586 Hey, who sits here? 1986 01:43:32,086 --> 01:43:34,130 Caesar Rodney of Delaware. 1987 01:43:34,631 --> 01:43:35,924 Where are you from, General? 1988 01:43:36,216 --> 01:43:37,884 Watertown. 1989 01:43:37,967 --> 01:43:39,886 Now where's that? 1990 01:43:39,969 --> 01:43:41,137 Massachusetts. 1991 01:43:41,471 --> 01:43:43,431 Well, then you belong over there. 1992 01:43:49,479 --> 01:43:50,772 But be careful. 1993 01:43:51,147 --> 01:43:52,565 There's something about that chair 1994 01:43:52,649 --> 01:43:54,609 that makes a man awful noisy. 1995 01:43:54,692 --> 01:43:55,693 (CHUCKLING) 1996 01:43:58,988 --> 01:44:00,824 You seen any fighting? 1997 01:44:02,158 --> 01:44:03,409 Sure did. 1998 01:44:04,536 --> 01:44:08,456 I see'd my two best friends get shot dead on the very same day. 1999 01:44:09,374 --> 01:44:11,793 And at Lexington it was, too. 2000 01:44:11,876 --> 01:44:14,003 Right on the village green. 2001 01:44:14,712 --> 01:44:15,922 When they didn't come home for supper, 2002 01:44:16,005 --> 01:44:19,008 their mamas went down the hill looking for them. 2003 01:44:19,092 --> 01:44:21,386 Mrs. Lowell, she found Timothy. 2004 01:44:23,680 --> 01:44:25,014 Right off. 2005 01:44:28,268 --> 01:44:30,019 But Mrs. Pickett... 2006 01:44:32,856 --> 01:44:35,733 She looked near half the night for William. 2007 01:44:36,901 --> 01:44:39,320 He went and crawled off the green 2008 01:44:40,446 --> 01:44:41,990 before he died. 2009 01:44:50,540 --> 01:44:54,252 ♪ Mama, hey, Mama 2010 01:44:54,335 --> 01:44:59,382 ♪ Come looking for me 2011 01:44:59,465 --> 01:45:03,970 ♪ I'm here in the meadow 2012 01:45:04,053 --> 01:45:08,433 ♪ By the red maple tree 2013 01:45:09,350 --> 01:45:13,479 ♪ Mama, hey, Mama 2014 01:45:13,563 --> 01:45:15,732 ♪ Look sharp 2015 01:45:15,815 --> 01:45:19,027 ♪ Here I be 2016 01:45:19,110 --> 01:45:23,740 ♪ Hey, hey 2017 01:45:23,823 --> 01:45:28,912 ♪ Mama, look sharp 2018 01:45:31,331 --> 01:45:35,001 ♪ Them soldiers, they fired 2019 01:45:35,460 --> 01:45:39,213 ♪ Oh, Ma, did we run 2020 01:45:40,089 --> 01:45:44,010 ♪ But then we turned round 2021 01:45:44,093 --> 01:45:48,431 ♪ And the battle begun 2022 01:45:49,599 --> 01:45:53,227 ♪ Then I went under 2023 01:45:53,311 --> 01:45:57,440 ♪ Oh, Ma, am I done? 2024 01:45:58,858 --> 01:46:02,403 ♪ Hey, hey 2025 01:46:03,196 --> 01:46:08,284 ♪ Mama, look sharp 2026 01:46:10,828 --> 01:46:14,958 ♪ My eyes are wide open 2027 01:46:15,041 --> 01:46:19,045 ♪ My face to the sky 2028 01:46:19,879 --> 01:46:23,675 ♪ Is that you I'm hearing 2029 01:46:23,758 --> 01:46:27,679 ♪ In the tall grass nearby 2030 01:46:28,554 --> 01:46:32,058 ♪ Mama, come find me 2031 01:46:32,141 --> 01:46:35,853 ♪ Before I do die 2032 01:46:36,479 --> 01:46:40,149 ♪ Hey, hey 2033 01:46:40,566 --> 01:46:42,735 ♪ Mama 2034 01:46:42,819 --> 01:46:46,406 ♪ Look sharp 2035 01:46:49,033 --> 01:46:52,620 ♪ I'll close your eyes 2036 01:46:53,287 --> 01:46:56,332 ♪ My Billy 2037 01:46:56,416 --> 01:47:01,754 ♪ Them eyes that cannot see 2038 01:47:02,463 --> 01:47:05,675 ♪ And I'll bury you 2039 01:47:05,758 --> 01:47:08,636 ♪ My Billy 2040 01:47:08,720 --> 01:47:15,601 ♪ Beneath the maple tree 2041 01:47:16,060 --> 01:47:17,812 ♪ And 2042 01:47:18,855 --> 01:47:23,067 ♪ Never again 2043 01:47:23,151 --> 01:47:28,489 ♪ Will you whisper to me 2044 01:47:29,449 --> 01:47:32,035 ♪ Hey 2045 01:47:32,118 --> 01:47:34,787 ♪ Hey 2046 01:47:34,871 --> 01:47:37,790 ♪ Oh, Mama 2047 01:47:37,874 --> 01:47:44,756 ♪ Look sharp ♪ 2048 01:47:56,601 --> 01:47:58,186 (GAVEL BANGS) 2049 01:48:01,606 --> 01:48:03,316 HANCOCK: The secretary will now read the report 2050 01:48:03,399 --> 01:48:05,318 of the Declaration Committee. 2051 01:48:05,401 --> 01:48:06,903 Mr. Thomson. 2052 01:48:06,986 --> 01:48:08,821 "A declaration by the representatives 2053 01:48:08,905 --> 01:48:10,531 "of the United States of America, 2054 01:48:10,615 --> 01:48:12,867 "in general Congress assembled. 2055 01:48:13,743 --> 01:48:15,203 "When in the course of human events 2056 01:48:15,286 --> 01:48:16,913 "it becomes necessary for one people 2057 01:48:16,996 --> 01:48:18,539 "to dissolve the political bands 2058 01:48:18,623 --> 01:48:20,500 "which have connected them with another 2059 01:48:20,583 --> 01:48:23,044 "and to assume among the powers of the Earth 2060 01:48:23,127 --> 01:48:24,504 "the separate and equal station 2061 01:48:24,587 --> 01:48:25,838 "to which the laws of nature 2062 01:48:25,922 --> 01:48:28,341 "and of nature's god entitle them, 2063 01:48:28,424 --> 01:48:31,052 "a decent respect to the opinions of mankind 2064 01:48:31,135 --> 01:48:33,179 "requires that they should declare the causes 2065 01:48:33,262 --> 01:48:35,389 "which impel them to the separation. 2066 01:48:35,890 --> 01:48:38,851 "We hold these truths to be self-evident, 2067 01:48:38,935 --> 01:48:41,604 "that all men are created equal. 2068 01:48:41,687 --> 01:48:43,272 "They're endowed by their creator 2069 01:48:43,356 --> 01:48:45,274 "with certain inalienable rights, 2070 01:48:45,525 --> 01:48:48,986 "that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness, 2071 01:48:49,070 --> 01:48:51,030 "that to secure these rights..." 2072 01:48:51,114 --> 01:48:55,201 Jefferson! We're back, and we've got Maryland. 2073 01:48:55,284 --> 01:48:56,702 That is, we will, as soon as Chase 2074 01:48:56,786 --> 01:48:58,079 gets through telling the Maryland assembly 2075 01:48:58,162 --> 01:49:00,123 what we saw in New Brunswick. 2076 01:49:00,206 --> 01:49:01,791 He's in Annapolis right now, 2077 01:49:01,874 --> 01:49:03,751 describing a ragtag collection 2078 01:49:03,835 --> 01:49:05,545 of provincial militiamen 2079 01:49:05,628 --> 01:49:07,421 who couldn't drill together, train together 2080 01:49:07,505 --> 01:49:08,631 or march together. 2081 01:49:08,714 --> 01:49:10,675 But when a flock of ducks flew over 2082 01:49:10,758 --> 01:49:13,803 and they saw their first meal in three full days, 2083 01:49:13,886 --> 01:49:15,888 sweet Jesus, could they shoot together! 2084 01:49:15,972 --> 01:49:17,014 It was a slaughter. 2085 01:49:17,098 --> 01:49:18,558 A slaughter. 2086 01:49:18,641 --> 01:49:20,268 They're reading the declaration. 2087 01:49:20,351 --> 01:49:22,812 Good God! How far have they gotten? 2088 01:49:23,146 --> 01:49:24,772 "To render the military independent of 2089 01:49:24,856 --> 01:49:26,649 "and superior to the civil power." 2090 01:49:27,150 --> 01:49:29,777 "...independent of and superior to..." 2091 01:49:35,658 --> 01:49:37,034 Nothing to fear. 2092 01:49:37,118 --> 01:49:38,286 It's a masterpiece. 2093 01:49:38,953 --> 01:49:40,913 I'm to be congratulated. 2094 01:49:41,497 --> 01:49:42,582 You? 2095 01:49:43,791 --> 01:49:45,376 For making him write it. 2096 01:49:45,459 --> 01:49:46,669 Oh, of course. 2097 01:49:48,254 --> 01:49:51,007 ♪ It's a masterpiece, I say 2098 01:49:51,090 --> 01:49:55,094 ♪ They will cheer every word, every letter 2099 01:49:55,178 --> 01:49:58,264 ♪ I wish I felt that way 2100 01:49:58,347 --> 01:50:01,684 ♪ I believe I can put it better 2101 01:50:01,767 --> 01:50:04,353 ♪ Now then attend as friend to friend 2102 01:50:04,437 --> 01:50:06,939 ♪ Our Declaration Committee 2103 01:50:07,023 --> 01:50:10,776 ♪ For us I see immortality 2104 01:50:10,860 --> 01:50:15,948 ♪ In Philadelphia City 2105 01:50:16,032 --> 01:50:19,243 ♪ A farmer, a lawyer 2106 01:50:19,327 --> 01:50:20,953 ♪ And a sage 2107 01:50:22,413 --> 01:50:24,290 ♪ A bit gouty in the leg 2108 01:50:25,499 --> 01:50:27,126 ♪ You know, it's quite bizarre 2109 01:50:27,210 --> 01:50:29,128 ♪ To think that here we are 2110 01:50:29,212 --> 01:50:32,590 ♪ Playing midwives to an egg 2111 01:50:33,841 --> 01:50:35,051 Egg? What egg? 2112 01:50:35,134 --> 01:50:37,178 America. The birth of a new nation. 2113 01:50:37,261 --> 01:50:38,304 If only we could be sure 2114 01:50:38,387 --> 01:50:40,514 of what kind of a bird it's going to be. 2115 01:50:40,598 --> 01:50:43,142 Tom has a point. What sort of bird shall we choose 2116 01:50:43,226 --> 01:50:45,353 as the symbol of our new America? 2117 01:50:45,436 --> 01:50:47,396 The eagle. 2118 01:50:47,480 --> 01:50:48,898 The dove. 2119 01:50:48,981 --> 01:50:50,358 The turkey. 2120 01:50:51,734 --> 01:50:53,069 The eagle. 2121 01:50:54,028 --> 01:50:56,280 The dove. The eagle! 2122 01:50:57,698 --> 01:50:59,575 The eagle. The turkey. 2123 01:51:00,910 --> 01:51:02,954 The eagle is a majestic bird. 2124 01:51:03,037 --> 01:51:03,996 The eagle is a scavenger, 2125 01:51:04,080 --> 01:51:05,790 a thief and a coward. 2126 01:51:05,873 --> 01:51:07,208 A symbol of over 10 centuries 2127 01:51:07,291 --> 01:51:09,460 of European mischief. 2128 01:51:09,543 --> 01:51:10,836 A turkey? 2129 01:51:10,920 --> 01:51:13,089 The turkey is a truly noble bird. 2130 01:51:13,172 --> 01:51:16,259 Native American. Source of sustenance of our original settlers. 2131 01:51:16,342 --> 01:51:18,552 An incredibly brave fellow who will not flinch 2132 01:51:18,636 --> 01:51:20,179 at attacking a regiment of Englishmen 2133 01:51:20,263 --> 01:51:21,681 single-handedly! 2134 01:51:21,764 --> 01:51:24,433 Therefore, the national bird of America is going to be... 2135 01:51:24,517 --> 01:51:25,518 The eagle! 2136 01:51:25,601 --> 01:51:27,103 The eagle! 2137 01:51:27,603 --> 01:51:30,731 ♪ We're waiting for the chirp, chirp, chirp 2138 01:51:31,524 --> 01:51:34,235 ♪ Of an eaglet being born 2139 01:51:34,318 --> 01:51:37,405 ♪ Waiting for the chirp, chirp, chirp 2140 01:51:37,488 --> 01:51:40,574 ♪ On this humid Monday morning 2141 01:51:40,658 --> 01:51:44,954 ♪ In this congressional incubator 2142 01:51:45,037 --> 01:51:47,915 ♪ God knows the temperature's hot enough 2143 01:51:47,999 --> 01:51:51,544 ♪ To hatch a stone, let alone an egg 2144 01:51:52,962 --> 01:51:56,465 ♪ We're waiting for the scratch, scratch, scratch 2145 01:51:56,549 --> 01:51:59,677 ♪ Of that tiny little fellow 2146 01:51:59,760 --> 01:52:02,763 ♪ Waiting for the egg to hatch 2147 01:52:02,847 --> 01:52:06,017 ♪ On this humid Monday morning 2148 01:52:06,100 --> 01:52:10,229 ♪ In this congressional incubator 2149 01:52:10,313 --> 01:52:13,149 ♪ God knows the temperature's hot enough 2150 01:52:13,232 --> 01:52:14,775 ♪ To hatch a stone 2151 01:52:14,859 --> 01:52:16,986 ♪ But will it hatch an egg? 2152 01:52:18,654 --> 01:52:22,742 The declaration will be a triumph. I tell you, a triumph. 2153 01:52:22,825 --> 01:52:24,952 If I was ever sure of anything, I'm sure of that. 2154 01:52:25,036 --> 01:52:26,370 A triumph. 2155 01:52:27,496 --> 01:52:28,831 And if it isn't, 2156 01:52:28,914 --> 01:52:29,915 we've still got four days left 2157 01:52:29,999 --> 01:52:32,084 to think of something else. 2158 01:52:32,168 --> 01:52:35,713 ♪ The eagle's going to crack the shell 2159 01:52:35,796 --> 01:52:38,507 ♪ Of the egg that England laid 2160 01:52:38,632 --> 01:52:41,594 ♪ Yes, sir, we can tell, tell, tell 2161 01:52:41,677 --> 01:52:44,680 ♪ On this humid Monday morning 2162 01:52:44,764 --> 01:52:49,018 ♪ In this congressional incubator 2163 01:52:49,101 --> 01:52:52,355 ♪ And just as Tom here has written 2164 01:52:52,438 --> 01:52:54,940 ♪ Though the shell may belong to Great Britain 2165 01:52:55,024 --> 01:52:58,778 ♪ The eagle inside belongs to us 2166 01:52:58,861 --> 01:53:01,947 ♪ And just as Tom here has written 2167 01:53:02,031 --> 01:53:04,450 ♪ We say, "To hell with Great Britain" 2168 01:53:04,533 --> 01:53:09,872 ♪ The eagle inside belongs to us ♪ 2169 01:53:21,133 --> 01:53:22,635 "...And to do all other acts and things 2170 01:53:22,718 --> 01:53:25,054 "which independent states may of right do. 2171 01:53:25,388 --> 01:53:27,515 "And for the support of this declaration, 2172 01:53:27,598 --> 01:53:30,184 "we mutually pledge to each other our lives, 2173 01:53:30,267 --> 01:53:32,812 "our fortunes and our sacred honor." 2174 01:53:35,439 --> 01:53:37,358 Thank you, Mr. Thomson. 2175 01:53:38,109 --> 01:53:39,944 The Congress has heard the report 2176 01:53:40,027 --> 01:53:42,029 of the Declaration Committee. 2177 01:53:42,488 --> 01:53:44,782 Are there any here who wish to offer alterations, 2178 01:53:44,865 --> 01:53:47,701 deletions, amendments to this declaration? 2179 01:53:48,661 --> 01:53:50,704 Mr. President! (CLAMORING) 2180 01:53:50,788 --> 01:53:52,540 Gentlemen! 2181 01:53:52,623 --> 01:53:55,251 Gentlemen, please! 2182 01:53:56,585 --> 01:53:58,879 Colonel McKean, I saw your hand first. 2183 01:53:58,963 --> 01:54:00,506 Mr. Jefferson, 2184 01:54:00,589 --> 01:54:03,968 it's a funny paper you've written, Tom, but somewhere in it, 2185 01:54:04,051 --> 01:54:08,013 you mention Scottish and foreign mercenaries sent to destroy us. 2186 01:54:08,806 --> 01:54:10,307 Scottish, Tom? 2187 01:54:10,766 --> 01:54:12,643 That is in reference to a Highland regiment 2188 01:54:12,726 --> 01:54:14,103 which stood against us at Boston. 2189 01:54:15,771 --> 01:54:17,982 It's more likely Germans wearing kilts 2190 01:54:18,065 --> 01:54:20,276 to disguise their being there. (LAUGHING) 2191 01:54:20,401 --> 01:54:22,695 I ask you to remove the word 2192 01:54:22,778 --> 01:54:25,322 and avoid giving offense to a good people. 2193 01:54:25,406 --> 01:54:26,907 Mr. Jefferson? 2194 01:54:28,451 --> 01:54:29,910 The Reverend... 2195 01:54:30,286 --> 01:54:31,328 Witherspoon. 2196 01:54:31,412 --> 01:54:33,664 Mr. Jefferson, nowhere do you mention 2197 01:54:33,747 --> 01:54:35,749 the Supreme Being. 2198 01:54:35,833 --> 01:54:37,418 Now, surely this was an oversight, 2199 01:54:37,501 --> 01:54:42,006 for how could we hope to achieve a victory without His help? 2200 01:54:42,089 --> 01:54:44,550 Therefore, I most humbly suggest the following addition 2201 01:54:44,633 --> 01:54:46,385 to your final sentence. 2202 01:54:46,469 --> 01:54:50,306 "With a firm reliance on the protection of Divine Providence." 2203 01:54:50,639 --> 01:54:51,682 Mr. Jefferson? 2204 01:54:54,810 --> 01:54:55,895 Mr. Read. 2205 01:54:57,605 --> 01:55:00,649 Among your charges against the king, Mr. Jefferson, 2206 01:55:00,733 --> 01:55:02,234 you accuse him of depriving us 2207 01:55:02,318 --> 01:55:04,862 of the benefits of trial by jury. 2208 01:55:04,945 --> 01:55:06,322 This is untrue, sir. 2209 01:55:06,405 --> 01:55:09,325 In Delaware, we've always had trial by jury. 2210 01:55:10,242 --> 01:55:12,077 In Massachusetts, we have not. 2211 01:55:12,828 --> 01:55:14,580 Well, then I suggest that the words 2212 01:55:14,663 --> 01:55:16,499 "in many cases" be added. 2213 01:55:17,500 --> 01:55:19,001 Mr. Jefferson? 2214 01:55:19,502 --> 01:55:22,713 "In many cases"? Brilliant! 2215 01:55:22,796 --> 01:55:25,341 I suppose every time you see those three words, 2216 01:55:25,424 --> 01:55:27,593 your puny chest will swell with pride 2217 01:55:27,676 --> 01:55:30,346 over your great historical contribution. 2218 01:55:30,429 --> 01:55:31,555 It's more memorable 2219 01:55:31,639 --> 01:55:33,766 than your unprincipled whitewash 2220 01:55:33,849 --> 01:55:35,851 of that race of barbarians! 2221 01:55:35,935 --> 01:55:38,395 Race of barbarians? (ALL SHOUTING) 2222 01:55:38,479 --> 01:55:39,772 Why, I'll have you... 2223 01:55:40,397 --> 01:55:42,775 Colonel McKean, Mr. Read, that's enough! 2224 01:55:45,361 --> 01:55:46,987 Mr. Hopkins. I've no objections, Johnny. 2225 01:55:47,071 --> 01:55:48,781 I'm just trying to get a drink. 2226 01:55:48,864 --> 01:55:51,659 I should've known. McNair, get him a rum. 2227 01:55:56,997 --> 01:55:58,374 Mr. Bartlett. 2228 01:55:59,166 --> 01:56:00,334 Mr. Jefferson. 2229 01:56:00,751 --> 01:56:03,546 I beg you to remember that we still have friends in England. 2230 01:56:03,629 --> 01:56:07,550 I see no purpose in antagonizing them with such phrases as... 2231 01:56:08,509 --> 01:56:11,262 "Unfeeling brethren" and "enemies at war." 2232 01:56:11,345 --> 01:56:14,682 Our quarrel is with the British king, not the British people. 2233 01:56:14,765 --> 01:56:16,809 Be sensible, Bartlett. 2234 01:56:16,892 --> 01:56:17,893 Remove those phrases, 2235 01:56:17,977 --> 01:56:20,813 and the entire paragraph becomes meaningless. 2236 01:56:20,896 --> 01:56:24,108 And it so happens that it's one of the most stirring and poetic 2237 01:56:24,191 --> 01:56:27,528 of any passage in the entire document. Now... 2238 01:56:27,611 --> 01:56:31,156 We're a Congress, Mr. Adams, not a literary society. 2239 01:56:31,240 --> 01:56:33,993 I ask that the entire paragraph be stricken. 2240 01:56:34,076 --> 01:56:35,077 Mr. Jefferson? 2241 01:56:37,746 --> 01:56:38,831 Good God. 2242 01:56:38,914 --> 01:56:41,875 Jefferson, when are you going to speak up for your own work? 2243 01:56:41,959 --> 01:56:45,004 I had hoped that the work would speak for itself. 2244 01:56:45,588 --> 01:56:46,964 Mr. Hancock? 2245 01:56:47,590 --> 01:56:48,966 What is it, Mr. McNair? 2246 01:56:49,049 --> 01:56:50,593 I can't say I'm very fond of 2247 01:56:50,676 --> 01:56:52,511 "The United States of America" 2248 01:56:52,595 --> 01:56:54,096 as a name for a new country. 2249 01:56:54,179 --> 01:56:56,015 (ALL SHOUTING) 2250 01:56:56,098 --> 01:56:58,851 I don't care what you're fond of, Mr. McNair. 2251 01:56:58,934 --> 01:57:01,520 You're not a member of this Congress! 2252 01:57:04,732 --> 01:57:06,108 Mr. Sherman. 2253 01:57:06,650 --> 01:57:09,612 Brother Jefferson, I noted at least 2254 01:57:09,695 --> 01:57:11,822 two distinct and direct references 2255 01:57:11,905 --> 01:57:14,450 to the British Parliament in your declaration. 2256 01:57:14,533 --> 01:57:17,161 Do you think it's wise to alienate that august body 2257 01:57:17,244 --> 01:57:18,412 in light of our contention 2258 01:57:18,495 --> 01:57:21,123 that they've never had any authority over us anyway? 2259 01:57:21,206 --> 01:57:23,626 This is a revolution, damn it! 2260 01:57:23,709 --> 01:57:25,794 We're going to have to offend somebody. 2261 01:57:25,878 --> 01:57:27,463 Brother Hancock! 2262 01:57:27,546 --> 01:57:28,547 (ALL SPEAKING INDISTINCTLY) 2263 01:57:31,884 --> 01:57:33,886 John. John. 2264 01:57:33,969 --> 01:57:36,430 You'll give yourself an attack of apoplexy if you're not careful. 2265 01:57:36,513 --> 01:57:37,556 Have you heard what they're doing to it? 2266 01:57:37,640 --> 01:57:38,766 Have you heard? I heard. 2267 01:57:38,849 --> 01:57:40,059 And, so far, that's just our friends. 2268 01:57:40,142 --> 01:57:42,311 Can you imagine what our enemies will do? 2269 01:57:42,394 --> 01:57:45,147 HANCOCK: The word "parliament" will be removed wherever it occurs. 2270 01:57:45,230 --> 01:57:46,565 They won't be satisfied till they remove 2271 01:57:46,649 --> 01:57:48,442 one of the "F's" from Jefferson's name. 2272 01:57:48,525 --> 01:57:51,320 Courage, John. It won't last much longer. 2273 01:57:54,573 --> 01:57:56,075 Mr. Dickinson. 2274 01:57:56,575 --> 01:57:58,619 DICKINSON: Mr. Jefferson, 2275 01:57:58,702 --> 01:58:00,579 I have very little interest in your paper, 2276 01:58:00,663 --> 01:58:02,206 as there's no doubt in my mind 2277 01:58:02,289 --> 01:58:04,375 that we've all but heard the last of it. 2278 01:58:04,458 --> 01:58:07,044 But I am curious about one thing. 2279 01:58:08,003 --> 01:58:11,423 Why do you refer to King George as a tyrant? 2280 01:58:13,133 --> 01:58:15,010 Because he is a tyrant. 2281 01:58:16,011 --> 01:58:17,471 I remind you, Mr. Jefferson, 2282 01:58:17,554 --> 01:58:19,973 that this tyrant is still your king. 2283 01:58:21,684 --> 01:58:23,936 When a king becomes a tyrant, 2284 01:58:24,019 --> 01:58:25,562 he thereby breaks the contract 2285 01:58:25,646 --> 01:58:27,606 binding his subjects to him. 2286 01:58:27,690 --> 01:58:29,316 How so? 2287 01:58:29,400 --> 01:58:31,527 By taking away their rights. 2288 01:58:31,610 --> 01:58:34,571 Rights that came from him in the first place? 2289 01:58:34,655 --> 01:58:36,365 All except one. 2290 01:58:36,448 --> 01:58:39,159 The right to be free comes from nature. 2291 01:58:40,035 --> 01:58:42,996 And are we not free, Mr. Jefferson? 2292 01:58:45,207 --> 01:58:47,334 Homes entered without warrant. 2293 01:58:47,418 --> 01:58:50,546 Citizens arrested without charge. 2294 01:58:50,629 --> 01:58:51,630 And in many places, 2295 01:58:51,714 --> 01:58:54,007 free assembly itself denied. 2296 01:58:54,091 --> 01:58:56,844 No one approves of such things, 2297 01:58:56,927 --> 01:58:59,221 but these are dangerous times. 2298 01:58:59,304 --> 01:59:01,014 Be careful, Mr. Dickinson. 2299 01:59:01,098 --> 01:59:02,641 Those who give up some of their liberty 2300 01:59:02,725 --> 01:59:05,185 in order to obtain a little temporary safety, 2301 01:59:05,269 --> 01:59:07,771 deserve neither liberty nor safety. 2302 01:59:09,440 --> 01:59:10,816 Mr. Wilson. 2303 01:59:12,317 --> 01:59:13,986 Do we in Pennsylvania 2304 01:59:14,069 --> 01:59:15,738 consider King George a tyrant? 2305 01:59:17,072 --> 01:59:19,450 Well, I don't know. 2306 01:59:20,242 --> 01:59:21,368 He... 2307 01:59:22,119 --> 01:59:23,495 Oh. Uh... 2308 01:59:23,579 --> 01:59:25,539 No. No, we don't. 2309 01:59:26,290 --> 01:59:27,958 He's not a tyrant. 2310 01:59:29,001 --> 01:59:30,502 In Pennsylvania. 2311 01:59:30,586 --> 01:59:32,004 There you are, Mr. Jefferson. 2312 01:59:32,087 --> 01:59:34,131 Your declaration does not speak for us all. 2313 01:59:34,214 --> 01:59:36,341 I demand the word "tyrant" be removed. 2314 01:59:36,425 --> 01:59:37,384 THOMSON: Very well. 2315 01:59:37,468 --> 01:59:39,636 Just a moment, Mr. Thomson. 2316 01:59:39,720 --> 01:59:41,346 I do not consent. 2317 01:59:42,306 --> 01:59:44,266 The king is a tyrant 2318 01:59:44,349 --> 01:59:45,934 whether we say so or not. 2319 01:59:47,227 --> 01:59:48,645 We might as well say so. 2320 01:59:48,729 --> 01:59:50,689 But I already scratched it out. 2321 01:59:50,773 --> 01:59:52,691 Then scratch it back in. 2322 01:59:52,775 --> 01:59:54,401 (CLAPPING) 2323 01:59:54,485 --> 01:59:55,527 JEFFERSON: Put it back, Mr. Thomson. 2324 01:59:55,611 --> 01:59:58,030 The king will remain a tyrant. 2325 02:00:02,117 --> 02:00:03,202 Mr. Hewes. 2326 02:00:03,285 --> 02:00:04,703 Mr. Jefferson. 2327 02:00:04,787 --> 02:00:06,830 Nowhere do you mention deep-sea fishing rights. 2328 02:00:06,914 --> 02:00:07,956 (ALL CLAMORING) 2329 02:00:09,291 --> 02:00:13,295 Oh, good God! Fishing rights! 2330 02:00:14,296 --> 02:00:17,132 How long is this piddling to go on? 2331 02:00:17,216 --> 02:00:20,636 We have been here for three full days. 2332 02:00:20,719 --> 02:00:22,471 We have endured, by my count, 2333 02:00:22,554 --> 02:00:24,473 85 separate changes, 2334 02:00:24,556 --> 02:00:27,976 and the removal of close to 400 words. 2335 02:00:28,060 --> 02:00:31,188 Now, would you whip it and beat it till you break its spirit? 2336 02:00:31,271 --> 02:00:33,148 I tell you that document 2337 02:00:33,232 --> 02:00:34,900 is a masterful expression 2338 02:00:34,983 --> 02:00:36,944 of the American mind! 2339 02:00:42,157 --> 02:00:43,826 If there are no more changes, 2340 02:00:43,909 --> 02:00:47,371 then I can assume the report of the Declaration Committee has been... 2341 02:00:47,496 --> 02:00:49,498 Just a moment, Mr. President. 2342 02:00:50,499 --> 02:00:51,750 Look out. 2343 02:00:53,168 --> 02:00:55,712 I wonder if we might prevail upon Mr. Thomson 2344 02:00:55,796 --> 02:00:59,800 to read again a small portion of Mr. Jefferson's declaration. 2345 02:01:00,884 --> 02:01:03,720 The one beginning "He has waged cruel war." 2346 02:01:06,682 --> 02:01:08,851 "He has affected... He's combined... 2347 02:01:08,934 --> 02:01:11,395 "He's abdicated... He's plundered... 2348 02:01:11,478 --> 02:01:14,147 "He's constrained... He's excited... He's incited... 2349 02:01:14,231 --> 02:01:16,650 "He's waged cruel war." Here it is. 2350 02:01:16,733 --> 02:01:19,486 "He's waged cruel war against human nature itself 2351 02:01:19,570 --> 02:01:22,447 "in the persons of a distant people who never offended him, 2352 02:01:22,531 --> 02:01:24,157 "captivating and carrying them 2353 02:01:24,241 --> 02:01:26,451 "into slavery in another hemisphere, 2354 02:01:26,535 --> 02:01:28,120 "Determined to keep open a market 2355 02:01:28,203 --> 02:01:30,163 "where men should be bought and sold, 2356 02:01:30,247 --> 02:01:31,290 "he has prostituted his..." 2357 02:01:31,373 --> 02:01:32,583 That will suffice, Mr. Thomson. 2358 02:01:32,666 --> 02:01:34,459 I thank you, sir. 2359 02:01:34,543 --> 02:01:36,295 Mr. Jefferson, 2360 02:01:36,378 --> 02:01:39,214 I can't quite make out what it is you're talking about. 2361 02:01:41,216 --> 02:01:43,010 Slavery, Mr. Rutledge. 2362 02:01:43,093 --> 02:01:44,344 Oh, yes. 2363 02:01:44,428 --> 02:01:47,055 You're referring to us as slaves of the king. 2364 02:01:47,139 --> 02:01:49,808 No, sir. I'm referring to our slaves. 2365 02:01:49,892 --> 02:01:51,393 Black slaves. 2366 02:01:54,229 --> 02:01:55,689 Black slaves. 2367 02:01:56,899 --> 02:01:59,151 Why didn't you say so, sir? 2368 02:01:59,234 --> 02:02:01,820 Were you trying to hide your meaning? 2369 02:02:02,571 --> 02:02:03,822 No, sir. 2370 02:02:03,906 --> 02:02:06,742 Just another literary license, then. 2371 02:02:07,868 --> 02:02:09,244 If you like. 2372 02:02:10,120 --> 02:02:12,623 I don't like at all, Mr. Jefferson. 2373 02:02:13,665 --> 02:02:15,167 To us, in South Carolina, 2374 02:02:15,250 --> 02:02:17,711 black slavery is our peculiar institution, 2375 02:02:17,794 --> 02:02:19,588 and a cherished way of life. 2376 02:02:19,671 --> 02:02:22,507 Nevertheless, we must abolish it. 2377 02:02:22,591 --> 02:02:25,636 Nothing is more certainly written in the book of fate 2378 02:02:25,719 --> 02:02:27,596 than that these people shall be free. 2379 02:02:27,679 --> 02:02:31,600 I am not concerned with the book of fate right now, Mr. Jefferson. 2380 02:02:31,683 --> 02:02:34,311 I'm more concerned with what is written in that little paper there. 2381 02:02:34,394 --> 02:02:35,687 That little paper there 2382 02:02:35,771 --> 02:02:38,106 deals with freedom for Americans. 2383 02:02:40,108 --> 02:02:41,443 Oh, really? 2384 02:02:42,903 --> 02:02:44,154 Mr. Adams 2385 02:02:44,905 --> 02:02:49,201 is now calling our black slaves "Americans." 2386 02:02:49,284 --> 02:02:50,327 Are they, now? 2387 02:02:50,452 --> 02:02:51,411 Yes, they are. 2388 02:02:51,495 --> 02:02:53,997 They're people and they're here. 2389 02:02:54,081 --> 02:02:55,832 If there's any other requirement, I've never heard of it. 2390 02:02:55,916 --> 02:02:58,794 They are here, yes, but they are not people, sir. They are property. 2391 02:02:58,877 --> 02:03:00,545 No, sir. They are people 2392 02:03:00,629 --> 02:03:03,090 who are being treated as property. 2393 02:03:03,173 --> 02:03:05,884 I tell you, the rights of human nature 2394 02:03:05,968 --> 02:03:07,302 are deeply wounded 2395 02:03:07,386 --> 02:03:09,554 by this infamous practice. 2396 02:03:09,638 --> 02:03:11,515 Then see to your own wounds, Mr. Jefferson, 2397 02:03:11,598 --> 02:03:13,558 for you are a practitioner! 2398 02:03:13,642 --> 02:03:15,060 Are you not? 2399 02:03:21,316 --> 02:03:24,152 I have already resolved 2400 02:03:25,153 --> 02:03:26,947 to release my slaves. 2401 02:03:45,340 --> 02:03:46,883 Then I'm sorry, 2402 02:03:47,759 --> 02:03:49,386 for you've also resolved 2403 02:03:49,469 --> 02:03:51,847 the ruination of your personal economy. 2404 02:03:51,930 --> 02:03:54,307 JOHN: Economy. Always economy. 2405 02:03:55,434 --> 02:03:58,437 There's more to this than a filthy purse string, Rutledge. 2406 02:03:58,520 --> 02:04:00,605 It's an offense against man and God. 2407 02:04:00,689 --> 02:04:02,482 HOPKINS: It's a stinking business, Mr. Rutledge. 2408 02:04:02,566 --> 02:04:04,109 A stinking business. 2409 02:04:04,192 --> 02:04:06,236 Is it really, Mr. Hopkins? 2410 02:04:06,319 --> 02:04:08,405 Then what is that I smell 2411 02:04:08,488 --> 02:04:10,699 floating down from the North? 2412 02:04:12,242 --> 02:04:14,661 Could that be the aroma of hypocrisy? 2413 02:04:14,745 --> 02:04:18,874 For who holds the other end of that filthy purse string, Mr. Adams? 2414 02:04:22,335 --> 02:04:24,796 Our Northern brethren 2415 02:04:24,880 --> 02:04:27,674 feeling a bit tender toward our slaves. 2416 02:04:27,758 --> 02:04:29,676 They don't keep slaves. 2417 02:04:30,218 --> 02:04:31,386 Oh, no. 2418 02:04:32,637 --> 02:04:36,433 But they're willing to be considerable carriers 2419 02:04:36,516 --> 02:04:38,268 of slaves to others. 2420 02:04:39,019 --> 02:04:40,604 They're willing. 2421 02:04:42,064 --> 02:04:43,690 For the shilling. 2422 02:04:44,191 --> 02:04:46,526 Or haven't you heard, Mr. Adams? 2423 02:04:47,903 --> 02:04:50,489 Clink, clink. 2424 02:04:51,573 --> 02:04:54,159 ♪ Molasses to rum 2425 02:04:54,242 --> 02:04:57,079 ♪ To slaves 2426 02:04:57,162 --> 02:05:02,751 ♪ Oh, what a beautiful waltz 2427 02:05:02,834 --> 02:05:05,587 ♪ You dance with us 2428 02:05:05,670 --> 02:05:08,090 ♪ We dance with you 2429 02:05:08,173 --> 02:05:10,967 ♪ In molasses and rum 2430 02:05:11,051 --> 02:05:16,181 ♪ And slaves 2431 02:05:16,264 --> 02:05:19,893 ♪ Who sail the ships out of Boston 2432 02:05:19,976 --> 02:05:23,855 ♪ Ladened with Bibles and rum? 2433 02:05:23,939 --> 02:05:27,567 ♪ Who drinks a toast to the Ivory Coast? 2434 02:05:27,651 --> 02:05:31,571 ♪ Hail Africa, the slavers have come 2435 02:05:31,655 --> 02:05:35,200 ♪ New England with Bibles 2436 02:05:35,283 --> 02:05:37,702 ♪ And rum 2437 02:05:38,453 --> 02:05:41,289 ♪ And it's off with the rum and the Bibles 2438 02:05:41,373 --> 02:05:43,875 ♪ Take on the slaves, clink, clink 2439 02:05:43,959 --> 02:05:48,046 ♪ Then hail and farewell to the smell 2440 02:05:48,130 --> 02:05:52,300 ♪ Of the African coast 2441 02:05:55,720 --> 02:05:58,306 ♪ Molasses to rum 2442 02:05:58,390 --> 02:06:00,767 ♪ To slaves 2443 02:06:00,851 --> 02:06:06,398 ♪ 'Tisn't morals, 'tis money that saves 2444 02:06:06,481 --> 02:06:09,317 ♪ Shall we dance to the sound 2445 02:06:09,401 --> 02:06:11,736 ♪ Of the profitable pound? 2446 02:06:11,820 --> 02:06:14,239 ♪ In molasses and rum 2447 02:06:14,322 --> 02:06:19,578 ♪ And slaves 2448 02:06:19,661 --> 02:06:23,206 ♪ Who sail the ships out of Guinea 2449 02:06:23,290 --> 02:06:26,877 ♪ Ladened with Bibles and slaves? 2450 02:06:26,960 --> 02:06:30,672 ♪ 'Tis Boston can boast to the West Indies coast 2451 02:06:30,755 --> 02:06:34,384 ♪ Jamaica, we brung what ye craves 2452 02:06:34,467 --> 02:06:38,013 ♪ Antigua, Barbados 2453 02:06:38,096 --> 02:06:41,474 ♪ We brung Bibles 2454 02:06:41,558 --> 02:06:45,312 ♪ And slaves 2455 02:06:45,395 --> 02:06:48,440 Gentlemen, you mustn't think that our Northern friends 2456 02:06:48,523 --> 02:06:52,068 see our black slaves as merely figures in a ledger. 2457 02:06:52,152 --> 02:06:53,445 Oh, no. 2458 02:06:53,528 --> 02:06:57,782 They see them as figures on a block. 2459 02:06:57,866 --> 02:07:00,535 Look at the faces at the auctions, gentlemen. 2460 02:07:00,619 --> 02:07:03,121 White faces on African wharves. 2461 02:07:03,205 --> 02:07:04,831 Seafaring faces. 2462 02:07:04,915 --> 02:07:06,666 New England faces. 2463 02:07:06,750 --> 02:07:09,127 "Put them in the ships." 2464 02:07:09,211 --> 02:07:11,796 "Cram them in the ships." 2465 02:07:11,880 --> 02:07:15,634 "Stuff them in the ships." 2466 02:07:15,717 --> 02:07:19,012 Hurry, gentlemen. Let the auction begin. 2467 02:07:19,554 --> 02:07:24,643 ♪ Ya-ha, ya-ha-ma-cundah 2468 02:07:24,726 --> 02:07:28,521 Gentlemen, do you hear? That's the cry of the auctioneer. 2469 02:07:28,605 --> 02:07:33,693 ♪ Ya-ha, ya-ha-ma-cundah 2470 02:07:33,777 --> 02:07:36,196 ♪ Slaves, gentlemen! 2471 02:07:36,279 --> 02:07:38,657 ♪ Black gold! 2472 02:07:38,740 --> 02:07:41,159 ♪ Living gold! 2473 02:07:41,243 --> 02:07:44,913 ♪ Gold from Angola! 2474 02:07:44,996 --> 02:07:46,873 ♪ Guinea, Guinea, Guinea! 2475 02:07:46,957 --> 02:07:49,751 ♪ Blackbirds for sale 2476 02:07:49,834 --> 02:07:54,381 ♪ Ashanti, Ibo, Ibo, Ibo! 2477 02:07:54,464 --> 02:07:57,342 ♪ Blackbirds for sale 2478 02:07:57,425 --> 02:08:01,346 ♪ Handle them! 2479 02:08:01,763 --> 02:08:05,183 ♪ Fondle them! 2480 02:08:05,267 --> 02:08:08,353 ♪ But don't finger them! 2481 02:08:08,436 --> 02:08:10,647 ♪ They're prime 2482 02:08:10,730 --> 02:08:13,400 ♪ They're prime 2483 02:08:13,483 --> 02:08:20,198 ♪ Ya-ha, ya-ha-ma-cundah 2484 02:08:20,782 --> 02:08:23,994 For the love of God, Mr. Rutledge, please. 2485 02:08:33,044 --> 02:08:35,964 ♪ Molasses to rum 2486 02:08:36,047 --> 02:08:39,467 ♪ To slaves 2487 02:08:39,551 --> 02:08:44,556 ♪ Who sail the ships back to Boston 2488 02:08:44,639 --> 02:08:47,017 ♪ Ladened with gold 2489 02:08:47,100 --> 02:08:50,228 ♪ See it gleam 2490 02:08:50,312 --> 02:08:55,025 ♪ Whose fortunes are made in the triangle trade 2491 02:08:55,108 --> 02:08:59,529 ♪ Hail slavery, the New England dream 2492 02:08:59,612 --> 02:09:02,157 ♪ Mr. Adams, I give you a toast 2493 02:09:03,199 --> 02:09:05,452 ♪ Hail, Boston 2494 02:09:05,535 --> 02:09:08,121 ♪ Hail, Charleston 2495 02:09:09,664 --> 02:09:16,671 ♪ Who stinketh the most? ♪ 2496 02:09:24,929 --> 02:09:27,349 JOHN: Mr. Rutledge, please! 2497 02:09:30,143 --> 02:09:31,478 Mr. Hewes. 2498 02:09:34,939 --> 02:09:36,191 Dr. Hall. 2499 02:09:47,035 --> 02:09:49,621 Don't worry, John. They'll be back. 2500 02:09:49,704 --> 02:09:52,332 Aye, to vote us down. 2501 02:09:59,005 --> 02:10:01,007 CHASE: Adams! Franklin! 2502 02:10:02,550 --> 02:10:04,469 It's done. I have it. 2503 02:10:04,552 --> 02:10:07,013 And the Maryland Assembly's approved it. 2504 02:10:07,097 --> 02:10:09,224 I told them about one of the greatest 2505 02:10:09,307 --> 02:10:12,227 military engagements in history 2506 02:10:12,310 --> 02:10:14,437 against a flock of... 2507 02:10:17,732 --> 02:10:19,192 What's wrong? 2508 02:10:20,777 --> 02:10:21,778 I thought... 2509 02:10:21,861 --> 02:10:23,780 You'll have to forgive them, Mr. Chase. 2510 02:10:23,863 --> 02:10:26,533 They just suffered a slight setback. 2511 02:10:26,616 --> 02:10:29,327 And after all, "What is a man profited 2512 02:10:29,411 --> 02:10:33,665 "if he shall gain Maryland and lose the entire South?" 2513 02:10:34,874 --> 02:10:37,752 Matthew, Chapter 16, Verse 26. 2514 02:10:39,504 --> 02:10:40,713 McNair. 2515 02:10:41,381 --> 02:10:43,216 Oh, I know. The flies. 2516 02:10:43,299 --> 02:10:44,342 No. 2517 02:10:45,260 --> 02:10:46,511 The rum. 2518 02:10:51,141 --> 02:10:53,935 Well, what are we all sitting around for, hmm? 2519 02:10:55,311 --> 02:10:57,021 We're wasting time. Precious time. 2520 02:10:57,105 --> 02:10:59,190 Thomas, I want you to ride down into Delaware 2521 02:10:59,274 --> 02:11:00,900 and fetch back Caesar Rodney. 2522 02:11:00,984 --> 02:11:04,320 John, are you mad? It's 80 miles, and he's a dying man. 2523 02:11:04,404 --> 02:11:06,030 No, he's a patriot. 2524 02:11:06,114 --> 02:11:08,908 (SCOFFS) John, what good will it do? The South's done us in. 2525 02:11:08,992 --> 02:11:10,618 And suppose they change their minds? 2526 02:11:10,702 --> 02:11:13,204 Can we get Delaware without Rodney? 2527 02:11:15,957 --> 02:11:19,002 God! What a bastardly bunch we are. 2528 02:11:21,546 --> 02:11:23,047 Stephen, I want you to... 2529 02:11:23,131 --> 02:11:24,799 I'm going to the tavern, Johnny. 2530 02:11:24,883 --> 02:11:28,428 If there's anything I can do for you there, let me know. 2531 02:11:29,345 --> 02:11:30,513 Chase. 2532 02:11:31,389 --> 02:11:32,474 Bartlett! 2533 02:11:32,557 --> 02:11:36,144 What's the use, John? The vote's tomorrow morning. 2534 02:11:36,227 --> 02:11:38,646 There's less than a full day left. 2535 02:11:42,025 --> 02:11:43,568 Roger. 2536 02:11:43,651 --> 02:11:46,154 Face facts, John. It's finished. 2537 02:11:48,907 --> 02:11:50,492 I'm sorry, John. 2538 02:11:58,875 --> 02:12:00,835 We have no choice, John. 2539 02:12:02,003 --> 02:12:03,838 The slavery clause has got to go. 2540 02:12:07,091 --> 02:12:08,510 Franklin, what are you saying? 2541 02:12:09,010 --> 02:12:10,803 It's a luxury we can't afford. 2542 02:12:11,930 --> 02:12:13,181 A luxury? 2543 02:12:15,600 --> 02:12:19,354 A half million souls in chains, 2544 02:12:19,437 --> 02:12:22,440 and Dr. Franklin calls it a luxury. 2545 02:12:23,566 --> 02:12:25,443 Maybe you should've walked out with the South. 2546 02:12:25,985 --> 02:12:27,946 You forget yourself, sir. 2547 02:12:28,029 --> 02:12:31,199 I founded the first anti-slavery society on this continent. 2548 02:12:31,658 --> 02:12:33,284 Don't wave your credentials at me. 2549 02:12:33,368 --> 02:12:34,953 Perhaps it's time you had them renewed. 2550 02:12:35,578 --> 02:12:38,623 The issue here is independence. 2551 02:12:38,706 --> 02:12:41,501 Perhaps you've forgotten that fact, but I have not. 2552 02:12:41,584 --> 02:12:45,129 How dare you jeopardize our cause 2553 02:12:45,213 --> 02:12:47,131 when we've come so far! 2554 02:12:48,758 --> 02:12:50,093 These men, 2555 02:12:51,386 --> 02:12:53,638 no matter how much we may disagree with them, 2556 02:12:53,721 --> 02:12:57,141 are not ribbon clerks to be ordered about. 2557 02:12:57,225 --> 02:13:00,436 They're proud, accomplished men. The cream of their colonies. 2558 02:13:00,520 --> 02:13:01,980 And whether you like it or not, 2559 02:13:02,063 --> 02:13:03,523 they and the people they represent 2560 02:13:03,606 --> 02:13:07,485 will be part of this new nation you hope to create. 2561 02:13:07,569 --> 02:13:10,780 Now either learn how to live with them or pack up and go home. 2562 02:13:16,411 --> 02:13:19,497 In any case, stop acting like a Boston fishwife. 2563 02:13:33,595 --> 02:13:36,472 Good God. What's happened to me? 2564 02:13:36,556 --> 02:13:39,851 John Adams. The great John Adams. 2565 02:13:40,351 --> 02:13:41,894 What have I come to? 2566 02:13:41,978 --> 02:13:43,855 Law practice down the pipe. 2567 02:13:43,938 --> 02:13:46,065 Farm mortgaged to the hilt. 2568 02:13:46,149 --> 02:13:49,277 At a stage in life when other men prosper, 2569 02:13:49,360 --> 02:13:51,988 I'm reduced to living in Philadelphia. 2570 02:13:54,032 --> 02:13:55,491 Philadelphia. 2571 02:13:58,911 --> 02:14:00,455 (SIGHS) 2572 02:14:04,876 --> 02:14:07,462 Abigail, what am I going to do? 2573 02:14:07,545 --> 02:14:08,796 ABIGAIL: Do, John? 2574 02:14:10,131 --> 02:14:11,799 I need your help. 2575 02:14:12,467 --> 02:14:15,094 You don't usually ask my advice. 2576 02:14:15,178 --> 02:14:18,598 Yes, well, there doesn't appear to be anyone else right now. 2577 02:14:18,681 --> 02:14:20,808 Very well, John. What is it? 2578 02:14:21,559 --> 02:14:24,979 The entire South has just walked out of this Congress, 2579 02:14:25,605 --> 02:14:29,567 George Washington is on the verge of total annihilation, 2580 02:14:29,651 --> 02:14:32,654 and the precious cause for which I have labored these several years 2581 02:14:32,737 --> 02:14:34,489 has come to nothing. 2582 02:14:36,449 --> 02:14:39,911 And it seems that I'm obnoxious and disliked. 2583 02:14:39,994 --> 02:14:41,621 Nonsense, John. 2584 02:14:42,372 --> 02:14:44,832 That I am unwilling to face reality. 2585 02:14:44,916 --> 02:14:47,043 Foolishness, John. 2586 02:14:47,126 --> 02:14:48,836 That I'm pigheaded. 2587 02:14:49,462 --> 02:14:51,255 Ah, well, there you have me, John. 2588 02:14:51,339 --> 02:14:53,383 I'm afraid you are pigheaded. (CHUCKLES) 2589 02:14:57,303 --> 02:14:58,638 Well, yes. 2590 02:15:01,224 --> 02:15:02,517 Oh, Abby. 2591 02:15:03,976 --> 02:15:06,688 Has it been any kind of a life for you? 2592 02:15:07,563 --> 02:15:09,816 God knows I haven't given you very much. 2593 02:15:10,692 --> 02:15:12,568 I never asked for more. 2594 02:15:13,361 --> 02:15:15,279 After all, I am Mrs. John Adams. 2595 02:15:15,363 --> 02:15:17,907 That's quite a lot for one lifetime. 2596 02:15:20,201 --> 02:15:21,619 Is it, Abby? 2597 02:15:22,412 --> 02:15:24,414 Well, think of it, John. To be married to the man 2598 02:15:24,497 --> 02:15:27,583 who is always the first in line to be hanged... 2599 02:15:27,667 --> 02:15:29,168 (BOTH CHUCKLE) 2600 02:15:31,921 --> 02:15:33,840 Yes. The agitator. 2601 02:15:36,384 --> 02:15:37,719 Why, Abby? 2602 02:15:39,804 --> 02:15:42,223 You must tell me what it is. I... 2603 02:15:42,890 --> 02:15:46,144 Well, I have always been dissatisfied. I know that. 2604 02:15:47,645 --> 02:15:52,233 But lately, I find that I reek of discontentment. 2605 02:15:52,316 --> 02:15:55,653 It fills my throat and it floods my brain. 2606 02:15:58,906 --> 02:15:59,907 (SIGHS) 2607 02:15:59,991 --> 02:16:02,910 Sometimes I fear there is no longer a dream, 2608 02:16:04,203 --> 02:16:06,330 but only the discontentment. 2609 02:16:08,458 --> 02:16:09,876 Oh, John. 2610 02:16:12,295 --> 02:16:15,298 Can you really know so little about yourself? 2611 02:16:16,883 --> 02:16:18,176 Can you think so little of me 2612 02:16:18,259 --> 02:16:21,637 that you'd believe I'd marry the man you've described? 2613 02:16:23,806 --> 02:16:27,393 Have you forgotten what you used to say to me? I haven't. 2614 02:16:28,770 --> 02:16:30,855 "Commitment, Abby. 2615 02:16:31,939 --> 02:16:33,316 "Commitment. 2616 02:16:34,776 --> 02:16:38,780 "There are only two creatures of value on the face of this Earth. 2617 02:16:39,864 --> 02:16:42,033 "Those with a commitment, 2618 02:16:42,116 --> 02:16:45,286 "and those who require the commitment of others." 2619 02:16:47,455 --> 02:16:49,290 Do you remember, John? 2620 02:16:51,542 --> 02:16:53,127 Yes, I remember. 2621 02:16:53,753 --> 02:16:55,671 McNAIR: Mr. Adams! 2622 02:16:55,963 --> 02:16:56,964 Mmm. 2623 02:16:57,298 --> 02:16:59,634 Are you up there, Mr. Adams? 2624 02:17:00,301 --> 02:17:01,969 What do you want? 2625 02:17:02,386 --> 02:17:06,182 There's a delivery down here for you. 2626 02:17:06,265 --> 02:17:07,642 What is it? 2627 02:17:09,519 --> 02:17:11,729 Where did it come from? Who sent it? 2628 02:17:17,985 --> 02:17:22,615 ♪ Compliments of the Concord Ladies' Coffee Club 2629 02:17:22,698 --> 02:17:27,578 ♪ And the Sisterhood of the Truro Synagogue 2630 02:17:27,662 --> 02:17:32,542 ♪ And the Friday Evening Baptist Sewing Circle 2631 02:17:32,625 --> 02:17:37,588 ♪ And the Holy Christian Sisters of St. Claire 2632 02:17:37,672 --> 02:17:41,676 ♪ All for you 2633 02:17:41,759 --> 02:17:44,887 ♪ John 2634 02:17:44,971 --> 02:17:50,393 ♪ I am as I ever was 2635 02:17:50,476 --> 02:17:55,356 ♪ And ever shall be 2636 02:17:55,439 --> 02:18:00,945 ♪ Yours, yours, yours 2637 02:18:01,028 --> 02:18:03,656 ♪ Yours 2638 02:18:03,739 --> 02:18:06,993 Abigail, what's in these kegs? 2639 02:18:07,493 --> 02:18:14,041 ♪ Saltpeter, John ♪ 2640 02:18:21,883 --> 02:18:23,050 McNair! 2641 02:18:23,926 --> 02:18:27,138 McNair, go out and buy every damned pin you can find in Philadelphia. 2642 02:18:27,221 --> 02:18:28,973 Pin? What sort of pin? 2643 02:18:29,056 --> 02:18:31,976 Well, I don't know. Whatever the ladies use for their sewing. 2644 02:18:32,059 --> 02:18:35,479 Franklin, Jefferson, what are you all sitting around for? 2645 02:18:35,563 --> 02:18:37,273 Didn't you hear a word I said before? 2646 02:18:37,356 --> 02:18:39,108 Oh, never mind about that. 2647 02:18:39,191 --> 02:18:40,818 Now, here's what I want you to do. 2648 02:18:40,902 --> 02:18:43,112 John, I'm not even speaking to you. 2649 02:18:43,195 --> 02:18:45,948 It's too late for that, damn it. There's work to be done. 2650 02:18:46,032 --> 02:18:47,867 Jefferson, go find Rutledge. 2651 02:18:47,950 --> 02:18:49,911 Don't come back until you've worn him down. 2652 02:18:49,994 --> 02:18:51,913 Now, you're both Southern aristocrats. 2653 02:18:51,996 --> 02:18:54,081 If he'll listen to anybody, he'll listen to you. 2654 02:18:54,165 --> 02:18:56,083 Franklin, out of that chair! 2655 02:18:56,167 --> 02:18:58,794 What good is the South if you can't deliver Pennsylvania, hmm? 2656 02:18:58,878 --> 02:19:00,463 Talk to Wilson. 2657 02:19:00,546 --> 02:19:01,797 Get him away from Dickinson. 2658 02:19:01,881 --> 02:19:05,051 That's the only way to do it. Go on, now, both of you. 2659 02:19:05,259 --> 02:19:06,260 John... 2660 02:19:06,344 --> 02:19:07,762 Time's running out, damn it. 2661 02:19:08,638 --> 02:19:09,931 Now move. 2662 02:19:13,309 --> 02:19:14,852 I'm still from Massachusetts, John. 2663 02:19:16,812 --> 02:19:18,731 You know where I stand. 2664 02:19:19,190 --> 02:19:20,524 I'll do whatever you say. 2665 02:19:24,070 --> 02:19:25,237 No. 2666 02:19:26,530 --> 02:19:29,116 No, you're the president of Congress. 2667 02:19:30,368 --> 02:19:33,079 You're a fair man, Hancock. Stay that way. 2668 02:19:35,456 --> 02:19:36,832 (FOOTSTEPS) 2669 02:19:55,351 --> 02:19:58,813 Tell me, Mr. Thomson, out of curiosity, 2670 02:19:59,522 --> 02:20:03,109 do you stand with Mr. Dickinson, or do you stand with me? 2671 02:20:05,069 --> 02:20:07,071 I stand with the General. 2672 02:20:08,990 --> 02:20:13,285 Well, lately, I've had the oddest feeling that he's been 2673 02:20:13,369 --> 02:20:14,870 writing to me. 2674 02:20:18,958 --> 02:20:21,961 ♪ I have been in expectation 2675 02:20:22,044 --> 02:20:25,256 ♪ Of receiving a reply 2676 02:20:25,339 --> 02:20:31,512 ♪ On the subject of my last 15 dispatches 2677 02:20:32,680 --> 02:20:37,935 ♪ Is anybody there? 2678 02:20:39,103 --> 02:20:44,692 ♪ Does anybody care? 2679 02:20:45,860 --> 02:20:51,282 ♪ Does anybody care? ♪ 2680 02:20:53,451 --> 02:20:55,870 "Your humble and obedient..." 2681 02:21:29,111 --> 02:21:30,780 "Is anybody there? 2682 02:21:31,322 --> 02:21:32,573 (SCOFFS) 2683 02:21:34,450 --> 02:21:36,702 "Does anybody care?" 2684 02:21:40,372 --> 02:21:46,879 ♪ Does anybody see what I see? 2685 02:21:50,591 --> 02:21:52,927 ♪ They want me to quit 2686 02:21:53,928 --> 02:21:58,265 ♪ They say, "John, give up the fight" 2687 02:21:58,349 --> 02:22:01,435 ♪ Still to England, I say 2688 02:22:01,519 --> 02:22:04,939 ♪ Good night, forever, good night! 2689 02:22:05,940 --> 02:22:10,611 ♪ For I have crossed the Rubicon 2690 02:22:10,694 --> 02:22:13,489 ♪ Let the bridge be burned behind me 2691 02:22:13,572 --> 02:22:15,866 ♪ Come what may 2692 02:22:15,950 --> 02:22:18,035 ♪ Come what may 2693 02:22:18,119 --> 02:22:19,203 Commitment! 2694 02:22:19,620 --> 02:22:23,874 ♪ The croakers all say we'll rue the day 2695 02:22:23,958 --> 02:22:29,213 ♪ There'll be hell to pay in fiery purgatory 2696 02:22:29,296 --> 02:22:33,050 ♪ Through all the gloom, through all the gloom 2697 02:22:33,134 --> 02:22:37,096 ♪ I can see the rays of ravishing light 2698 02:22:37,179 --> 02:22:39,515 ♪ And glory 2699 02:22:39,974 --> 02:22:41,976 ♪ Is anybody there? 2700 02:22:43,227 --> 02:22:45,646 ♪ Does anybody care? 2701 02:22:46,355 --> 02:22:49,400 ♪ Does anybody see what I see? 2702 02:22:50,526 --> 02:22:52,486 ♪ I see fireworks 2703 02:22:53,195 --> 02:22:56,532 ♪ I see the pageant and pomp and parade 2704 02:22:56,615 --> 02:22:59,076 ♪ I hear the bells ringing out 2705 02:22:59,160 --> 02:23:02,288 ♪ I hear the cannons roar 2706 02:23:02,371 --> 02:23:04,915 ♪ I see Americans 2707 02:23:04,999 --> 02:23:08,419 ♪ All Americans free 2708 02:23:08,502 --> 02:23:11,755 ♪ Forevermore 2709 02:23:24,685 --> 02:23:30,232 ♪ How quiet, how quiet the chamber is 2710 02:23:31,525 --> 02:23:38,365 ♪ How silent, how silent the chamber is 2711 02:23:42,119 --> 02:23:47,499 ♪ Is anybody there? 2712 02:23:48,876 --> 02:23:54,048 ♪ Does anybody care? 2713 02:23:55,925 --> 02:24:01,263 ♪ Does anybody see what I see? ♪ 2714 02:24:02,890 --> 02:24:04,433 HALL: Yes, Mr. Adams. 2715 02:24:06,435 --> 02:24:07,603 I do. 2716 02:24:11,398 --> 02:24:12,691 Dr. Hall. 2717 02:24:13,484 --> 02:24:15,569 I didn't know anyone was... 2718 02:24:16,695 --> 02:24:18,822 I'm sorry if I startled you. 2719 02:24:19,698 --> 02:24:21,325 I couldn't sleep. 2720 02:24:22,368 --> 02:24:25,788 And in trying to resolve my dilemma, 2721 02:24:25,871 --> 02:24:28,791 I remembered something I'd once read. 2722 02:24:28,874 --> 02:24:32,670 That a representative owes the people not only his industry, 2723 02:24:32,753 --> 02:24:35,256 but his judgment. 2724 02:24:35,339 --> 02:24:38,801 And he betrays them if he sacrifices it to their opinion. 2725 02:24:41,929 --> 02:24:44,306 That was written by Edmund Burke, 2726 02:24:45,849 --> 02:24:48,352 a member of the British Parliament. 2727 02:25:17,298 --> 02:25:19,216 Good night, Mr. Adams. 2728 02:25:19,300 --> 02:25:20,634 Good night. 2729 02:25:31,729 --> 02:25:33,439 FRANKLIN: It's never been done before. 2730 02:25:33,522 --> 02:25:36,108 No colony has ever broken from the parent stem in the history of the world. 2731 02:25:36,191 --> 02:25:38,861 DICKINSON: If you have grievances, and I'm sure you have, 2732 02:25:38,944 --> 02:25:40,487 our present system must provide 2733 02:25:40,571 --> 02:25:42,072 a gentler means of redressing them 2734 02:25:42,156 --> 02:25:43,115 short of revolution. 2735 02:25:43,198 --> 02:25:44,283 FRANKLIN: We've spawned a new race here. 2736 02:25:44,366 --> 02:25:45,576 Rougher, simpler, 2737 02:25:45,659 --> 02:25:48,370 more violent, more enterprising, less refined. 2738 02:25:48,454 --> 02:25:51,915 THOMSON: "My quartermaster has no food, no arms, no ammunition, 2739 02:25:51,999 --> 02:25:54,460 "and my troops are in a state of near mutiny." 2740 02:25:54,585 --> 02:25:56,837 DICKINSON: No army, no navy... THOMSON: "I pray God some relief arrives 2741 02:25:56,920 --> 02:25:57,921 "before the armada, but fear it will not." 2742 02:25:58,005 --> 02:25:59,089 DICKINSON: ...no arms, no ammunition, 2743 02:25:59,173 --> 02:26:00,174 no treasury, no friends. 2744 02:26:00,257 --> 02:26:02,092 RUTLEDGE: And when they hang you, Mr. Adams, 2745 02:26:02,176 --> 02:26:04,678 I do hope you'll put in a good word for the rest of us. 2746 02:26:04,762 --> 02:26:07,890 RODNEY: England closing in, cutting off our air. 2747 02:26:07,973 --> 02:26:08,974 There's no time! 2748 02:26:09,058 --> 02:26:12,227 JEFFERSON: To place before mankind the common sense of the subject... 2749 02:26:12,311 --> 02:26:14,605 FRANKLIN: The issue here is independence. 2750 02:26:14,688 --> 02:26:16,565 Perhaps you've lost sight of that fact, but I have not. 2751 02:26:16,648 --> 02:26:18,275 THOMSON: "We mutually pledge to each other our lives 2752 02:26:18,359 --> 02:26:21,362 "our fortunes and our sacred honor." 2753 02:26:22,112 --> 02:26:25,115 ABIGAIL: Can you really know so little about yourself? 2754 02:26:30,162 --> 02:26:31,497 Very well. 2755 02:26:33,415 --> 02:26:36,502 The Congress will now vote on Virginia's resolution on independence. 2756 02:26:36,585 --> 02:26:37,586 (DOOR OPENS) 2757 02:26:40,172 --> 02:26:41,382 (SIGHS) 2758 02:26:45,594 --> 02:26:46,845 Thank you for coming, Caesar. 2759 02:26:47,805 --> 02:26:49,556 God bless you, sir. 2760 02:26:55,062 --> 02:26:57,231 The secretary will call the roll. 2761 02:26:57,314 --> 02:27:00,275 And I remind you, gentlemen, 2762 02:27:00,359 --> 02:27:02,528 that a single "nay" vote 2763 02:27:03,654 --> 02:27:05,572 will defeat the motion. 2764 02:27:06,865 --> 02:27:08,242 Mr. Thomson. 2765 02:27:13,414 --> 02:27:14,915 New Hampshire? 2766 02:27:15,290 --> 02:27:16,458 New Hampshire says yea. 2767 02:27:16,542 --> 02:27:19,044 New Hampshire says yea. Massachusetts? 2768 02:27:19,128 --> 02:27:20,295 Massachusetts says yea. 2769 02:27:20,379 --> 02:27:22,756 Massachusetts says yea. Rhode Island? 2770 02:27:22,840 --> 02:27:24,174 Rhode Island says yea. 2771 02:27:24,258 --> 02:27:26,802 Rhode Island says yea. Connecticut? 2772 02:27:26,885 --> 02:27:28,095 Connecticut says yea. 2773 02:27:28,178 --> 02:27:30,973 Connecticut says yea. New York? 2774 02:27:31,056 --> 02:27:34,309 Mr. Secretary, New York abstains courteously. 2775 02:27:34,393 --> 02:27:35,519 New York abstains. 2776 02:27:35,602 --> 02:27:36,728 Courteously. 2777 02:27:38,147 --> 02:27:39,690 New Jersey? 2778 02:27:39,773 --> 02:27:41,066 New Jersey says yea. 2779 02:27:41,150 --> 02:27:43,735 New Jersey says yea. Pennsylvania? 2780 02:27:45,737 --> 02:27:47,906 Mr. Secretary, Pennsylvania is not ready. 2781 02:27:47,990 --> 02:27:50,200 Please come back to us later. 2782 02:27:50,284 --> 02:27:52,536 THOMSON: Pennsylvania passes. Delaware? 2783 02:27:52,619 --> 02:27:53,662 Just a moment. 2784 02:27:54,705 --> 02:27:57,958 Delaware, by majority vote... 2785 02:27:58,542 --> 02:27:59,543 Aye. 2786 02:27:59,626 --> 02:28:01,211 ...says yea. 2787 02:28:01,295 --> 02:28:04,256 Delaware says yea. Maryland? 2788 02:28:04,339 --> 02:28:05,549 Maryland says yea. 2789 02:28:05,632 --> 02:28:07,259 Maryland says yea. Virginia? 2790 02:28:07,342 --> 02:28:08,385 Virginia says yea. 2791 02:28:08,469 --> 02:28:10,554 Virginia says yea. North Carolina? 2792 02:28:10,637 --> 02:28:13,390 North Carolina yields to South Carolina. 2793 02:28:14,641 --> 02:28:15,642 South Carolina? 2794 02:28:16,643 --> 02:28:18,312 Well, Mr. Adams? 2795 02:28:19,438 --> 02:28:20,731 Well, Mr. Rutledge. 2796 02:28:23,817 --> 02:28:25,152 Mr. Adams, 2797 02:28:27,654 --> 02:28:31,617 you must believe that I will do what I promised to do. 2798 02:28:38,373 --> 02:28:39,958 What is it you want, Rutledge? 2799 02:28:40,042 --> 02:28:43,670 Remove the offending passage from your declaration. 2800 02:28:44,046 --> 02:28:46,173 If we did that, we would be guilty 2801 02:28:46,256 --> 02:28:49,176 of what we ourselves are rebelling against. 2802 02:28:51,136 --> 02:28:53,347 Nevertheless remove it, 2803 02:28:54,097 --> 02:28:57,184 or South Carolina will bury now and forever 2804 02:28:57,267 --> 02:28:59,353 your dream of independence. 2805 02:29:00,395 --> 02:29:03,857 John, I beg you, consider what you're doing. 2806 02:29:10,822 --> 02:29:12,449 Mark me, Franklin, 2807 02:29:13,575 --> 02:29:16,036 if we give in on this issue, 2808 02:29:16,119 --> 02:29:18,622 posterity will never forgive us. 2809 02:29:18,705 --> 02:29:20,791 That's probably true, but we won't hear a thing. 2810 02:29:20,874 --> 02:29:22,960 We'll be long gone. 2811 02:29:23,043 --> 02:29:27,381 Besides, what will posterity think we were? Demigods? 2812 02:29:28,048 --> 02:29:29,633 We're men, no more, no less, 2813 02:29:29,716 --> 02:29:32,594 trying to get a nation started against greater odds 2814 02:29:32,678 --> 02:29:35,556 than a more generous God would have allowed. 2815 02:29:36,181 --> 02:29:39,434 First things first, John. Independence. America. 2816 02:29:39,518 --> 02:29:41,979 If we don't secure that, 2817 02:29:42,062 --> 02:29:44,565 what difference will the rest make? 2818 02:29:50,696 --> 02:29:52,698 Jefferson, say something. 2819 02:29:55,158 --> 02:29:57,160 What else is there to do? 2820 02:29:58,078 --> 02:30:00,831 Well, man, you're the one that wrote it. 2821 02:30:01,707 --> 02:30:04,835 I wrote all of it, Mr. Adams. 2822 02:30:26,106 --> 02:30:27,316 There. 2823 02:30:27,399 --> 02:30:30,110 There it is, Rutledge. You have your slavery. Little good may it do you. 2824 02:30:30,193 --> 02:30:32,112 You now vote, damn you! 2825 02:30:33,697 --> 02:30:37,492 Mr. President, the fair colony of South Carolina 2826 02:30:38,785 --> 02:30:40,370 says yea. 2827 02:30:40,454 --> 02:30:41,955 South Carolina says yea. 2828 02:30:42,039 --> 02:30:43,540 North Carolina says yea. 2829 02:30:43,624 --> 02:30:45,584 North Carolina says yea. 2830 02:30:47,127 --> 02:30:48,211 Georgia? 2831 02:30:48,295 --> 02:30:49,671 Georgia says yea. 2832 02:30:49,755 --> 02:30:51,298 Georgia says yea. 2833 02:30:52,633 --> 02:30:54,426 Pennsylvania, second call. 2834 02:30:56,470 --> 02:30:58,305 Mr. President, 2835 02:30:58,388 --> 02:31:01,558 Pennsylvania regrets all of the inconvenience 2836 02:31:01,642 --> 02:31:06,688 that such distinguished men as Adams, Franklin and Jefferson 2837 02:31:06,772 --> 02:31:08,607 were put to just now. 2838 02:31:08,690 --> 02:31:10,484 They might've kept their document intact 2839 02:31:10,567 --> 02:31:13,153 for all the difference it will make. 2840 02:31:13,236 --> 02:31:14,863 Mr. President, 2841 02:31:15,280 --> 02:31:16,657 Pennsylvania says... 2842 02:31:16,740 --> 02:31:17,824 Just a moment. 2843 02:31:19,493 --> 02:31:21,495 I ask the delegation to be polled. 2844 02:31:22,245 --> 02:31:24,373 Dr. Franklin, don't be absurd. 2845 02:31:24,831 --> 02:31:27,834 A poll, Mr. President. It's a proper request. 2846 02:31:28,085 --> 02:31:29,252 HANCOCK: Yes, it is. 2847 02:31:29,336 --> 02:31:31,630 Poll the delegation, Mr. Thomson. 2848 02:31:31,713 --> 02:31:33,423 THOMSON: Dr. Benjamin Franklin. 2849 02:31:33,507 --> 02:31:34,549 Yea. 2850 02:31:34,633 --> 02:31:36,593 THOMSON: Mr. John Dickinson. 2851 02:31:36,677 --> 02:31:38,053 Nay. 2852 02:31:38,136 --> 02:31:39,763 THOMSON: Mr. James Wilson. 2853 02:31:42,974 --> 02:31:44,434 Judge Wilson? 2854 02:31:47,604 --> 02:31:50,190 There it is, Mr. Wilson. It's all up to you now. 2855 02:31:50,273 --> 02:31:51,942 The whole question of American independence 2856 02:31:52,025 --> 02:31:54,611 rests squarely on your shoulders. 2857 02:31:54,695 --> 02:31:58,240 An entirely new nation ready to be born or to die at birth, 2858 02:31:58,323 --> 02:32:00,033 all on your say-so. 2859 02:32:01,159 --> 02:32:03,370 Which will it be, Mr. Wilson? 2860 02:32:03,829 --> 02:32:07,374 Every mapmaker in the world is waiting for your decision. 2861 02:32:07,999 --> 02:32:11,128 Come now, James. Nothing has changed. 2862 02:32:11,211 --> 02:32:13,964 We mustn't let Dr. Franklin create one of his confusions. 2863 02:32:14,047 --> 02:32:15,924 The question is clear. 2864 02:32:16,425 --> 02:32:19,970 Most questions are clear when someone else has to decide them. 2865 02:32:20,053 --> 02:32:21,513 It would be a pity for a man 2866 02:32:21,596 --> 02:32:24,141 who's handed down hundreds of wise decisions 2867 02:32:24,224 --> 02:32:26,059 from the bench 2868 02:32:26,143 --> 02:32:29,312 to be remembered only for the one unwise decision 2869 02:32:29,396 --> 02:32:31,189 he made in Congress. 2870 02:32:32,649 --> 02:32:35,610 James, you're keeping everybody waiting. 2871 02:32:35,694 --> 02:32:37,738 The secretary has called for your vote. 2872 02:32:38,613 --> 02:32:39,823 Please. 2873 02:32:41,158 --> 02:32:44,745 Don't push me, John. I know what you want me to do. 2874 02:32:47,497 --> 02:32:50,292 But Mr. Adams is correct about one thing. 2875 02:32:52,794 --> 02:32:55,547 I'm the one who'll be remembered for it. 2876 02:32:55,839 --> 02:32:56,923 What do you mean? 2877 02:33:02,637 --> 02:33:04,848 I'm different from you, John. 2878 02:33:05,682 --> 02:33:08,435 I'm different from most of the men here. 2879 02:33:09,394 --> 02:33:11,605 I don't want to be remembered. 2880 02:33:12,856 --> 02:33:14,816 I just don't want the 2881 02:33:15,650 --> 02:33:17,194 responsibility. 2882 02:33:18,320 --> 02:33:20,822 Yes, well, whether you want it or not, James, 2883 02:33:20,906 --> 02:33:23,158 there's no way of avoiding it. 2884 02:33:23,241 --> 02:33:25,118 Not necessarily, John. 2885 02:33:25,786 --> 02:33:27,788 If I go with them, 2886 02:33:27,871 --> 02:33:30,123 I'll just be one among dozens. 2887 02:33:31,958 --> 02:33:35,212 No one will ever remember the name of James Wilson. 2888 02:33:36,588 --> 02:33:38,465 But if I vote with you, 2889 02:33:39,966 --> 02:33:43,303 I'll be the man who prevented American independence. 2890 02:33:46,139 --> 02:33:47,766 I'm sorry, John. 2891 02:33:49,184 --> 02:33:51,478 I just didn't bargain for that. 2892 02:33:53,063 --> 02:33:56,483 And is that how new nations are formed? 2893 02:33:57,901 --> 02:34:00,403 By a nonentity trying to preserve 2894 02:34:00,487 --> 02:34:03,782 the anonymity he so richly deserves? 2895 02:34:04,658 --> 02:34:06,034 Revolutions come into this world 2896 02:34:06,117 --> 02:34:08,078 like bastard children, Mr. Dickinson. 2897 02:34:08,161 --> 02:34:10,747 Half improvised and half compromised. 2898 02:34:10,831 --> 02:34:13,250 Our side has provided the compromise. 2899 02:34:13,333 --> 02:34:16,002 Now Judge Wilson is supplying the rest. 2900 02:34:20,173 --> 02:34:21,341 James. 2901 02:34:22,884 --> 02:34:24,511 I'm sorry, John. 2902 02:34:25,554 --> 02:34:26,763 My vote 2903 02:34:27,973 --> 02:34:29,224 is yea. 2904 02:34:30,016 --> 02:34:31,852 Mr. Secretary, Pennsylvania says yea. 2905 02:34:34,688 --> 02:34:38,316 The count being 12 to none 2906 02:34:40,443 --> 02:34:41,778 with one abstention, 2907 02:34:42,153 --> 02:34:44,364 the resolution on independence 2908 02:34:46,324 --> 02:34:47,701 is adopted. 2909 02:34:49,160 --> 02:34:50,495 It's done. 2910 02:34:53,832 --> 02:34:55,166 It's done. 2911 02:34:57,878 --> 02:34:59,254 Mr. Thomson, 2912 02:35:00,213 --> 02:35:01,798 is the declaration ready to be signed? 2913 02:35:01,882 --> 02:35:03,508 It is. 2914 02:35:03,592 --> 02:35:05,552 Then I suggest we do so. 2915 02:35:07,387 --> 02:35:09,055 And the chair further proposes, 2916 02:35:09,139 --> 02:35:11,850 for our mutual security and protection, 2917 02:35:13,768 --> 02:35:15,729 that no man be allowed to sit in this Congress 2918 02:35:15,812 --> 02:35:18,106 without attaching his name to it. 2919 02:35:21,151 --> 02:35:24,029 I'm sorry, Mr. President. 2920 02:35:25,488 --> 02:35:29,784 I cannot, in good conscience, sign such a document. 2921 02:35:31,411 --> 02:35:35,665 I will never stop hoping for our eventual reconciliation with England. 2922 02:35:37,334 --> 02:35:39,502 But because, 2923 02:35:40,754 --> 02:35:42,255 in my own way, 2924 02:35:43,256 --> 02:35:46,760 I regard America no less than does Mr. Adams, 2925 02:35:48,845 --> 02:35:52,724 I will join the army and fight in her defense 2926 02:35:54,267 --> 02:35:57,354 even though I believe that fight to be hopeless. 2927 02:36:03,026 --> 02:36:04,778 Goodbye, gentlemen. 2928 02:36:06,863 --> 02:36:09,032 JOHN: Gentlemen of the Congress, 2929 02:36:09,115 --> 02:36:11,451 I say yea, John Dickinson. 2930 02:36:11,952 --> 02:36:13,828 (KNOCKING TABLES) 2931 02:36:20,001 --> 02:36:22,045 (INDISTINCT CHATTERING) 2932 02:36:23,171 --> 02:36:24,506 Very well. 2933 02:36:25,465 --> 02:36:27,217 Are there any objections to the declaration 2934 02:36:27,300 --> 02:36:28,885 being approved as it now stands? 2935 02:36:29,386 --> 02:36:30,512 I have one, Mr. Hancock. 2936 02:36:31,388 --> 02:36:32,931 You, Mr. Adams? 2937 02:36:33,473 --> 02:36:35,558 Yes. Uh, Mr. Jefferson, 2938 02:36:36,017 --> 02:36:40,146 it so happens that the word is "unalienable," 2939 02:36:40,230 --> 02:36:42,023 not "inalienable." 2940 02:36:43,733 --> 02:36:47,821 I'm sorry, Mr. Adams, but "inalienable" is correct. 2941 02:36:49,364 --> 02:36:52,534 I happen to be a Harvard graduate, Mr. Jefferson. 2942 02:36:52,617 --> 02:36:54,327 (LAUGHTER) 2943 02:36:55,662 --> 02:36:58,373 I attended William and Mary, Mr. Adams. 2944 02:36:58,456 --> 02:36:59,708 (LAUGHTER) 2945 02:36:59,791 --> 02:37:01,042 Gentlemen, please! 2946 02:37:01,126 --> 02:37:04,629 Mr. Jefferson, will you yield to Mr. Adams' request? 2947 02:37:06,965 --> 02:37:09,175 No, sir. I will not. 2948 02:37:15,890 --> 02:37:17,767 Oh, very well. I withdraw it. 2949 02:37:18,309 --> 02:37:20,020 Oh, good for you, John. 2950 02:37:20,103 --> 02:37:22,147 (LAUGHTER) 2951 02:37:24,691 --> 02:37:27,152 I'll speak to the printer about it later on. 2952 02:37:28,653 --> 02:37:29,654 (SIGHS) 2953 02:37:29,738 --> 02:37:31,531 Very well, gentlemen. 2954 02:37:32,073 --> 02:37:35,910 We're about to brave the storm in a skiff made of paper. 2955 02:37:37,120 --> 02:37:39,122 And how it shall end, 2956 02:37:39,205 --> 02:37:40,749 God only knows. 2957 02:37:42,751 --> 02:37:44,878 MAN: That's a pretty large signature, Johnny. 2958 02:37:44,961 --> 02:37:48,298 So Fat George in London can read it without his glasses. 2959 02:37:48,381 --> 02:37:49,758 (LAUGHTER) 2960 02:37:50,675 --> 02:37:52,135 All right, step right up, gentlemen. 2961 02:37:52,218 --> 02:37:53,928 Don't miss your chance to commit treason. 2962 02:37:54,012 --> 02:37:55,263 ALL: Ooh. 2963 02:37:56,848 --> 02:38:00,894 Hancock is right. This paper is our passport to the gallows. 2964 02:38:00,977 --> 02:38:02,228 But there's no backing out now, 2965 02:38:02,312 --> 02:38:03,480 for if we do not hang together, 2966 02:38:03,563 --> 02:38:06,316 we shall most assuredly hang separately. 2967 02:38:06,399 --> 02:38:07,734 (LAUGHTER) 2968 02:38:08,568 --> 02:38:11,112 In my case, hanging won't be so bad. 2969 02:38:11,196 --> 02:38:14,324 One snap and it'll be all over, just like that. 2970 02:38:14,407 --> 02:38:15,825 But look at Read there. 2971 02:38:15,909 --> 02:38:18,953 He'll be dancing a jig long after I'm gone! 2972 02:38:19,037 --> 02:38:20,371 (LAUGHTER) 2973 02:38:20,914 --> 02:38:24,042 Gentlemen, forgive me if I don't join in the merriment, 2974 02:38:24,125 --> 02:38:26,086 but if we are arrested now, 2975 02:38:26,211 --> 02:38:29,297 my name is still the only one on the damn thing! 2976 02:38:29,380 --> 02:38:31,091 (LAUGHTER) 2977 02:38:49,776 --> 02:38:53,113 "From the Commander, army of the United Colonies in..." 2978 02:38:54,322 --> 02:38:58,201 Army of the United States in New York, 2979 02:38:58,284 --> 02:39:00,286 "dispatch number 1,209, 2980 02:39:00,370 --> 02:39:02,038 "to the Honorable Congress, John Hancock, president. 2981 02:39:02,122 --> 02:39:05,583 "Dear sir, I can now report with some certainty 2982 02:39:05,667 --> 02:39:07,627 "that the eve of battle is near at hand. 2983 02:39:08,461 --> 02:39:12,674 "Toward this end, I have ordered the evacuation of Manhattan 2984 02:39:12,757 --> 02:39:14,425 "and directed our defenses to take up 2985 02:39:14,509 --> 02:39:17,011 "stronger positions on the Brooklyn Heights. 2986 02:39:17,804 --> 02:39:19,889 "At the present time, my forces consist 2987 02:39:19,973 --> 02:39:22,559 "entirely of Haslet's Delaware Militia 2988 02:39:22,642 --> 02:39:24,519 "and Smallwood's Marylanders, 2989 02:39:24,602 --> 02:39:28,314 "a total of 5,000 troops to stand against 2990 02:39:30,692 --> 02:39:33,194 "twenty-five thousand of the enemy. 2991 02:39:33,695 --> 02:39:35,864 "And I begin to notice that many of us 2992 02:39:35,947 --> 02:39:40,076 "are lads under 15 and old men, 2993 02:39:40,160 --> 02:39:43,121 "none of whom could truly be called soldiers. 2994 02:39:44,873 --> 02:39:47,167 "One personal note to Mr. Lewis Morris of New York. 2995 02:39:48,334 --> 02:39:49,711 "I must regretfully report 2996 02:39:49,794 --> 02:39:52,881 "that his estates have been totally destroyed, 2997 02:39:52,964 --> 02:39:56,092 "but that I have taken the liberty of transporting Mrs. Morris 2998 02:39:56,176 --> 02:39:59,512 "and eight of the children to Connecticut and safety. 2999 02:39:59,888 --> 02:40:04,100 "The four older boys are now enlisted in the Continental Army. 3000 02:40:05,018 --> 02:40:07,187 "As I write these words, 3001 02:40:07,270 --> 02:40:10,356 "the enemy is plainly in sight beyond the river. 3002 02:40:11,733 --> 02:40:14,819 "How it will end, only Providence can direct." 3003 02:40:15,945 --> 02:40:18,198 "But, dear God, what brave men 3004 02:40:22,368 --> 02:40:23,870 "I shall lose 3005 02:40:26,414 --> 02:40:27,624 "before 3006 02:40:28,750 --> 02:40:30,251 "this business 3007 02:40:32,795 --> 02:40:33,963 "ends. 3008 02:40:37,884 --> 02:40:39,677 "Your obedient, 3009 02:40:43,223 --> 02:40:45,266 "G. Washington." 3010 02:41:10,250 --> 02:41:12,043 Very well, gentlemen. 3011 02:41:13,419 --> 02:41:14,629 McNair. 3012 02:41:18,800 --> 02:41:20,426 Go ring the bell. 3013 02:41:27,684 --> 02:41:28,726 Mr. President. 3014 02:41:29,018 --> 02:41:30,395 Mr. Morris. 3015 02:41:31,104 --> 02:41:32,855 To hell with New York. 3016 02:41:32,939 --> 02:41:35,066 I'll sign it anyway. 3017 02:41:35,149 --> 02:41:37,026 Thank you, Mr. Morris. 3018 02:41:37,110 --> 02:41:38,987 (MEN RAPPING ON TABLES) 3019 02:41:43,741 --> 02:41:45,952 Stephen, sit down. 3020 02:41:47,120 --> 02:41:48,538 No. 3021 02:41:48,621 --> 02:41:51,666 I want to remember each man's face as he signs. 3022 02:41:54,085 --> 02:41:55,420 Very well. 3023 02:41:57,005 --> 02:41:58,381 Mr. Thomson. 3024 02:42:01,759 --> 02:42:04,971 New Hampshire. Dr. Josiah Bartlett. 3025 02:42:15,189 --> 02:42:16,441 Massachusetts. 3026 02:42:16,983 --> 02:42:18,484 Mr. John Adams. 3027 02:42:36,878 --> 02:42:38,421 (BELL RINGING) 3028 02:42:38,504 --> 02:42:41,090 Rhode Island. Mr. Stephen Hopkins. 3029 02:42:48,681 --> 02:42:51,017 Connecticut. Mr. Roger Sherman. 3030 02:42:57,982 --> 02:43:00,651 New York. Mr. Lewis Morris. 3031 02:43:07,784 --> 02:43:10,578 New Jersey. The Reverend John Witherspoon. 3032 02:43:17,710 --> 02:43:21,214 Pennsylvania. Dr. Benjamin Franklin. 3033 02:43:27,387 --> 02:43:30,181 Delaware. Mr. Caesar Rodney. 3034 02:43:41,234 --> 02:43:43,403 Maryland. Mr. Samuel Chase. 3035 02:43:54,831 --> 02:43:57,417 Virginia. Mr. Thomas Jefferson. 3036 02:44:04,924 --> 02:44:07,677 North Carolina. Mr. Joseph Hewes. 3037 02:44:13,599 --> 02:44:16,144 South Carolina. Mr. Edward Rutledge. 3038 02:44:22,483 --> 02:44:25,445 Georgia. Dr. Lyman Hall. 230113

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