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In remotest Southern Africa,
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00:00:18,880 --> 00:00:22,000
lies Zambia's Luangwa Valley...
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00:00:24,200 --> 00:00:25,960
a rolling savannah
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00:00:26,000 --> 00:00:29,080
the size of West Virginia.
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00:00:34,600 --> 00:00:37,640
Feeling like a land
that time forgot...
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00:00:39,000 --> 00:00:41,560
seemingly untouched plains
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00:00:41,600 --> 00:00:45,360
teem with Africa's
most iconic animals.
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00:00:47,480 --> 00:00:49,440
GRUNTING
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00:00:51,600 --> 00:00:53,800
SQUAWKING
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00:00:53,840 --> 00:00:56,880
Some are unique
to this place...
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00:00:56,920 --> 00:00:58,920
GRUNTS
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00:00:58,960 --> 00:01:02,960
Others are critically
endangered elsewhere.
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00:01:06,400 --> 00:01:08,440
BIRDS SQUAWKING
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00:01:08,480 --> 00:01:10,880
Here, prey
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00:01:10,920 --> 00:01:13,160
and predators
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00:01:13,200 --> 00:01:16,240
exist in remarkable balance...
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00:01:17,600 --> 00:01:20,480
each taking advantage
of the secret
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00:01:20,520 --> 00:01:22,800
at the heart of this Eden...
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00:01:25,160 --> 00:01:28,080
the mighty Luangwa River...
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00:01:28,120 --> 00:01:30,360
ROARING
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00:01:30,400 --> 00:01:33,240
...and its dramatic
annual transformation
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00:01:33,280 --> 00:01:35,800
from dusty inferno...
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00:01:35,840 --> 00:01:37,320
THUNDERCLAP
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00:01:39,960 --> 00:01:42,800
...to emerald paradise.
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00:01:48,480 --> 00:01:50,560
There are still places on Earth
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that remain pristine.
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00:01:57,160 --> 00:01:59,640
Where wildlife flourishes.
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00:02:03,120 --> 00:02:06,840
These are the last regions
that could be called...
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00:02:08,160 --> 00:02:09,440
Eden.
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00:02:22,840 --> 00:02:25,800
The Luangwa begins its journey
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00:02:25,840 --> 00:02:27,960
in Zambia's uplands...
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00:02:35,400 --> 00:02:37,720
cascading into the valley...
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00:02:39,720 --> 00:02:43,960
where it meanders
through 27,000 square miles
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00:02:44,000 --> 00:02:45,880
of lush savannah...
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00:02:49,840 --> 00:02:53,360
eventually flowing
into the Zambezi River...
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00:02:55,120 --> 00:02:58,200
500 miles further south.
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00:03:05,000 --> 00:03:07,680
But it's here
that it will breach its banks
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00:03:07,720 --> 00:03:09,480
during the wet season...
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00:03:10,800 --> 00:03:14,360
BIRDS SQUAWKING
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00:03:14,400 --> 00:03:16,720
...bringing boundless life
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00:03:16,760 --> 00:03:18,560
to this African Eden...
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00:03:20,760 --> 00:03:23,000
SQUAWKING
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ELEPHANTS RUMBLING
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...and painting its plains
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a glorious green.
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00:03:49,440 --> 00:03:52,040
BIRDS CHIRPING
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BIRDS SQUAWKING
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It's July...
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00:03:59,720 --> 00:04:02,520
the start of the dry season.
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00:04:06,400 --> 00:04:10,240
And it's just what one
of Africa's great predators
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00:04:10,280 --> 00:04:11,960
has been waiting for.
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00:04:14,400 --> 00:04:18,640
BIRD CALLING
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00:04:18,680 --> 00:04:21,080
Along stretches
of the Luangwa,
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00:04:21,120 --> 00:04:23,520
leopards can be found in numbers
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00:04:23,560 --> 00:04:27,720
greater than almost
anywhere else in Africa.
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LEOPARD CUB SCREECHES
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00:04:34,480 --> 00:04:36,520
And throughout this valley,
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all life is defined
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00:04:38,520 --> 00:04:41,360
by the ebb and flow
of the river...
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00:04:42,200 --> 00:04:45,560
and its waters
are rapidly receding.
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00:04:50,680 --> 00:04:55,360
Some tributary channels
are already bone dry...
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00:05:01,440 --> 00:05:05,760
and herbivores are beginning
to gather close to the river.
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00:05:10,760 --> 00:05:14,840
For a big cat,
it all adds up to one thing...
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GROWLING
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...happy hunting.
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00:05:24,680 --> 00:05:28,840
This female leopard
is five years old.
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At around 90 pounds,
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00:05:31,040 --> 00:05:33,000
she's in prime condition.
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00:05:35,040 --> 00:05:38,720
Her preferred prey is impala.
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ALARM CALL
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00:05:43,880 --> 00:05:47,680
Ten thousand of them
roam this valley.
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00:05:50,720 --> 00:05:55,400
Ranked among the fastest
of all hoofed animals,
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an impala could take on
a racehorse.
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00:06:03,440 --> 00:06:06,720
But leopards don't play
by impala rules.
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This fast-changing Eden
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00:06:14,000 --> 00:06:17,360
has now given her an edge.
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00:06:22,080 --> 00:06:23,680
She enters
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into the maze of gullies.
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00:06:28,720 --> 00:06:33,080
The damp channel margins
are carpeted with grass
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00:06:33,120 --> 00:06:36,520
that lures in grazing antelope.
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00:06:45,480 --> 00:06:47,440
SNORTING
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00:06:50,720 --> 00:06:54,440
Still,
they remain on high alert.
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00:07:01,120 --> 00:07:03,880
Stealth is the best weapon.
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00:07:40,200 --> 00:07:43,760
Placing faith
in perfect camouflage...
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00:07:47,760 --> 00:07:50,000
the trap is set.
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00:08:00,360 --> 00:08:03,360
Just a few more careless steps
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00:08:03,400 --> 00:08:07,840
and they'll be inside
the required 30-foot range.
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00:08:14,760 --> 00:08:18,160
IMPALA BARKING
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00:08:32,360 --> 00:08:34,160
THUD
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00:08:34,200 --> 00:08:36,160
IMPALA STRUGGLES TO BREATHE
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00:08:36,200 --> 00:08:40,000
Clamping her jaws
over both nose and mouth,
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00:08:40,040 --> 00:08:44,560
she can stay clear
of those stiletto horns
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00:08:44,600 --> 00:08:46,640
and cut off its airflow.
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00:08:50,800 --> 00:08:54,560
IMPALA STRUGGLES TO BREATHE
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00:08:54,600 --> 00:08:58,120
BARKING QUIETLY
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00:09:01,000 --> 00:09:05,400
But a spotted hyena
is drawn to the commotion.
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00:09:14,160 --> 00:09:15,720
LEOPARD GROWLS SOFTLY
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00:09:22,400 --> 00:09:25,000
Close to twice
the weight of a leopard...
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00:09:25,040 --> 00:09:27,200
HYENA LAUGHING
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00:09:27,240 --> 00:09:31,520
...armed
with bone-crushing jaws,
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00:09:31,560 --> 00:09:34,920
this opportunist
won't pass up the chance
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to cash in
on the hard work of others.
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00:09:38,400 --> 00:09:40,920
LEOPARD GROWLS
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00:09:47,120 --> 00:09:48,560
This time,
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00:09:48,600 --> 00:09:51,600
one very lucky impala
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gets a second chance at life.
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00:10:05,400 --> 00:10:07,640
LEOPARD GROWLS
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00:10:09,560 --> 00:10:13,400
More than 60 percent
of hunts end in failure...
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00:10:14,840 --> 00:10:17,120
but with the perfect conditions
for an ambush
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00:10:17,160 --> 00:10:18,960
at this time of year,
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00:10:19,000 --> 00:10:23,080
it won't be long until another
opportunity comes her way.
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00:10:36,680 --> 00:10:41,960
As the dry season takes hold
and pastures whither,
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00:10:42,000 --> 00:10:44,960
yellow baboons spend
daylight hours
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00:10:45,000 --> 00:10:48,520
foraging for grasses and grubs.
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00:10:50,720 --> 00:10:54,000
Thousands of these primates
live here
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00:10:54,040 --> 00:10:56,320
in hundred-strong troops
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that claim territories
of ten square miles.
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00:11:03,360 --> 00:11:08,480
And female kinship lies
at the core of their society.
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00:11:08,520 --> 00:11:11,360
BABOONS CHATTERING
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00:11:11,400 --> 00:11:14,080
A network of matriarchs
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00:11:14,120 --> 00:11:16,440
helps maintain harmony.
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00:11:18,440 --> 00:11:22,080
Social grooming to cement
familial bonds.
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00:11:23,640 --> 00:11:25,280
Nursing...
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00:11:25,320 --> 00:11:27,200
and playing.
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00:11:30,160 --> 00:11:32,520
But it falls to the alpha male
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00:11:32,560 --> 00:11:36,160
to lead his troop
in their search for food.
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00:11:40,640 --> 00:11:45,520
A male may rule this extended
family for several years
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00:11:45,560 --> 00:11:50,040
and he knows where they can go
for a seasonal meal...
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00:11:56,520 --> 00:11:58,240
Sausage trees.
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00:12:04,680 --> 00:12:06,720
At this time of year,
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00:12:06,760 --> 00:12:09,840
the nectar cupped
in plentiful blossoms
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provides a lifeline
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for numerous species.
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00:12:31,240 --> 00:12:35,080
This place is
a highly coveted prize.
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00:12:44,720 --> 00:12:48,080
And a neighboring troop
aims to claim it...
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00:12:53,840 --> 00:12:57,040
with the help
of their own gang leader.
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00:13:00,080 --> 00:13:02,840
Both sides are equally matched.
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00:13:05,800 --> 00:13:08,720
Flanked by
battle-hardened soldiers...
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00:13:08,760 --> 00:13:10,080
SCREECHING
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00:13:10,120 --> 00:13:11,600
...the alpha male
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steps up.
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00:13:14,480 --> 00:13:17,920
COWBOY WESTERN MUSIC PLAYING
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00:13:26,160 --> 00:13:29,040
Around 50 pounds in weight
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00:13:29,080 --> 00:13:33,440
and armed with two
inch-long canines...
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00:13:33,480 --> 00:13:36,640
SCREECHING
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00:13:36,680 --> 00:13:38,400
ROARS
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00:13:40,760 --> 00:13:43,920
ROARING
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00:13:43,960 --> 00:13:49,080
GRUNTING
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00:13:51,600 --> 00:13:54,160
...battles can end
in serious injury.
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00:13:58,240 --> 00:13:59,480
Even death.
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00:14:13,520 --> 00:14:15,120
HISSES
152
00:14:20,480 --> 00:14:22,760
When this rival backs down,
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00:14:22,800 --> 00:14:25,040
his cronies scatter.
154
00:14:28,320 --> 00:14:34,480
CALLING LOUDLY
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00:14:34,520 --> 00:14:38,600
Peace is restored
to the troop once more.
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00:14:45,440 --> 00:14:49,320
Close family ties
and strong leadership
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00:14:49,360 --> 00:14:52,200
allow these intelligent primates
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00:14:52,240 --> 00:14:54,960
to tune into the rhythm
of the riches
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00:14:55,000 --> 00:14:58,440
offered up
by the Luangwa Valley.
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00:15:08,320 --> 00:15:11,600
As the dry season
tightens its grip,
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00:15:11,640 --> 00:15:15,720
Luangwa welcomes
a technicolor visitor...
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00:15:21,920 --> 00:15:24,680
the carmine bee-eater.
163
00:15:29,640 --> 00:15:32,840
They're experts when it comes
to catching
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00:15:32,880 --> 00:15:35,560
and dispatching bees.
165
00:15:46,360 --> 00:15:48,480
But that's not why they're here.
166
00:15:51,640 --> 00:15:53,280
The receding water
167
00:15:53,320 --> 00:15:57,320
has left 20-foot banks exposed.
168
00:15:57,360 --> 00:16:01,560
SQUAWKING
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00:16:01,600 --> 00:16:04,640
From around 500 miles away,
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00:16:05,960 --> 00:16:10,440
20,000 make
the annual journey here
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00:16:10,480 --> 00:16:13,800
to construct yard-long
nest burrows...
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00:16:16,040 --> 00:16:18,880
in a perfect mix
of sand and clay.
173
00:16:20,120 --> 00:16:24,880
SQUAWKING
174
00:16:29,880 --> 00:16:32,360
Latecomers try to move in
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00:16:32,400 --> 00:16:34,960
on the newly-dug dream homes...
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00:16:37,480 --> 00:16:40,640
leading to noisy evictions.
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00:16:42,760 --> 00:16:48,160
SQUAWKING LOUDLY
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00:16:58,400 --> 00:17:01,240
LOUD GRUNTING
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Their nearest neighbors
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00:17:03,040 --> 00:17:05,160
can be a little rowdy too.
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00:17:05,880 --> 00:17:07,720
GRUNTING
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00:17:07,760 --> 00:17:11,280
The Luangwa is a hippo heaven.
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00:17:18,480 --> 00:17:20,840
But when 25,000
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00:17:20,880 --> 00:17:23,480
are forced to crowd together
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00:17:23,520 --> 00:17:25,680
in the dwindling river,
186
00:17:25,720 --> 00:17:30,080
there's less space
for a cooling wallow...
187
00:17:34,160 --> 00:17:37,680
and the risk
of heat exhaustion rises.
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00:17:42,160 --> 00:17:46,600
Youngsters are among
the most vulnerable.
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00:17:48,520 --> 00:17:50,760
And for the next
five months or more,
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00:17:50,800 --> 00:17:54,680
this calf will rely on her
attentive mother for milk...
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00:17:55,960 --> 00:17:57,640
and for protection.
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00:18:06,960 --> 00:18:09,480
Nightfall offers relief.
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00:18:12,240 --> 00:18:14,760
BIRD CALLING
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00:18:18,120 --> 00:18:20,320
And thermal-imaging cameras
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00:18:20,360 --> 00:18:24,360
reveal the surprising
nocturnal life of hippos.
196
00:18:28,080 --> 00:18:30,400
One group stays close
to the water.
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00:18:33,480 --> 00:18:35,040
For a little hippo,
198
00:18:35,080 --> 00:18:37,520
the plains are full
of predators...
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00:18:38,960 --> 00:18:41,680
so calves are left
in a creche...
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00:18:42,640 --> 00:18:45,800
watched over by adult females.
201
00:18:48,200 --> 00:18:50,320
Weighing 1.5 tons,
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00:18:50,360 --> 00:18:53,480
a mother hippo
has less to fear...
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00:18:58,760 --> 00:19:03,520
but needs at least 100 pounds
of vegetation a night.
204
00:19:09,080 --> 00:19:11,320
And when grazing
isn't an option...
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00:19:13,720 --> 00:19:15,840
a different plan is required.
206
00:19:23,480 --> 00:19:27,040
Hippos have relatively good
night vision...
207
00:19:28,560 --> 00:19:30,080
which helps...
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00:19:30,120 --> 00:19:32,200
GROWLS
209
00:19:32,240 --> 00:19:35,080
...when confronted
by a deadly enemy.
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00:19:35,120 --> 00:19:37,680
LIONS GROWL
211
00:19:43,360 --> 00:19:45,800
But these lions know better
212
00:19:45,840 --> 00:19:47,480
than to get in the way...
213
00:19:49,920 --> 00:19:52,440
of a favourite food supply...
214
00:19:55,560 --> 00:19:57,280
sausage fruits.
215
00:20:01,320 --> 00:20:03,680
But dropping an infant off
at the creche
216
00:20:03,720 --> 00:20:05,520
costs time.
217
00:20:08,880 --> 00:20:12,520
Now, there's a risk
of missing out.
218
00:20:14,480 --> 00:20:19,400
LIPS SMACKING
219
00:20:21,000 --> 00:20:23,800
Lip-smacking might do the trick.
220
00:20:25,640 --> 00:20:29,480
LIPS SMACKING
221
00:20:29,520 --> 00:20:33,640
This could be
a form of hippo diplomacy.
222
00:20:43,520 --> 00:20:46,560
They'll binge until dawn.
223
00:20:51,960 --> 00:20:54,760
And as the hippos
retrace their steps,
224
00:20:56,880 --> 00:20:58,640
each call of nature
225
00:20:58,680 --> 00:21:01,160
answers more than one need.
226
00:21:03,320 --> 00:21:07,080
By dispersing seeds
far and wide,
227
00:21:07,120 --> 00:21:10,400
the hippos here
play a crucial role
228
00:21:10,440 --> 00:21:12,920
in spreading sausage trees
229
00:21:12,960 --> 00:21:15,040
throughout the valley.
230
00:21:23,080 --> 00:21:26,080
For some,
re-entry can be tricky.
231
00:21:46,920 --> 00:21:48,560
After a five-hour wait...
232
00:21:50,880 --> 00:21:54,720
this hungry hippo
is reunited with her mother.
233
00:22:03,320 --> 00:22:05,080
Back in the water,
234
00:22:05,120 --> 00:22:08,560
the calf can suckle in safety
235
00:22:08,600 --> 00:22:11,280
ahead of the returning sun.
236
00:22:24,960 --> 00:22:26,680
By October,
237
00:22:26,720 --> 00:22:30,600
the temperature climbs
above 90 degrees.
238
00:22:32,560 --> 00:22:36,600
It's been five months
since the last rain fell.
239
00:22:36,640 --> 00:22:38,680
GRUNTING
240
00:22:38,720 --> 00:22:40,560
Restless buffalo
241
00:22:40,600 --> 00:22:43,600
form 2,000-strong mega-herds.
242
00:22:53,440 --> 00:22:56,120
For all of Luangwa's
herbivores...
243
00:23:00,320 --> 00:23:03,560
long weeks of craving
lie ahead.
244
00:23:15,520 --> 00:23:17,280
As the river is reduced
245
00:23:17,320 --> 00:23:19,360
to a string of pools...
246
00:23:20,560 --> 00:23:21,680
for others,
247
00:23:21,720 --> 00:23:25,160
the dry season is boom time.
248
00:23:27,880 --> 00:23:29,960
Hundreds of pelicans, storks,
249
00:23:30,000 --> 00:23:32,120
herons and spoonbills
250
00:23:32,160 --> 00:23:34,120
eagerly descend.
251
00:23:41,040 --> 00:23:43,960
These "fishing parties"
trawl up everything...
252
00:23:45,320 --> 00:23:47,040
in a matter of hours.
253
00:24:02,640 --> 00:24:04,240
The furnace heat
254
00:24:04,280 --> 00:24:07,400
now hits 110 degrees.
255
00:24:10,480 --> 00:24:13,840
The last wallows
are disappearing.
256
00:24:19,240 --> 00:24:21,880
HIPPO GRUNTS
257
00:24:21,920 --> 00:24:24,960
Circling vultures spot carcasses
258
00:24:25,000 --> 00:24:26,840
from four miles away.
259
00:24:30,960 --> 00:24:34,080
This valley becomes an Eden
for scavengers.
260
00:24:38,720 --> 00:24:43,280
SCREECHING
261
00:24:46,440 --> 00:24:49,520
They dispose of meat and bones
262
00:24:49,560 --> 00:24:51,640
in less than an hour.
263
00:24:54,880 --> 00:24:57,600
Clearing up rotting remains
is vital
264
00:24:57,640 --> 00:25:01,400
if the savannah is to be
disease-free.
265
00:25:09,480 --> 00:25:13,560
November brings promise
of rebirth...
266
00:25:16,360 --> 00:25:21,000
as Luangwa welcomes
the start of the wet season.
267
00:25:21,040 --> 00:25:23,680
LEAVES RUSTLING
268
00:25:23,720 --> 00:25:27,400
THUNDER RUMBLING
269
00:25:32,760 --> 00:25:35,200
THUNDERCLAP
270
00:25:46,440 --> 00:25:50,360
The first showers
quench a thirsty land.
271
00:26:12,320 --> 00:26:14,200
From deep burrows...
272
00:26:15,400 --> 00:26:17,480
rain bugs emerge.
273
00:26:25,320 --> 00:26:28,040
These spider-like velvet mites
274
00:26:28,080 --> 00:26:29,840
are on a mission.
275
00:26:32,280 --> 00:26:35,040
Their bright color
reminds predators
276
00:26:35,080 --> 00:26:37,240
that they taste bad.
277
00:26:39,160 --> 00:26:42,720
They each have just a few hours
to fatten up
278
00:26:42,760 --> 00:26:45,640
and fight over
a suitable mate...
279
00:26:46,720 --> 00:26:49,600
before scurrying
back underground
280
00:26:49,640 --> 00:26:51,000
to lay their eggs.
281
00:26:58,960 --> 00:27:00,760
Dormant pastures
282
00:27:00,800 --> 00:27:02,440
spring to life...
283
00:27:07,360 --> 00:27:08,880
and fresh grazing
284
00:27:08,920 --> 00:27:11,400
triggers a baby boom.
285
00:27:15,240 --> 00:27:16,640
Within two weeks,
286
00:27:16,680 --> 00:27:19,080
thousands of impala ewes
287
00:27:19,120 --> 00:27:20,600
drop their lambs...
288
00:27:27,280 --> 00:27:29,160
SQUEALING
289
00:27:29,200 --> 00:27:31,600
...and warthog mothers
290
00:27:31,640 --> 00:27:35,760
must deal with broods of up
to eight hungry piglets.
291
00:27:50,960 --> 00:27:53,960
A thousand feet
above the plains,
292
00:27:54,000 --> 00:27:56,640
heavy rainfall on the escarpment
293
00:27:56,680 --> 00:27:59,120
is funneled into waterfalls.
294
00:28:02,960 --> 00:28:06,440
Rivers merge as the water
finds its way
295
00:28:06,480 --> 00:28:08,200
to the valley floor.
296
00:28:17,160 --> 00:28:19,760
Dry channels awaken...
297
00:28:32,160 --> 00:28:34,840
and the majestic Luangwa River
298
00:28:34,880 --> 00:28:38,160
returns to its former glory.
299
00:28:43,680 --> 00:28:46,040
In just a few days,
300
00:28:46,080 --> 00:28:49,160
its levels rise 15 feet
or more...
301
00:29:03,320 --> 00:29:07,120
flooding the savannah
for miles around.
302
00:29:13,280 --> 00:29:17,560
BIRDS SQUAWKING
303
00:29:29,800 --> 00:29:33,080
GRUNTING
304
00:29:34,080 --> 00:29:37,520
Water laps
moisture-loving ebony trees...
305
00:29:43,440 --> 00:29:46,000
as cathedral-vaulted groves...
306
00:29:47,680 --> 00:29:50,680
greet the Emerald Season.
307
00:30:01,160 --> 00:30:02,560
GRUNTING
308
00:30:02,600 --> 00:30:04,400
For the valley's herbivores,
309
00:30:05,720 --> 00:30:08,960
it's a welcome return
to the good times.
310
00:30:14,400 --> 00:30:16,960
For Luangwa's yellow baboons...
311
00:30:18,240 --> 00:30:20,800
it's a waterpark playground...
312
00:30:23,480 --> 00:30:27,000
combined with
an all-you-can-eat Eden.
313
00:30:27,920 --> 00:30:31,280
BIRDS SQUAWKING
314
00:30:45,520 --> 00:30:48,200
Such abundance
means baboons can forget
315
00:30:48,240 --> 00:30:51,000
about territorial disputes
for now.
316
00:30:56,120 --> 00:30:58,200
But this alpha's not interested
317
00:30:58,240 --> 00:31:00,360
in getting his hands dirty
318
00:31:00,400 --> 00:31:02,560
for roots and tubers.
319
00:31:05,760 --> 00:31:07,720
It's been a year-long wait
320
00:31:07,760 --> 00:31:11,320
for a taste
of a favourite plant...
321
00:31:16,640 --> 00:31:19,000
Water lilies.
322
00:31:19,040 --> 00:31:21,600
Packed with essential minerals,
323
00:31:22,480 --> 00:31:25,360
they're gourmet dining
for baboons.
324
00:31:28,960 --> 00:31:32,240
But they come
with a very high price tag.
325
00:31:33,920 --> 00:31:37,040
They grow in deep water...
326
00:31:38,920 --> 00:31:40,920
where danger lurks.
327
00:31:43,320 --> 00:31:45,840
Nile crocodiles,
328
00:31:45,880 --> 00:31:48,160
over ten feet long.
329
00:31:53,280 --> 00:31:56,360
But lilies are
far too tempting.
330
00:32:11,720 --> 00:32:14,840
And those are just in reach.
331
00:32:48,480 --> 00:32:50,120
This is one treat
332
00:32:50,160 --> 00:32:52,560
an alpha won't share.
333
00:32:53,560 --> 00:32:55,200
BARKS
334
00:33:10,120 --> 00:33:13,640
As the flood waters
recede in April,
335
00:33:13,680 --> 00:33:17,120
they leave behind
a precious gift...
336
00:33:27,960 --> 00:33:30,880
Nutrient-laden silt
337
00:33:31,840 --> 00:33:33,720
that enriches the soil.
338
00:33:42,800 --> 00:33:45,280
Once again, some of Africa's
339
00:33:45,320 --> 00:33:48,200
lushest grazing is on offer.
340
00:33:51,680 --> 00:33:53,560
With this annual inundation
341
00:33:53,600 --> 00:33:56,440
comes another
far-reaching reward.
342
00:33:59,840 --> 00:34:03,240
By rendering the land
almost impossible to settle,
343
00:34:03,280 --> 00:34:06,400
it has kept humans at bay.
344
00:34:12,600 --> 00:34:15,840
The Luangwa is one of
the last great African rivers
345
00:34:15,880 --> 00:34:18,720
to remain unhindered by dams
346
00:34:18,760 --> 00:34:20,360
and modern development...
347
00:34:27,520 --> 00:34:31,800
preserving some of the last
pristine tracts of savannah
348
00:34:31,840 --> 00:34:33,480
for one of this continent's
349
00:34:33,520 --> 00:34:35,680
most endangered carnivores...
350
00:34:46,760 --> 00:34:48,440
The painted wolf.
351
00:34:51,320 --> 00:34:55,280
Just one pack roams
several hundred square miles.
352
00:35:07,320 --> 00:35:10,040
On the brink of extinction
elsewhere,
353
00:35:10,080 --> 00:35:12,080
this stable population
354
00:35:12,120 --> 00:35:14,440
is becoming
ever more important.
355
00:35:21,640 --> 00:35:25,680
And wilderness
on such an epic scale
356
00:35:25,720 --> 00:35:29,280
is now one of
the last sanctuaries
357
00:35:29,320 --> 00:35:31,280
of the black rhino.
358
00:35:31,320 --> 00:35:32,720
DEEP GRUNT
359
00:35:35,480 --> 00:35:38,280
While they're
quite clearly grey,
360
00:35:38,320 --> 00:35:42,360
one theory suggests
that distinctive upper lip
361
00:35:42,400 --> 00:35:44,080
gave them their name.
362
00:35:44,120 --> 00:35:45,960
"Beaked rhino"
363
00:35:46,000 --> 00:35:49,200
becoming "black rhino"
over time.
364
00:36:01,680 --> 00:36:03,840
Preferring his own company,
365
00:36:05,040 --> 00:36:07,280
he's both woefully
short-sighted...
366
00:36:10,040 --> 00:36:13,280
and notoriously ill-tempered.
367
00:36:17,120 --> 00:36:19,760
This 1.5 ton bull
368
00:36:19,800 --> 00:36:22,480
has picked up the elusive aroma
369
00:36:22,520 --> 00:36:27,080
of one thing guaranteed
to mellow his mood.
370
00:36:28,800 --> 00:36:31,280
He sets off with high hopes.
371
00:36:35,920 --> 00:36:37,160
Oh dear,
372
00:36:37,200 --> 00:36:38,760
that sensitive nose
373
00:36:38,800 --> 00:36:40,680
has lost the scent trail.
374
00:36:41,440 --> 00:36:42,720
GRUNTS
375
00:36:44,360 --> 00:36:46,480
GRUNTING
376
00:37:05,000 --> 00:37:07,240
Ah, there it is!
377
00:37:15,080 --> 00:37:19,480
Charging upwind at more
than 30 miles per hour,
378
00:37:19,520 --> 00:37:22,000
he finally sniffs out
his quarry...
379
00:37:25,760 --> 00:37:27,680
an equally solitary,
380
00:37:27,720 --> 00:37:30,760
just-as-irascible female.
381
00:37:32,400 --> 00:37:34,120
HIGH-PITCHED CALL
382
00:37:35,000 --> 00:37:37,960
She feigns lack of interest.
383
00:37:40,080 --> 00:37:41,600
HIGH-PITCHED CALL
384
00:37:44,080 --> 00:37:48,200
So he'll stay by
her side for up to two weeks...
385
00:37:49,280 --> 00:37:52,680
until she gives in
to his gentle serenade.
386
00:37:52,720 --> 00:37:54,200
HIGH-PITCHED CALL
387
00:37:57,640 --> 00:38:00,400
Every baby
this Eden could deliver...
388
00:38:01,640 --> 00:38:03,520
builds hope for the future
389
00:38:03,560 --> 00:38:06,440
of this critically
endangered species.
390
00:38:19,040 --> 00:38:22,040
Luangwa's seasonal balance
has now shifted
391
00:38:22,080 --> 00:38:23,880
from favoring the hunter...
392
00:38:25,720 --> 00:38:27,800
to helping the hunted.
393
00:38:32,720 --> 00:38:34,640
For a female leopard,
394
00:38:34,680 --> 00:38:37,560
stalking is a lot harder.
395
00:38:42,760 --> 00:38:46,760
Impala are scattered
far and wide...
396
00:38:50,000 --> 00:38:53,480
and the gullies relied on
for cover in the dry season
397
00:38:53,520 --> 00:38:54,840
are flooded.
398
00:38:57,600 --> 00:39:01,040
It's time
for a new plan of attack.
399
00:39:07,000 --> 00:39:09,800
IMPALA CALLING
400
00:39:14,640 --> 00:39:17,520
Good grazing means
that female impala
401
00:39:17,560 --> 00:39:20,200
are in prime
breeding condition.
402
00:39:21,000 --> 00:39:23,920
GRUNTING
403
00:39:25,960 --> 00:39:28,160
Broadcasting his authority,
404
00:39:28,200 --> 00:39:32,880
a dominant ram has the pick
of over 20 ewes in his harem.
405
00:39:32,920 --> 00:39:36,280
GRUNTING
406
00:39:40,720 --> 00:39:43,600
Crowned with 30-inch horns,
407
00:39:43,640 --> 00:39:46,520
an alpha will go head-to-head
408
00:39:46,560 --> 00:39:49,960
with any who dare to challenge
his mating rights.
409
00:39:59,680 --> 00:40:03,200
That's just what this female's
been waiting for...
410
00:40:08,080 --> 00:40:12,040
The strutting arrival
of a worthy challenger.
411
00:40:22,600 --> 00:40:25,720
Sparring to gauge
size and strength...
412
00:40:27,000 --> 00:40:29,080
each looks for an opening.
413
00:40:45,800 --> 00:40:49,720
Wrenching locked horns...
414
00:40:49,760 --> 00:40:51,960
and straining every sinew
415
00:40:52,000 --> 00:40:54,280
to force the other to give way.
416
00:41:12,440 --> 00:41:15,240
The charge must be timed
to perfection...
417
00:41:16,960 --> 00:41:19,920
striking while
their guard is down...
418
00:41:25,640 --> 00:41:29,080
but not until
their energy is spent.
419
00:41:42,880 --> 00:41:46,200
ALARM CALL
420
00:42:11,960 --> 00:42:16,360
Making the most
of seasonal shifts in behavior,
421
00:42:16,400 --> 00:42:18,880
this is a crucial kill.
422
00:42:35,120 --> 00:42:37,160
By stashing this prize,
423
00:42:37,200 --> 00:42:39,760
it may last several days.
424
00:42:56,720 --> 00:42:59,480
Time this mother can spend
with her demanding
425
00:42:59,520 --> 00:43:01,320
five-week-old
426
00:43:01,360 --> 00:43:03,680
twin cubs.
427
00:43:04,520 --> 00:43:07,680
MOTHER GROWLS SOFTLY
428
00:43:09,680 --> 00:43:13,040
GROWLING SOFTLY
429
00:43:25,320 --> 00:43:26,720
And a full belly...
430
00:43:27,800 --> 00:43:30,240
means she can provide
plentiful milk...
431
00:43:31,800 --> 00:43:33,840
for the next generation
432
00:43:33,880 --> 00:43:36,720
of Luangwa's leopards.
433
00:43:44,800 --> 00:43:47,280
As long as the river
guards this place
434
00:43:47,320 --> 00:43:49,000
with its floodwaters,
435
00:43:49,680 --> 00:43:53,200
unfettered by dams
or agriculture...
436
00:43:54,720 --> 00:43:56,600
the creatures that live here
437
00:43:56,640 --> 00:43:59,240
in perfect balance...
438
00:44:01,520 --> 00:44:03,920
through boom and bust...
439
00:44:05,640 --> 00:44:07,400
both predators
440
00:44:07,440 --> 00:44:09,320
and prey...
441
00:44:11,920 --> 00:44:14,880
will continue to prosper...
442
00:44:15,760 --> 00:44:19,720
and this valley
will remain forever...
443
00:44:20,760 --> 00:44:23,040
an emerald Eden.
444
00:44:39,120 --> 00:44:42,200
Filming critically
endangered black rhino
445
00:44:42,240 --> 00:44:44,240
presented the Eden crew
446
00:44:44,280 --> 00:44:46,200
with their biggest
challenge yet.
447
00:44:49,200 --> 00:44:51,920
North Luangwa is home
to Zambia's
448
00:44:51,960 --> 00:44:54,280
only black rhino population.
449
00:44:56,440 --> 00:44:58,800
Around 50 roam a wilderness
450
00:44:58,840 --> 00:45:02,600
of 8,500 square miles.
451
00:45:04,040 --> 00:45:06,480
To stand a chance
of finding one,
452
00:45:06,520 --> 00:45:08,160
the crew team up
453
00:45:08,200 --> 00:45:11,040
with the North Luangwa
Conservation Program,
454
00:45:11,920 --> 00:45:15,680
a long-term partnership
of dedicated scientists
455
00:45:15,720 --> 00:45:18,320
and highly trained scouts.
456
00:45:18,360 --> 00:45:20,800
The rhinos form
a focus or a flagship
457
00:45:20,840 --> 00:45:22,840
for the much wider ecosystem,
458
00:45:22,880 --> 00:45:24,880
and the rhino scouts themselves
459
00:45:24,920 --> 00:45:28,160
are all recruited
from the local communities.
460
00:45:28,200 --> 00:45:30,040
For the last 35 years,
461
00:45:30,080 --> 00:45:32,200
they have put their lives
on the line
462
00:45:32,240 --> 00:45:34,480
to combat armed poachers
463
00:45:34,520 --> 00:45:37,680
and successfully established
a safe haven
464
00:45:37,720 --> 00:45:40,520
for the last
of Zambia's black rhino.
465
00:45:45,080 --> 00:45:47,280
And there's one rhino
whose story
466
00:45:47,320 --> 00:45:49,800
the crew are
particularly keen to tell.
467
00:45:49,840 --> 00:45:51,960
Kango is very close
to our hearts.
468
00:45:52,000 --> 00:45:53,720
He's named
after the local chief.
469
00:45:53,760 --> 00:45:56,360
We released him here
on the Mwaleshi
470
00:45:56,400 --> 00:45:57,880
in the heart
of the north Luangwa.
471
00:45:57,920 --> 00:45:59,680
And you see him today,
472
00:45:59,720 --> 00:46:02,080
he's mating, he's bred,
he's got, I think,
473
00:46:02,120 --> 00:46:04,200
five females now in his area,
474
00:46:04,240 --> 00:46:05,880
he's in tip-top condition.
475
00:46:05,920 --> 00:46:08,720
To track Kango,
the crew work closely
476
00:46:08,760 --> 00:46:10,880
with the rhino
monitoring unit.
477
00:46:27,200 --> 00:46:29,880
With a positive
sighting radioed in,
478
00:46:29,920 --> 00:46:33,880
the only way for the crew
to proceed in this terrain
479
00:46:33,920 --> 00:46:35,240
is on foot...
480
00:46:35,840 --> 00:46:38,320
carrying all 60 pounds
481
00:46:38,360 --> 00:46:39,880
of camera gear.
482
00:46:39,920 --> 00:46:42,240
Much easier on your head
than round your neck.
483
00:46:43,720 --> 00:46:45,800
The team cover
ten miles a day,
484
00:46:45,840 --> 00:46:48,280
homing in on the signal
from the transmitter
485
00:46:48,320 --> 00:46:50,880
that Kango carries on his horn.
486
00:46:53,480 --> 00:46:54,960
After a morning's trek,
487
00:46:55,000 --> 00:46:57,200
the scouts appear
to be closing in
488
00:46:57,240 --> 00:46:59,760
on a small gathering of rhino.
489
00:47:01,000 --> 00:47:04,360
It's like waiting
for the faint blip
490
00:47:04,400 --> 00:47:06,800
of an ultrasound
for a 2-ton baby.
491
00:47:07,720 --> 00:47:11,560
The crew moves in
to set up for the first shot.
492
00:47:13,800 --> 00:47:16,040
Rhino pick up on movement,
493
00:47:16,080 --> 00:47:17,560
sound...
494
00:47:18,600 --> 00:47:20,560
and also scent.
495
00:47:32,440 --> 00:47:34,520
LOUD ROAR
496
00:47:40,480 --> 00:47:43,480
Had one warning
snort to me, settled,
497
00:47:43,520 --> 00:47:45,480
but they just...
one of them just charged,
498
00:47:45,520 --> 00:47:47,240
I think it was the female.
499
00:47:47,280 --> 00:47:50,760
Um... so we've just had to
run up a tree.
500
00:47:50,800 --> 00:47:53,720
Um... bit close.
501
00:48:00,480 --> 00:48:03,240
She heard us and she came
right up to us and I...
502
00:48:03,280 --> 00:48:06,320
I foolishly moved
so she charged,
503
00:48:06,360 --> 00:48:08,720
and we all kind of disappeared
in various directions.
504
00:48:09,680 --> 00:48:12,400
A sobering first
encounter for the crew...
505
00:48:14,840 --> 00:48:17,040
but thanks to
the experienced scouts,
506
00:48:17,080 --> 00:48:20,480
they continue their search
for Kango unharmed...
507
00:48:21,960 --> 00:48:26,080
exposing them to the full force
of the rainy season.
508
00:48:27,320 --> 00:48:29,120
Virtually like playing
cat and mouse
509
00:48:29,160 --> 00:48:31,480
with these rhinos
in this thick vegetation.
510
00:48:31,520 --> 00:48:33,960
Now that it's raining, we're
having to hide in the bush.
511
00:48:34,000 --> 00:48:35,440
THUNDER RUMBLES
512
00:48:44,600 --> 00:48:45,960
Ten days on,
513
00:48:46,000 --> 00:48:47,520
they finally close in
514
00:48:47,560 --> 00:48:50,040
on their feisty subject
once more.
515
00:48:51,960 --> 00:48:54,280
Now that Kango has
become the dominant bull,
516
00:48:54,320 --> 00:48:56,000
he can be both
extremely aggressive
517
00:48:56,040 --> 00:48:57,720
and extremely placid,
518
00:48:57,760 --> 00:49:00,200
so, therefore, tracking him
and working with him
519
00:49:00,240 --> 00:49:01,960
is, uh, pretty risky
520
00:49:02,000 --> 00:49:04,480
because he can go either way
depending upon the day.
521
00:49:04,520 --> 00:49:06,440
CHUCKLES
522
00:49:06,480 --> 00:49:08,920
But as Nathan
finally gets ready to film...
523
00:49:09,920 --> 00:49:12,880
Kango gets a whiff of them,
524
00:49:12,920 --> 00:49:15,880
and this time chooses
to turn tail.
525
00:49:21,080 --> 00:49:22,520
Camera-shy,
526
00:49:22,560 --> 00:49:25,160
he continues to run rings
around the team.
527
00:49:25,200 --> 00:49:28,160
I think that is the definition
of being Kangoed.
528
00:49:30,240 --> 00:49:32,880
I'm not in love
with that rhino anymore.
529
00:49:32,920 --> 00:49:35,120
He's been up
and all over the place today.
530
00:49:35,160 --> 00:49:37,320
Kind of like an uneventful walk
around the park.
531
00:49:37,360 --> 00:49:40,440
He's hiding in there,
laughing at us.
532
00:49:40,480 --> 00:49:42,240
With time fast running out,
533
00:49:42,280 --> 00:49:44,400
the team resorts
to a more hands-off
534
00:49:44,440 --> 00:49:45,840
approach to filming.
535
00:49:45,880 --> 00:49:47,800
DRONE BUZZING
536
00:49:49,680 --> 00:49:51,240
The drone camera captures
537
00:49:51,280 --> 00:49:53,320
a unique perspective of Kango,
538
00:49:54,720 --> 00:49:57,880
who appears oblivious
to its presence,
539
00:49:57,920 --> 00:50:01,080
helping the team
keep an eye on him.
540
00:50:03,440 --> 00:50:07,000
But Kango can travel
nearly 20 miles a day,
541
00:50:07,040 --> 00:50:10,600
making it impossible
for Nathan to keep up.
542
00:50:13,840 --> 00:50:16,440
A week later, the plane reports
543
00:50:16,480 --> 00:50:18,520
a more hopeful development.
544
00:50:18,560 --> 00:50:21,840
Well, he's not far away,
I've got a signal already.
545
00:50:21,880 --> 00:50:23,560
There he is.
546
00:50:23,600 --> 00:50:25,480
One, see his head?
547
00:50:25,520 --> 00:50:28,360
Then the other one pointing
the other way, that's two.
548
00:50:28,400 --> 00:50:31,240
I think Kango is on a date.
549
00:50:31,280 --> 00:50:33,640
And that's why
they haven't moved far,
550
00:50:33,680 --> 00:50:35,280
they've been dating.
551
00:50:35,840 --> 00:50:38,360
In the hope
that Kango is now settled,
552
00:50:38,400 --> 00:50:41,440
the team move in
for one last attempt...
553
00:50:46,160 --> 00:50:48,560
to be rewarded
with a rarely filmed
554
00:50:48,600 --> 00:50:50,360
and surprisingly gentle
555
00:50:50,400 --> 00:50:52,240
courtship scene.
556
00:50:52,280 --> 00:50:53,960
HIGH-PITCHED CALL
557
00:50:56,440 --> 00:50:58,320
HIGH-PITCHED CALL
558
00:51:03,760 --> 00:51:05,360
That was amazing,
559
00:51:05,400 --> 00:51:06,880
I mean, we got really close,
560
00:51:06,920 --> 00:51:08,840
sort of about 40 feet away,
561
00:51:08,880 --> 00:51:11,480
um, just the two of them
lying down,
562
00:51:11,520 --> 00:51:13,920
it's quite hard to see,
but, I mean, first sighting,
563
00:51:13,960 --> 00:51:16,360
and you're just standing
next to wild black rhino.
564
00:51:16,400 --> 00:51:18,840
Kango's future looks secure
565
00:51:18,880 --> 00:51:20,440
thanks to the tireless efforts
566
00:51:20,480 --> 00:51:23,200
of the North Luangwa
Conservation Program.
567
00:51:24,360 --> 00:51:26,360
But the long term salvation
568
00:51:26,400 --> 00:51:28,920
for all of Luangwa's
precious wildlife
569
00:51:29,800 --> 00:51:31,360
rests with the people
570
00:51:31,400 --> 00:51:33,960
whose land
they must continue to share.
571
00:51:34,520 --> 00:51:36,000
We protect
572
00:51:36,040 --> 00:51:38,080
but we work very closely
with the communities
573
00:51:38,120 --> 00:51:40,560
to ensure that they have
a true sense of ownership
574
00:51:40,600 --> 00:51:42,200
to be able to manage
575
00:51:42,240 --> 00:51:44,000
their own natural heritage
576
00:51:44,040 --> 00:51:45,920
to protect this landscape
577
00:51:45,960 --> 00:51:47,920
in the future
and for future generations.
39702
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