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(contemplative strings music)
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(dramatic piano music)
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(machinery beeping)
(ventilator hissing)
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- [Narrator] It is one
of the great miracles
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of modern medicine, the
saving of a dying patient
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with a transplanted body part.
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But there is a worldwide
shortage of organs
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and a surplus of poor
people who believe
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that the solution
to their suffering
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is not to receive an
organ, but to sell one.
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* Take it
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* Take another little
piece of my heart now, baby
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* Oh, oh, break it
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* Break another little bit
of my heart, now darling
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* Yeah, c'mon now
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* Oh, have a
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00:00:50,767 --> 00:00:54,933
* Have another little
piece of my heart now, baby
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* You know you got it, wow
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* Take it
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* Take another little
piece of my heart now, baby
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* Oh, oh, break it
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* Break another
little bit of my heart
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(ominous strings music)
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(gulls squawking)
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(traffic rumbling)
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(cars honking)
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(train rattling)
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- [Narrator] Joboy, a
44-year-old husband and father
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yearns to lift his family
from abject poverty.
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He's decided to sell
one of his kidneys.
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His home is a crawl space
under someone else's shack.
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It's too small to stand up in,
and there's no electricity.
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(dramatic strings music)
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- [Narrator] In the Philippines,
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like almost everywhere
else on earth,
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selling a part of
your body is illegal.
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The result is a
flourishing black market,
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run by backstreet
brokers like Diane.
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Like most brokers, Diane
sold one of her own kidneys
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and served as the agent
for a dozen members
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00:03:02,967 --> 00:03:06,700
of her extended family
when they sold theirs.
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- [Narrator] Diane has
offered Joboy $2,500,
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double what he'd earn from
unskilled labor in a year.
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- [Narrator] All they need now
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is someone who is
desperately ill.
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Every year, all over the world,
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thousands of people like
Joboy make the same decision.
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50 years ago, it wasn't possible
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to take one kidney from
another to save a life.
50
00:04:00,933 --> 00:04:03,067
Now, it's almost routine.
51
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We are born with two.
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With proper care, we can
live and thrive with one.
53
00:04:12,067 --> 00:04:15,967
But the demand for this
organ far exceeds the supply,
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so many desperate patients
turn to the black market where,
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00:04:19,367 --> 00:04:21,300
in some countries,
you can pick up
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a kidney for the
price of a laptop.
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00:04:24,067 --> 00:04:28,200
(machinery beeping)
(ventilator hissing)
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00:04:33,500 --> 00:04:35,067
(dramatic piano music)
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- I was diagnosed at 21
that I had kidney failure.
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Generally when this happens,
it happens when you're older.
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Of course you go into
denial and you think,
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"No way, this can't
be happening to me."
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(silverware clatters)
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I'm just trying to
live the life I think
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I would have lived if
this didn't happen.
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(water hissing)
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- [Narrator] Mary
Jo has been waiting
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for a kidney transplant
for six years.
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She's kept alive on dialysis.
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00:05:04,067 --> 00:05:05,767
- Dialysis, what
it does is, I mean,
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00:05:05,767 --> 00:05:08,100
it cleans your blood
but it's not just
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taking out the toxins,
it's taking out everything.
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So, anything good
that's in your body
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00:05:11,633 --> 00:05:13,633
as well comes out
at the same time.
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So, you know, you're wiped out.
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When you get off you're
completely wiped out,
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so it, I mean, it
takes its toll.
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(dog barks)
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Sorry Hun, I locked it.
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- Oh that's okay.
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- I've got stuff
happening all the time.
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I've got a three-year-old
kid who's got special needs.
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I've got a husband, I've got
a house, I've got a career.
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If I want to do the things
I've always wanted to do.
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I still want to travel, I want
to, I want to live my life.
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So this is my dialysis machine.
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(dramatic piano music)
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Doing dialysis is
a very traumatizing
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experience for anybody.
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It took me, I'd say
at least a good year
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to really get used to sticking
sharp needles in my arm.
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(machine beeping)
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You have to do dialysis
every other day.
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It just changes you.
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It changes the way
you look at things.
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00:06:05,800 --> 00:06:08,233
It changes your way of life,
your perspective on things
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00:06:08,233 --> 00:06:10,533
and how you would
do things normally.
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This one hurts.
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You can't stay on
this machine forever.
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00:06:24,500 --> 00:06:27,267
It doesn't do what
a kidney does.
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Some days I think,
"God, how much longer
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"am I going to have to do this?"
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I would love to have a living
donor if that was possible.
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This is it, unless
somebody offers me a kidney
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or unless a cadaver
becomes available.
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This is what keeps me alive.
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00:06:54,367 --> 00:06:58,533
(dramatic strings
and piano music)
108
00:07:00,867 --> 00:07:03,067
- There's no point in
having a bad attitude.
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You put up with what
you have to put up with
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and there's no point in
complaining about it.
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00:07:08,100 --> 00:07:12,200
It's a matter of just what
you have to deal with.
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00:07:17,233 --> 00:07:19,667
I'm effectively between
a rock and a hard place.
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If I can get a transplant
in the next year or two,
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I will probably live
another 20, 25 years.
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If I, you know, don't
manage to maintain
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my health long enough
to get a transplant
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and they take me off
the transplant list,
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I'll be dead in eight
years, probably.
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It's not living, it's existing.
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- So Walter, how
long have you been
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on the transplant list already?
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- Almost two years.
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- Wow.
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- What do I have, probably
two or three years
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before I probably have problems?
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- Currently, people
that have, were put
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on the transplant list
at the time you were,
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they're waiting anywhere
from four to five years
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for a kidney to become available
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unless they have a living donor.
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- Right.
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(dramatic piano music)
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- Patients who are on dialysis
have an increased mortality.
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And that mortality
hasn't changed in the
last 15, 20 years.
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As a doctor, if
you're in a clinic
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00:08:18,433 --> 00:08:20,800
of a hundred people
that you're treating,
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20 of those people are
going to die each year.
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- I effectively have to
decide at this point whether,
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you know, if I
can't find a donor
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00:08:29,067 --> 00:08:31,733
in this country fairly
soon, I have to decide
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whether I'm willing
to take on my soul,
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the ethical burden of purchasing
a kidney from somebody
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or choose to die, and that is
really the choice I'm facing.
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(pot clangs)
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(water hissing)
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- Waiting for him to get
to the top of the list--
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- Which I ain't gonna make.
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- Of transplant,
cadaver transplants,
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just doesn't seem like
it's gonna happen.
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And you know, it's, yeah, I mean
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00:09:04,767 --> 00:09:08,333
a foreign situation obviously
would not be our first choice
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00:09:08,333 --> 00:09:11,300
but at this point it looks
like it may be our only choice.
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(dramatic piano music)
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- [Narrator] In Toronto,
Raul Fain already made
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the choice that
Walter is considering.
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He mortgaged his
house, went overseas,
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and paid $100,000 for a kidney.
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- Where was this
minaret, downtown?
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- Across from the hotel.
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- [Raul] Oh, here is how I look
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after the second day of surgery,
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and my muscles have
disappeared and I've lost--
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- Oh, the muscle disappeared
before the surgery.
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That's what renal failure does.
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Let me see this one.
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- Approximately 10
years ago, I was
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diagnosed with a kidney disease.
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After about nine years,
my specialist suggested
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that he's really not able
to help me much more.
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(keyboard clacking)
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So I started to inquire about
doing a transplant overseas.
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00:10:01,900 --> 00:10:06,067
I had one ray of sunshine that
through some family members,
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it was transmitted to me
that there was a gentleman
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00:10:10,233 --> 00:10:12,600
that had this
operation in Israel.
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- When he got the news that
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there may be a possibility
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to go out of the
country, we just jumped.
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- [Raul] And when I
contacted this person,
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he explained to me
that the surgery
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does not take place in Israel.
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- Then it was Turkey,
which I said okay.
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Turkey is already,
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it's not a backward country.
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It's modern and so on.
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- He also informed
me that there were
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some problems in Turkey,
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and the whole operation
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has had to move to Kosovo.
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- The Turkey clinic
has been closed.
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We have to go to Kosovo, so
whatever we were prepared for,
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we were not prepared for Kosovo.
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(dramatic strings music)
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00:11:00,100 --> 00:11:02,933
- [Narrator] Kosovo is
Europe's newest country,
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00:11:02,933 --> 00:11:05,500
an orphaned slice of
the former Yugoslavia
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00:11:05,500 --> 00:11:09,333
corroded by corruption and
strangled by organized crime.
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00:11:09,333 --> 00:11:11,833
(siren wails)
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When Raul traveled to
Kosovo for his black market
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kidney transplant, he had no
idea he was about to become
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00:11:17,800 --> 00:11:19,933
embroiled in one of the
world's most infamous
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00:11:19,933 --> 00:11:23,433
organ trafficking
rings, an organization
201
00:11:23,433 --> 00:11:26,300
now being investigated
by the European Union.
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00:11:26,300 --> 00:11:29,367
(treadmill whirring)
203
00:11:30,467 --> 00:11:32,667
Jonathan Ratel is a prosecutor
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00:11:32,667 --> 00:11:37,500
and a veteran of trouble spots
like Iraq and Afghanistan.
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00:11:37,500 --> 00:11:39,100
He has now been sent to Kosovo
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00:11:39,100 --> 00:11:43,100
to crack down on organized
crime and corruption.
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00:11:44,533 --> 00:11:48,500
The first case to land on
his desk is the Medicus case.
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00:11:48,500 --> 00:11:52,633
The charges, trafficking in
body parts, organized crime,
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trafficking in persons, and
unlawful medical practice.
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00:11:56,767 --> 00:11:58,867
- [Linda] Okay, what are
the precise allegations
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00:11:58,867 --> 00:12:01,200
that ground the indictment here?
212
00:12:01,200 --> 00:12:05,067
- There is a growing
network of organ trade
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00:12:05,067 --> 00:12:08,933
throughout the world, and
unfortunately the source
214
00:12:08,933 --> 00:12:13,067
for these organs are
the indigent, the
poor, the vulnerable,
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00:12:13,067 --> 00:12:16,467
and the persons who
want this are rich,
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00:12:16,467 --> 00:12:19,233
wealthy, western
nations, who can pay
217
00:12:19,233 --> 00:12:22,367
a hundred thousand US
dollars for a kidney.
218
00:12:22,367 --> 00:12:24,433
And they are harvesting
these organs.
219
00:12:24,433 --> 00:12:28,067
That's the top-level
allegation of this.
220
00:12:28,067 --> 00:12:30,567
- To sell an organ,
it's a terrible thing.
221
00:12:30,567 --> 00:12:32,733
But on the other
hand, maybe it's saves
222
00:12:32,733 --> 00:12:35,067
your life equally
how it saved my life.
223
00:12:35,067 --> 00:12:37,733
We don't know, and I cannot
profess to know what,
224
00:12:37,733 --> 00:12:41,800
for what purpose did
these people did it.
225
00:12:41,800 --> 00:12:44,200
You know, so that's why
it can never be, you know,
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00:12:44,200 --> 00:12:46,767
100% one way and say
it's bad and that's it.
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00:12:46,767 --> 00:12:49,400
(dramatic orchestral music)
228
00:12:49,400 --> 00:12:51,600
- [Narrator] In this
clinic called Medicus,
229
00:12:51,600 --> 00:12:54,600
on the outskirts of
Kosovo's capital, Prishtina,
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00:12:54,600 --> 00:12:56,500
Raul Fain's life was saved by
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00:12:56,500 --> 00:12:59,333
one of Europe's most wanted men.
232
00:12:59,333 --> 00:13:00,900
- One of the significant figures
233
00:13:00,900 --> 00:13:04,500
in this case is Dr. Yusuf
Sonmez, without a doubt.
234
00:13:04,500 --> 00:13:08,767
This individual is a
notorious organ trafficker
235
00:13:08,767 --> 00:13:12,200
and has engaged in this
activity in his own home country
236
00:13:12,200 --> 00:13:13,900
in Turkey for a
long period of time.
237
00:13:13,900 --> 00:13:15,067
(camera shutters clicking)
238
00:13:15,067 --> 00:13:18,800
He is the surgical
expertise in this case.
239
00:13:18,800 --> 00:13:21,133
- [Narrator] Dr. Yusuf
Sonmez is one of Turkey's
240
00:13:21,133 --> 00:13:23,567
most accomplished
transplant surgeons
241
00:13:23,567 --> 00:13:27,267
and a fugitive from the
international police.
242
00:13:27,267 --> 00:13:30,267
He performed more than
2,000 operations in Turkey
243
00:13:30,267 --> 00:13:34,967
and in dark corners of
the former Soviet empire.
244
00:13:34,967 --> 00:13:38,400
He first made headlines when
he was caught on hidden camera
245
00:13:38,400 --> 00:13:42,300
allegedly offering a man
$8,000 for his kidney.
246
00:13:50,967 --> 00:13:52,233
- [Narrator] His
alleged practice
247
00:13:52,233 --> 00:13:54,767
of dealing in body parts
earned him the nicknames
248
00:13:54,767 --> 00:13:58,433
Doctor Vulture and the
Turkish Frankenstein.
249
00:13:59,633 --> 00:14:01,933
Arrested six times
in his own country,
250
00:14:01,933 --> 00:14:04,333
Sonmez escaped
conviction by producing
251
00:14:04,333 --> 00:14:06,600
consent forms from his donors,
252
00:14:06,600 --> 00:14:10,767
attesting that ultimately
no cash ever changed hands.
253
00:14:16,900 --> 00:14:19,067
- [Narrator] But now, the
transplants he performed
254
00:14:19,067 --> 00:14:21,367
at the Medicus clinic in Kosovo,
255
00:14:21,367 --> 00:14:24,467
have him in the legal
crosshairs once again.
256
00:14:24,467 --> 00:14:26,200
- He had a presence.
257
00:14:26,200 --> 00:14:28,933
He could have commanded
anybody in the room,
258
00:14:28,933 --> 00:14:32,167
and the way he imposed
himself, just by his,
259
00:14:32,167 --> 00:14:34,500
just by his movements,
just by his demeanor.
260
00:14:34,500 --> 00:14:37,200
- He didn't have
time for small talk,
261
00:14:37,200 --> 00:14:40,800
although I tried
to entertain a few,
262
00:14:40,800 --> 00:14:45,233
a few words with him, I
said I read a lot about you.
263
00:14:45,233 --> 00:14:49,067
To what he said, "Yeah,
all the beautiful things
264
00:14:49,067 --> 00:14:53,067
"about me on the Internet,
and you still came?"
265
00:14:53,067 --> 00:14:56,467
And I said, "Yes,"
(laughs) "and we still came
266
00:14:56,467 --> 00:14:59,067
"because you are the only one."
267
00:15:00,667 --> 00:15:01,933
- [Jonathan] What really grounds
268
00:15:01,933 --> 00:15:04,833
this case is man's
inhumanity to man.
269
00:15:04,833 --> 00:15:07,233
Anywhere from 10 to 15% of all
270
00:15:07,233 --> 00:15:10,167
organ transplants are illegal.
271
00:15:10,167 --> 00:15:11,900
This is an exploitation of the
272
00:15:11,900 --> 00:15:14,633
human condition
that has to stop.
273
00:15:15,733 --> 00:15:17,767
- Obviously, I'm
biased and, obviously,
274
00:15:17,767 --> 00:15:20,967
this particular situation
helped me and saved my life.
275
00:15:20,967 --> 00:15:23,467
So obviously there is,
you know, I'm selfish.
276
00:15:23,467 --> 00:15:26,600
But I don't see it like
such a terrible thing,
277
00:15:26,600 --> 00:15:31,067
provided that it's done
in kind of an honest way.
278
00:15:31,067 --> 00:15:32,367
- [Narrator] The
Medicus case involves
279
00:15:32,367 --> 00:15:35,267
dozens of people across
three continents.
280
00:15:35,267 --> 00:15:37,567
Raul was one of 20
patients who traveled
281
00:15:37,567 --> 00:15:40,400
to Kosovo to buy
a kidney in 2008.
282
00:15:41,500 --> 00:15:43,833
20 people from Eastern
Europe, Turkey,
283
00:15:43,833 --> 00:15:46,467
and Russia sold their kidneys.
284
00:15:46,467 --> 00:15:48,933
The prosecution claims
that Raul's transplant
285
00:15:48,933 --> 00:15:51,933
was performed by the
surgeon Yusuf Sonmez
286
00:15:51,933 --> 00:15:54,333
and aided by an international
cast of characters
287
00:15:54,333 --> 00:15:57,567
that includes another
doctor, a fixer,
288
00:15:57,567 --> 00:16:01,867
and an exploited victim
who gave up an organ.
289
00:16:01,867 --> 00:16:04,533
To track the sale of
a black market kidney,
290
00:16:04,533 --> 00:16:06,700
the production team
sets out to reassemble
291
00:16:06,700 --> 00:16:09,433
all the player's from
Raul's operation,
292
00:16:09,433 --> 00:16:14,400
starting with the man at the
center of the Medicus case.
293
00:16:14,400 --> 00:16:18,067
Amazingly, Dr. Sonmez,
a fugitive from justice,
294
00:16:18,067 --> 00:16:20,733
wanted by Interpol,
has his own website.
295
00:16:20,733 --> 00:16:24,200
(keyboard clacking)
296
00:16:24,200 --> 00:16:28,067
But does Dr. Frankenstein
answer his emails?
297
00:16:28,067 --> 00:16:32,100
(gloomy mandolin music)
298
00:16:32,100 --> 00:16:34,767
(razor humming)
299
00:16:36,433 --> 00:16:38,767
The Philippines was
once a prime destination
300
00:16:38,767 --> 00:16:41,800
for foreign patients
desperate to buy a kidney,
301
00:16:41,800 --> 00:16:44,767
but with the global crackdown
on organ trafficking,
302
00:16:44,767 --> 00:16:48,933
it's now affluent Philippinos
who drive the trade.
303
00:16:57,667 --> 00:17:01,600
- [Narrator] Diane gets word
that a transplant is imminent.
304
00:17:01,600 --> 00:17:04,067
She keeps a roster of
potential organ sellers
305
00:17:04,067 --> 00:17:07,067
so that surgeons have a choice.
306
00:17:07,067 --> 00:17:08,900
Joboy has competition.
307
00:17:10,600 --> 00:17:12,100
(dramatic piano music)
308
00:17:12,100 --> 00:17:15,533
Eddieboy is a 22-year-old with
the same blood type as Joboy
309
00:17:15,533 --> 00:17:19,533
and an equal ration of
poverty and hopelessness.
310
00:17:23,500 --> 00:17:26,067
(baby cooing)
311
00:17:45,433 --> 00:17:47,933
- [Narrator] In the Philippines,
like everywhere else,
312
00:17:47,933 --> 00:17:51,067
each donor must testify
before a hospital official
313
00:17:51,067 --> 00:17:53,767
that they are not being coerced
and that they are motivated
314
00:17:53,767 --> 00:17:57,167
strictly by altruism,
not financial gain.
315
00:18:03,067 --> 00:18:06,067
- [Narrator] To prevent
abuse, Philippine law requires
316
00:18:06,067 --> 00:18:09,967
that a donor have a
relationship with the recipient.
317
00:18:09,967 --> 00:18:11,733
This is the loophole
that will get
318
00:18:11,733 --> 00:18:15,333
Diane's candidates
through their interview.
319
00:18:39,467 --> 00:18:42,233
- [Narrator] It takes
Eddieboy a while to catch on.
320
00:18:42,233 --> 00:18:46,233
But Diane has too much
at stake to let him fail.
321
00:19:07,800 --> 00:19:10,967
- [Narrator] Joboy
is a quicker study.
322
00:19:31,833 --> 00:19:35,333
(suspenseful strings
and piano music)
323
00:19:35,333 --> 00:19:36,733
- [Narrator] Now, for Eddieboy
324
00:19:36,733 --> 00:19:39,733
and Joboy, it's
just a waiting game.
325
00:19:43,767 --> 00:19:46,600
(thunder rumbles)
326
00:19:57,567 --> 00:20:01,733
A few days later, there's
a call from the hospital.
327
00:20:15,700 --> 00:20:19,033
- [Narrator] Diane
tells Joboy the news.
328
00:20:33,167 --> 00:20:36,667
(dramatic mandolin music)
329
00:21:27,467 --> 00:21:31,100
(dramatic strings
and piano music)
330
00:21:31,100 --> 00:21:33,633
- I really think we should
look at other alternatives.
331
00:21:33,633 --> 00:21:35,100
- Yeah, well...
332
00:21:35,100 --> 00:21:37,600
- [Nancy] So Laura, I
appreciate that, you know,
333
00:21:37,600 --> 00:21:40,433
in your situation, you
don't really feel that you--
334
00:21:40,433 --> 00:21:41,933
- Sure.
335
00:21:41,933 --> 00:21:44,933
- Could be a donor, but I
obviously have mixed feelings.
336
00:21:44,933 --> 00:21:47,100
If she were to suddenly have a
337
00:21:47,100 --> 00:21:49,933
change of heart
and say, "Yes," a--
338
00:21:49,933 --> 00:21:51,733
- [Laura] What an enormous
relief it would be for everyone.
339
00:21:51,733 --> 00:21:53,900
- Yeah, I mean, I think
it'd be marvelous.
340
00:21:53,900 --> 00:21:57,167
On the other hand, I don't
blame her at all for, you know,
341
00:21:57,167 --> 00:21:58,833
making the decision
that she's made.
342
00:21:58,833 --> 00:22:02,633
- It's not even a
rational decision,
really, this is a piece
343
00:22:02,633 --> 00:22:04,733
of my body and I'm not
gonna give it away.
344
00:22:04,733 --> 00:22:07,067
- [Walter] Well I
understand that, well...
345
00:22:07,067 --> 00:22:09,467
- And surgery is scary,
and things are scary,
346
00:22:09,467 --> 00:22:11,500
and I've got lots
of rational reasons,
347
00:22:11,500 --> 00:22:15,667
but the actual reason is just
that it bothers me, the idea.
348
00:22:15,667 --> 00:22:16,600
- [Walter] I know, I know.
349
00:22:16,600 --> 00:22:18,333
It would bother me too.
350
00:22:18,333 --> 00:22:19,833
- [Laura] Yeah.
351
00:22:19,833 --> 00:22:22,233
- And you damn well know that,
you know, we would have done
352
00:22:22,233 --> 00:22:24,133
anything for you when
you were growing up,
353
00:22:24,133 --> 00:22:26,300
and you'll do the
same for your kids.
354
00:22:26,300 --> 00:22:28,233
- No, I could have told you
already that that would be,
355
00:22:28,233 --> 00:22:29,333
of course that
would be different.
356
00:22:29,333 --> 00:22:30,367
(Laura and Nancy laugh)
357
00:22:30,367 --> 00:22:32,133
- [Walter] Right, well.
358
00:22:32,133 --> 00:22:36,133
- I'm not an idiot, of course
that would be different.
359
00:22:36,133 --> 00:22:38,067
You know, I mean,
it's my parents.
360
00:22:38,067 --> 00:22:39,733
They've done lots
of things for me.
361
00:22:39,733 --> 00:22:42,067
It seems like I ought to be
able to do something for them,
362
00:22:42,067 --> 00:22:44,200
and I do things for
them, but you know,
363
00:22:44,200 --> 00:22:46,100
this is something that
my father actually needs,
364
00:22:46,100 --> 00:22:49,267
and to feel like it's
not something that
I'm willing to do.
365
00:22:49,267 --> 00:22:50,667
If it were something
I couldn't do,
366
00:22:50,667 --> 00:22:52,767
I would feel less
guilty, but it being
367
00:22:52,767 --> 00:22:54,633
something that I'm
not willing to do,
368
00:22:54,633 --> 00:22:56,833
I've made a decision
not to help.
369
00:22:56,833 --> 00:23:01,067
(dramatic piano
and guitar music)
370
00:23:08,067 --> 00:23:08,967
- I mean, I really
only have three
371
00:23:08,967 --> 00:23:11,300
choices at this point, okay?
372
00:23:12,900 --> 00:23:14,433
I either get a
transplant overseas,
373
00:23:14,433 --> 00:23:18,200
I get a transplant in
this country, or I die.
374
00:23:19,533 --> 00:23:22,600
- It feels to me as
though going overseas
375
00:23:22,600 --> 00:23:25,333
and taking an organ
from somebody for money,
376
00:23:25,333 --> 00:23:27,300
again, especially
because that's something
377
00:23:27,300 --> 00:23:28,967
that I wouldn't be
comfortable doing.
378
00:23:28,967 --> 00:23:30,667
- Yeah, it's using them.
379
00:23:30,667 --> 00:23:34,167
- And taking advantage of
their poverty, which is
380
00:23:34,167 --> 00:23:37,767
something that is,
I mean, it's wrong.
381
00:23:37,767 --> 00:23:39,267
- Right, I agree.
382
00:23:39,267 --> 00:23:41,167
There's no argument, and
the fact that other people
383
00:23:41,167 --> 00:23:42,500
in this country can't afford to
384
00:23:42,500 --> 00:23:45,667
do this kind of thing is unfair.
385
00:23:45,667 --> 00:23:46,700
- Sure.
386
00:23:46,700 --> 00:23:48,233
- [Nancy] But life is unfair.
387
00:23:48,233 --> 00:23:50,533
- [Laura] I know, and I know
life is unfair, and I know--
388
00:23:50,533 --> 00:23:53,067
- You know, rich people get
things that poor people don't.
389
00:23:53,067 --> 00:23:54,100
That's the way the world works.
390
00:23:54,100 --> 00:23:55,067
- That's true.
391
00:23:55,067 --> 00:23:56,700
I wish we were rich. (chuckles)
392
00:23:56,700 --> 00:23:58,867
- Well, whatever, but
you know what I mean.
393
00:23:58,867 --> 00:24:00,700
- It's the choosing to
take advantage of it
394
00:24:00,700 --> 00:24:02,767
that's so
uncomfortable, you know?
395
00:24:02,767 --> 00:24:06,767
- I just don't see that
there's a lot of choice.
396
00:24:10,067 --> 00:24:13,233
(bus honks and clangs)
397
00:24:18,333 --> 00:24:21,667
- My family's riddled
with kidney disease.
398
00:24:21,667 --> 00:24:25,167
My mom's been on the
machine for 18 years.
399
00:24:31,267 --> 00:24:32,333
There she is.
400
00:24:34,067 --> 00:24:35,733
She doesn't look
like the same person.
401
00:24:35,733 --> 00:24:38,133
I mean, if you ask anybody
who knew her 10 years ago,
402
00:24:38,133 --> 00:24:40,900
and they saw her now, they
wouldn't recognize her.
403
00:24:40,900 --> 00:24:43,400
The change has
been that dramatic.
404
00:24:43,400 --> 00:24:44,233
Hi.
405
00:24:44,233 --> 00:24:45,267
- How's Alexander?
406
00:24:45,267 --> 00:24:46,767
- He's good.
407
00:24:46,767 --> 00:24:50,900
She's tired and her body is
broken down in many ways.
408
00:24:52,367 --> 00:24:55,400
And dialysis has
just crippled her.
409
00:24:55,400 --> 00:24:56,767
She's only 53.
410
00:24:56,767 --> 00:24:58,133
Mom, I didn't park very close.
411
00:24:58,133 --> 00:25:00,633
Do you want me to park closer?
412
00:25:02,100 --> 00:25:04,733
(machine beeping)
413
00:25:04,733 --> 00:25:09,667
My brother started dialysis
three years ago as well.
414
00:25:09,667 --> 00:25:12,267
My mom developed bone disease.
415
00:25:12,267 --> 00:25:14,767
Her hair started falling out.
416
00:25:14,767 --> 00:25:16,100
It's just been one thing after
417
00:25:16,100 --> 00:25:19,333
another for the past 18 years.
418
00:25:19,333 --> 00:25:21,633
I just don't want to
see myself go down
419
00:25:21,633 --> 00:25:23,067
the same path my mom has, where,
420
00:25:23,067 --> 00:25:24,667
you know, you just degenerate.
421
00:25:24,667 --> 00:25:29,133
Your body just starts to
fall apart after a while.
422
00:25:29,133 --> 00:25:32,200
- If my kids could
have a transplant,
423
00:25:33,300 --> 00:25:35,900
it would be a new beginning.
424
00:25:35,900 --> 00:25:38,933
My daughter's been on
dialysis about six years
425
00:25:38,933 --> 00:25:43,933
and my son, three, so if
there's a kidney out there,
426
00:25:43,933 --> 00:25:48,100
give it to my kids before me
because I really want them to.
427
00:25:49,500 --> 00:25:51,633
I really want them that gift.
428
00:25:51,633 --> 00:25:53,867
- I've got this cool technology.
429
00:25:53,867 --> 00:25:56,200
It's the latest, you know?
430
00:25:56,200 --> 00:26:00,567
You see, what I do is,
I, in, out. (chuckles)
431
00:26:00,567 --> 00:26:03,300
So, you know, it's
like a faucet.
432
00:26:03,300 --> 00:26:04,533
There's two lines basically.
433
00:26:04,533 --> 00:26:06,233
- It's in his
jugular, and that's
434
00:26:06,233 --> 00:26:07,933
what he lives with everyday.
435
00:26:07,933 --> 00:26:09,867
Like, he can't have a shower.
436
00:26:09,867 --> 00:26:11,867
The benefits of having
that, like he said,
437
00:26:11,867 --> 00:26:15,400
like you don't have to put
needles in your arms everyday.
438
00:26:15,400 --> 00:26:17,100
You just hook up
and you're good.
439
00:26:17,100 --> 00:26:19,700
- [Nick] You show them your
arm and then we'll compare.
440
00:26:19,700 --> 00:26:23,133
Okay, this is what terrifies me.
441
00:26:23,133 --> 00:26:25,133
- You wanna see an
old pro? (laughs)
442
00:26:25,133 --> 00:26:26,500
- [Mary Jo] This is 20 years.
443
00:26:26,500 --> 00:26:27,733
- [Nick] Look at this.
444
00:26:27,733 --> 00:26:29,367
This is the choice
I had, you know?
445
00:26:29,367 --> 00:26:31,067
They told me I had
a week to live,
446
00:26:31,067 --> 00:26:32,733
and this is what I
knew would happen
447
00:26:32,733 --> 00:26:33,967
to me if they
started sticking me.
448
00:26:33,967 --> 00:26:36,133
- I used this too
many times that
449
00:26:36,133 --> 00:26:38,433
every once in a
while it just bursts.
450
00:26:38,433 --> 00:26:39,933
- [Mary Jo] That's
when it exploded.
451
00:26:39,933 --> 00:26:41,133
- Yeah.
- Before Halloween.
452
00:26:41,133 --> 00:26:43,100
- [Nick] At the dinner
table. (chuckles)
453
00:26:43,100 --> 00:26:46,433
(dramatic guitar music)
454
00:26:48,800 --> 00:26:50,567
- I've heard of the black
market where, you know,
455
00:26:50,567 --> 00:26:53,433
people are going to try
and source out kidneys
456
00:26:53,433 --> 00:26:56,867
from, you know,
underdeveloped countries.
457
00:26:59,667 --> 00:27:01,467
"Hello, everyone, all
of you need kidneys
458
00:27:01,467 --> 00:27:03,067
"but don't have
potential donors.
459
00:27:03,067 --> 00:27:06,100
"If I am right, then I have
the exact solution for you."
460
00:27:06,100 --> 00:27:10,367
Yeah, I don't know what to
make of stuff like this.
461
00:27:10,367 --> 00:27:13,100
The black market idea
scares me a little bit.
462
00:27:13,100 --> 00:27:15,367
There's people who have come
back riddled with infections.
463
00:27:15,367 --> 00:27:17,633
So, you hear stuff like
that and you just think,
464
00:27:17,633 --> 00:27:21,500
"Wow, that's not the
route I want to take."
465
00:27:21,500 --> 00:27:23,567
- I could definitely
see more people saying,
466
00:27:23,567 --> 00:27:27,100
"I will donate a kidney, and
I'm really hard up for cash."
467
00:27:27,100 --> 00:27:28,933
They're helping someone,
and it might even
468
00:27:28,933 --> 00:27:30,833
help them in a way, so they're,
469
00:27:30,833 --> 00:27:32,800
the person who is
sick is benefiting,
470
00:27:32,800 --> 00:27:34,767
and this person is
getting the compensation
471
00:27:34,767 --> 00:27:38,067
that might actually turn
their life around as well.
472
00:27:38,067 --> 00:27:40,200
- The one guy who wants to
donate his kidney is not
473
00:27:40,200 --> 00:27:43,200
donating it because it's coming
from somewhere deep inside.
474
00:27:43,200 --> 00:27:46,300
He's donating it because he's
desperate for money, so...
475
00:27:46,300 --> 00:27:47,800
- I disagree.
476
00:27:47,800 --> 00:27:49,933
I think he's doing it knowing
that he's helping this guy.
477
00:27:49,933 --> 00:27:52,967
Even though it's petty,
it may seem materialistic,
478
00:27:52,967 --> 00:27:54,833
he still doesn't have to do
that, you know what I mean?
479
00:27:54,833 --> 00:27:56,067
- But if he didn't
need the money,
480
00:27:56,067 --> 00:27:57,800
do you think he
would still do it?
481
00:27:57,800 --> 00:28:00,100
- Maybe not, it sounds
like he wouldn't,
482
00:28:00,100 --> 00:28:02,067
but the guy's getting 20 grand,
483
00:28:02,067 --> 00:28:04,667
but the guys getting a
kidney, you know what I mean?
484
00:28:04,667 --> 00:28:05,867
And he knows the circumstance.
485
00:28:05,867 --> 00:28:07,100
- Yeah, and that's
fine and they're all,
486
00:28:07,100 --> 00:28:09,100
you know, everybody's
happy, but what happens
487
00:28:09,100 --> 00:28:11,200
when that 20 grand
doesn't work out?
488
00:28:11,200 --> 00:28:13,467
What's he gonna do, try and
sell another part of his body?
489
00:28:13,467 --> 00:28:14,967
- Well, hopefully not.
490
00:28:14,967 --> 00:28:18,433
- If our system is failing us,
this is the outcome, right?
491
00:28:18,433 --> 00:28:20,133
This is the by-product.
492
00:28:20,133 --> 00:28:21,700
- Well, when
something isn't freely
493
00:28:21,700 --> 00:28:24,533
available, a black
market exists.
494
00:28:24,533 --> 00:28:27,933
(dramatic strings music)
495
00:28:29,700 --> 00:28:32,067
(car honks)
496
00:28:33,467 --> 00:28:35,900
- [Narrator] In Kosovo,
the infamous Medicus clinic
497
00:28:35,900 --> 00:28:39,533
is deserted now, its
doctors, donors, patients,
498
00:28:39,533 --> 00:28:43,067
and brokers scattered
around the world.
499
00:28:43,067 --> 00:28:45,967
Getting witnesses back
to Kosovo to testify
500
00:28:45,967 --> 00:28:48,767
is proving a challenge
for Jonathan Ratel.
501
00:28:48,767 --> 00:28:50,233
- There's a lot of
moving parts right now.
502
00:28:50,233 --> 00:28:54,667
There's a lot of different
agencies and people involved.
503
00:28:54,667 --> 00:28:56,967
It's my opinion that the
organized criminal group
504
00:28:56,967 --> 00:28:59,500
chose Kosovo for a
particular reason.
505
00:28:59,500 --> 00:29:01,567
Its claim of sovereignty
is recognized
506
00:29:01,567 --> 00:29:03,900
by some states and not others.
507
00:29:03,900 --> 00:29:07,100
We can be seeking evidence in
a foreign country that will
508
00:29:07,100 --> 00:29:10,667
not respond to us because
they do not recognize Kosovo.
509
00:29:10,667 --> 00:29:13,200
That is a massive difficulty.
510
00:29:13,200 --> 00:29:15,833
- [Narrator] So far, Ratel
has seven local doctors
511
00:29:15,833 --> 00:29:18,333
and clinicians
secured for the trial,
512
00:29:18,333 --> 00:29:22,600
but Turkey refuses to
extradite Dr. Yusuf Sonmez.
513
00:29:22,600 --> 00:29:25,333
And there's another
key player Ratel wants,
514
00:29:25,333 --> 00:29:29,233
the middleman who made the
Medicus machine run smoothly.
515
00:29:29,233 --> 00:29:31,333
After all, someone
had to organize
516
00:29:31,333 --> 00:29:33,600
blood tests and tissue matching.
517
00:29:33,600 --> 00:29:36,767
Someone had to book flights
and take care of logistics.
518
00:29:36,767 --> 00:29:38,333
And hundreds of
thousands of dollars
519
00:29:38,333 --> 00:29:41,067
had to cross oceans
and change hands.
520
00:29:41,067 --> 00:29:45,833
According to Ratel, Moshe
Harel was that someone.
521
00:29:45,833 --> 00:29:47,600
- [Jonathan] He is
the fixer, the person
522
00:29:47,600 --> 00:29:50,333
that arranges all of
this, the business end
523
00:29:50,333 --> 00:29:52,833
of the trafficking conspiracy.
524
00:29:54,700 --> 00:29:56,833
- He informed me
right from the outset,
525
00:29:56,833 --> 00:30:01,000
that as soon as they complete
the required medical tests,
526
00:30:02,300 --> 00:30:04,633
they have so many
donors that they can do
527
00:30:04,633 --> 00:30:07,533
the operation within
one week or two.
528
00:30:07,533 --> 00:30:10,300
And he, at a point, told me,
"Well, you know, we're ready.
529
00:30:10,300 --> 00:30:11,233
"We're waiting for you."
530
00:30:11,233 --> 00:30:12,667
And I said, "What is these guys?
531
00:30:12,667 --> 00:30:16,433
"I mean, you have a
football team of donors?"
532
00:30:16,433 --> 00:30:18,800
And he says, "Well,
pretty close to it."
533
00:30:18,800 --> 00:30:21,500
- [Narrator] Moshe Harel
was arrested in Pristina
534
00:30:21,500 --> 00:30:23,200
when the Medicus
clinic was raided
535
00:30:23,200 --> 00:30:26,133
by the Kosovo police
but was released on bail
536
00:30:26,133 --> 00:30:28,867
with a promise to
return for the trial.
537
00:30:28,867 --> 00:30:33,167
Since then, he has disappeared,
except on Facebook.
538
00:30:33,167 --> 00:30:36,933
And though he didn't respond
to messages, he did post that
539
00:30:36,933 --> 00:30:41,100
he is in an open relationship
and he likes Restauranteers.
540
00:30:43,367 --> 00:30:46,267
But for Raul Fain,
Moshe was the crucial
541
00:30:46,267 --> 00:30:49,700
link to a life-saving operation.
542
00:30:49,700 --> 00:30:52,833
Even in the black market,
in addition to a surgeon,
543
00:30:52,833 --> 00:30:55,833
every transplant
involves a nephrologist,
544
00:30:55,833 --> 00:30:58,167
a kidney doctor who
ensures that the recipient
545
00:30:58,167 --> 00:31:00,400
is suitable for a
transplant and that he's
546
00:31:00,400 --> 00:31:02,867
matched with an
appropriate donor.
547
00:31:02,867 --> 00:31:04,300
- Moshe informed
me that there is
548
00:31:04,300 --> 00:31:07,333
this doctor by the
name of Zaki Shapira
549
00:31:07,333 --> 00:31:11,933
that is a quite a well-known
nephrologist in Israel.
550
00:31:11,933 --> 00:31:14,767
And he kind of jokingly
says, "Go on the internet.
551
00:31:14,767 --> 00:31:15,600
"You'll find him.
552
00:31:15,600 --> 00:31:17,133
"He's already famous."
553
00:31:17,133 --> 00:31:20,600
And he didn't really specify
to me what is he famous for.
554
00:31:28,600 --> 00:31:30,633
Dr. Zaki Shapira had
a very important role
555
00:31:30,633 --> 00:31:32,867
of doing the matching and
checking all the blood tests
556
00:31:32,867 --> 00:31:34,567
and making sure that, you know,
557
00:31:34,567 --> 00:31:37,067
which is quite probably
equal responsibility
558
00:31:37,067 --> 00:31:40,267
to the doctor that
is doing the surgery.
559
00:31:40,267 --> 00:31:43,067
- [Narrator] Jonathan Ratel
has named Zaki Shapira
560
00:31:43,067 --> 00:31:47,767
an unindicted co-conspirator
in the Medicus case.
561
00:31:47,767 --> 00:31:50,600
- [Director] Do you have a
sense of what this person did?
562
00:31:50,600 --> 00:31:52,167
- Absolutely.
563
00:31:52,167 --> 00:31:54,100
- [Director] What?
564
00:31:54,100 --> 00:31:56,533
- Well as an unindicted
co-conspirator, they're part
565
00:31:56,533 --> 00:31:59,067
of the organized criminal
group involved in this.
566
00:31:59,067 --> 00:32:01,733
And they are at
the level or near
567
00:32:01,733 --> 00:32:04,800
the level of Sonmez and Harel.
568
00:32:04,800 --> 00:32:07,900
If that individual is beyond
the reach of the prosecutor,
569
00:32:07,900 --> 00:32:09,800
the person cannot be indicted.
570
00:32:09,800 --> 00:32:11,600
- [Director] You're powerless.
571
00:32:11,600 --> 00:32:15,267
- The prosecutor
can't reach them.
572
00:32:15,267 --> 00:32:17,933
- Dr. Shapira was like a father.
573
00:32:22,067 --> 00:32:25,500
He, at all time, tried
to calm both of us.
574
00:32:26,933 --> 00:32:29,567
- You feel very assured
when somebody makes a trip
575
00:32:29,567 --> 00:32:31,533
and takes the time
to come and see you
576
00:32:31,533 --> 00:32:34,933
and to come to reassure you
that the surgery went out okay
577
00:32:34,933 --> 00:32:38,567
and there are no, everything
seems to be in place.
578
00:32:38,567 --> 00:32:41,367
- [Narrator] Controversy has
shadowed Professor Zaki Shapira
579
00:32:41,367 --> 00:32:45,533
for decades and he has declined
all interviews in the past.
580
00:32:48,633 --> 00:32:50,767
But now, he agrees
to go on camera
581
00:32:50,767 --> 00:32:54,767
for the first time and
break his public silence.
582
00:33:17,500 --> 00:33:18,867
- [Narrator] Dr. Shapira is one
583
00:33:18,867 --> 00:33:22,533
of Israel's most distinguished
transplant surgeons.
584
00:33:22,533 --> 00:33:24,867
In the early days,
with ambiguous laws
585
00:33:24,867 --> 00:33:27,200
and a dire shortage of kidneys,
586
00:33:27,200 --> 00:33:31,367
few questions were asked about
the source of his donors.
587
00:33:56,867 --> 00:33:58,233
- [Narrator] When an
ethics review board
588
00:33:58,233 --> 00:34:00,333
began to question his methods,
589
00:34:00,333 --> 00:34:01,967
Shapira moved some
of his business
590
00:34:01,967 --> 00:34:04,533
into Eastern Europe
and to nearby Turkey,
591
00:34:04,533 --> 00:34:06,733
where he found high
clinical standards,
592
00:34:06,733 --> 00:34:09,533
a large supply of
willing kidney sellers,
593
00:34:09,533 --> 00:34:13,100
and a brilliant surgeon
named Yusuf Sonmez.
594
00:34:14,833 --> 00:34:18,467
In 2007, the two physicians
were arrested in Istanbul
595
00:34:18,467 --> 00:34:20,300
during one of their operations
596
00:34:20,300 --> 00:34:22,800
and spent three months
together in a Turkish prison
597
00:34:22,800 --> 00:34:26,300
before the charges
against them were dropped.
598
00:34:26,300 --> 00:34:27,267
- [Director] How many operations
599
00:34:27,267 --> 00:34:29,367
do you think you've done?
600
00:34:47,067 --> 00:34:48,800
- [Director] So 850
times you traveled
601
00:34:48,800 --> 00:34:51,467
to foreign locations to operate?
602
00:35:00,700 --> 00:35:02,133
- [Narrator] Operating
in clandestine
603
00:35:02,133 --> 00:35:05,367
locations posed some
unique challenges.
604
00:35:43,833 --> 00:35:48,067
- [Director] And nothing
happened, they were all fine?
605
00:35:53,067 --> 00:35:54,233
- [Director] Doesn't
it bother you
606
00:35:54,233 --> 00:35:57,333
that your reputation
may have suffered?
607
00:36:26,733 --> 00:36:29,767
- The truth is that that
organ came from someone,
608
00:36:29,767 --> 00:36:31,633
and that person was exploited.
609
00:36:31,633 --> 00:36:33,267
They were extremely vulnerable,
610
00:36:33,267 --> 00:36:37,433
and the harvesting of their
organ is an outrageous act.
611
00:37:12,567 --> 00:37:15,967
(dramatic strings music)
612
00:37:22,133 --> 00:37:23,833
- [Narrator] Five
hours from Manila
613
00:37:23,833 --> 00:37:25,500
is a province where
the kidney trade
614
00:37:25,500 --> 00:37:28,867
has cut a swath through
the male population.
615
00:37:28,867 --> 00:37:30,667
(machine clicking)
616
00:37:30,667 --> 00:37:33,300
So many in this region
have sold their kidney,
617
00:37:33,300 --> 00:37:36,533
they have formed a
small support group.
618
00:39:14,567 --> 00:39:18,733
(dramatic piano
and strings music)
619
00:39:29,300 --> 00:39:31,067
- [Narrator] Even in
this destitute corner
620
00:39:31,067 --> 00:39:34,133
of the Philippines, no one
claims to have been drugged,
621
00:39:34,133 --> 00:39:37,633
duped, or dragged into
the operating room.
622
00:39:39,733 --> 00:39:43,300
They are, however, victims of
a system that is unregulated
623
00:39:43,300 --> 00:39:47,067
and rife with the
potential for exploitation.
624
00:41:23,300 --> 00:41:26,567
(dramatic synth music)
625
00:41:28,267 --> 00:41:29,300
- [Narrator] The
thrill of a quick
626
00:41:29,300 --> 00:41:31,067
payoff extends across villages
627
00:41:31,067 --> 00:41:35,067
and through families,
like these three brothers.
628
00:41:36,433 --> 00:41:40,067
Noli used his windfall to
buy a motorized skateboard,
629
00:41:40,067 --> 00:41:43,167
the only form of
transportation in his village.
630
00:41:43,167 --> 00:41:46,167
The fares he charges,
mere pennies a ride,
631
00:41:46,167 --> 00:41:48,433
sustain his family of four.
632
00:41:51,067 --> 00:41:53,667
(oil sizzling)
633
00:42:44,733 --> 00:42:46,900
- [Narrator] For all the
men the lure is simple,
634
00:42:46,900 --> 00:42:48,367
more cash than they could earn
635
00:42:48,367 --> 00:42:51,200
in a year or two
of village labor.
636
00:42:53,067 --> 00:42:55,933
But Hector is one man for
whom it all went wrong.
637
00:42:55,933 --> 00:42:57,367
(rooster crows)
638
00:42:57,367 --> 00:43:01,100
He's been suffering
crippling pains for months.
639
00:43:30,733 --> 00:43:33,967
(rooster crows)
640
00:43:33,967 --> 00:43:35,433
- [Narrator] Hector
spent the proceeds
641
00:43:35,433 --> 00:43:38,367
of his surgery long ago,
so the production team pays
642
00:43:38,367 --> 00:43:42,533
for an ultrasound to find the
source of his chronic pain.
643
00:43:46,367 --> 00:43:49,233
- Based on the
ultrasound findings,
644
00:43:49,233 --> 00:43:52,800
the left kidney has
a mild renal disease.
645
00:43:52,800 --> 00:43:57,500
And this is a sign of a
deteriorating left kidney.
646
00:43:57,500 --> 00:44:00,467
There is really a problem.
647
00:44:00,467 --> 00:44:03,433
He will be a candidate
for dialysis,
648
00:44:03,433 --> 00:44:07,067
and he himself will be
looking for a donor.
649
00:44:08,233 --> 00:44:09,167
- [Narrator] Hector should never
650
00:44:09,167 --> 00:44:11,400
have been accepted as a donor.
651
00:44:11,400 --> 00:44:13,600
He likely had kidney
disease long before
652
00:44:13,600 --> 00:44:16,267
he sold his organ
on the black market.
653
00:44:16,267 --> 00:44:19,800
His remaining kidney
is failing quickly.
654
00:44:19,800 --> 00:44:22,667
Probably, tragically,
so is the one
655
00:44:22,667 --> 00:44:25,667
that he donated to
a dying stranger.
656
00:44:27,500 --> 00:44:30,333
No one knows how many other
horror stories could be told
657
00:44:30,333 --> 00:44:34,567
in China, in India, all
across the developing world.
658
00:44:34,567 --> 00:44:37,600
Yet for all its dangers,
the lure of using the body
659
00:44:37,600 --> 00:44:40,500
as a bankbook
remains irresistible.
660
00:44:41,600 --> 00:44:44,667
(family socializing)
661
00:44:46,667 --> 00:44:48,867
It's now been
almost eight years,
662
00:44:48,867 --> 00:44:53,367
and Mary Jo still hasn't made
it to the top of the list.
663
00:44:53,367 --> 00:44:55,367
- I don't how she
does it some days.
664
00:44:55,367 --> 00:44:56,800
Putting those needles in her arm
665
00:44:56,800 --> 00:44:58,367
for eight hours every other day
666
00:44:58,367 --> 00:45:01,600
and then working and
taking care of her family.
667
00:45:01,600 --> 00:45:04,233
You know, and it's been going
on for almost eight years.
668
00:45:04,233 --> 00:45:06,500
It's inconceivable,
and it's wearing on us.
669
00:45:06,500 --> 00:45:08,500
It's wearing on her, especially.
670
00:45:08,500 --> 00:45:13,067
You know, she's growing,
she's getting tired.
671
00:45:13,067 --> 00:45:14,433
I feel terrible about it.
672
00:45:14,433 --> 00:45:15,667
I'm inspired by her.
673
00:45:15,667 --> 00:45:17,533
Like, I used to be
irritated 'cause
674
00:45:17,533 --> 00:45:19,867
I was maybe a bit more
immature and selfish,
675
00:45:19,867 --> 00:45:23,100
but now it's, you know,
we've got a kid together,
676
00:45:23,100 --> 00:45:24,933
and we've got a life
that we've built,
677
00:45:24,933 --> 00:45:27,067
and you've got to suck it up.
678
00:45:27,067 --> 00:45:31,167
(dramatic strings
and piano music)
679
00:45:33,333 --> 00:45:37,067
- I was told I was somewhere
like halfway up the list,
680
00:45:37,067 --> 00:45:40,567
which surprised me a little
bit because, when I started,
681
00:45:40,567 --> 00:45:42,867
they told me seven
or eight years.
682
00:45:42,867 --> 00:45:47,067
Now, they're telling me possibly
10 years, so I don't know.
683
00:45:55,667 --> 00:45:57,133
- When you were here last time,
684
00:45:57,133 --> 00:45:59,333
we were thinking very strongly
about trying to figure out
685
00:45:59,333 --> 00:46:02,200
how I could go overseas
to get a kidney
686
00:46:02,200 --> 00:46:05,833
because we knew that I
didn't have very long
687
00:46:05,833 --> 00:46:09,167
and nothing seemed
to be happening here.
688
00:46:11,067 --> 00:46:14,100
But I said, at the
time, that I wasn't
689
00:46:14,100 --> 00:46:17,100
going to give up
on alternate paths.
690
00:46:20,200 --> 00:46:23,900
I do not believe that
very many people recognize
691
00:46:23,900 --> 00:46:27,633
that they can do an altruistic
donation to some person.
692
00:46:27,633 --> 00:46:29,800
There are a couple
websites, in particular,
693
00:46:29,800 --> 00:46:33,967
matchingdonors.com, that have
altruistic donors on them.
694
00:46:35,433 --> 00:46:38,733
Matching donors has caused
more than 300 transplants
695
00:46:38,733 --> 00:46:40,633
in the last six years,
and it's always possible
696
00:46:40,633 --> 00:46:43,067
that I might wind
up being one of them
697
00:46:43,067 --> 00:46:45,167
if I find the right
person at the right time.
698
00:46:45,167 --> 00:46:47,067
- How many people are
there in the world
699
00:46:47,067 --> 00:46:50,700
that voluntarily want
to give up a kidney
700
00:46:50,700 --> 00:46:53,867
because somebody needs kidneys?
701
00:46:53,867 --> 00:46:56,533
I think the number
is pretty small.
702
00:46:56,533 --> 00:47:00,300
It doesn't seem like
it's in the cards.
703
00:47:00,300 --> 00:47:04,433
- Unfortunately, a large number
of those potential donors
704
00:47:04,433 --> 00:47:08,233
are looking to donate
to somebody young,
705
00:47:08,233 --> 00:47:10,767
with young children,
whose life they could save
706
00:47:10,767 --> 00:47:14,933
and they can be a hero, but I'm
not going to badger anybody.
707
00:47:14,933 --> 00:47:17,367
I will send one email
to somebody and say,
708
00:47:17,367 --> 00:47:18,767
"Would you consider
me as a recipient?"
709
00:47:18,767 --> 00:47:22,267
and explain who I am
and what I am and so on.
710
00:47:22,267 --> 00:47:26,433
And I don't know why more
people do not respond to me.
711
00:47:27,900 --> 00:47:32,067
Part of the problem may be
that I come on too strong.
712
00:47:32,933 --> 00:47:34,400
I don't know.
713
00:47:34,400 --> 00:47:37,800
It's a hit or miss proposition,
but anything's worth a try,
714
00:47:37,800 --> 00:47:41,367
and all avenues
are worth pursuing.
715
00:47:41,367 --> 00:47:44,200
(gulls squawking)
716
00:47:48,133 --> 00:47:50,767
- [Narrator] In Turkey, the
infamous Dr. Sonmez is still
717
00:47:50,767 --> 00:47:55,733
at large, but surprisingly,
he does respond to his email,
718
00:47:55,733 --> 00:47:59,900
with a dinner invitation in
Istanbul, no cameras, no crew.
719
00:48:01,367 --> 00:48:04,267
The director travels to
Turkey to meet the surgeon.
720
00:48:04,267 --> 00:48:06,333
She assumed the meeting
would be clandestine
721
00:48:06,333 --> 00:48:08,267
but is surprised to find
that dinner includes
722
00:48:08,267 --> 00:48:11,767
his parents, his wife,
and young daughter.
723
00:48:12,900 --> 00:48:14,333
The next day, he
phones the director
724
00:48:14,333 --> 00:48:16,767
and agrees to an interview.
725
00:48:16,767 --> 00:48:18,067
Why?
726
00:48:18,067 --> 00:48:20,367
Because his mother trusts her.
727
00:48:20,367 --> 00:48:23,967
- I think that he has
become a scapegoat.
728
00:48:23,967 --> 00:48:27,067
There's nobody he
killed, nobody.
729
00:48:27,067 --> 00:48:28,967
You see, he's a
very good surgeon.
730
00:48:28,967 --> 00:48:30,800
Everybody accepts it.
731
00:48:30,800 --> 00:48:33,867
- He might look
scary from outside,
732
00:48:33,867 --> 00:48:36,100
but he's quite soft inside.
733
00:48:37,233 --> 00:48:38,700
- [Director] I think
Yusuf is coming.
734
00:48:38,700 --> 00:48:40,133
- Yusuf is coming.
735
00:48:40,133 --> 00:48:42,667
Ah, yeah, yeah, yeah.
736
00:48:42,667 --> 00:48:46,567
(speaking in foreign language)
737
00:49:25,967 --> 00:49:29,733
- Dr. Yusuf Somnez, he's a
very interesting individual
738
00:49:29,733 --> 00:49:31,967
in the sense that he's
highly intelligent,
739
00:49:31,967 --> 00:49:35,133
sophisticated,
and quite worldly.
740
00:49:35,133 --> 00:49:37,267
But I think it's
quite clear that he is
741
00:49:37,267 --> 00:49:40,233
a significant
international component
742
00:49:40,233 --> 00:49:43,400
to organ trafficking
around the world.
743
00:50:10,467 --> 00:50:12,300
- [Narrator] Yusuf
Sonmez has outflanked
744
00:50:12,300 --> 00:50:15,333
the Turkish justice
system six times,
745
00:50:15,333 --> 00:50:17,233
but if he ever
leaves his homeland,
746
00:50:17,233 --> 00:50:20,067
Jonathan Ratel will be waiting.
747
00:50:20,067 --> 00:50:23,433
The Interpol Red Notice, an
international arrest warrant,
748
00:50:23,433 --> 00:50:26,333
has trapped Dr.
Sonmez in Turkey.
749
00:50:26,333 --> 00:50:30,500
The moment he leaves
the country, he risks
getting arrested.
750
00:50:32,867 --> 00:50:35,500
- [Director] I would gather
it's a little bit annoying?
751
00:50:35,500 --> 00:50:36,333
- No.
752
00:50:36,333 --> 00:50:37,233
- It's not annoying?
753
00:50:37,233 --> 00:50:38,767
- No, why?
754
00:50:38,767 --> 00:50:41,367
- Look, crimes against life
and health, people smuggling,
755
00:50:41,367 --> 00:50:43,267
trafficking, and
illegal immigration.
756
00:50:43,267 --> 00:50:45,200
- [Narrator] Dr. Sonmez
seems less disturbed
757
00:50:45,200 --> 00:50:48,200
about his fate than
about his photo.
758
00:51:03,400 --> 00:51:08,067
- I just told him, "Please,
Yusuf, we are in trouble.
759
00:51:08,067 --> 00:51:11,067
"You see, we are very,
very sad about you.
760
00:51:11,067 --> 00:51:14,200
"Please leave becoming a surgeon
761
00:51:14,200 --> 00:51:16,700
"and working as a
surgeon, you see."
762
00:51:16,700 --> 00:51:19,167
(chuckles) What he
told me, do you know?
763
00:51:19,167 --> 00:51:21,267
"Are you going to
say, to tell me,
764
00:51:21,267 --> 00:51:26,100
"Mother, that I'm going
to be a grocer?" (laughs)
765
00:51:26,100 --> 00:51:29,167
"I cannot do it because
it's not my business.
766
00:51:29,167 --> 00:51:31,167
"I cannot do it.
767
00:51:31,167 --> 00:51:34,700
"Yes, and only I
can do one thing.
768
00:51:34,700 --> 00:51:36,067
"I am a doctor."
769
00:51:37,600 --> 00:51:39,500
- [Narrator] While Dr.
Sonmez blames the media
770
00:51:39,500 --> 00:51:42,733
for his notoriety, he
recognizes that he has been
771
00:51:42,733 --> 00:51:45,100
operating at the
margins of the law.
772
00:51:45,100 --> 00:51:49,400
- [Director] Why did you go
to Azerbaijan, to Kosovo?
773
00:51:49,400 --> 00:51:51,733
You are begging for trouble.
774
00:52:14,267 --> 00:52:17,100
- Dr. Sonmez cannot
understand why
775
00:52:18,300 --> 00:52:20,067
there is any legal
question about it,
776
00:52:20,067 --> 00:52:24,067
and the morality of what
he is doing escapes him.
777
00:52:24,067 --> 00:52:27,533
I think that he believes that
he is providing a service
778
00:52:27,533 --> 00:52:30,467
to extremely
desperate individuals.
779
00:52:44,167 --> 00:52:48,333
- [Director] If a donor comes
from Moldova or Ukraine--
780
00:52:53,067 --> 00:52:54,300
- [Director] And
you have no idea
781
00:52:54,300 --> 00:52:57,067
that the donors
were getting paid?
782
00:53:14,700 --> 00:53:17,700
- This Kosovo case,
because it touched
783
00:53:17,700 --> 00:53:20,467
really all of
parts of the world,
784
00:53:22,133 --> 00:53:25,267
it affected not just
me but my family.
785
00:53:25,267 --> 00:53:28,667
After this case dropped
in the newspapers,
786
00:53:28,667 --> 00:53:31,600
my uncle and my aunt, they
called, and they asked,
787
00:53:31,600 --> 00:53:34,467
"You know that you are
living with a criminal?"
788
00:53:34,467 --> 00:53:37,233
Because people do believe
what's written in the media.
789
00:53:37,233 --> 00:53:40,900
If, for example, in Yusuf's
case, if the media said that
790
00:53:40,900 --> 00:53:45,067
he is the boss of the Mafia,
people do believe that one.
791
00:53:46,400 --> 00:53:48,533
- It is a case as gruesome
as it is shocking.
792
00:53:48,533 --> 00:53:51,533
A surgeon and six other
suspects in Kosovo are accused
793
00:53:51,533 --> 00:53:54,333
of running an international
organ trafficking ring.
794
00:53:54,333 --> 00:53:56,067
- [Reporter] Kosovo
has become a haven
795
00:53:56,067 --> 00:53:57,967
in the illicit trade
of human organs.
796
00:53:57,967 --> 00:54:00,200
- At least seven suspects
in Kosovo have been charged
797
00:54:00,200 --> 00:54:02,600
with persuading people
to sell their organs.
798
00:54:02,600 --> 00:54:03,833
- The victims were
lured from other
799
00:54:03,833 --> 00:54:05,967
countries and had
their kidneys stolen.
800
00:54:05,967 --> 00:54:07,533
- [Reporter] The gang
allegedly preyed on those
801
00:54:07,533 --> 00:54:09,533
living in extreme poverty.
- The gang.
802
00:54:09,533 --> 00:54:12,600
- [Reporter] The indictment
says an Ontario man, Raul Fain,
803
00:54:12,600 --> 00:54:14,900
received a kidney
from a Russian woman.
804
00:54:14,900 --> 00:54:17,200
- The fact that my
name was mentioned
805
00:54:17,200 --> 00:54:19,600
kind of makes me very uneasy,
806
00:54:19,600 --> 00:54:22,100
as if I knowingly participated
807
00:54:23,467 --> 00:54:25,433
in this particular scheme,
808
00:54:25,433 --> 00:54:27,300
which really fairly honestly,
809
00:54:27,300 --> 00:54:29,633
if I wouldn't have
been part of it
810
00:54:29,633 --> 00:54:31,867
and I would just be
a regular TV watcher,
811
00:54:31,867 --> 00:54:34,300
I would be very offended
myself of how people
812
00:54:34,300 --> 00:54:38,067
take advantage of other people
and mislead them and so on.
813
00:54:38,067 --> 00:54:40,367
But how do you counter that?
814
00:54:42,700 --> 00:54:44,500
You have to go and
say "No, I know
815
00:54:44,500 --> 00:54:47,833
"that the facts are different."
816
00:54:47,833 --> 00:54:51,133
- The medical ethics
of this are clear
817
00:54:51,133 --> 00:54:53,400
to anybody involved
in the profession,
818
00:54:53,400 --> 00:54:56,467
and you have to step over
that line quite clearly,
819
00:54:56,467 --> 00:54:58,300
and the only reason that
someone would do that,
820
00:54:58,300 --> 00:55:02,400
in my opinion, is absolute
pure and simple greed.
821
00:55:02,400 --> 00:55:04,400
That's what motivates this, is
822
00:55:04,400 --> 00:55:06,900
the motive for obscene profits.
823
00:55:06,900 --> 00:55:09,267
- There were doctors
involved and nephrologists
824
00:55:09,267 --> 00:55:11,967
and surgeon and all this people,
825
00:55:11,967 --> 00:55:14,333
and I think they did it
more than just pure money.
826
00:55:14,333 --> 00:55:15,867
I mean, everybody
works for money.
827
00:55:15,867 --> 00:55:17,400
You don't work for nothing.
828
00:55:17,400 --> 00:55:19,100
But I don't think that was their
829
00:55:19,100 --> 00:55:21,600
primary motive for doing this.
830
00:56:02,433 --> 00:56:03,600
(dramatic synth music)
831
00:56:03,600 --> 00:56:05,067
- [Narrator] The
economics of the organ
832
00:56:05,067 --> 00:56:07,433
trade are a
challenge to unravel.
833
00:56:07,433 --> 00:56:09,300
The compensation
that donors receive
834
00:56:09,300 --> 00:56:12,400
for selling their
kidney varies widely.
835
00:56:12,400 --> 00:56:15,367
The poorer the country,
the lower the price.
836
00:56:15,367 --> 00:56:18,933
In India, the payoff
can be as low as $1,000.
837
00:56:18,933 --> 00:56:20,967
In Egypt, it's $2,000.
838
00:56:20,967 --> 00:56:23,633
In Turkey, up to $10,000.
839
00:56:23,633 --> 00:56:27,167
The cost of the operation
might be ten times higher,
840
00:56:27,167 --> 00:56:29,700
but many people get a
piece of the action.
841
00:56:29,700 --> 00:56:31,200
- What does everybody get?
842
00:56:31,200 --> 00:56:32,767
I really have no idea.
843
00:56:32,767 --> 00:56:35,333
All I can tell you is there
are many hands in the pie
844
00:56:35,333 --> 00:56:37,567
because there are so
many people involved,
845
00:56:37,567 --> 00:56:39,233
and each one has
an important role.
846
00:56:39,233 --> 00:56:40,400
I mean, just look at the people
847
00:56:40,400 --> 00:56:42,300
that I came in
contact with, right?
848
00:56:42,300 --> 00:56:43,133
I have a Moshe.
849
00:56:43,133 --> 00:56:44,567
I have a surgeon.
850
00:56:44,567 --> 00:56:46,533
We are here in a
fully-staffed clinic
851
00:56:46,533 --> 00:56:48,967
with two male nurses
at all time for us.
852
00:56:48,967 --> 00:56:51,067
So, you know, it adds up.
853
00:56:55,700 --> 00:56:56,933
- [Narrator] Back in Manila,
854
00:56:56,933 --> 00:57:00,300
Eddieboy's operation
is finally scheduled.
855
00:57:26,500 --> 00:57:29,267
(engine purring)
856
00:57:32,067 --> 00:57:33,467
- [Narrator] The next day,
857
00:57:33,467 --> 00:57:35,500
Diane accompanies
Eddieboy to the hospital.
858
00:57:35,500 --> 00:57:38,733
(suspenseful strings
and piano music)
859
00:57:38,733 --> 00:57:41,300
A few hours after
Eddieboy is admitted,
860
00:57:41,300 --> 00:57:44,100
a member of the production team,
rigged with a hidden camera
861
00:57:44,100 --> 00:57:48,067
and posing as a relative,
will meet him in his room.
862
00:57:48,067 --> 00:57:50,433
The goal is to
identify the recipient
863
00:57:50,433 --> 00:57:53,500
and see how much
money changes hands.
864
00:57:57,267 --> 00:58:00,400
(people socializing)
865
00:58:03,867 --> 00:58:06,067
But several hours after
leaving Eddieboy off
866
00:58:06,067 --> 00:58:10,067
at the hospital, Diane
calls and asks to meet.
867
00:58:10,067 --> 00:58:12,900
Surprisingly, she's
with Eddieboy.
868
00:58:30,967 --> 00:58:33,067
- [Narrator] It's
an unlikely story.
869
00:58:33,067 --> 00:58:36,233
Transplants are rarely
canceled at the last minute.
870
00:58:36,233 --> 00:58:39,133
With a little investigation,
we learn the truth.
871
00:58:39,133 --> 00:58:42,200
Uncomfortable with the cameras
and the focus on Eddieboy,
872
00:58:42,200 --> 00:58:44,100
Diane replaced him
at the last minute
873
00:58:44,100 --> 00:58:46,333
with another one of her clients,
874
00:58:46,333 --> 00:58:49,833
a man who has just returned
home with fresh bandages
875
00:58:49,833 --> 00:58:53,333
and what should have
been Eddieboy's cash.
876
00:59:02,733 --> 00:59:06,900
No country is immune to
the trade in human organs.
877
00:59:09,933 --> 00:59:13,300
- [Jason] My family
thought I was nuts.
878
00:59:13,300 --> 00:59:16,133
At first, it was like,
"You shouldn't do this.
879
00:59:16,133 --> 00:59:17,367
"Why are you doing this?
880
00:59:17,367 --> 00:59:19,733
"Why are you even
thinking about it?"
881
00:59:19,733 --> 00:59:21,600
- [Narrator] In a
suburb of Philadelphia,
882
00:59:21,600 --> 00:59:25,767
Jason Chamberlain sold his
kidney on the internet.
883
00:59:27,533 --> 00:59:28,867
- [Dianne] What are you doing?
884
00:59:28,867 --> 00:59:29,833
- What are you doin', hun?
885
00:59:29,833 --> 00:59:31,600
- Gotta go on Craigslist.
886
00:59:31,600 --> 00:59:33,833
- You're gonna go on
Craigslist, for what?
887
00:59:33,833 --> 00:59:35,733
- I'm going to go on the
free section and see if I can
888
00:59:35,733 --> 00:59:39,733
find stuff to clean up
and resell on Craigslist.
889
00:59:39,733 --> 00:59:41,400
- I love you son.
890
00:59:41,400 --> 00:59:42,867
God bless you.
891
00:59:42,867 --> 00:59:47,100
- I'm basically doing
whatever I can to survive.
892
00:59:47,100 --> 00:59:50,233
In the course of doing
like Google searches,
893
00:59:50,233 --> 00:59:51,867
I came across a gentleman that
894
00:59:51,867 --> 00:59:55,233
posted an ad, "In
need of a kidney."
895
00:59:55,233 --> 00:59:58,267
I thought it was just
somebody playing a game,
896
00:59:58,267 --> 01:00:02,333
so I actually replied to
it, and I got a reply back.
897
01:00:02,333 --> 01:00:03,867
"No, I'm dead serious.
898
01:00:03,867 --> 01:00:06,033
"I'm in desperate need."
899
01:00:06,033 --> 01:00:09,467
I asked him what kind of
compensation I would receive.
900
01:00:09,467 --> 01:00:11,467
He offered me $20,000.
901
01:00:11,467 --> 01:00:15,033
So after thinking about,
you know, that number,
902
01:00:15,033 --> 01:00:18,767
I came to the decision
that, that would seem fair.
903
01:00:18,767 --> 01:00:21,400
- I was like, "Are you crazy?"
904
01:00:21,400 --> 01:00:25,233
I'm like, you know, it's
a lot involved in it.
905
01:00:26,433 --> 01:00:28,400
- I was trying to start
a business so I figured,
906
01:00:28,400 --> 01:00:29,667
"Wait a minute.
907
01:00:29,667 --> 01:00:31,667
"Okay, maybe I can get
something out of this,
908
01:00:31,667 --> 01:00:33,433
"and he can get what he needs."
909
01:00:33,433 --> 01:00:37,367
So, it's a one hand washes
the other situation.
910
01:00:38,800 --> 01:00:41,200
There was, you know, plenty
of trips back and forth
911
01:00:41,200 --> 01:00:45,367
to the hospital, pre-testing,
lots of pre-testing.
912
01:00:46,800 --> 01:00:49,767
His antibodies and his blood
was rejecting just about
913
01:00:49,767 --> 01:00:53,833
everybody that was being
tested, so it was a long shot.
914
01:00:53,833 --> 01:00:55,667
It was down to the
point where I was
915
01:00:55,667 --> 01:00:59,100
the only match out
of over 70 people.
916
01:00:59,100 --> 01:01:00,133
- [Narrator] Just like Diane's
917
01:01:00,133 --> 01:01:02,100
impoverished clients in Manila,
918
01:01:02,100 --> 01:01:03,767
Jason was able to bluff his way
919
01:01:03,767 --> 01:01:06,300
through a pre-surgery interview.
920
01:01:06,300 --> 01:01:09,533
- We never mentioned that
it was a Craigslist ad,
921
01:01:09,533 --> 01:01:12,067
but I know they had
their suspicions.
922
01:01:12,067 --> 01:01:14,067
They were just
trying to trip me up,
923
01:01:14,067 --> 01:01:17,233
to make sure that I was doing
this on my own free will
924
01:01:17,233 --> 01:01:21,400
and I wasn't being, you know,
I wasn't selling the kidney.
925
01:01:22,700 --> 01:01:25,300
I don't feel exploited,
and I don't feel
926
01:01:25,300 --> 01:01:27,800
that I exploited the
recipient either.
927
01:01:27,800 --> 01:01:30,067
I feel that it
was just something
928
01:01:30,067 --> 01:01:32,533
we both agreed on, you know?
929
01:01:32,533 --> 01:01:36,833
I needed to live, I needed
to survive, and so did he.
930
01:01:36,833 --> 01:01:40,400
So that's why, you know, I'm
sitting here a living donor,
931
01:01:40,400 --> 01:01:43,800
and he has a kidney
that's functional.
932
01:01:43,800 --> 01:01:46,067
(dramatic synth and piano music)
933
01:01:46,067 --> 01:01:48,667
(cars honking)
934
01:01:50,733 --> 01:01:52,933
- The ultimate good for society
is saving someone's life.
935
01:01:52,933 --> 01:01:54,767
The government
encourages me to walk
936
01:01:54,767 --> 01:01:56,700
into that hospital
right there and say,
937
01:01:56,700 --> 01:01:59,067
"I want to donate my
kidney altruistically."
938
01:01:59,067 --> 01:02:01,333
So the act itself is
considered a good act!
939
01:02:01,333 --> 01:02:04,200
So why not offer
people incentives to
do the right thing?
940
01:02:04,200 --> 01:02:05,700
What's wrong with that?
941
01:02:05,700 --> 01:02:08,167
If donating a kidney was
considered to be horrific,
942
01:02:08,167 --> 01:02:10,767
if cutting into my
body to save a stranger
943
01:02:10,767 --> 01:02:12,567
was considered to be
immoral or horrific,
944
01:02:12,567 --> 01:02:14,133
then I would understand
the government saying,
945
01:02:14,133 --> 01:02:15,433
"We're not going to allow that,
946
01:02:15,433 --> 01:02:17,500
"not for money, and
not altruistically."
947
01:02:17,500 --> 01:02:18,967
But they allow it
altruistically,
948
01:02:18,967 --> 01:02:21,400
so why not allow it for money?
949
01:02:21,400 --> 01:02:23,400
- [Narrator] Robby
Berman is an activist,
950
01:02:23,400 --> 01:02:25,367
advocating for a
government-regulated
951
01:02:25,367 --> 01:02:28,300
system to compensate
kidney donors.
952
01:02:28,300 --> 01:02:29,967
- So this is the script.
953
01:02:29,967 --> 01:02:31,333
Basically, you guys
are gonna be standing
954
01:02:31,333 --> 01:02:32,867
across the street,
and you're gonna be
955
01:02:32,867 --> 01:02:35,400
looking at this
building as if there's
956
01:02:35,400 --> 01:02:37,400
a fire in the building and
there's a 10-year-old boy
957
01:02:37,400 --> 01:02:40,067
on the roof that's
screaming for help.
958
01:02:40,067 --> 01:02:41,267
As soon as the
fire starts going,
959
01:02:41,267 --> 01:02:42,300
I want everyone to
start looking up.
960
01:02:42,300 --> 01:02:46,167
(flame crackles and hisses)
961
01:02:46,167 --> 01:02:47,967
- Help, help!
962
01:02:47,967 --> 01:02:49,467
- You know, it's clear
to me that if you want
963
01:02:49,467 --> 01:02:51,300
to get a message across,
YouTube is the way to go.
964
01:02:51,300 --> 01:02:53,300
So I want to make
a video that will,
965
01:02:53,300 --> 01:02:56,467
in a fun way, get
the message across.
966
01:02:56,467 --> 01:02:58,333
The kid represents
7,000 Americans
967
01:02:58,333 --> 01:02:59,733
that are dying every year.
968
01:02:59,733 --> 01:03:00,933
- That's my boy!
969
01:03:00,933 --> 01:03:01,900
That's my son!
970
01:03:01,900 --> 01:03:02,833
- You turn around and you say,
971
01:03:02,833 --> 01:03:04,067
"I will give a thousand dollars
972
01:03:04,067 --> 01:03:05,667
"to anyone who
will save my son."
973
01:03:05,667 --> 01:03:07,600
- For a thousand dollars,
I'll risk my life.
974
01:03:07,600 --> 01:03:10,067
- The guy in the
black leather jacket,
975
01:03:10,067 --> 01:03:13,067
he is the poor person
who is being exploited.
976
01:03:13,067 --> 01:03:15,267
Sorry, I can't let you do it.
977
01:03:15,267 --> 01:03:16,467
- Who are you?
978
01:03:16,467 --> 01:03:18,933
- My name is Peter
Paternalistic.
979
01:03:18,933 --> 01:03:22,367
Peter Paternalistic, my alter
ego, is the establishment.
980
01:03:22,367 --> 01:03:23,567
It's the government.
981
01:03:23,567 --> 01:03:25,233
It's the people who
think they know better.
982
01:03:25,233 --> 01:03:26,767
- Why won't you let
me save the boy?
983
01:03:26,767 --> 01:03:28,333
- Because your
motives are impure.
984
01:03:28,333 --> 01:03:29,967
You're doing it for
the thousand dollars.
985
01:03:29,967 --> 01:03:30,967
- Well, I was doing it for the
986
01:03:30,967 --> 01:03:32,567
money but also to save his life.
987
01:03:32,567 --> 01:03:34,467
- Yes, but to save a
life, maybe next week
988
01:03:34,467 --> 01:03:37,467
you would take a thousand
dollars to sell your kidney.
989
01:03:37,467 --> 01:03:38,767
- My God!
990
01:03:38,767 --> 01:03:41,200
- [Robby] (laughs)
Okay, that was funny.
991
01:03:41,200 --> 01:03:42,067
That's good.
992
01:03:42,067 --> 01:03:43,467
Let's do that again.
993
01:03:43,467 --> 01:03:46,867
(dramatic strings music)
994
01:03:52,100 --> 01:03:53,767
- [Narrator] The crux
of the Medicus case
995
01:03:53,767 --> 01:03:56,333
lies with the exploitation
of the victims
996
01:03:56,333 --> 01:04:00,367
who were compelled by
desperation to sell a body part.
997
01:04:00,367 --> 01:04:01,967
- There is a propaganda machine
998
01:04:01,967 --> 01:04:05,733
as far as looking at it
from only one viewpoint,
999
01:04:05,733 --> 01:04:10,067
that organs are stolen
against people's wishes.
1000
01:04:10,067 --> 01:04:12,167
But I can say that
from my experience
1001
01:04:12,167 --> 01:04:16,333
that the donors seemed quite
willingly to do the surgery.
1002
01:04:17,867 --> 01:04:21,533
- All of the donors
have returned to
their home countries.
1003
01:04:21,533 --> 01:04:23,200
They're difficult to locate.
1004
01:04:23,200 --> 01:04:25,067
We're trying to
find these people
1005
01:04:25,067 --> 01:04:27,167
and have them provide evidence.
1006
01:04:27,167 --> 01:04:29,833
Many of them may
not be cooperative.
1007
01:04:29,833 --> 01:04:33,567
They may feel ashamed
or betrayed or injured.
1008
01:04:36,733 --> 01:04:39,067
- [Narrator] Raul Fain's
donor holds the key
1009
01:04:39,067 --> 01:04:41,900
to what really
happened at Medicus.
1010
01:04:43,467 --> 01:04:45,867
Among the documents seized
when the Medicus clinic
1011
01:04:45,867 --> 01:04:50,433
was raided is a grainy
photocopy of her passport.
1012
01:04:50,433 --> 01:04:52,800
The alleged victim of
this international organ
1013
01:04:52,800 --> 01:04:55,867
trafficking ring is
a woman named Anna,
1014
01:04:55,867 --> 01:04:58,800
from a country called Moldova.
1015
01:04:58,800 --> 01:05:01,467
Raul's donor will
be the final link
1016
01:05:01,467 --> 01:05:05,067
in the anatomy of a
black market operation.
1017
01:05:13,967 --> 01:05:16,800
Moldova, like Kosovo,
is a fledgling
1018
01:05:16,800 --> 01:05:19,933
republic overrun
by criminal gangs.
1019
01:05:19,933 --> 01:05:23,067
Once known for exporting
wine, vegetables, and fruit,
1020
01:05:23,067 --> 01:05:25,167
it's now known for
exporting impoverished
1021
01:05:25,167 --> 01:05:28,367
donors to the
global organ trade.
1022
01:05:28,367 --> 01:05:31,400
Here, in a tiny
flat, is the haunting
1023
01:05:31,400 --> 01:05:33,733
face from the Medicus files.
1024
01:05:34,967 --> 01:05:37,967
Raul's kidney donor,
Anna Rusalenco,
1025
01:05:37,967 --> 01:05:40,633
is 48 years old and lives alone.
1026
01:05:41,867 --> 01:05:43,800
Her journey to the
Medicus clinic began
1027
01:05:43,800 --> 01:05:47,400
with an ad in a
Russian-language newspaper.
1028
01:06:55,067 --> 01:06:59,800
- They were dressed very
careful, very appropriate.
1029
01:06:59,800 --> 01:07:02,967
One had quite a few
pieces of jewelry.
1030
01:07:14,067 --> 01:07:15,267
- They seemed to be smiling.
1031
01:07:15,267 --> 01:07:18,067
They didn't appear
to be nervous.
1032
01:07:26,767 --> 01:07:29,333
(engine roars)
1033
01:08:04,067 --> 01:08:07,300
- I was asked, at the time,
to sign a statement that,
1034
01:08:07,300 --> 01:08:10,067
you know, everything is
done quite, quite normally
1035
01:08:10,067 --> 01:08:14,233
and that nobody has forced
anybody into doing any of this.
1036
01:09:19,233 --> 01:09:23,167
- [Director] And this is the
walk that you take everyday?
1037
01:09:23,167 --> 01:09:24,967
- A month and a half
ago, we were looking
1038
01:09:24,967 --> 01:09:27,067
at options that
weren't very good.
1039
01:09:27,067 --> 01:09:29,833
But I said that I
wasn't going to give up,
1040
01:09:29,833 --> 01:09:34,067
and my wife was pretty negative
about matchingdonors.com,
1041
01:09:35,100 --> 01:09:36,967
and then I lucked into Laurie.
1042
01:09:36,967 --> 01:09:39,333
I need a 16-ounce...
1043
01:09:39,333 --> 01:09:42,300
We spent the whole
last month texting
1044
01:09:42,300 --> 01:09:44,533
each other to the
point where I filled up
1045
01:09:44,533 --> 01:09:48,467
my text box at least
three times, okay?
1046
01:09:48,467 --> 01:09:49,933
- You only need one kidney.
1047
01:09:49,933 --> 01:09:51,533
I got two and they're healthy.
1048
01:09:51,533 --> 01:09:53,167
And so if I can give
one to somebody else
1049
01:09:53,167 --> 01:09:55,367
to live an equally happy life,
1050
01:09:55,367 --> 01:09:59,067
you know, and healthy
and that's great.
1051
01:09:59,067 --> 01:10:02,233
- I just happened to
luck into meeting her
1052
01:10:02,233 --> 01:10:04,167
at the right time,
in the right place.
1053
01:10:04,167 --> 01:10:06,933
- I went onto
matchingdonors.com,
1054
01:10:08,567 --> 01:10:11,733
and Walter contacted
me the first day.
1055
01:10:13,867 --> 01:10:17,700
I think I'm just comfortable
with him, you know?
1056
01:10:17,700 --> 01:10:19,433
He says what he has
to say, you know?
1057
01:10:19,433 --> 01:10:20,700
He lays it all out there.
1058
01:10:20,700 --> 01:10:24,067
It's not candy-coated,
and I'm used to that.
1059
01:10:24,067 --> 01:10:25,033
That's what I'm from.
1060
01:10:25,033 --> 01:10:26,933
I mean, it's like being at home.
1061
01:10:26,933 --> 01:10:28,433
People have asked me, you know,
1062
01:10:28,433 --> 01:10:31,967
"Why not a younger child or
a woman or a younger man?"
1063
01:10:33,167 --> 01:10:35,567
I have a hard time with that.
1064
01:10:37,967 --> 01:10:41,233
The value of his life is
nothing less than a six-year-old
1065
01:10:41,233 --> 01:10:43,900
or a four-year-old or, you know?
1066
01:10:45,300 --> 01:10:48,000
He's equally as important
as the next person.
1067
01:10:48,000 --> 01:10:50,133
(machine beeping)
1068
01:10:50,133 --> 01:10:54,300
- Laurie is giving me a
gift, and I love her for it.
1069
01:10:56,967 --> 01:10:59,467
She is giving me back my life.
1070
01:11:00,733 --> 01:11:03,767
That is a gift that
can never be repaid.
1071
01:11:08,367 --> 01:11:11,800
- I'm just afraid that
when somebody really comes
1072
01:11:11,800 --> 01:11:14,267
and asks you, "Are
you sure that Walter's
1073
01:11:14,267 --> 01:11:16,733
"the person that you
want to donate to?"
1074
01:11:16,733 --> 01:11:18,233
that you'll start
to think it over
1075
01:11:18,233 --> 01:11:21,067
and you'll say,
"Well, maybe not."
1076
01:11:22,433 --> 01:11:26,700
- As much as this is for Walter,
this is really for me too.
1077
01:11:26,700 --> 01:11:29,300
When I lost a very dear friend,
1078
01:11:31,633 --> 01:11:34,433
I would have given
anything to save her life.
1079
01:11:34,433 --> 01:11:35,500
- [Nancy] Okay.
1080
01:11:35,500 --> 01:11:36,933
- And um--
1081
01:11:36,933 --> 01:11:40,167
- [Nancy] And, of course,
you couldn't, yeah.
1082
01:11:40,167 --> 01:11:44,333
- I didn't have that
opportunity, and
I'm so sorry. (sobs)
1083
01:11:48,067 --> 01:11:50,667
And if I can help one person...
1084
01:11:53,533 --> 01:11:55,800
Live his life with his wife
1085
01:11:55,800 --> 01:11:57,733
and his children and
his grandchildren--
1086
01:11:57,733 --> 01:12:00,067
- [Nancy] Oh, wow.
1087
01:12:00,067 --> 01:12:03,200
- That's, it's
important to me in here.
1088
01:12:05,733 --> 01:12:08,667
- Well, thank you
so much for that.
1089
01:12:15,300 --> 01:12:16,933
- [Jeffery] How's
life been on dialysis?
1090
01:12:16,933 --> 01:12:17,767
- It sucks.
1091
01:12:17,767 --> 01:12:19,100
- It sucks, huh, yeah.
1092
01:12:19,100 --> 01:12:21,133
- [Mary Jo] How's the
transplant list doing?
1093
01:12:21,133 --> 01:12:25,633
- Part of the problem is that
the way things stand now,
1094
01:12:25,633 --> 01:12:27,067
there are separate
lists for each
1095
01:12:27,067 --> 01:12:30,100
of the regions and
organ donation varies.
1096
01:12:30,100 --> 01:12:31,600
They're better in some
parts of the province
1097
01:12:31,600 --> 01:12:35,533
than they are in others, and
Toronto has lagged behind.
1098
01:12:35,533 --> 01:12:36,467
- [Mary Jo] So I could have been
1099
01:12:36,467 --> 01:12:37,933
on a shorter list all this time.
1100
01:12:37,933 --> 01:12:40,133
- Had you been
referred there, yes.
1101
01:12:40,133 --> 01:12:42,467
- [Mary Jo] That's a little
heartbreaking to hear.
1102
01:12:42,467 --> 01:12:44,067
- It is, it is, yeah.
1103
01:12:44,067 --> 01:12:47,800
- I've just learned that I'm
on the longest list in Ontario,
1104
01:12:47,800 --> 01:12:51,400
(scoffs) so which is really
somewhat discouraging
1105
01:12:51,400 --> 01:12:53,067
and upsetting
because I live here,
1106
01:12:53,067 --> 01:12:55,200
and had I known,
maybe we could have
1107
01:12:55,200 --> 01:12:57,367
decided to live somewhere else.
1108
01:12:57,367 --> 01:12:58,633
I don't know if we
would've or not.
1109
01:12:58,633 --> 01:13:01,733
It's just, again, it's
something I didn't know.
1110
01:13:01,733 --> 01:13:03,167
I was ignorant to.
1111
01:13:03,167 --> 01:13:06,133
And, you know, you just
wonder when it's gonna happen.
1112
01:13:06,133 --> 01:13:08,133
So I have no choice
but to be positive
1113
01:13:08,133 --> 01:13:10,967
and deal with
things as they come.
1114
01:13:12,433 --> 01:13:14,067
(machine beeping)
1115
01:13:14,067 --> 01:13:16,300
I do as much as I
can, but, I just,
1116
01:13:16,300 --> 01:13:18,333
I would love to feel good.
1117
01:13:18,333 --> 01:13:19,567
I'm tired.
1118
01:13:19,567 --> 01:13:21,600
I start early in the
morning, and I'm done.
1119
01:13:21,600 --> 01:13:24,400
By nine, 10 o'clock,
like, I am spent,
1120
01:13:24,400 --> 01:13:27,233
and then I have to go
shove needles up my arms.
1121
01:13:27,233 --> 01:13:29,800
So yeah, I would love
to get off the machine.
1122
01:13:29,800 --> 01:13:31,667
I really would, and
the idea of doing
1123
01:13:31,667 --> 01:13:35,067
another two years
doesn't make me happy.
1124
01:13:42,700 --> 01:13:43,933
- [Walter] God, I'm scared.
1125
01:13:43,933 --> 01:13:45,733
- [Nancy] Don't be, why?
1126
01:13:45,733 --> 01:13:47,733
- [Walter] Just surgery.
1127
01:13:54,767 --> 01:13:56,067
- [Narrator] Altruistic donors
1128
01:13:56,067 --> 01:13:59,367
like Laurie Wood are
one in a million.
1129
01:13:59,367 --> 01:14:01,600
Walter has won the lottery.
1130
01:14:03,633 --> 01:14:04,867
(machinery beeping)
1131
01:14:04,867 --> 01:14:08,633
(dramatic piano
and strings music)
1132
01:14:27,333 --> 01:14:29,067
- [Walter] Hi, Troy.
1133
01:14:30,067 --> 01:14:31,167
Hi, sweetness.
1134
01:14:32,600 --> 01:14:34,233
- It was really good just
to see Walter this morning,
1135
01:14:34,233 --> 01:14:37,633
and he looked incredible
and that's great, you know?
1136
01:14:37,633 --> 01:14:38,900
It's a good feeling you can make
1137
01:14:38,900 --> 01:14:40,633
that kind of a
difference in somebody.
1138
01:14:40,633 --> 01:14:41,567
You're not gonna
make lots of trouble.
1139
01:14:41,567 --> 01:14:42,867
You be good, behave yourself.
1140
01:14:42,867 --> 01:14:44,100
- I know I'm gonna
make lots of trouble.
1141
01:14:44,100 --> 01:14:45,433
- No you're not.
1142
01:14:46,600 --> 01:14:49,300
- I owe Laurie the
rest of my life.
1143
01:14:50,600 --> 01:14:53,500
My life expectancy,
as a statistic,
1144
01:14:54,933 --> 01:14:56,600
just went up, a lot.
1145
01:15:00,933 --> 01:15:04,167
(dramatic piano music)
1146
01:15:06,700 --> 01:15:08,467
- [Narrator] Brought
together by fate,
1147
01:15:08,467 --> 01:15:10,633
Anna Rusalenco and
Raul Fain are now
1148
01:15:10,633 --> 01:15:13,667
linked in a court
of law as well.
1149
01:15:13,667 --> 01:15:16,400
Jonathan Ratel's
indictment of Doctor Sonmez
1150
01:15:16,400 --> 01:15:18,967
and the rest of the
Kosovo transplant network
1151
01:15:18,967 --> 01:15:23,133
has brought suspicion and
detectives into their homes.
1152
01:15:38,067 --> 01:15:40,700
- I had a visit from the
RCMP, which informed me
1153
01:15:40,700 --> 01:15:44,267
that they are acting
on behalf of Interpol.
1154
01:16:01,233 --> 01:16:04,100
- There were always
surprise-type visits
1155
01:16:04,100 --> 01:16:07,733
and not finding me home,
spreading their business card
1156
01:16:07,733 --> 01:16:09,200
to all my neighbors
and telling them,
1157
01:16:09,200 --> 01:16:10,900
"Oh, I'm looking for Mr. Fain.
1158
01:16:10,900 --> 01:16:13,433
"Do you know where he is?"
and so on and so forth.
1159
01:16:13,433 --> 01:16:17,333
I found this method a
little bit disconcerting.
1160
01:16:28,600 --> 01:16:31,167
- I had no choice but
to give a testimony
1161
01:16:31,167 --> 01:16:34,333
or I would have faced
a jail sentence.
1162
01:17:19,200 --> 01:17:21,333
- There was a guy
in Brooklyn here
1163
01:17:21,333 --> 01:17:23,567
who got caught six months
ago being a broker,
1164
01:17:23,567 --> 01:17:25,267
buying and selling
kidneys, and he made money,
1165
01:17:25,267 --> 01:17:27,567
he became wealthy,
but he broke the law,
1166
01:17:27,567 --> 01:17:29,067
and he saved hundreds of lives.
1167
01:17:29,067 --> 01:17:32,333
I follow a law, I
observe the law,
1168
01:17:32,333 --> 01:17:34,567
and I have let
hundreds of people die.
1169
01:17:34,567 --> 01:17:35,800
Who's moral and who's immoral?
1170
01:17:35,800 --> 01:17:37,667
I think I'm immoral,
and that guy
1171
01:17:37,667 --> 01:17:38,933
who broke the law,
he's more moral.
1172
01:17:38,933 --> 01:17:40,600
He saved hundreds of lives.
1173
01:17:40,600 --> 01:17:42,833
So yeah, I'm working
within the system,
1174
01:17:42,833 --> 01:17:44,967
but I'm getting
sick of the system.
1175
01:17:44,967 --> 01:17:48,900
("Out of Time" by Blur)
1176
01:17:48,900 --> 01:17:50,933
- [Narrator] Every year,
thousands of illicit
1177
01:17:50,933 --> 01:17:53,167
kidney transplants
continue to take place
1178
01:17:53,167 --> 01:17:56,133
in countries around the world.
1179
01:17:56,133 --> 01:17:59,600
In all these cases, the
recipients are deathly sick
1180
01:17:59,600 --> 01:18:02,767
and the donors are
poor and desperate.
1181
01:18:05,533 --> 01:18:09,067
This is the thread that unites
donors, doctors, and patients
1182
01:18:09,067 --> 01:18:12,233
in a web of fortune,
fear, and infamy.
1183
01:18:13,867 --> 01:18:17,400
In Kosovo, a thrust to shut
down the global kidney trade
1184
01:18:17,400 --> 01:18:19,667
has captured seven
local defendants,
1185
01:18:19,667 --> 01:18:23,833
but the major players
are far away and free.
1186
01:18:23,833 --> 01:18:26,967
In Turkey, Dr. Yusuf
Sonmez, a virtuoso
1187
01:18:26,967 --> 01:18:30,800
labeled a vulture, has
relinquished his scalpel.
1188
01:18:30,800 --> 01:18:34,467
In Israel, Zaki Shapira,
an unrepentant pioneer,
1189
01:18:34,467 --> 01:18:36,133
has quietly retired.
1190
01:18:37,600 --> 01:18:39,433
In Canada, Raul lives.
1191
01:18:40,500 --> 01:18:42,667
In Moldova, Anna survives.
1192
01:18:44,200 --> 01:18:48,700
And all around the world, the
dance of desperation goes on.
1193
01:18:48,700 --> 01:18:51,167
- This case is the
hallmark of a rank
1194
01:18:51,167 --> 01:18:54,200
exploitation of the
human condition.
1195
01:18:54,200 --> 01:18:56,933
These victims were
identified, selected--
1196
01:18:56,933 --> 01:19:01,700
- I just hope that the donor
has benefited from this
1197
01:19:01,700 --> 01:19:05,867
at least as much as I did
because I benefited a lot.
1198
01:19:16,333 --> 01:19:19,700
* Where's the love song
1199
01:19:19,700 --> 01:19:22,200
* Set us free
1200
01:19:23,333 --> 01:19:26,800
* Too many people down
1201
01:19:26,800 --> 01:19:30,967
* Everything turning
the wrong way around
1202
01:19:35,467 --> 01:19:39,633
* And I don't know
what love will be
1203
01:19:42,500 --> 01:19:46,067
* But if we start dreaming now
1204
01:19:46,067 --> 01:19:50,233
* Lord knows we'll
never leave the clouds
1205
01:19:52,633 --> 01:19:56,533
* And you've been so busy lately
1206
01:19:56,533 --> 01:20:00,467
* That you haven't
found the time
1207
01:20:00,467 --> 01:20:03,967
* To open up your mind
1208
01:20:03,967 --> 01:20:07,567
* And watch the world spinning
1209
01:20:07,567 --> 01:20:10,667
* Gently out of time
1210
01:20:17,000 --> 01:20:21,100
* Feel the sunshine on your face
1211
01:20:23,767 --> 01:20:27,267
* It's in a computer now
1212
01:20:27,267 --> 01:20:29,600
* Gone to the future
1213
01:20:29,600 --> 01:20:32,500
* Way out in space
1214
01:20:33,967 --> 01:20:37,833
* And you've been so busy lately
1215
01:20:37,833 --> 01:20:41,700
* That you haven't
found the time
1216
01:20:41,700 --> 01:20:45,167
* To open up your mind
1217
01:20:45,167 --> 01:20:48,667
* And watch the world spinning
1218
01:20:48,667 --> 01:20:51,733
* Gently out of time
1219
01:21:23,867 --> 01:21:27,667
* And you've been so busy lately
1220
01:21:27,667 --> 01:21:31,533
* That you haven't
found the time
1221
01:21:31,533 --> 01:21:35,067
* To open up your mind
1222
01:21:35,067 --> 01:21:38,633
* And watch the world spinning
1223
01:21:38,633 --> 01:21:42,067
* Gently out of time
1224
01:21:42,067 --> 01:21:45,400
* Tell me I'm not dreaming
1225
01:21:45,400 --> 01:21:49,633
* But are we out of time
1226
01:21:49,633 --> 01:21:53,233
* We're out of time
1227
01:21:53,233 --> 01:21:55,733
* Out of time
1228
01:21:56,567 --> 01:21:59,067
* Out of time
1229
01:22:00,067 --> 01:22:02,467
* Out of time
1230
01:22:03,433 --> 01:22:05,933
* Out of time
92308
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