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[man 1]
Good evening, a great white
shark has been hunted, caught
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00:00:29,310 --> 00:00:32,517
and killed after a horrifying
attack near Mandurah.
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00:00:32,551 --> 00:00:35,103
The shark was hooked
on drumlines off Falcon
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00:00:35,137 --> 00:00:36,517
and towed out to sea,
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00:00:36,551 --> 00:00:37,965
but there's no confirmation
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00:00:38,000 --> 00:00:41,068
it was the shark that
attacked the surfer.
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00:00:41,103 --> 00:00:45,103
[Eric Bana]
Our whole lives, we've
been taught to fear them.
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Good evening,
two surfers have been injured.
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-A shark attack.
-Multiple attacks.
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00:00:48,896 --> 00:00:51,517
-Bitten by a shark.
-Mauled by a shark.
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00:00:51,551 --> 00:00:56,689
[Bana] Monsters, murderers,
man-eaters.
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00:00:56,724 --> 00:00:58,172
-Shark attack.
-Shark attacks.
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00:00:58,206 --> 00:00:59,793
-A shark attack.
-Two shark attacks.
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00:00:59,827 --> 00:01:01,379
[man 1] Terror
in the shallows.
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00:01:01,413 --> 00:01:03,896
[Bana] But what if we've
been taught wrong?
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00:01:03,931 --> 00:01:06,724
What if the very thing
you were taught to fear
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00:01:06,758 --> 00:01:08,758
had more to fear from us?
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00:01:08,793 --> 00:01:10,103
-Great white...
-[man] Shark attack...
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00:01:10,137 --> 00:01:11,172
-A great white...
-Shark attack.
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00:01:11,206 --> 00:01:12,896
-[woman] Two shark attacks.
-Bitten by a shark.
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00:01:12,931 --> 00:01:15,862
[Bana]
What if we knew we had a
greater chance of being killed
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00:01:15,896 --> 00:01:18,275
by almost any other
animal on Earth
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00:01:18,310 --> 00:01:22,551
than by one of nature's oldest
and most evolved species?
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00:01:22,586 --> 00:01:24,172
-Bitten by [inaudible].
-Shark attack.
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00:01:24,206 --> 00:01:27,620
[indistinct conversations]
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00:01:27,655 --> 00:01:31,827
[Bana]
What if our ignorance
is about to wipe them out?
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00:01:31,862 --> 00:01:35,827
Not in 100 years,
not in 50 years.
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00:01:36,862 --> 00:01:41,034
This generation. Right now.
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00:01:45,586 --> 00:01:48,137
They can't speak
for themselves.
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00:01:48,172 --> 00:01:52,068
So we must be their envoy.
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00:01:56,103 --> 00:01:59,793
[mellow theme music playing]
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00:02:21,965 --> 00:02:23,724
[Layne Beachley]
I feel that one
of the greatest ways
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00:02:23,758 --> 00:02:27,517
that we can overcome
our fear of the unknown
is get to know it.
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00:02:27,551 --> 00:02:28,965
One of the greatest ways
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00:02:29,000 --> 00:02:31,241
I've been able to reduce
my fear of sharks,
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00:02:31,275 --> 00:02:33,034
is swimming with them.
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00:02:33,068 --> 00:02:36,793
Getting to understand
their gentle, curious nature,
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it was one of the
most beautiful things
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00:02:39,172 --> 00:02:40,241
I ever had to do
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00:02:40,275 --> 00:02:42,275
was just actually
sit underneath a bull shark
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00:02:42,310 --> 00:02:45,034
and watch it gracefully glide
around over the top of me,
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00:02:45,068 --> 00:02:46,310
it was just so beautiful.
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00:02:46,344 --> 00:02:50,551
I never ever have experienced
a fear of a shark since then.
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00:03:01,586 --> 00:03:03,965
[Juan Oliphant]
So pretty much,
you know, raised in Hawaii
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00:03:04,000 --> 00:03:05,551
since I was two.
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00:03:05,586 --> 00:03:08,758
You know, I had seen them
as a lot as a kid, you know,
spearfishing,
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00:03:08,793 --> 00:03:11,482
and I still was really, really
kind of a afraid of them.
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00:03:11,517 --> 00:03:14,689
But it wasn't until
I had a really bad accident
where I broke my back.
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00:03:14,724 --> 00:03:18,620
And it left me paralyzed
for almost a good portion
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00:03:18,655 --> 00:03:22,620
of three or four months
and the remedy that really,
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00:03:22,655 --> 00:03:25,862
that made the healing process
get better was the diving.
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00:03:27,896 --> 00:03:29,965
And so now I was getting
engaged in diving,
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00:03:30,000 --> 00:03:33,137
like almost every day trying
to get my back to normal.
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00:03:33,172 --> 00:03:36,379
And the interactions
with sharks were a little
bit more consistent,
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00:03:36,413 --> 00:03:38,137
and they were far, far, far
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00:03:38,172 --> 00:03:40,862
from what I was told
what I saw on TV, you know,
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00:03:40,896 --> 00:03:43,689
and they were more scared
of me than I was of it
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00:03:43,724 --> 00:03:45,586
and that kind of like,
created this passion
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00:03:45,620 --> 00:03:48,241
and desire to want
to learn more.
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00:03:48,275 --> 00:03:50,896
It's that fear of the unknown,
you know, for most people,
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00:03:50,931 --> 00:03:53,517
and then you have other people
trying to fill in the gaps
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00:03:53,551 --> 00:03:55,103
with that lack of information.
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00:03:55,137 --> 00:03:58,034
[waves splashing]
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00:04:02,862 --> 00:04:06,344
So I think a lot of the
public fear all has to do
with fear of the unknown.
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00:04:06,379 --> 00:04:09,931
It's that dark basement,
or what you can't see
in the water,
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00:04:09,965 --> 00:04:12,482
and the more
we understand about sharks
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00:04:12,517 --> 00:04:14,551
and their motivations
and the behaviors,
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00:04:14,586 --> 00:04:17,034
the more that fear
just dissolves away.
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00:04:17,068 --> 00:04:19,655
I've been with HSI
for almost two years now,
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00:04:19,689 --> 00:04:22,448
I'm a marine biologist
and ocean campaigner.
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00:04:22,482 --> 00:04:26,310
There's been this massive
divide lately between science
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00:04:26,344 --> 00:04:28,931
and between
what's been accepted
or what's taken as fact.
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00:04:28,965 --> 00:04:31,482
And I think just as important
as pushing forward
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00:04:31,517 --> 00:04:34,379
our knowledge and continuing
to do science and research,
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00:04:34,413 --> 00:04:36,137
it's important to bridge
that gap.
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00:04:47,068 --> 00:04:50,655
There's something about,
you know, when you're
20 meters underwater,
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00:04:50,689 --> 00:04:53,620
and you're sitting there
with the sharks,
they come past you
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00:04:53,655 --> 00:04:56,379
and their eye swivels around
and definitely looks at you.
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00:04:56,413 --> 00:04:57,896
There's that awareness there.
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00:04:57,931 --> 00:05:02,689
And it's so calming
and quite lovely.
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00:05:08,655 --> 00:05:11,758
Part of my mission and
a lot of scientists out there
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00:05:11,793 --> 00:05:14,344
and conservationists,
and even people
who just love sharks
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00:05:14,379 --> 00:05:15,517
and just love talking
about the them,
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00:05:15,551 --> 00:05:18,137
is to really sell
the truth of it.
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00:05:18,172 --> 00:05:20,758
We've got over 320 odd species
of sharks
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00:05:20,793 --> 00:05:22,310
and Rays in Australia.
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00:05:22,344 --> 00:05:25,206
You know,
half of them aren't found
anywhere else in the world.
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00:05:25,241 --> 00:05:28,827
And the go to species
that everyone thinks of
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00:05:28,862 --> 00:05:30,862
are your tiger sharks,
great whites,
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00:05:30,896 --> 00:05:33,689
are your whale sharks,
which are amazing,
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00:05:33,724 --> 00:05:36,896
and incredibly beautiful
in their own right.
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00:05:36,931 --> 00:05:40,172
But there's also these other
species that were just...
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00:05:40,206 --> 00:05:42,172
the majority people
I don't think are aware of.
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00:05:47,310 --> 00:05:50,000
I grew up in the ocean,
and I got to see sharks
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for what they naturally were,
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00:05:51,551 --> 00:05:54,172
which is absolutely
beautiful and fascinating.
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00:05:54,206 --> 00:05:57,206
And as I grew up, I realized
how important they were.
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00:05:57,241 --> 00:05:59,172
I went to school
for marine biology.
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00:05:59,206 --> 00:06:00,896
And as I traveled
around the world
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00:06:00,931 --> 00:06:03,034
and worked around the world,
I realized that people
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00:06:03,068 --> 00:06:06,655
had a very heavy damaging
misconception of them,
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00:06:06,689 --> 00:06:09,068
and that they're actually
the real victims
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00:06:09,103 --> 00:06:11,206
and the ones that have
something to fear.
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00:06:15,724 --> 00:06:17,620
I think for a very long time,
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00:06:17,655 --> 00:06:18,965
people didn't know
very much about sharks.
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00:06:19,000 --> 00:06:21,793
So it's very easy
to be afraid of them,
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00:06:21,827 --> 00:06:24,448
you're afraid naturally of
something that you don't know.
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00:06:32,827 --> 00:06:34,827
[Holly Richmond]
When you see sharks
under the water,
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00:06:34,862 --> 00:06:37,000
they're just so majestic
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00:06:37,034 --> 00:06:39,206
and actually
a lot more scared of us
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00:06:39,241 --> 00:06:41,827
than what you know what we
typically are of them as well.
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00:06:41,862 --> 00:06:44,172
So getting to know sharks
under the water
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00:06:44,206 --> 00:06:46,896
is probably the best way
to meet sharks
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00:06:46,931 --> 00:06:48,034
and understand them.
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00:06:54,793 --> 00:06:57,206
There was this moment
when I was about 15 years old,
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00:06:57,241 --> 00:07:00,241
and I was diving with
two really big tiger sharks.
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00:07:00,275 --> 00:07:03,862
And it was just amazing,
it was late in the afternoon,
the light was beautiful,
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00:07:03,896 --> 00:07:05,655
and then suddenly
they disappeared.
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00:07:05,689 --> 00:07:07,000
So there's
this is anticipation,
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00:07:07,034 --> 00:07:08,551
and all of a sudden out
of the corner of this
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00:07:08,586 --> 00:07:10,137
great hammerhead
swims through,
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00:07:10,172 --> 00:07:12,310
the middle
of the water column,
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00:07:12,344 --> 00:07:14,379
and its head was
as wide as I was tall.
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00:07:14,413 --> 00:07:16,896
And at first I thought it was
a whale, it was that big.
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00:07:16,931 --> 00:07:19,137
And this creature,
this massive creature
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00:07:19,172 --> 00:07:23,241
that I had been
kind of taught by society my
entire life to be scared of,
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00:07:23,275 --> 00:07:25,793
just passed through and didn't
even pay attention to me
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00:07:25,827 --> 00:07:27,034
and it was one
of the greatest things
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00:07:27,068 --> 00:07:29,137
I had ever seen
in my entire life.
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00:07:31,000 --> 00:07:34,241
[waves splashing]
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00:07:39,689 --> 00:07:42,413
I grew up on the Gold Coast
I've been here my entire life.
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It's been home.
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And I feel like
when I was a kid,
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00:07:45,896 --> 00:07:47,689
I was the only person
looking out to sea,
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00:07:47,724 --> 00:07:49,103
seeing the shark nets
and drum lines
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00:07:49,137 --> 00:07:52,862
and thinking what on earth
is going on here?
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00:07:52,896 --> 00:07:54,965
[Jonathan Clark]
When I got involved
in the chapter in Brisbane,
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00:07:55,000 --> 00:07:58,620
I didn't have
a lot of knowledge
about nets and drum lines.
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00:07:58,655 --> 00:08:01,965
I was probably typical
of a lot of the population.
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00:08:03,724 --> 00:08:07,689
[Tom Carroll]
I learned to surf
on this beach, in that water
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00:08:07,724 --> 00:08:11,172
starting around
seven years of age.
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00:08:11,206 --> 00:08:14,241
To be honest I've never even
thought about the shark nets.
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00:08:15,137 --> 00:08:18,275
I used to use the buoys
to paddle around
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00:08:18,310 --> 00:08:21,448
when we were doing
a lot of open ocean paddling.
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00:08:25,517 --> 00:08:27,931
[Holly]
I've been assisting
Humpback Whale Research
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00:08:27,965 --> 00:08:31,620
for the past four years,
and particularly on the
east coast of Australia,
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00:08:31,655 --> 00:08:34,448
humpback whales
are becoming entangled
in shark nets.
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00:08:34,482 --> 00:08:36,758
And that sparked
my interest with shark nets
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00:08:36,793 --> 00:08:39,172
and exactly what are they
and what are the aims
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00:08:39,206 --> 00:08:40,689
and the methods
of this program?
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00:08:40,724 --> 00:08:43,862
So I basically took the
initiative to go out there
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00:08:43,896 --> 00:08:46,000
and get a view
for myself of exactly
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00:08:46,034 --> 00:08:48,000
what's happening
beneath the surface.
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00:08:50,655 --> 00:08:53,000
The biggest misconception
that people have
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00:08:53,034 --> 00:08:54,655
towards the
Shark Control Program
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00:08:54,689 --> 00:08:55,931
is that a lot of people think
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00:08:55,965 --> 00:08:58,482
that it's a physical barrier
between them
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00:08:58,517 --> 00:09:00,931
and the open ocean.
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00:09:00,965 --> 00:09:05,689
People aren't aware that this
device is a fishing device,
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00:09:05,724 --> 00:09:08,344
it's there to capture
and to kill passing sharks
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00:09:08,379 --> 00:09:10,793
and I think a lot of people
are surprised
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00:09:10,827 --> 00:09:13,758
when they realize that
it's not a physical barrier
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00:09:13,793 --> 00:09:15,586
that is completely enclosed
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00:09:15,620 --> 00:09:18,068
or it doesn't touch
the bottom of the ocean.
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00:09:21,000 --> 00:09:23,965
[Bana]
Bright buoys visible
from the shore in the air,
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00:09:24,000 --> 00:09:26,551
draw a line through
the ocean,
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00:09:26,586 --> 00:09:30,517
between the comfort
of the shallows
and the mystery of the deep.
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00:09:32,965 --> 00:09:35,931
Not many people know
exactly what they are,
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00:09:35,965 --> 00:09:40,448
or how they work, just told
that it keeps them safe.
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00:09:40,482 --> 00:09:43,965
Even fewer people
know the truth.
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00:10:00,206 --> 00:10:03,241
[man 2]
Australian beaches renowned
for their long unbroken
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00:10:03,275 --> 00:10:05,310
surf line and
clean white gold sand
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00:10:05,344 --> 00:10:06,965
are among the
most beautiful in the world.
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00:10:07,000 --> 00:10:10,310
This lovely beach
is a typical example.
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00:10:10,344 --> 00:10:12,655
[Bana]
Shark nets were first
introduced off the east coast
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00:10:12,689 --> 00:10:15,482
of Australia in 1937,
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00:10:15,517 --> 00:10:19,448
with drumlines
following soon after.
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00:10:19,482 --> 00:10:22,172
It's the very same decade
Qantas first started flying
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00:10:22,206 --> 00:10:24,586
between Australia and London.
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00:10:24,620 --> 00:10:27,551
Flights could fit
just ten passengers,
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00:10:27,586 --> 00:10:32,689
had 21 stopovers,
and took a total of 12 days.
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00:10:32,724 --> 00:10:36,034
Our world has evolved beyond
recognition since then,
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00:10:36,068 --> 00:10:40,931
but shark nets
and drumlines have stayed
fundamentally the same.
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00:10:42,793 --> 00:10:47,344
Shark nets in Queensland are
186 meters wide by six meters,
185
00:10:47,379 --> 00:10:51,000
hang from the surface, and
sit in water 12 meters deep.
186
00:10:55,827 --> 00:11:00,724
Shark nets in New South Wales
are 150 meters by six meters
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00:11:00,758 --> 00:11:04,655
are anchored to the sea floor,
also in water 12 meters deep.
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00:11:05,862 --> 00:11:08,896
Both programs
cover only a tiny portion
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00:11:08,931 --> 00:11:10,344
of any given beach,
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00:11:10,379 --> 00:11:13,275
allowing sharks ample
opportunity to swim over,
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00:11:13,310 --> 00:11:17,413
under, around,
and towards beaches.
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00:11:17,448 --> 00:11:20,206
In fact,
a high percentage of sharks
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00:11:20,241 --> 00:11:22,379
are caught inside the nets.
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00:11:22,413 --> 00:11:24,448
They've already been
to the beach,
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00:11:24,482 --> 00:11:28,000
and are peacefully making
their way back out to sea.
196
00:11:29,724 --> 00:11:33,206
Drumlines use a
large buoy on the surface
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00:11:33,241 --> 00:11:36,586
to suspend a baited industrial
fishing hook
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00:11:36,620 --> 00:11:39,931
dangling below
on heavy duty chains.
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00:11:39,965 --> 00:11:42,655
They chum the waters,
attracting sharks,
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00:11:42,689 --> 00:11:44,758
in the hopes of hooking them.
201
00:11:45,931 --> 00:11:48,275
If anyone in a snorkel
and fins can navigate
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00:11:48,310 --> 00:11:50,068
around this technology,
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00:11:50,103 --> 00:11:52,482
why would we think
that sharks can't?
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00:11:53,965 --> 00:11:56,551
People think that
shark incidents are happening
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00:11:56,586 --> 00:11:58,965
at a higher rate
than what they really are.
206
00:11:59,000 --> 00:12:03,137
Being bitten by a shark
is extremely unlikely.
207
00:12:03,172 --> 00:12:07,241
Unfortunately, when there
is a shark bite incident,
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00:12:07,275 --> 00:12:09,034
the media jump onto this
209
00:12:09,068 --> 00:12:12,241
and they report it
over and over again.
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00:12:12,275 --> 00:12:13,620
There's a rogue shark
out there,
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00:12:13,655 --> 00:12:15,034
the Jawsmentality, right?
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00:12:15,068 --> 00:12:16,586
That it's got to taste
for human blood,
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00:12:16,620 --> 00:12:18,275
and it's not gonna
stop until you know,
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00:12:18,310 --> 00:12:21,275
so it's just like
that kind of mentality,
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00:12:21,310 --> 00:12:24,172
it's so false,
and it's like a lie basically,
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00:12:24,206 --> 00:12:26,344
you know,
when it comes down to it.
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00:12:26,379 --> 00:12:29,103
[woman 1]
When I've seen or heard
on the news that there was
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00:12:29,137 --> 00:12:32,241
a shark attack,
my heart fully sinks
219
00:12:32,275 --> 00:12:35,344
and it's a really terrible
feeling because
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00:12:35,379 --> 00:12:38,586
one, you know,
that someone's just been
through something traumatic
221
00:12:38,620 --> 00:12:40,413
and the media
has taken advantage of that.
222
00:12:40,448 --> 00:12:43,379
And two, you know that that
means bad news for sharks.
223
00:12:44,620 --> 00:12:46,586
[woman 2]
Trauma and
sensationalism sells.
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00:12:46,620 --> 00:12:50,034
And so for generations now,
the media has capitalized off
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00:12:50,068 --> 00:12:51,758
of demonizing them.
226
00:12:53,517 --> 00:12:55,275
[Dr. Leonardo Guida]
Drone footage
is now coming out,
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00:12:55,310 --> 00:12:56,689
particularly
from New South Wales,
228
00:12:56,724 --> 00:12:58,000
and the photography
is awesome.
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00:12:58,034 --> 00:13:00,344
I mean, the colors,
shapes, and you see surfers
230
00:13:00,379 --> 00:13:02,379
and you see the silhouette
of a shark in the water
231
00:13:02,413 --> 00:13:05,034
and the headline
is "Shark stalks surfer".
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00:13:05,068 --> 00:13:08,241
And it's like, no, the sharks
just doing its thing.
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00:13:08,275 --> 00:13:10,448
It probably
hasn't even seen the surfer.
234
00:13:10,482 --> 00:13:13,206
[Jonathan]
The number of times
that negative language
235
00:13:13,241 --> 00:13:17,241
about sharks is repeated
for every shark bite incident.
236
00:13:17,275 --> 00:13:20,241
The number of reports
is astounding.
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00:13:20,275 --> 00:13:23,000
The average is in the 30s.
238
00:13:23,034 --> 00:13:24,724
[Lawrence Chlebeck]
But the media
will report on them
239
00:13:24,758 --> 00:13:26,965
because these incidents
can be tragic.
240
00:13:27,000 --> 00:13:28,448
They can be traumatic.
241
00:13:28,482 --> 00:13:31,586
We hear words like
maul, man eater, attack,
242
00:13:31,620 --> 00:13:33,000
but more accurately,
243
00:13:33,034 --> 00:13:35,896
these interactions
are classified as just that,
interactions.
244
00:13:35,931 --> 00:13:38,517
It's a bump
or an investigative bite.
245
00:13:38,551 --> 00:13:41,724
We all understand that those
bites can be very tragic
246
00:13:41,758 --> 00:13:44,862
and traumatic,
but it's very, very rarely,
247
00:13:44,896 --> 00:13:46,793
and almost never,
an actual attack.
248
00:13:46,827 --> 00:13:49,482
And that feeds into the public
psyche, of what they think.
249
00:13:49,517 --> 00:13:51,896
They think the sharks
are out there hunting them.
250
00:13:51,931 --> 00:13:54,931
And that's really not at all
what's happening.
251
00:13:54,965 --> 00:13:58,310
[Ocean Ramsey]
The tolerance
that sharks show for humans
252
00:13:58,344 --> 00:14:01,379
being such capable
predators as they are,
253
00:14:01,413 --> 00:14:04,379
it never ceases to astonish me
254
00:14:04,413 --> 00:14:06,172
and people don't give them
credit for that.
255
00:14:06,206 --> 00:14:08,034
They swim past surfers,
swimmers, and divers
256
00:14:08,068 --> 00:14:09,034
all day, every day.
257
00:14:09,068 --> 00:14:11,137
And it's so rare
that they make a mistake.
258
00:14:11,172 --> 00:14:13,586
You think about how many
mistakes humans make.
259
00:14:13,620 --> 00:14:16,137
And it's just... I wish
that they got that credit,
260
00:14:16,172 --> 00:14:17,689
and that made the news,
261
00:14:17,724 --> 00:14:19,482
because that's something
that happens every day,
262
00:14:19,517 --> 00:14:22,827
and not the extremely rare
mistaken identity bite.
263
00:14:31,862 --> 00:14:34,103
I used to be
terrified of sharks.
264
00:14:34,137 --> 00:14:36,931
Uh, I didn't really know
anything about them
265
00:14:36,965 --> 00:14:38,413
except for what
the media told me
266
00:14:38,448 --> 00:14:40,896
and that was always
gnashing teeth
267
00:14:40,931 --> 00:14:42,413
and blood and fear.
268
00:14:42,448 --> 00:14:45,206
And so I fed into that.
269
00:14:45,241 --> 00:14:47,965
In 2005, I ended up passing
a selection course
270
00:14:48,000 --> 00:14:49,344
for the Navy clearance divers
271
00:14:49,379 --> 00:14:51,413
and started
a whole new career,
272
00:14:51,448 --> 00:14:54,448
and I didn't just find
my dream job,
273
00:14:54,482 --> 00:14:56,103
I found my dream life.
274
00:14:57,724 --> 00:14:59,482
In 2009,
275
00:14:59,517 --> 00:15:02,931
I had been a clearance diver
for about four years,
276
00:15:02,965 --> 00:15:07,758
and every single time,
honestly, I got in the water,
277
00:15:07,793 --> 00:15:09,344
I had sharks on the brain.
278
00:15:09,379 --> 00:15:10,827
Even though sharks
terrified me,
279
00:15:10,862 --> 00:15:13,586
I had a focus to get that
out of my mind.
280
00:15:14,586 --> 00:15:16,862
I was swimming in the water
on the surface
281
00:15:16,896 --> 00:15:20,862
right in Sydney Harbor,
right alongside the Navy base.
282
00:15:20,896 --> 00:15:23,172
And I was on my back,
on the surface,
283
00:15:23,206 --> 00:15:26,482
kicking my legs,
doing what we call finning.
284
00:15:26,517 --> 00:15:28,655
I was facing
the other direction,
285
00:15:28,689 --> 00:15:30,793
making sure I was headed
towards the warship
286
00:15:30,827 --> 00:15:31,896
where I was supposed
to be going
287
00:15:31,931 --> 00:15:34,620
and I felt this massive
whack in my leg.
288
00:15:34,655 --> 00:15:37,551
And I turned back around
and came face to face
289
00:15:37,586 --> 00:15:42,241
with a massive shark's head
and I didn't know what to do.
290
00:15:42,275 --> 00:15:45,758
I'd never even seen a big,
dangerous shark before.
291
00:15:45,793 --> 00:15:48,413
And then all of a sudden,
it's attached to me.
292
00:15:48,448 --> 00:15:50,206
My survival instincts
kicked in.
293
00:15:50,241 --> 00:15:51,793
I thought I've got
to get this thing off me.
294
00:15:51,827 --> 00:15:54,172
But I couldn't move my arm
295
00:15:54,206 --> 00:15:55,965
because my hand
was in its mouth.
296
00:15:56,000 --> 00:15:57,689
And so I grabbed it
by the nose
297
00:15:57,724 --> 00:15:59,689
and I tried to lever it
off my leg
298
00:15:59,724 --> 00:16:02,310
but all that did was push
the teeth of the lower jaw
299
00:16:02,344 --> 00:16:03,586
deeper into my leg.
300
00:16:04,379 --> 00:16:06,517
So in a last ditch effort,
301
00:16:06,551 --> 00:16:08,551
I cocked back
to punch it in the nose,
302
00:16:08,586 --> 00:16:10,758
and it started to shake me
303
00:16:10,793 --> 00:16:15,068
and I can't even tell you
how painful this was.
304
00:16:15,827 --> 00:16:17,448
It took me underwater,
305
00:16:17,482 --> 00:16:19,379
and I wasn't just in pain,
I was terrified.
306
00:16:19,413 --> 00:16:23,137
This was my worst nightmare.
And I thought I was gonna die.
307
00:16:26,034 --> 00:16:29,068
The shark's tail
splashed water into my face
308
00:16:29,103 --> 00:16:31,206
and kind of shook me
back to reality.
309
00:16:31,241 --> 00:16:34,000
And I realized,
"Oh, I'm not dead."
310
00:16:34,034 --> 00:16:36,448
And I thought I've gotta
get back to the safety boat.
311
00:16:36,482 --> 00:16:38,034
So my laser-like focus,
312
00:16:38,068 --> 00:16:40,448
all that navy training
and army training kicked in.
313
00:16:40,482 --> 00:16:44,931
My sole entire mission
was to get back to that boat.
314
00:16:44,965 --> 00:16:47,413
As soon as the guys
pulled me into the boat,
315
00:16:47,448 --> 00:16:48,586
I just relaxed.
316
00:16:48,620 --> 00:16:50,896
Just for the simple fact
that I was safe,
317
00:16:50,931 --> 00:16:54,172
my eyes rolled back
in my head and I passed out,
318
00:16:54,206 --> 00:16:57,448
and my mate Tommo
sprang into action.
319
00:16:57,482 --> 00:16:59,586
And his medical training
told him
320
00:16:59,620 --> 00:17:01,724
that I was going
into cardiac arrest.
321
00:17:01,758 --> 00:17:04,827
And so he straddled me
and started pummeling me
in the chest
322
00:17:04,862 --> 00:17:07,310
trying to stimulate my heart
to wake me back up,
323
00:17:07,344 --> 00:17:08,827
and it worked.
324
00:17:08,862 --> 00:17:11,379
And I woke up,
and I looked over,
325
00:17:11,413 --> 00:17:13,793
and my hand was gone.
326
00:17:14,379 --> 00:17:15,862
And I looked up,
327
00:17:15,896 --> 00:17:19,068
and Tommo was beating
the crap out of me.
328
00:17:19,103 --> 00:17:21,172
And I just thought,
"Today sucks."
329
00:17:25,931 --> 00:17:27,000
After the shark attack,
330
00:17:27,034 --> 00:17:28,241
the media was coming to me
331
00:17:28,275 --> 00:17:31,068
to talk about shark
interactions all around
Australia.
332
00:17:31,103 --> 00:17:32,551
And so I had to learn,
333
00:17:32,586 --> 00:17:34,206
so that I knew
what I was talking about.
334
00:17:34,241 --> 00:17:38,413
I can give an educated opinion
instead of just an opinion.
335
00:17:38,448 --> 00:17:40,103
And through doing
that research
336
00:17:40,137 --> 00:17:41,896
and building that knowledge
on sharks,
337
00:17:41,931 --> 00:17:44,103
I started to learn
about the plight of sharks,
338
00:17:44,137 --> 00:17:46,310
about how much strife
they're in,
339
00:17:46,344 --> 00:17:49,034
about what we do to them.
340
00:17:49,068 --> 00:17:52,068
And the old adage goes,
knowledge dispels fear,
341
00:17:52,103 --> 00:17:53,689
and that was so true for me.
342
00:18:09,965 --> 00:18:12,310
[Jonathan]
The title of the program
in New South Wales
343
00:18:12,344 --> 00:18:14,931
is the
Bather Protection Program.
344
00:18:14,965 --> 00:18:16,137
There is the
underlying message,
345
00:18:16,172 --> 00:18:17,344
"We're the government,
346
00:18:17,379 --> 00:18:21,620
and we are keeping you safe
from this big, scary thing."
347
00:18:21,655 --> 00:18:23,068
In Queensland,
348
00:18:23,103 --> 00:18:24,862
we call it
the Shark Control Program.
349
00:18:24,896 --> 00:18:27,206
I defy anyone
to control a shark.
350
00:18:27,241 --> 00:18:28,551
How do you control
351
00:18:28,586 --> 00:18:30,517
one of the greatest animals
in the ocean?
352
00:18:30,551 --> 00:18:32,034
How do you do that?
353
00:18:34,793 --> 00:18:36,827
[Dr. Leonardo]
So the Shark Control Program
in Queensland,
354
00:18:36,862 --> 00:18:38,448
and I hate using
the word "Control",
355
00:18:38,482 --> 00:18:40,172
because you cannot control
an animal.
356
00:18:40,206 --> 00:18:43,000
But for the lack
of a better phrase,
357
00:18:43,034 --> 00:18:45,517
the Shark Control Program
in Queensland as it stands,
358
00:18:45,551 --> 00:18:48,310
its intention is
to kill sharks, to cull them.
359
00:18:50,965 --> 00:18:53,827
My first time swimming
with a tiger shark
360
00:18:53,862 --> 00:18:56,310
was on a drumline
on the Gold Coast,
361
00:18:56,344 --> 00:19:00,241
and she was
362
00:19:00,275 --> 00:19:03,482
literally taking her
last breaths in front of us.
363
00:19:07,241 --> 00:19:09,793
She been hanging there
for quite some time.
364
00:19:09,827 --> 00:19:12,068
Uh, probably early hours
in the morning
365
00:19:12,103 --> 00:19:15,275
and she was suffocating
on this drumline
366
00:19:15,310 --> 00:19:18,586
and I was able to get
really close to her
367
00:19:18,620 --> 00:19:20,517
and I couldn't...
368
00:19:20,551 --> 00:19:24,137
Looking at the details
of this animal was insane,
369
00:19:24,172 --> 00:19:26,758
the patterns on their skin.
370
00:19:26,793 --> 00:19:29,620
And people always refer
to shark's eyes
371
00:19:29,655 --> 00:19:33,172
to be lifeless and soulless
and dark and black.
372
00:19:33,206 --> 00:19:37,655
But looking at her eyes,
they were light colored brown
373
00:19:37,689 --> 00:19:40,517
and they were
so beautiful and deep.
374
00:19:40,551 --> 00:19:42,758
You could be looking
into the eyes of a turtle
375
00:19:42,793 --> 00:19:44,620
or your own dog at home.
376
00:19:46,241 --> 00:19:48,758
That moment really made me
377
00:19:48,793 --> 00:19:50,620
feel connected
to these animals
378
00:19:50,655 --> 00:19:53,275
and made me realize that...
379
00:19:53,310 --> 00:19:55,068
they're just crying for help,
380
00:19:55,103 --> 00:19:58,689
and we're just endlessly
killing them out there.
381
00:19:58,724 --> 00:20:02,206
I've seen multiple tiger
sharks hooked on drumlines.
382
00:20:02,241 --> 00:20:05,103
In fact, the first one
that I ever saw in Australia
383
00:20:05,137 --> 00:20:06,758
was hooked on a drumline,
384
00:20:06,793 --> 00:20:09,620
and it was very difficult
for me to film
385
00:20:09,655 --> 00:20:12,517
because I got in the water
with it thinking it was dead,
386
00:20:12,551 --> 00:20:13,965
but then its eye
was still moving,
387
00:20:14,000 --> 00:20:16,241
so it was just this animal
that I'd always associated
388
00:20:16,275 --> 00:20:18,827
with such power
and presence in the ocean.
389
00:20:18,862 --> 00:20:21,103
And it was just like
laying there, dead.
390
00:20:21,137 --> 00:20:22,620
It was like
going into your yard
391
00:20:22,655 --> 00:20:25,965
and seeing your own pet dog
hooked up on a drumline.
392
00:20:26,000 --> 00:20:29,000
Most people talk about
getting in the water
with sharks for the first time
393
00:20:29,034 --> 00:20:32,068
and their hands are sweaty
and their heart's racing
and they're freaking out.
394
00:20:32,103 --> 00:20:34,310
That's exactly how I felt
when I got out of the water
395
00:20:34,344 --> 00:20:35,793
after filming a dead one.
396
00:20:35,827 --> 00:20:37,827
My heart was racing,
my hands were sweating.
397
00:20:37,862 --> 00:20:39,241
It was terrifying.
398
00:20:39,275 --> 00:20:41,344
It was the only time I've been
in the water with a shark
399
00:20:41,379 --> 00:20:44,517
that I was truly unable
to control my reaction.
400
00:20:44,551 --> 00:20:48,965
Seeing that animal dead
on a drumline was really sad
401
00:20:49,000 --> 00:20:50,379
and really horrific.
402
00:20:50,413 --> 00:20:53,137
And the saddest thing
about all of it
403
00:20:53,172 --> 00:20:54,517
is living in a country
404
00:20:54,551 --> 00:20:57,310
where people kind of
rooted that on
405
00:20:57,344 --> 00:20:58,620
and wanted that to happen,
406
00:20:58,655 --> 00:21:00,586
and in their eyes,
that was a good thing.
407
00:23:06,655 --> 00:23:08,793
[Bana]
For 83 years and counting,
408
00:23:08,827 --> 00:23:11,620
we've been running the world's
longest marine cull.
409
00:23:12,931 --> 00:23:15,620
These culling programs
off Australian shores
410
00:23:15,655 --> 00:23:19,724
add to the millions of sharks
killed globally each year.
411
00:23:19,758 --> 00:23:22,896
However,
unlike the fishing industry,
412
00:23:22,931 --> 00:23:25,551
these culling programs
specifically aim
413
00:23:25,586 --> 00:23:29,172
to kill some endangered
and protected species.
414
00:23:29,206 --> 00:23:30,896
Like the Great White.
415
00:23:32,000 --> 00:23:33,896
Unlike regular fishing,
416
00:23:33,931 --> 00:23:36,379
there are no size limits
in these culls.
417
00:23:36,413 --> 00:23:39,586
Making juveniles, who haven't
reached breeding age yet,
418
00:23:39,620 --> 00:23:41,551
fair game,
419
00:23:41,586 --> 00:23:44,586
decimating an already
threatened population
420
00:23:44,620 --> 00:23:46,344
in the name of safety.
421
00:23:55,000 --> 00:23:58,655
[Paul] I understand
that parents and surfers
422
00:23:58,689 --> 00:24:01,551
and everyone that frequents
the beach in Australia
423
00:24:01,586 --> 00:24:03,344
wants to remain safe.
424
00:24:03,379 --> 00:24:06,586
I don't want anyone
to get attacked either.
Trust me, it hurts.
425
00:24:06,620 --> 00:24:07,758
I don't want
anyone getting hurt.
426
00:24:07,793 --> 00:24:09,379
I don't want anyone dying.
427
00:24:09,413 --> 00:24:10,758
The problem that I have
428
00:24:10,793 --> 00:24:15,034
with the culling of sharks
around Australia is that...
429
00:24:15,068 --> 00:24:18,827
it's not a solution
by any means.
430
00:24:18,862 --> 00:24:22,413
It's a false sense
of security at best,
431
00:24:22,448 --> 00:24:25,862
which is only lulling people
more into the ocean
432
00:24:25,896 --> 00:24:27,413
to risk their lives.
433
00:24:27,448 --> 00:24:29,793
The nets that they have
around Australia,
434
00:24:29,827 --> 00:24:32,689
especially Queensland
and New South Wales,
435
00:24:32,724 --> 00:24:34,793
they don't go to the bottom
of the ocean,
436
00:24:34,827 --> 00:24:36,586
they don't go
to the top of the water,
437
00:24:36,620 --> 00:24:38,413
they don't span
the whole beach.
438
00:24:38,448 --> 00:24:41,724
The sharks can swim around it,
over it, and under it,
439
00:24:41,758 --> 00:24:43,793
and there's nothing
stopping them
440
00:24:43,827 --> 00:24:45,448
from getting to the beach.
441
00:24:45,482 --> 00:24:47,137
Now I understand
they've put them in there
442
00:24:47,172 --> 00:24:49,827
to maybe take out
a few of the sharks
443
00:24:49,862 --> 00:24:51,000
that are hanging around,
444
00:24:51,034 --> 00:24:56,310
but sharks don't domesticate
one area, they migrate.
445
00:24:56,344 --> 00:24:59,413
These sharks that are swimming
through Australian waters,
446
00:24:59,448 --> 00:25:02,448
especially the Great Whites
that we're killing,
447
00:25:02,482 --> 00:25:04,827
they don't belong
to Australia.
448
00:25:04,862 --> 00:25:08,551
They'll swim...
They've been known to swim
all the way to Hawaii.
449
00:25:08,586 --> 00:25:10,620
They swim all the way
down the coast,
450
00:25:10,655 --> 00:25:12,310
all the way down
to New Zealand.
451
00:25:12,344 --> 00:25:14,034
They interbreed down there.
452
00:25:14,068 --> 00:25:16,275
They swim back up the coast,
they follow the whales,
453
00:25:16,310 --> 00:25:17,517
they follow the fish.
454
00:25:17,551 --> 00:25:19,344
They're the ocean sharks.
They're the world's sharks.
455
00:25:19,379 --> 00:25:22,034
They're not Australia's
property to kill.
456
00:25:22,068 --> 00:25:23,241
And this is what happens
457
00:25:23,275 --> 00:25:25,241
when you have
government ministers
458
00:25:25,275 --> 00:25:26,793
running departments
459
00:25:26,827 --> 00:25:29,068
that they have
no education in,
460
00:25:29,103 --> 00:25:30,344
no background in,
461
00:25:30,379 --> 00:25:32,275
and don't know
what they're doing.
462
00:25:32,310 --> 00:25:35,931
They just pander to the
loudest common denominator.
463
00:25:35,965 --> 00:25:37,137
And that's usually the people
464
00:25:37,172 --> 00:25:39,965
calling for the death
of animals, especially sharks.
465
00:25:43,413 --> 00:25:46,517
So anecdotally, what you hear
from a lot of people
466
00:25:46,551 --> 00:25:48,586
that are out on the water
a lot, from fishermen,
and such,
467
00:25:48,620 --> 00:25:50,448
is that sharks
are in plague proportions.
468
00:25:50,482 --> 00:25:53,172
And what we need to remember
that these are very
intelligent animals
469
00:25:53,206 --> 00:25:55,862
that have an ecological
feeding plasticity
470
00:25:55,896 --> 00:25:58,965
that can change their behavior
and follow this salmon
run here
471
00:25:59,000 --> 00:26:00,620
or go over here
when they need to.
472
00:26:00,655 --> 00:26:02,827
They've been around
for 350 million years
473
00:26:02,862 --> 00:26:05,379
perfecting the ability
to change their behavior
474
00:26:05,413 --> 00:26:09,137
for high success
feeding opportunities.
475
00:26:09,172 --> 00:26:11,103
And now fishermen
and fishing boats
476
00:26:11,137 --> 00:26:13,758
provide that high success
feeding opportunity.
477
00:26:13,793 --> 00:26:17,241
So the fact that there's
a massive decline of sharks
478
00:26:17,275 --> 00:26:19,379
and that fishermen
are seeing many of them
around their boats
479
00:26:19,413 --> 00:26:21,517
are not mutually exclusive.
480
00:26:21,551 --> 00:26:23,965
Fishermen can see many,
many sharks around their boats
481
00:26:24,000 --> 00:26:26,551
because they know
that this is where
they can get an easy feed.
482
00:26:26,586 --> 00:26:29,586
However, shark scientists
everywhere around the world,
483
00:26:29,620 --> 00:26:31,068
including the east coast
of Australia,
484
00:26:31,103 --> 00:26:33,517
will tell you
that sharks are dwindling.
485
00:26:33,551 --> 00:26:35,689
Sharks are in major decline
and have been
486
00:26:35,724 --> 00:26:37,413
for about the last
50 to 60 years.
487
00:26:42,000 --> 00:26:44,620
[Jonathan]
We know that the general
population of sharks
488
00:26:44,655 --> 00:26:46,758
has been in great decline,
489
00:26:46,793 --> 00:26:49,344
and there is science
absolutely backing that.
490
00:26:49,379 --> 00:26:51,931
We know that tiger sharks
on the Queensland coast
491
00:26:51,965 --> 00:26:53,620
since 1962,
492
00:26:53,655 --> 00:26:56,310
the science is saying
around about 73% decline,
493
00:26:56,344 --> 00:26:58,000
which is absolutely massive.
494
00:27:10,758 --> 00:27:14,551
Hearing numbers
like 70 to 100 million sharks
are killed every year.
495
00:27:14,586 --> 00:27:17,862
And the big one that got me
was that in 30 years,
496
00:27:17,896 --> 00:27:20,413
we've killed 90-95%
497
00:27:20,448 --> 00:27:22,344
of the world's shark
population.
498
00:27:22,379 --> 00:27:24,241
In 30 years, like...
499
00:27:24,275 --> 00:27:25,827
What's gonna happen
in another 30 years?
500
00:27:25,862 --> 00:27:26,896
They're gone, right?
501
00:27:26,931 --> 00:27:28,310
You know, when you hear
those kind of numbers,
502
00:27:28,344 --> 00:27:30,482
you're like, "Whoa, what?
You know, rewind."
503
00:27:32,689 --> 00:27:36,517
[Bana]
Programs like this
are a global anomaly.
504
00:27:36,551 --> 00:27:38,310
Only two other countries
on earth
505
00:27:38,344 --> 00:27:42,793
operate culling programs,
South Africa and France.
506
00:27:42,827 --> 00:27:44,241
That's it.
507
00:27:44,275 --> 00:27:47,275
Everywhere else in the world,
it's understood.
508
00:27:47,310 --> 00:27:49,793
Their home, your risk.
509
00:27:53,379 --> 00:27:54,724
There's another chain
of islands
510
00:27:54,758 --> 00:27:57,689
all alone in the middle
of the Pacific Ocean
511
00:27:57,724 --> 00:28:00,827
that is confronted by these
very same challenges.
512
00:28:02,000 --> 00:28:03,517
A paradise where sharks
513
00:28:03,551 --> 00:28:06,655
carry a strong
cultural significance,
514
00:28:06,689 --> 00:28:08,758
held sacred by many families
515
00:28:08,793 --> 00:28:12,034
as their ancestral
spirit guides.
516
00:28:12,068 --> 00:28:15,344
Traditionally respected
but not feared.
517
00:28:16,896 --> 00:28:18,172
Hawaii.
518
00:28:22,724 --> 00:28:24,551
It's so sad and unfortunate
519
00:28:24,586 --> 00:28:27,551
that even in Hawaii, um,
multiple decades ago,
520
00:28:27,586 --> 00:28:29,103
they actually culled sharks,
521
00:28:29,137 --> 00:28:31,931
some of the methods
being nets or drumlines.
522
00:28:31,965 --> 00:28:34,172
And it was scientifically
documented in study
523
00:28:34,206 --> 00:28:36,965
to show that it does nothing
to reduce the number
524
00:28:37,000 --> 00:28:38,689
of adverse interactions.
525
00:28:38,724 --> 00:28:42,241
And so we've scientifically
proven that culling
is not effective
526
00:28:42,275 --> 00:28:44,655
and can actually attract
sharks closer to shore.
527
00:28:46,344 --> 00:28:51,206
[Juan] Back in '91,
there was a series
of mistaken identity bites,
528
00:28:51,241 --> 00:28:52,482
so about seven.
529
00:28:52,517 --> 00:28:54,206
And no fatalities,
530
00:28:54,241 --> 00:28:56,586
but it was within,
like, a three-month span.
531
00:28:56,620 --> 00:28:59,758
So the community,
especially here
on the North Shore of Oahu,
532
00:28:59,793 --> 00:29:01,344
was really concerned,
533
00:29:01,379 --> 00:29:04,620
and it kind of sparked a cull,
you know, and...
534
00:29:04,655 --> 00:29:07,758
I was just a kid at the time,
but it was a scary time.
535
00:29:07,793 --> 00:29:09,344
It was just the fear
throughout the community,
536
00:29:09,379 --> 00:29:10,965
and it's probably similar
to in certain parts
537
00:29:11,000 --> 00:29:12,827
what's going on
in Australia right now,
538
00:29:12,862 --> 00:29:14,689
but it was really sad.
539
00:29:14,724 --> 00:29:15,965
I mean, they killed...
540
00:29:16,000 --> 00:29:18,689
I think that estimated
at the time
that they were done
541
00:29:18,724 --> 00:29:21,482
in that year period,
they killed
over 500 tiger sharks.
542
00:29:21,517 --> 00:29:23,517
So it was really bad.
543
00:29:24,724 --> 00:29:27,000
The really nice thing
about that period though,
544
00:29:27,034 --> 00:29:30,793
a scientist named Carl Meyers
was doing a study on it.
545
00:29:30,827 --> 00:29:34,758
And he proved that culling
was actually not effective.
546
00:29:34,793 --> 00:29:38,172
And in fact, when you take out
a large apex predator
547
00:29:38,206 --> 00:29:39,482
like a tiger shark,
548
00:29:39,517 --> 00:29:42,241
which is a very
territorial animal
and nomadic species,
549
00:29:42,275 --> 00:29:44,586
you're actually
reducing that area
550
00:29:44,620 --> 00:29:47,758
to allow more smaller
juvenile sharks.
551
00:29:47,793 --> 00:29:50,620
And the larger sharks
are actually a lot more
knowledgeable
552
00:29:50,655 --> 00:29:52,827
about what's a food source,
what's not a food source.
553
00:29:52,862 --> 00:29:55,034
So in essence,
you're bringing
these teenagers in
554
00:29:55,068 --> 00:29:57,103
that are still trying
to figure out what's going on.
555
00:29:57,137 --> 00:29:59,068
And those are the ones
making the mistakes,
556
00:29:59,103 --> 00:30:02,965
not these big, large,
beautiful females
or adult tiger sharks,
557
00:30:03,000 --> 00:30:05,758
and so it was making
the situation worse
558
00:30:05,793 --> 00:30:08,344
by killing the large sharks.
559
00:30:08,379 --> 00:30:09,551
So growing up with that fear,
560
00:30:09,586 --> 00:30:12,413
it's so interesting to see
where I'm at today,
561
00:30:12,448 --> 00:30:14,724
you know, and my whole life
kind of feels like
562
00:30:14,758 --> 00:30:16,620
it's been about protecting
an animal that I grew up
563
00:30:16,655 --> 00:30:18,448
so petrified of.
564
00:30:19,862 --> 00:30:21,482
[Ocean]
And so we've used
that research
565
00:30:21,517 --> 00:30:24,896
to try and push,
and more so the community
and conservation efforts,
566
00:30:24,931 --> 00:30:28,655
to push, to ban the purposeful
killing of sharks and rays.
567
00:30:28,689 --> 00:30:31,758
And, um,
in the last few years,
568
00:30:31,793 --> 00:30:34,413
this push for protection
for sharks
569
00:30:34,448 --> 00:30:36,931
has been met
by some opposition
570
00:30:36,965 --> 00:30:38,551
at different levels.
571
00:30:38,586 --> 00:30:40,655
The first level
was financially.
572
00:30:40,689 --> 00:30:42,517
Could they actually
enforce the law?
573
00:30:42,551 --> 00:30:44,172
We address that
through support,
574
00:30:44,206 --> 00:30:45,931
through ecotourism.
575
00:30:45,965 --> 00:30:49,586
And so actually taking
a very small percentage
of money
576
00:30:49,620 --> 00:30:51,896
from people who want
to go see a live shark
577
00:30:51,931 --> 00:30:54,103
and that could easily
fund that bill.
578
00:30:54,137 --> 00:30:55,517
So it's really...
579
00:30:55,551 --> 00:30:58,379
It's tough working
in the political systems,
580
00:30:58,413 --> 00:31:00,551
but it is possible,
and every year,
581
00:31:00,586 --> 00:31:03,931
the number of people
in support of these bills
is growing.
582
00:31:11,448 --> 00:31:16,896
[Bana] Until now,
these programs have operated
under a veil of secrecy.
583
00:31:16,931 --> 00:31:21,172
They have successfully
avoided intense scrutiny
from the public eye.
584
00:31:21,206 --> 00:31:23,241
Some politicians are adamant
585
00:31:23,275 --> 00:31:25,965
that these programs
keep swimmers safe,
586
00:31:26,000 --> 00:31:30,137
citing the low number
of fatalities at beaches
where culling occurs.
587
00:31:31,068 --> 00:31:33,551
But has it really
saved human lives
588
00:31:33,586 --> 00:31:36,586
by killing hundreds
of thousands of sharks?
589
00:31:44,137 --> 00:31:49,137
The Great Barrier Reef.
An Australian icon.
590
00:31:49,172 --> 00:31:52,310
So remarkable
you can see it from space.
591
00:31:52,344 --> 00:31:54,724
The jewel in our marine crown.
592
00:31:54,758 --> 00:31:57,724
It is the world's largest
coral reef ecosystem,
593
00:31:57,758 --> 00:32:00,827
home to thousands
of unique species.
594
00:32:00,862 --> 00:32:04,620
It's one of the best known
natural wonders of the world,
595
00:32:04,655 --> 00:32:06,103
already under threat
596
00:32:06,137 --> 00:32:08,965
from warming
and acidifying oceans.
597
00:32:09,000 --> 00:32:12,000
It's important to know
how critical sharks are
598
00:32:12,034 --> 00:32:15,206
to keeping this fragile
ecosystem alive
599
00:32:15,241 --> 00:32:18,724
and just how dangerous
it could be to remove them.
600
00:32:26,241 --> 00:32:28,586
[Dr. Leonardo]
Austrians love
the Great Barrier Reef.
601
00:32:28,620 --> 00:32:30,034
I mean, intuitively,
instinctively.
602
00:32:30,068 --> 00:32:32,241
You know you can feel it.
I'm thinking it right now.
603
00:32:32,275 --> 00:32:33,758
I just say Great Barrier Reef
and I'm like,
604
00:32:33,793 --> 00:32:35,931
"Yes, Australia."
605
00:32:35,965 --> 00:32:40,379
But how to articulate
that into words...
606
00:32:40,413 --> 00:32:41,655
I think that's actually
the beauty of it.
607
00:32:41,689 --> 00:32:43,379
The fact that you can't
really articulate it.
608
00:32:43,413 --> 00:32:45,413
It's magical and mystical.
609
00:32:45,448 --> 00:32:47,517
I think that's why people
love the Great Barrier Reef,
610
00:32:47,551 --> 00:32:49,206
and when you do get
a chance to see it,
611
00:32:49,241 --> 00:32:51,034
I mean, aside from pictures
and videos...
612
00:32:51,068 --> 00:32:53,068
When you do get
a chance to see it,
613
00:32:53,103 --> 00:32:55,344
it's mind blowing.
614
00:33:12,965 --> 00:33:16,034
The Great Barrier Reef
Outlook Report 2019
615
00:33:16,068 --> 00:33:19,034
is a report that's done
every five years.
616
00:33:19,068 --> 00:33:21,862
And it assesses the health
of the Great Barrier Reef,
617
00:33:21,896 --> 00:33:24,551
uh, the pressures,
the challenges it faces,
618
00:33:24,586 --> 00:33:26,068
the gaps in our knowledge,
619
00:33:26,103 --> 00:33:29,482
and also it gives
a bit of a projection
of its likely future.
620
00:33:29,517 --> 00:33:30,896
Unfortunately,
621
00:33:30,931 --> 00:33:33,310
the latest report
has downgraded
the Great Barrier Reef
622
00:33:33,344 --> 00:33:36,137
from being in poor health
to very poor health.
623
00:33:39,551 --> 00:33:41,655
It identified as a key threat
624
00:33:41,689 --> 00:33:43,896
to the resilience
and health of the reef
625
00:33:43,931 --> 00:33:47,034
uh, the removal of predators,
top-level predators,
626
00:33:47,068 --> 00:33:48,620
and that includes your sharks,
627
00:33:48,655 --> 00:33:51,275
and there's an issue
with some species
628
00:33:51,310 --> 00:33:52,827
uh, that are under
considerable threat.
629
00:33:54,862 --> 00:33:57,482
[Holly]
Sharks play a vital role
in an ecosystem.
630
00:33:57,517 --> 00:34:01,379
And by taking out sharks
off the Great Barrier Reef,
631
00:34:01,413 --> 00:34:03,517
we're gonna see
dramatic effects
632
00:34:03,551 --> 00:34:04,793
so we're gonna see impacts
633
00:34:04,827 --> 00:34:07,310
on even the lowest
of levels with corals
634
00:34:07,344 --> 00:34:10,000
and the amount of algae
that grows on the corals.
635
00:34:11,379 --> 00:34:12,862
[Dr. Leonardo]
If we take out the sharks,
636
00:34:12,896 --> 00:34:15,689
your middle fish
explode in numbers,
637
00:34:15,724 --> 00:34:18,896
and these middle fish
are sometimes herbivores,
638
00:34:18,931 --> 00:34:21,827
so they might eat
the algae off coral,
639
00:34:21,862 --> 00:34:24,206
munch on the coral
or animals around the coral.
640
00:34:24,241 --> 00:34:27,689
And if their numbers
essentially grow unchecked,
641
00:34:27,724 --> 00:34:29,586
then all of a sudden,
the coral is experiencing
642
00:34:29,620 --> 00:34:31,655
a lot of pressure
it otherwise wasn't under.
643
00:34:31,689 --> 00:34:33,551
Then, the herbivores
have got nothing left to eat,
644
00:34:33,586 --> 00:34:35,862
and then
they kind of fall apart.
645
00:34:38,758 --> 00:34:40,482
The sharks actually perform
646
00:34:40,517 --> 00:34:42,620
more than just
a predatory role.
647
00:34:42,655 --> 00:34:44,517
Uh, it's quite complex
how they work
648
00:34:44,551 --> 00:34:45,931
for an ecosystem.
649
00:34:45,965 --> 00:34:47,620
Um, Sharks also modify
650
00:34:47,655 --> 00:34:50,275
the behavior of other animals
in the system.
651
00:34:50,310 --> 00:34:52,827
So a great example,
652
00:34:52,862 --> 00:34:54,655
looking at tiger sharks
and dugongs,
653
00:34:54,689 --> 00:34:57,482
what the tiger shark does
is it comes into an area.
654
00:34:57,517 --> 00:34:59,896
The dugong is happily
munching away on seagrass
655
00:34:59,931 --> 00:35:02,551
around a reef ecosystem,
a coastal ecosystem,
656
00:35:02,586 --> 00:35:03,689
a seagrass meadow or wherever.
657
00:35:03,724 --> 00:35:04,931
It's happily munching away,
658
00:35:04,965 --> 00:35:07,206
getting its fill,
not a care in the world.
659
00:35:07,241 --> 00:35:08,965
The moment
it senses or notices
660
00:35:09,000 --> 00:35:10,241
a tiger shark in the area,
661
00:35:10,275 --> 00:35:11,896
all of a sudden
it's on its toes.
662
00:35:11,931 --> 00:35:13,896
Um, it stops eating,
663
00:35:13,931 --> 00:35:15,172
and it might dart off
somewhere else
664
00:35:15,206 --> 00:35:16,310
and eat a little bit there,
665
00:35:16,344 --> 00:35:19,034
'cause it's now more concerned
about being eaten itself
666
00:35:19,068 --> 00:35:20,689
than eating seagrass.
667
00:35:23,517 --> 00:35:27,275
So seagrass actually stores
more carbon than rainforests.
668
00:35:27,310 --> 00:35:28,793
What the tiger shark is doing
669
00:35:28,827 --> 00:35:31,482
by modifying or changing
the behavior of the dugong,
670
00:35:31,517 --> 00:35:33,344
one, it's looking
after the little guys,
671
00:35:33,379 --> 00:35:34,517
so these fish can grow up
672
00:35:34,551 --> 00:35:35,896
and venture out
into the ocean,
673
00:35:35,931 --> 00:35:37,965
and two, it's helping us
fight climate change.
674
00:35:38,000 --> 00:35:39,793
So the tiger shark
protecting the seagrass,
675
00:35:39,827 --> 00:35:42,068
it's ensuring that we have
a good carbon store.
676
00:35:45,137 --> 00:35:47,827
[Holly]
We can't just take
one species
677
00:35:47,862 --> 00:35:51,827
or one type of animal
out of an ecosystem
678
00:35:51,862 --> 00:35:54,137
and expect the rest
to function normally.
679
00:35:54,172 --> 00:35:56,241
It all interlinks
with each other
680
00:35:56,275 --> 00:35:58,344
and taking the sharks out,
681
00:35:58,379 --> 00:36:01,241
you're actually gonna have
a really big impact
682
00:36:01,275 --> 00:36:04,931
on the coral reef
and that impacts
our tourism in Australia.
683
00:36:04,965 --> 00:36:06,103
We have a lot of people
684
00:36:06,137 --> 00:36:07,931
that wanna see
the Great Barrier Reef,
685
00:36:07,965 --> 00:36:10,931
but by taking sharks out
of that ecosystem,
686
00:36:10,965 --> 00:36:12,586
it's not gonna be the same.
687
00:36:13,965 --> 00:36:15,689
[Dr. Leonardo]
We've had some studies
come out that show
688
00:36:15,724 --> 00:36:18,793
that having sharks on the reef
689
00:36:18,827 --> 00:36:21,344
boosts not only the kinds
of fish you find there
690
00:36:21,379 --> 00:36:23,172
but just the absolute
numbers of fish
691
00:36:23,206 --> 00:36:24,275
by having sharks there.
692
00:36:24,310 --> 00:36:27,068
And it's one of the reasons
why reef areas
693
00:36:27,103 --> 00:36:29,344
are particularly
popular with fishers,
694
00:36:29,379 --> 00:36:30,482
both commercial
and recreational,
695
00:36:30,517 --> 00:36:31,931
'cause there are
a lot of fish,
696
00:36:31,965 --> 00:36:33,379
and the sizes of fish
are reasonably decent.
697
00:36:33,413 --> 00:36:35,896
And to have that support
on a reef ecosystem,
698
00:36:35,931 --> 00:36:37,344
you need sharks.
699
00:36:45,758 --> 00:36:48,137
[Madison Stewart]
So when I was
about 12 years old,
700
00:36:48,172 --> 00:36:50,724
I did my first ever trip
to the Great Barrier Reef.
701
00:36:50,758 --> 00:36:53,413
And there was this one spot
where my dad and I
702
00:36:53,448 --> 00:36:55,000
would get in the water
for a night dive.
703
00:36:55,034 --> 00:36:56,655
And we'd wait
for the divers to leave
704
00:36:56,689 --> 00:36:58,793
and we'd stay under the boats
'cause the boats
had these big floodlights
705
00:36:58,827 --> 00:37:00,413
that would bring
all the little fish around
706
00:37:00,448 --> 00:37:03,137
and then all the sharks
would come around
to eat these little fish.
707
00:37:03,172 --> 00:37:05,620
So there was
about 20 to 30 little
Grey Reef Sharks
708
00:37:05,655 --> 00:37:07,034
behind the back of the boat.
709
00:37:07,068 --> 00:37:08,724
And I used to do this thing
where I would breathe
710
00:37:08,758 --> 00:37:10,275
really heavy
in my SCUBA equipment
711
00:37:10,310 --> 00:37:11,758
and accelerate my heart rate.
712
00:37:11,793 --> 00:37:13,379
And the sharks
would pick up on that,
713
00:37:13,413 --> 00:37:16,586
and they would come in
and start, like, buzzing me
and getting all excited.
714
00:37:16,620 --> 00:37:18,517
And that was like
this little game
I played with them.
715
00:37:18,551 --> 00:37:21,758
It was the first time
that I really had an amazing
connection with sharks.
716
00:37:21,793 --> 00:37:25,655
But the very next year,
I came back to that same spot,
717
00:37:25,689 --> 00:37:28,310
the same reef, the same dive,
same time of year,
718
00:37:28,344 --> 00:37:29,827
and there were
no sharks there.
719
00:37:29,862 --> 00:37:31,827
There was like one shark
in the distance
720
00:37:31,862 --> 00:37:33,689
too scared to come close
to the light.
721
00:37:33,724 --> 00:37:37,000
And that for me
kind of woke me up
a little bit.
722
00:37:37,034 --> 00:37:38,620
And when I turned 14,
723
00:37:38,655 --> 00:37:40,689
I really started
to focus on things
724
00:37:40,724 --> 00:37:42,103
that were happening
in my own backyard,
725
00:37:42,137 --> 00:37:44,413
which was
the Great Barrier Reef
where I grew up diving,
726
00:37:44,448 --> 00:37:46,275
and I had no idea
that there were things
727
00:37:46,310 --> 00:37:49,137
threatening
what I always thought
was a Marine Park.
728
00:37:51,103 --> 00:37:52,931
Queensland...
729
00:37:54,137 --> 00:37:56,034
They're just killing sharks.
730
00:37:56,068 --> 00:37:57,758
They've got drumlines
731
00:37:57,793 --> 00:38:00,275
in the Great Barrier Reef
Marine Park.
732
00:38:01,586 --> 00:38:05,310
One of the seven natural
wonders of the world.
733
00:38:05,344 --> 00:38:08,620
We're not just fishing it
and wiping it out.
734
00:38:08,655 --> 00:38:10,275
We're not just
coral bleaching it
735
00:38:10,310 --> 00:38:11,517
and wiping it out.
736
00:38:11,551 --> 00:38:15,068
We're killing the doctors
of the reef.
737
00:38:15,103 --> 00:38:18,724
The animals that keep
the whole ecosystem
in check.
738
00:38:18,758 --> 00:38:20,310
Now what does that tell you
739
00:38:20,344 --> 00:38:22,310
about the future
of our Great Barrier Reef
740
00:38:22,344 --> 00:38:23,896
in our Australian waters?
741
00:38:29,379 --> 00:38:33,793
[Bana] As politicians
debate human lives
versus shark lives,
742
00:38:33,827 --> 00:38:37,068
protecting our ocean
versus tourism dollars,
743
00:38:37,103 --> 00:38:39,758
there is something
we've all been missing.
744
00:38:39,793 --> 00:38:43,000
One simple question
in this whole culling debate
745
00:38:43,034 --> 00:38:46,241
that has only
very recently been asked.
746
00:38:46,275 --> 00:38:48,034
Is it even legal?
747
00:38:53,137 --> 00:38:54,482
[Lawrence Chlebeck]
So a few years back,
748
00:38:54,517 --> 00:38:57,655
the Great Barrier Reef
Marine Park Authority
issued a permit
749
00:38:57,689 --> 00:38:59,827
for Queensland's
Agriculture and Fisheries
750
00:38:59,862 --> 00:39:02,344
to operate
173 lethal drumlines
751
00:39:02,379 --> 00:39:04,379
within the boundaries
of the Great Barrier Reef
Marine Park.
752
00:39:06,206 --> 00:39:08,482
So we had a look
at that permit and we realized
753
00:39:08,517 --> 00:39:11,862
that allowing the lethal take
of apex predators
754
00:39:11,896 --> 00:39:13,620
within a World Heritage Area,
755
00:39:13,655 --> 00:39:15,206
Great Barrier Reef
Marine Park,
756
00:39:15,241 --> 00:39:17,827
was in direct violation
757
00:39:17,862 --> 00:39:19,758
of the Great Barrier Reef
Marine Park's mandate
758
00:39:19,793 --> 00:39:23,241
to protect the ecological
viability of the reef.
759
00:39:27,758 --> 00:39:30,827
We had a look at that permit,
and we're trying to
investigate
760
00:39:30,862 --> 00:39:33,689
if there was any legal
recourse we could take
to challenge that.
761
00:39:33,724 --> 00:39:36,379
So we called our good friends,
the Environmental
Defenders Office,
762
00:39:36,413 --> 00:39:38,344
we attempted to find
a middle ground
763
00:39:38,379 --> 00:39:40,965
with Queensland Fisheries
and were unable to do so.
764
00:39:41,000 --> 00:39:43,034
And that's when we learned
765
00:39:43,068 --> 00:39:45,655
that within the bounds
of the Administrative Appeals
Tribunal,
766
00:39:45,689 --> 00:39:47,448
we would be able
to challenge that permit.
767
00:39:57,551 --> 00:40:00,551
In court,
we built our argument
around two facets.
768
00:40:00,586 --> 00:40:03,448
The first of which is that
removing apex predators
769
00:40:03,482 --> 00:40:06,551
from a World Heritage Area
and protected ecosystem
770
00:40:06,586 --> 00:40:09,344
is not a good way to protect
that ecosystem.
771
00:40:09,379 --> 00:40:12,344
And second of all,
and probably most importantly,
772
00:40:12,379 --> 00:40:16,655
is that shark culling
has no impact
on swimmer safety.
773
00:40:16,689 --> 00:40:18,551
The Queensland Department
of Agriculture and Fisheries'
774
00:40:18,586 --> 00:40:20,931
own expert witness
admitted on the stand
775
00:40:20,965 --> 00:40:22,137
that if the lethal component
776
00:40:22,172 --> 00:40:24,206
of the Shark Control Program
was ended tomorrow,
777
00:40:24,241 --> 00:40:26,034
it would have no impact
on swimmer safety.
778
00:40:28,448 --> 00:40:30,724
We got a ten minute heads-up
from our lawyers
779
00:40:30,758 --> 00:40:32,793
that the decision
was coming down.
780
00:40:32,827 --> 00:40:36,310
And so it's ten minutes
of stressful waiting,
781
00:40:36,344 --> 00:40:39,931
and then, when we finally
get the document
and we're reading through it,
782
00:40:39,965 --> 00:40:42,344
not completely understanding
the technical jargon,
783
00:40:42,379 --> 00:40:46,275
and then we're all coming
at the same time slowly
to this realization,
784
00:40:46,310 --> 00:40:48,344
holy [inaudible],
we won.
785
00:40:48,379 --> 00:40:51,793
Sharks caught on drumlines
will no longer be killed
786
00:40:51,827 --> 00:40:53,517
but tagged and released
787
00:40:53,551 --> 00:40:55,310
following a significant
court win
788
00:40:55,344 --> 00:40:57,000
by environmentalists.
789
00:40:57,034 --> 00:40:59,827
While the ruling is limited
to the Great Barrier Reef
for now,
790
00:40:59,862 --> 00:41:02,655
experts want
the decision expanded.
791
00:41:02,689 --> 00:41:05,448
[Lawrence] The tribunal
found the evidence
792
00:41:05,482 --> 00:41:10,000
that shark culling
had no scientific basis
793
00:41:10,034 --> 00:41:15,068
and had no proof
to be reducing the risk
of shark bite,
794
00:41:15,103 --> 00:41:16,758
and that this program
795
00:41:16,793 --> 00:41:19,586
was negatively
impacting the health
of the Great Barrier Reef.
796
00:41:19,620 --> 00:41:24,137
They found evidence
to those points to be,
quote, "Overwhelming".
797
00:41:24,172 --> 00:41:25,793
And in any other circumstance,
798
00:41:25,827 --> 00:41:27,620
this would have been
a Hollywood mic drop,
799
00:41:27,655 --> 00:41:28,793
end-of-the-movie moment.
800
00:41:33,206 --> 00:41:34,965
[Dr. Leonardo] The Queensland
government's reaction,
801
00:41:36,103 --> 00:41:38,241
I don't know
how to describe it.
802
00:41:38,275 --> 00:41:41,103
It seemed very odd.
803
00:41:41,137 --> 00:41:43,931
There's an opportunity
to move forward, and...
804
00:41:45,034 --> 00:41:46,241
they stalled.
805
00:41:46,275 --> 00:41:49,310
We need to ensure
that we're putting people
before sharks.
806
00:41:49,344 --> 00:41:52,931
[man 1] The government
agrees, announcing
its plans to appeal.
807
00:41:52,965 --> 00:41:55,896
[man 2] We will always
put human life first.
808
00:41:55,931 --> 00:41:58,827
The community
expectations, uh,
809
00:41:58,862 --> 00:42:01,448
that their beaches are kept
as safe as possible.
810
00:42:01,482 --> 00:42:02,862
Since 1962,
811
00:42:02,896 --> 00:42:05,517
there has been one fatality,
that says it all to me.
812
00:42:10,034 --> 00:42:12,586
So Queensland
had this golden opportunity
813
00:42:12,620 --> 00:42:13,965
to take this decision
814
00:42:14,000 --> 00:42:17,172
and really implement
some sweeping changes
across the program
815
00:42:17,206 --> 00:42:19,758
that were better gonna
protect the public,
816
00:42:19,793 --> 00:42:22,517
better protect the ocean,
better protect the reef.
817
00:42:22,551 --> 00:42:24,896
But instead,
they really doubled down
on their position,
818
00:42:24,931 --> 00:42:27,586
and I guess
this is just indicative
819
00:42:27,620 --> 00:42:29,689
of what we see all over
the world in politics today.
820
00:42:29,724 --> 00:42:31,551
Politicians are doubling down
821
00:42:31,586 --> 00:42:34,758
on what they said
in the beginning and digging
themselves in holes
822
00:42:34,793 --> 00:42:35,931
further and further.
823
00:42:35,965 --> 00:42:39,000
And shark culling
is no stranger to this.
824
00:42:39,034 --> 00:42:41,655
And it'll be so important,
this federal appeal,
825
00:42:41,689 --> 00:42:45,482
as in if we can win that,
we'll really give them
no other option.
826
00:42:47,068 --> 00:42:48,620
[Bana] Inspite of all this,
827
00:42:48,655 --> 00:42:51,310
the Queensland Government
continues to refuse
828
00:42:51,344 --> 00:42:55,068
to follow the overwhelming
evidence uncovered
in this case.
829
00:42:55,103 --> 00:42:58,586
Instead, simply moving
every single drumline
830
00:42:58,620 --> 00:43:01,517
they were forced to remove
from the Marine Park
831
00:43:01,551 --> 00:43:03,827
to just outside its borders.
832
00:43:05,310 --> 00:43:06,793
At the turn of the millennium,
833
00:43:06,827 --> 00:43:10,241
the Environment
Protection and Biodiversity
Conservation Act
834
00:43:10,275 --> 00:43:11,896
was introduced,
835
00:43:11,931 --> 00:43:16,103
requiring any activities
harming protected species,
836
00:43:16,137 --> 00:43:19,344
like the culling of great
whites, to seek approval.
837
00:43:21,344 --> 00:43:25,172
Due to a loophole in the Act,
anything lawful taking place
838
00:43:25,206 --> 00:43:28,655
prior to the introduction
of the Act can continue,
839
00:43:28,689 --> 00:43:31,551
free from any formal
approval process,
840
00:43:31,586 --> 00:43:33,724
so long as it doesn't expand.
841
00:43:35,758 --> 00:43:38,931
New South Wales have held
their end of the bargain,
842
00:43:38,965 --> 00:43:41,000
keeping their program
the same size,
843
00:43:41,034 --> 00:43:44,793
51 beaches,
since the year 2000.
844
00:43:44,827 --> 00:43:47,620
But Queensland
continues to push its luck
845
00:43:47,655 --> 00:43:48,862
with the law.
846
00:43:48,896 --> 00:43:51,241
They have expanded
and intensified
847
00:43:51,275 --> 00:43:53,482
the Shark Control Program
significantly
848
00:43:53,517 --> 00:43:55,517
in the past 20 years,
849
00:43:55,551 --> 00:43:57,689
breaching the very loophole
850
00:43:57,724 --> 00:44:01,275
they used to avoid
needing official approval.
851
00:44:01,310 --> 00:44:05,068
And they are suffering
zero consequences.
852
00:44:05,103 --> 00:44:08,310
This could well be
the next legal challenge
to culling.
853
00:44:13,310 --> 00:44:14,827
[man 1 speaking indistinctly]
854
00:44:14,862 --> 00:44:16,689
[man 2]
Just come back here
with that camera for a minute,
855
00:44:16,724 --> 00:44:17,827
please, I haven't finished.
856
00:44:17,862 --> 00:44:18,827
[man 1]
She's got certain...
857
00:44:18,862 --> 00:44:20,103
[overlapping chatter]
858
00:44:20,137 --> 00:44:21,827
[man 1] ...concerns about
the safety of the operation.
859
00:44:21,862 --> 00:44:23,310
[man 2]
Oh, I want that camera.
860
00:44:23,344 --> 00:44:26,655
[o overlapping chatter]
861
00:44:26,689 --> 00:44:30,448
[man 1]
So we'll just get your names
and addresses at this stage.
862
00:44:30,482 --> 00:44:34,896
And we'll get the full details
from the lady on board
the boat, okay?
863
00:44:48,862 --> 00:44:51,310
[Migah Lester] Back in 1992,
on Easter Monday,
864
00:44:51,344 --> 00:44:55,241
myself and two kids
from the neighborhood
were hanging out all day.
865
00:44:55,275 --> 00:44:57,620
One of them,
his name was Paul Rogers.
866
00:44:57,655 --> 00:44:59,586
And it was a typical hot day
867
00:44:59,620 --> 00:45:01,793
in the Easter holidays
on the Gold Coast.
868
00:45:01,827 --> 00:45:03,586
So we asked our parents
if we could go surfing.
869
00:45:03,620 --> 00:45:05,206
They said, "Yes,"
as long as we surf
870
00:45:05,241 --> 00:45:07,620
right next
to the patrol flags.
871
00:45:07,655 --> 00:45:09,965
I had been surfing
the previous two weeks,
872
00:45:10,000 --> 00:45:13,965
so I knew
that there was a drumline
that had been washed in.
873
00:45:14,000 --> 00:45:15,310
I paddled out,
874
00:45:15,344 --> 00:45:18,758
and I noticed my two friends
didn't get out of the back.
875
00:45:18,793 --> 00:45:21,206
And I was a little bit older,
I was 11,
876
00:45:21,241 --> 00:45:23,206
so I was thinking, "Oh, maybe
they're just struggling
877
00:45:23,241 --> 00:45:24,758
to get through the little
white waters,
878
00:45:24,793 --> 00:45:26,206
to get out the back."
879
00:45:26,241 --> 00:45:27,896
But I drifted
into the patrol flags
880
00:45:27,931 --> 00:45:29,517
where we're not allowed
to surf and I thought,
881
00:45:29,551 --> 00:45:31,620
"Okay, instead of paddling
against the current,
882
00:45:31,655 --> 00:45:35,206
I'll run around and see
if they're in the shore break
and I'll join them."
883
00:45:35,241 --> 00:45:38,586
As I got to the beach,
I was running on the sand
884
00:45:38,620 --> 00:45:42,241
and I'd seen a bunch
of lifeguards
885
00:45:42,275 --> 00:45:44,137
bringing Paul in,
carrying him in.
886
00:45:44,172 --> 00:45:46,000
My immediate thought
was, "Oh, wow.
887
00:45:46,034 --> 00:45:48,379
Paul is helping them
with their training."
888
00:45:48,413 --> 00:45:49,827
They put him down
on the ground,
889
00:45:49,862 --> 00:45:52,206
and the second
they put him on the ground,
they started CPR.
890
00:45:56,310 --> 00:46:01,000
The first thing I noticed was,
when I looked down at Paul,
891
00:46:01,034 --> 00:46:04,172
I could see his ankle
had these
892
00:46:04,206 --> 00:46:05,724
really deep, intense...
893
00:46:06,896 --> 00:46:08,517
rope or cable marks
894
00:46:08,551 --> 00:46:10,586
that looked like it was
wrapped around his ankle.
895
00:46:11,172 --> 00:46:12,931
His eyes were open,
896
00:46:12,965 --> 00:46:14,689
and the guys who were
doing CPR were crying,
897
00:46:14,724 --> 00:46:16,655
and it all kind of,
like, sunk in, you know.
898
00:46:16,689 --> 00:46:18,655
We're just little kids
and it's like, "Oh, my God."
899
00:46:22,655 --> 00:46:25,965
It was the next morning
when I was heading
to the hospital to see him,
900
00:46:26,000 --> 00:46:29,344
and he was in intensive care,
and then on the radio,
901
00:46:29,379 --> 00:46:31,034
it came on
that he didn't make it.
902
00:46:31,068 --> 00:46:32,655
That's something
that I'll never forget,
903
00:46:32,689 --> 00:46:34,103
that I've always lived with.
904
00:46:35,758 --> 00:46:39,103
I just don't...
I don't know, man. I just...
905
00:46:39,137 --> 00:46:42,689
The audacity of that
Shark Control Program
or the people that run it,
906
00:46:42,724 --> 00:46:46,517
to use Paul as a way
to bring in a ruling to
protect their own interests,
907
00:46:46,551 --> 00:46:48,689
for them to use
his death as an excuse
908
00:46:48,724 --> 00:46:52,103
to just try and stop people
investigating what's going on.
909
00:46:52,137 --> 00:46:53,793
Do you know your negligence
910
00:46:53,827 --> 00:46:56,620
is directly responsible
for my friend's death?
911
00:46:56,655 --> 00:46:58,827
Like, directly responsible.
912
00:46:58,862 --> 00:47:00,413
There's no other way
to cut it.
913
00:47:00,448 --> 00:47:03,103
You put an object
in the water, it washed in,
914
00:47:03,137 --> 00:47:06,034
it was there for two weeks,
and you didn't remove it.
915
00:47:06,068 --> 00:47:08,206
You pass the blame
on to other people,
916
00:47:08,241 --> 00:47:10,931
you pass the responsibility
to the lifeguards,
917
00:47:10,965 --> 00:47:13,551
to the Surf Lifesaving Club.
You didn't get it out.
918
00:47:13,586 --> 00:47:15,068
And you know, this equipment,
919
00:47:15,103 --> 00:47:16,620
when it gets washed in
and buried,
920
00:47:16,655 --> 00:47:18,689
you can't get your
Shark Control boats in there.
921
00:47:18,724 --> 00:47:20,482
And you don't go and cut them,
922
00:47:20,517 --> 00:47:23,000
like, why the hell
aren't you cutting them
and removing them?
923
00:47:23,034 --> 00:47:25,103
Why are they even there
in the first place?
924
00:47:25,137 --> 00:47:26,758
It just shows
where their intent lies,
925
00:47:26,793 --> 00:47:28,413
it shows it's not there
for protection,
926
00:47:28,448 --> 00:47:31,206
it's there
for their own intent.
927
00:47:33,620 --> 00:47:35,448
I'd love to know the response
928
00:47:35,482 --> 00:47:37,275
from the actual people
that are in the water.
929
00:47:37,310 --> 00:47:39,103
I'd love to hear
their opinions of it,
930
00:47:39,137 --> 00:47:41,655
instead of a fisherman
whose job is to go out
and kill stuff.
931
00:47:43,034 --> 00:47:44,689
But what about all the rest
of us, you know?
932
00:47:44,724 --> 00:47:47,000
We don't want marine animals
933
00:47:47,034 --> 00:47:49,310
being caught on hooks
and wrapped in nets
934
00:47:49,344 --> 00:47:51,448
off where we're surfing
and swimming.
935
00:47:51,482 --> 00:47:54,655
It's like, the person
who's doing this, like,
where's your morals?
936
00:47:54,689 --> 00:47:56,137
Like, where's your
heart in this?
937
00:47:56,172 --> 00:47:58,137
You say you're there
to protect us, but you're not.
938
00:47:58,172 --> 00:47:59,344
You're probably sitting
in an office.
939
00:47:59,379 --> 00:48:01,172
You're not the one
in the lineups,
940
00:48:01,206 --> 00:48:03,103
you're not the one
whose kid is surfing there.
941
00:48:03,137 --> 00:48:06,482
Have you even taken
into consideration
how his mum feels?
942
00:48:06,517 --> 00:48:09,620
No. She's, like,
an amazing woman
with an amazing kid.
943
00:48:09,655 --> 00:48:13,620
Like, Paul was the nicest kid
you could ever meet.
944
00:48:13,655 --> 00:48:17,517
And you took that away.
He'd be 38 today.
945
00:48:17,551 --> 00:48:21,034
And now 22 years later,
you wanna bring a rule in
that just protects yourself.
946
00:48:21,068 --> 00:48:24,517
It has no interest
in protecting anyone else.
947
00:48:24,551 --> 00:48:27,379
So it really shows
what your true colors are.
948
00:48:43,517 --> 00:48:46,241
[man 1]
A teenager is, tonight,
counting his lucky stars,
949
00:48:46,275 --> 00:48:49,517
after coming
within centimeters
of the jaws of a shark.
950
00:48:49,551 --> 00:48:53,758
He'd been surfing
off Bribie Island,
when the predator struck.
951
00:48:53,793 --> 00:48:56,068
[man 2] 18 drumlines
along Bribie Island
952
00:48:56,103 --> 00:48:58,103
keep the public
relatively safe,
953
00:48:58,137 --> 00:49:00,758
but they can't stop
every shark.
954
00:49:07,689 --> 00:49:10,448
[man 3] In Queensland,
history shows us,
955
00:49:10,482 --> 00:49:13,172
and the CSIRO
has published data,
956
00:49:13,206 --> 00:49:15,000
to show that in the 1930s,
957
00:49:15,034 --> 00:49:18,068
there were
a considerable number
of shark bite incidences
958
00:49:18,103 --> 00:49:21,034
on the Queensland coast,
including the Gold Coast.
959
00:49:21,068 --> 00:49:24,068
In the 1930s, the 1940s,
the numbers were quite high.
960
00:49:24,103 --> 00:49:27,137
And then the numbers
started dropping off
in the '50s and the '60s.
961
00:49:27,172 --> 00:49:29,620
And since then, the numbers
have remained flat.
962
00:49:29,655 --> 00:49:33,103
So the numbers
have remained flat
963
00:49:34,517 --> 00:49:37,586
from before the Shark Control
Program equipment
964
00:49:37,620 --> 00:49:40,172
has been deployed.
965
00:49:40,206 --> 00:49:43,965
And so you can't
put a causal link
between the low numbers
966
00:49:44,000 --> 00:49:46,689
and the Shark Control
Program equipment.
967
00:49:48,000 --> 00:49:52,034
[Paul] More people die from
drowning around Australia.
968
00:49:52,068 --> 00:49:56,448
So many more people die from
drowning around Australia
969
00:49:56,482 --> 00:49:58,000
than die from sharks.
970
00:50:00,068 --> 00:50:03,758
And yet, there's no
attention being brought
to the drowning problem,
971
00:50:03,793 --> 00:50:05,482
only killing of sharks.
972
00:50:09,482 --> 00:50:12,137
[Dr. Leonardo] When you look
at shark mitigation, you know,
973
00:50:12,172 --> 00:50:15,862
just because you've been doing
something for so many years,
974
00:50:15,896 --> 00:50:17,896
doesn't mean
it's the right way.
975
00:50:17,931 --> 00:50:19,448
I mean, societies have changed
976
00:50:19,482 --> 00:50:23,862
over a variety of issues
because cultures change,
perceptions change,
977
00:50:23,896 --> 00:50:25,931
technology changes,
knowledge changes.
978
00:50:25,965 --> 00:50:28,379
So when you look
at shark mitigation,
979
00:50:28,413 --> 00:50:30,931
if we use the analogy
of road safety,
980
00:50:30,965 --> 00:50:33,896
60 years ago, the road toll
was a lot higher.
981
00:50:33,931 --> 00:50:37,448
Since then,
we've gotten better
with car technology,
982
00:50:37,482 --> 00:50:40,241
ABS braking, airbags,
road education,
983
00:50:40,275 --> 00:50:42,103
people getting their licenses
has improved.
984
00:50:42,137 --> 00:50:43,827
We've improved our road laws,
985
00:50:43,862 --> 00:50:45,482
and we've reduced
the road toll.
986
00:50:45,517 --> 00:50:48,931
And guess what? We didn't
take cars off the road.
987
00:50:48,965 --> 00:50:51,275
So why would shark control
be any different?
988
00:50:51,310 --> 00:50:52,620
Why would we say,
989
00:50:52,655 --> 00:50:55,413
"No, let's stick
to what we've been doing
for the past 60 years,
990
00:50:55,448 --> 00:50:56,793
let's not move with the times,
991
00:50:56,827 --> 00:50:58,241
let's not move
with technology,
992
00:50:58,275 --> 00:50:59,896
let's not move with education,
993
00:50:59,931 --> 00:51:02,241
let's not move
with the knowledge we get,
994
00:51:02,275 --> 00:51:04,413
and still go, "Oh, yeah,
but everything's fine?"
995
00:51:05,931 --> 00:51:07,206
It does not make sense.
996
00:51:12,689 --> 00:51:15,689
[Jonathan] On our Gold Coast,
they're all for killing
animals in the ocean,
997
00:51:15,724 --> 00:51:17,172
in the name
of their tourism industry,
998
00:51:17,206 --> 00:51:19,413
'cause they seem
to be scared down there
999
00:51:19,448 --> 00:51:22,103
of the day when the sharks
are going to walk out
1000
00:51:22,137 --> 00:51:23,620
on their fins,
1001
00:51:23,655 --> 00:51:26,137
on the beach,
and start biting people.
1002
00:51:26,172 --> 00:51:28,655
It's more discouraging
here in Australia
1003
00:51:28,689 --> 00:51:30,448
than it is, for example,
in Indonesia.
1004
00:51:30,482 --> 00:51:32,000
In Indonesia, I work with men
1005
00:51:32,034 --> 00:51:34,034
that spend weeks offshore
killing hundreds of sharks.
1006
00:51:34,068 --> 00:51:35,655
And I have more respect
for them,
1007
00:51:35,689 --> 00:51:37,724
because they're doing that
to feed their families.
1008
00:51:37,758 --> 00:51:40,068
Whereas here, we're doing it
for a false sense of comfort.
1009
00:51:40,103 --> 00:51:42,655
We have absolutely
no right and no excuse
1010
00:51:42,689 --> 00:51:44,724
to be treating our wildlife
the way that we do,
1011
00:51:44,758 --> 00:51:47,413
other than blind ignorance
and selfishness.
1012
00:51:47,448 --> 00:51:49,034
So it's far harder to respect
1013
00:51:49,068 --> 00:51:50,758
things that are occurring
in my own country,
1014
00:51:50,793 --> 00:51:52,551
and to see it
from their perspective.
1015
00:51:52,586 --> 00:51:55,275
We react to sharks
like they're terrorists.
1016
00:51:55,310 --> 00:51:57,793
When I'm in America
and someone's been
bitten by a shark,
1017
00:51:57,827 --> 00:52:00,413
and when I lived in Hawaii,
and someone was bitten
by a shark,
1018
00:52:00,448 --> 00:52:03,068
everybody's like,
"Oh, well, he knew the risks.
1019
00:52:03,103 --> 00:52:05,034
And this is their home,
not ours."
1020
00:52:05,068 --> 00:52:07,482
But in Australia,
it's so different. It's like,
1021
00:52:07,517 --> 00:52:09,551
"We're out for blood now.
Revenge time."
1022
00:52:10,586 --> 00:52:13,241
Our biggest mistake,
being public Australians
1023
00:52:13,275 --> 00:52:15,344
that interact with these
animals every day,
1024
00:52:15,379 --> 00:52:17,724
is putting our faith
in the government
to protect us,
1025
00:52:17,758 --> 00:52:19,103
because that is not
their goal.
1026
00:52:19,137 --> 00:52:22,103
And so far, they've not been
successful with that.
1027
00:52:28,103 --> 00:52:31,241
[Bana] Sharks aren't the
only victims of the cull.
1028
00:52:31,275 --> 00:52:36,413
At some beaches,
up to 97% of animals
caught in the nets
1029
00:52:36,448 --> 00:52:39,000
are made up of other
innocent marine life.
1030
00:52:40,172 --> 00:52:45,448
Whales, dolphins,
rays, turtles.
1031
00:52:46,724 --> 00:52:50,000
Animals that are loved
all around the world.
1032
00:52:51,172 --> 00:52:54,724
Animals that are on the
endangered species list.
1033
00:52:56,068 --> 00:52:59,896
Animals that are supposed
to be protected in our waters.
1034
00:53:10,068 --> 00:53:13,448
Shark culling has many
destructive, unintended
consequences
1035
00:53:13,482 --> 00:53:15,586
and it's mostly coming
from by-catch.
1036
00:53:15,620 --> 00:53:18,310
Um, whales, dolphins,
turtles, rays,
1037
00:53:18,344 --> 00:53:20,827
and all of these animals
are incredibly vital
1038
00:53:20,862 --> 00:53:22,206
to these ocean ecosystems
1039
00:53:22,241 --> 00:53:24,689
that are already
under so much stress.
1040
00:53:24,724 --> 00:53:26,724
[Madison]
So the very first time
I went out to the shark nets
1041
00:53:26,758 --> 00:53:28,655
was on this dodgy little
dinghy with a friend of mine
1042
00:53:28,689 --> 00:53:31,137
in really rough weather,
and I saw
three dead stingrays,
1043
00:53:31,172 --> 00:53:33,586
and it was just
this huge wake-up call of,
1044
00:53:33,620 --> 00:53:35,000
how on earth
is this happening
1045
00:53:35,034 --> 00:53:36,137
and how are people
ignoring it?
1046
00:53:36,172 --> 00:53:38,379
I think that the whales
being caught
1047
00:53:38,413 --> 00:53:41,241
is probably the only thing
that really makes the public
look at them and think,
1048
00:53:41,275 --> 00:53:42,965
"Oh, wow, that's terrible."
1049
00:53:43,000 --> 00:53:44,689
And since then,
I've had the opportunity
1050
00:53:44,724 --> 00:53:46,379
to go out there and see
the damage they're doing
1051
00:53:46,413 --> 00:53:47,758
off our coastline a lot more.
1052
00:53:47,793 --> 00:53:50,241
So it's been one
of the hardest things
1053
00:53:50,275 --> 00:53:52,931
that I've ever had to come up
against in conservation
as well,
1054
00:53:52,965 --> 00:53:56,827
because you're dealing
with something people think
protects them.
1055
00:53:56,862 --> 00:53:59,310
If you could see
all the other stuff
caught in them,
1056
00:53:59,344 --> 00:54:00,344
it's insane.
1057
00:55:04,310 --> 00:55:07,586
[groaning]
1058
00:56:02,689 --> 00:56:09,482
[squeaking and grunting]
1059
00:56:32,275 --> 00:56:36,862
[squeaking and grunting
continue]
1060
00:57:44,137 --> 00:57:46,896
[Holly] The day that I found
a humpback whale
1061
00:57:46,931 --> 00:57:48,482
caught in a shark net
1062
00:57:48,517 --> 00:57:53,000
was possibly one
of the worst days of my life.
1063
00:57:53,034 --> 00:57:56,965
To see this animal
that we see on our coastlines,
1064
00:57:57,000 --> 00:57:59,724
breaching and slapping
and playing,
1065
00:57:59,758 --> 00:58:03,482
and to see one
physically wrapped in a net
1066
00:58:03,517 --> 00:58:05,793
in just silence there, um,
1067
00:58:05,827 --> 00:58:08,310
doing a behavior
that obviously
I've never seen before,
1068
00:58:08,344 --> 00:58:09,310
it was just,
1069
00:58:09,344 --> 00:58:11,551
it was hopeless,
and it was just sitting there,
1070
00:58:11,586 --> 00:58:13,724
um, just able to breathe
on the surface.
1071
00:58:13,758 --> 00:58:16,103
So getting in the water
with that whale
1072
00:58:16,137 --> 00:58:18,758
was the first time
I've ever swam with a whale.
1073
00:58:18,793 --> 00:58:21,517
And it was just still,
1074
00:58:21,551 --> 00:58:24,379
and it would just
come up for breaths
every now and then.
1075
00:58:24,413 --> 00:58:28,620
And I remember
the rope just being
1076
00:58:28,655 --> 00:58:31,758
entangled around its face,
rubbing on its eye,
1077
00:58:31,793 --> 00:58:34,241
and there was nothing
I could have done.
1078
00:58:34,275 --> 00:58:36,034
It was physically exhausted.
1079
00:58:36,068 --> 00:58:39,034
You could see,
along the dorsal fin,
along the spine,
1080
00:58:39,068 --> 00:58:41,068
it was cut in, bleeding.
1081
00:58:41,103 --> 00:58:43,413
And just looking
at its face as well,
1082
00:58:43,448 --> 00:58:46,655
just being completely
entangled in that net,
was really horrible to see.
1083
00:58:46,689 --> 00:58:48,068
And it was one
of those moments
1084
00:58:48,103 --> 00:58:50,620
where you wanted
to get closer
to look at it more,
1085
00:58:50,655 --> 00:58:53,448
but at the same time,
this animal is
highly stressed.
1086
00:59:00,068 --> 00:59:02,689
Humpback whales will migrate
past this coastline
1087
00:59:02,724 --> 00:59:03,931
every year during winter.
1088
00:59:03,965 --> 00:59:06,172
And they basically will go up
1089
00:59:06,206 --> 00:59:07,586
to the Northern Great
Barrier Reef,
1090
00:59:07,620 --> 00:59:10,034
give birth to their young
and migrate down south,
1091
00:59:10,068 --> 00:59:13,379
and they're doing this
on a limited budget of energy.
1092
00:59:13,413 --> 00:59:15,413
So there's no food sources
1093
00:59:15,448 --> 00:59:17,413
along this coastline
for these guys.
1094
00:59:17,448 --> 00:59:19,137
And it's very important
for them
1095
00:59:19,172 --> 00:59:20,827
to use their energy wisely
1096
00:59:20,862 --> 00:59:23,103
and if they are
entangled in a net,
1097
00:59:23,137 --> 00:59:26,551
that takes a lot of energy,
a lot of stress.
1098
00:59:26,586 --> 00:59:30,689
We never found our target
species in the shark nets.
1099
00:59:30,724 --> 00:59:32,689
And the rest
were all by-catch.
1100
00:59:32,724 --> 00:59:34,310
That takes a toll on you
as well,
1101
00:59:34,344 --> 00:59:37,724
because you're in the water
filming these animals.
1102
00:59:37,758 --> 00:59:39,620
We're mentally prepared
for the by-catch,
1103
00:59:39,655 --> 00:59:42,379
but nowhere near as much
as what we actually found.
1104
00:59:42,413 --> 00:59:45,448
So that was something
that really sort of hit home,
1105
00:59:45,482 --> 00:59:49,655
is realizing that
we were finding animals
1106
00:59:49,689 --> 00:59:52,310
that we didn't think
that we would find.
1107
00:59:52,344 --> 00:59:57,793
I've had the experience
of listening to the
footage afterwards
1108
00:59:57,827 --> 00:59:59,689
where I've, uh,
1109
00:59:59,724 --> 01:00:02,000
I've been the captain
on the boat.
1110
01:00:02,034 --> 01:00:03,724
I was managing the operation.
1111
01:00:03,758 --> 01:00:07,931
I have this dedicated crew
of people who,
1112
01:00:07,965 --> 01:00:09,448
by the nature
of what we're doing,
1113
01:00:09,482 --> 01:00:12,724
these are people
who care deeply
about everything that we do
1114
01:00:12,758 --> 01:00:15,931
and about every one
of those individual animals.
1115
01:00:15,965 --> 01:00:18,000
And, um...
1116
01:00:18,034 --> 01:00:22,517
I've had to listen
to the responses of my divers.
1117
01:00:24,448 --> 01:00:29,586
[diver crying]
1118
01:01:04,103 --> 01:01:05,448
When I look
at that footage afterwards,
1119
01:01:05,482 --> 01:01:07,896
I might not know
what's going on underwater,
1120
01:01:08,758 --> 01:01:10,931
except for what I'm told.
1121
01:01:10,965 --> 01:01:16,551
But when I listen to a diver
crying underwater, um...
1122
01:01:16,586 --> 01:01:20,586
When I listened to a diver
spontaneously apologize
1123
01:01:20,620 --> 01:01:23,482
to the animals under there,
1124
01:01:23,517 --> 01:01:25,068
it gets me
1125
01:01:25,103 --> 01:01:28,724
when I'm sitting there
in my living room,
watching it on a computer,
1126
01:01:28,758 --> 01:01:30,206
to try and get
that message out.
1127
01:01:30,241 --> 01:01:33,758
How do we do that,
uh, effectively?
1128
01:01:33,793 --> 01:01:37,655
Uh, and how do I
look after my crew
1129
01:01:37,689 --> 01:01:39,862
when we're doing that?
1130
01:01:39,896 --> 01:01:41,413
And we're not just
doing it once.
1131
01:01:41,448 --> 01:01:44,862
We're doing it again
and again and again.
1132
01:02:06,034 --> 01:02:08,103
[Bana] By baiting and trapping
marine animals
1133
01:02:08,137 --> 01:02:10,448
with only
intermittent checking,
1134
01:02:10,482 --> 01:02:11,862
nets and drumlines
1135
01:02:11,896 --> 01:02:14,517
are creating
a floating seafood buffet
1136
01:02:14,551 --> 01:02:16,310
for our apex predators.
1137
01:02:17,551 --> 01:02:20,482
There's evidence to show
that because of this,
1138
01:02:20,517 --> 01:02:24,517
these measures are luring
large sharks closer to shore
1139
01:02:24,551 --> 01:02:26,413
for an easy meal.
1140
01:02:26,448 --> 01:02:28,103
Given the proven
ineffectiveness
1141
01:02:28,137 --> 01:02:29,206
of these measures
1142
01:02:29,241 --> 01:02:30,551
in the first place,
1143
01:02:30,586 --> 01:02:33,793
logic tells us
that we have to question
1144
01:02:33,827 --> 01:02:37,482
how safe
this is really keeping us.
1145
01:02:37,517 --> 01:02:40,689
There's always a bigger,
hungrier fish out there.
1146
01:02:42,000 --> 01:02:44,793
Do we really want to be
enticing them to our beaches?
1147
01:02:50,655 --> 01:02:52,068
[Holly] Through our findings,
we found animals
1148
01:02:52,103 --> 01:02:54,103
that were there
for more than a week,
1149
01:02:54,137 --> 01:02:56,689
that had fully started
to decompose.
1150
01:02:56,724 --> 01:03:00,517
The chemicals and the smells
are leeching into the water
1151
01:03:00,551 --> 01:03:01,931
from the entanglements,
1152
01:03:01,965 --> 01:03:04,896
and same goes
for the baited drumlines.
1153
01:03:04,931 --> 01:03:07,034
You're gonna be luring sharks
closer to shore.
1154
01:03:09,034 --> 01:03:12,379
[man] So let's go back
to putting baited hooks
1155
01:03:12,413 --> 01:03:15,482
just off the surf break,
just off the swimming beaches.
1156
01:03:15,517 --> 01:03:17,482
Does that actually make sense?
1157
01:03:18,448 --> 01:03:20,448
[Paul] I've actually worked
with the DPI
1158
01:03:20,482 --> 01:03:23,034
in New South Wales
on their SMART drumlines
1159
01:03:23,068 --> 01:03:24,758
for a very brief period
of time.
1160
01:03:24,793 --> 01:03:27,620
And these drumlines
are attracting sharks in.
1161
01:03:27,655 --> 01:03:29,379
Now, they said they wouldn't,
1162
01:03:29,413 --> 01:03:31,137
but when I was
out there on the boat,
1163
01:03:31,172 --> 01:03:35,586
we caught two great whites
on the same hook
1164
01:03:35,620 --> 01:03:37,793
within a matter of minutes.
1165
01:03:37,827 --> 01:03:41,551
And this was half a kilometer
from a popular swimming beach.
1166
01:03:41,586 --> 01:03:43,000
So what does that tell you
1167
01:03:43,034 --> 01:03:45,931
about what these drumlines
are attracting
1168
01:03:45,965 --> 01:03:47,206
to their baited hooks?
1169
01:03:48,310 --> 01:03:50,896
[Holly] Not only is it
the deceased animals
1170
01:03:50,931 --> 01:03:52,896
that are luring sharks
close to shore.
1171
01:03:52,931 --> 01:03:56,448
The stressed animals,
sharks can sense that.
1172
01:03:56,482 --> 01:03:58,724
They can sense
the vibrations and pulses
1173
01:03:58,758 --> 01:04:01,758
through their sensory system,
that there is an animal
in distress
1174
01:04:01,793 --> 01:04:03,689
that could potentially
be a prey item.
1175
01:04:03,724 --> 01:04:05,724
So if it's dead or alive,
1176
01:04:05,758 --> 01:04:07,724
any animal
caught in a shark net,
1177
01:04:07,758 --> 01:04:09,448
a shark passing by
1178
01:04:09,482 --> 01:04:11,586
is most likely
going to come over
1179
01:04:11,620 --> 01:04:14,034
and be curious
about what's in this net.
1180
01:04:18,275 --> 01:04:21,206
And through the entanglement
that I witnessed at Noosa
the other day,
1181
01:04:21,241 --> 01:04:23,241
those beaches are not cleared.
1182
01:04:23,275 --> 01:04:24,413
Now I'll tell you,
at Noosa,
1183
01:04:24,448 --> 01:04:26,655
we know that there was
a large shark under that net.
1184
01:04:26,689 --> 01:04:28,379
And of course,
1185
01:04:28,413 --> 01:04:31,896
an injured, stressed animal
is going to be an attractant
for that predator.
1186
01:04:31,931 --> 01:04:35,103
Was the beach cleared?
No, it wasn't.
1187
01:04:35,137 --> 01:04:38,275
When that wire was left
at Bilinga Beach,
1188
01:04:38,310 --> 01:04:41,275
on the sea floor
after it died,
were the beaches cleared?
1189
01:04:41,310 --> 01:04:44,206
Was there an education program
put in place?
1190
01:04:44,241 --> 01:04:45,034
No, there wasn't.
1191
01:04:59,137 --> 01:05:01,655
Uh, there was one particular
time where we found
1192
01:05:01,689 --> 01:05:03,965
a shovelnose ray
caught in the bottom
1193
01:05:04,000 --> 01:05:06,827
of the Surfers Paradise net
on the Gold Coast.
1194
01:05:06,862 --> 01:05:10,931
And this ray had humongous
bite marks out of it.
1195
01:05:10,965 --> 01:05:14,655
So this large shovelnose ray
was about two to three meters.
1196
01:05:14,689 --> 01:05:17,896
We checked all the nets
on the Gold Coast that day
1197
01:05:17,931 --> 01:05:21,034
and there was no shark
in any of the shark nets,
1198
01:05:21,068 --> 01:05:23,034
and that raises the question
1199
01:05:23,068 --> 01:05:25,655
that this animal
was caught in this net,
1200
01:05:25,689 --> 01:05:29,620
the shark had managed
to maneuver around the net
1201
01:05:29,655 --> 01:05:31,344
without becoming
entangled in it.
1202
01:05:33,275 --> 01:05:36,551
[man] A monster shark
measuring more than
five meters
1203
01:05:36,586 --> 01:05:39,103
is lurking
off North Stradbroke Island.
1204
01:05:39,137 --> 01:05:41,000
The Bligh government's
released photos
1205
01:05:41,034 --> 01:05:44,068
showing how it mauled
another large white pointer.
1206
01:05:45,034 --> 01:05:47,103
[woman] Like a bit of bait
on a hook,
1207
01:05:47,137 --> 01:05:48,793
the predator,
which became a meal
1208
01:05:48,827 --> 01:05:50,241
for an even bigger shark,
1209
01:05:50,275 --> 01:05:52,103
after being caught
on a drumline
1210
01:05:52,137 --> 01:05:54,344
about half an hour
from where Sarah Whiley
1211
01:05:54,379 --> 01:05:56,103
was killed by a shark
at Amity,
1212
01:05:56,137 --> 01:05:57,896
the state government's
take on it
1213
01:05:57,931 --> 01:06:01,655
is that we should be happy
the Shark Control Program's
doing its job,
1214
01:06:01,689 --> 01:06:04,344
catching the smaller shark
in the first place.
1215
01:06:04,379 --> 01:06:07,172
But what about the monster
which feasted on it?
1216
01:06:12,586 --> 01:06:16,965
When you tell people
that an area is safer,
1217
01:06:17,000 --> 01:06:19,827
when you haven't indeed
made it safer,
1218
01:06:19,862 --> 01:06:22,862
that leads human beings
to make decisions,
1219
01:06:22,896 --> 01:06:26,034
to do things
they feel confident
there's less risk in,
1220
01:06:26,068 --> 01:06:27,827
and there may be more risk.
1221
01:06:27,862 --> 01:06:30,068
It leads people
to take extra risk.
1222
01:06:39,172 --> 01:06:41,965
I learned to surf
just there, at Manly Beach,
1223
01:06:42,000 --> 01:06:44,137
right there
in the southern corner
in front of the surf club.
1224
01:06:44,172 --> 01:06:46,137
My dad was a clubbie
at Manly Surf Club.
1225
01:06:46,172 --> 01:06:48,724
My older brother Jason
is a surfer.
1226
01:06:48,758 --> 01:06:50,862
Any girl that grows up
with an older brother surfing,
1227
01:06:50,896 --> 01:06:52,379
they wanna do it
with them, too.
1228
01:06:52,413 --> 01:06:55,068
I can honestly say
I do it a little bit better
than my brother.
1229
01:06:59,172 --> 01:07:02,275
[Tom]
So the ocean is kind of
like a spiritual home for me.
1230
01:07:02,310 --> 01:07:06,310
My mother gave me a surfboard
just before she passed away.
1231
01:07:06,344 --> 01:07:09,517
So in essence, that surfboard
took me into the ocean,
1232
01:07:09,551 --> 01:07:12,517
so the ocean has been
kind of holding me
1233
01:07:12,551 --> 01:07:14,758
and the surfboard's been
holding me since,
1234
01:07:14,793 --> 01:07:16,758
in a way, that, um...
1235
01:07:16,793 --> 01:07:18,931
Yeah, I don't know.
It's hard to explain it.
1236
01:07:20,379 --> 01:07:21,896
It's definitely
an on-the-moment thing,
1237
01:07:21,931 --> 01:07:23,379
that the ocean just tells us
1238
01:07:23,413 --> 01:07:25,517
how to actually
be really present with her.
1239
01:07:25,551 --> 01:07:28,034
And I think that's why
I kind of go back to her,
1240
01:07:28,068 --> 01:07:32,172
because she just absolutely
demands all my attention.
1241
01:07:34,827 --> 01:07:37,172
[Layne] When I'm out here
at Freshwater, for example,
1242
01:07:37,206 --> 01:07:39,586
and I talk to local surfers,
and I ask them,
1243
01:07:39,620 --> 01:07:41,551
"What's your position
on sharks
1244
01:07:41,586 --> 01:07:43,034
and shark mitigation,"
1245
01:07:43,068 --> 01:07:44,724
one of them said to me today,
1246
01:07:44,758 --> 01:07:47,241
"See no evil, hear no evil,
speak no evil."
1247
01:07:49,724 --> 01:07:51,344
I'm seven times
world champion surfer
1248
01:07:51,379 --> 01:07:52,965
and chair
of Surfing Australia,
1249
01:07:53,000 --> 01:07:55,655
and I completely understand
1250
01:07:55,689 --> 01:07:57,551
that the minute
I immerse myself in the water,
1251
01:07:57,586 --> 01:08:01,241
I'm immersing myself
into their environment,
their domain,
1252
01:08:01,275 --> 01:08:04,379
and you have to accept
that they're a predator.
1253
01:08:04,413 --> 01:08:08,965
I feel that that mentality
is widely respected
1254
01:08:09,000 --> 01:08:10,413
around the world
in most surfers.
1255
01:08:10,448 --> 01:08:12,896
I can't speak
on behalf of every surfer,
1256
01:08:12,931 --> 01:08:16,275
but I know from
my individual perspective,
1257
01:08:16,310 --> 01:08:18,517
I recognize that there is
an inherent risk
1258
01:08:18,551 --> 01:08:20,034
every time I enter the water.
1259
01:08:20,068 --> 01:08:22,172
I do what I can
to mitigate that risk,
1260
01:08:22,206 --> 01:08:24,689
but I'm also willing
to take that risk.
1261
01:08:32,206 --> 01:08:34,034
My desire to surf
is unwavering,
1262
01:08:34,068 --> 01:08:35,965
irrespective of whether
there's nets there or not.
1263
01:08:36,000 --> 01:08:38,344
Having traveled the world
as a professional surfer,
1264
01:08:38,379 --> 01:08:40,206
I've surfed
in countless oceans
1265
01:08:40,241 --> 01:08:42,931
and countless surf spots
where I know there aren't nets
1266
01:08:42,965 --> 01:08:45,275
and that has never affected
my choice to go surfing
1267
01:08:45,310 --> 01:08:47,379
or my decision to go surfing.
1268
01:08:47,413 --> 01:08:50,827
[Tom] I take personal
responsibility anytime.
1269
01:08:50,862 --> 01:08:52,724
I think that's our...
1270
01:08:52,758 --> 01:08:55,413
I hope that's our culture
here in Australia, you know.
1271
01:08:55,448 --> 01:08:59,172
I hope to think
every Australian
can think like this.
1272
01:09:01,551 --> 01:09:03,379
To be honest,
I've been surfing
1273
01:09:03,413 --> 01:09:05,068
for, what, 51 years now.
1274
01:09:05,103 --> 01:09:07,758
And while surfing,
I may have seen...
1275
01:09:10,413 --> 01:09:11,793
five sharks.
1276
01:09:11,827 --> 01:09:14,551
Not just surfing part-time.
[laughs]
1277
01:09:14,586 --> 01:09:16,068
That's surfing a lot.
1278
01:09:16,103 --> 01:09:18,344
In remote areas
around this country
1279
01:09:18,379 --> 01:09:20,206
where you're gonna see sharks.
1280
01:09:21,448 --> 01:09:22,482
When we look at the shark,
1281
01:09:22,517 --> 01:09:25,137
which has been around here
for millions of years,
1282
01:09:25,172 --> 01:09:27,275
it's literally a dinosaur,
1283
01:09:27,310 --> 01:09:31,344
it may appear to us to be
a really dangerous creature
1284
01:09:31,379 --> 01:09:33,344
and bring up a lot of fear.
1285
01:09:34,862 --> 01:09:37,172
I've had first-hand
experience with that.
1286
01:09:37,206 --> 01:09:39,551
I looked him straight
in the eye. Big sharks.
1287
01:09:39,586 --> 01:09:44,620
And they've had, uh, a kind
of response to me like,
1288
01:09:44,655 --> 01:09:47,000
"Hmm, that person's
a predator, too."
1289
01:09:53,413 --> 01:09:58,413
[Layne]
There's a very low chance
of being bitten by a shark.
1290
01:09:58,448 --> 01:10:01,275
Like, the chances
are very slim, very slender.
1291
01:10:01,310 --> 01:10:03,586
You have a higher incidence
of being hit by a car
1292
01:10:03,620 --> 01:10:06,103
or stung by a bee
and dying from that
1293
01:10:06,137 --> 01:10:08,448
than you do a shark attack.
1294
01:10:08,482 --> 01:10:11,103
I'm a believer and an advocate
for coexisting.
1295
01:10:11,137 --> 01:10:13,724
Uh, we know, as ocean lovers,
1296
01:10:13,758 --> 01:10:15,310
that once we immerse
ourselves in the ocean,
1297
01:10:15,344 --> 01:10:16,758
we're going
into a shark domain,
1298
01:10:16,793 --> 01:10:20,758
and we have to recognize
that that is one of the risks
1299
01:10:20,793 --> 01:10:23,241
that we're willing to accept.
1300
01:10:26,655 --> 01:10:28,448
Given we know
what we know today,
1301
01:10:28,482 --> 01:10:30,758
it is absolutely archaic
1302
01:10:30,793 --> 01:10:32,896
that we're relying
on a program
1303
01:10:32,931 --> 01:10:34,827
that was devised in 1930.
1304
01:10:34,862 --> 01:10:36,931
When I think
about culling programs,
1305
01:10:36,965 --> 01:10:39,413
I just think it must come
from a lack of education
1306
01:10:39,448 --> 01:10:41,206
and a cultural belief.
1307
01:10:41,241 --> 01:10:43,586
So if you really wanna
truly educate yourself,
1308
01:10:43,620 --> 01:10:45,172
get off your board
and dive underneath
1309
01:10:45,206 --> 01:10:47,034
and spend some time
on the bottom.
1310
01:10:49,275 --> 01:10:50,689
[Tom] We're
sophisticating ourselves
1311
01:10:50,724 --> 01:10:52,068
in so many areas now.
1312
01:10:52,103 --> 01:10:53,758
We've got a lot
of great technologies
1313
01:10:53,793 --> 01:10:56,379
and they just
keep on evolving.
1314
01:10:56,413 --> 01:10:58,620
We've got to tap into that,
1315
01:10:58,655 --> 01:11:03,034
and so we can live with nature
because we are nature.
1316
01:11:03,068 --> 01:11:04,655
If we can use technology
1317
01:11:04,689 --> 01:11:07,241
to actually create
that scenario,
1318
01:11:07,275 --> 01:11:08,758
I think that's ideal.
1319
01:11:11,103 --> 01:11:14,137
[water splashing]
1320
01:11:14,172 --> 01:11:15,758
I think New South Wales,
1321
01:11:15,793 --> 01:11:18,172
the shark management
program here
1322
01:11:18,206 --> 01:11:19,689
and the shark
management strategy
1323
01:11:19,724 --> 01:11:22,103
is in very much
a transition phase.
1324
01:11:22,137 --> 01:11:24,241
And it has been
for probably a decade now,
1325
01:11:24,275 --> 01:11:26,965
where it's moving away
from lethal controls
1326
01:11:27,000 --> 01:11:29,793
like shark nets
and lethal drumlines.
1327
01:11:29,827 --> 01:11:32,862
So SMART drumlines have been
used for a few years down here
1328
01:11:32,896 --> 01:11:34,413
in New South Wales.
1329
01:11:34,448 --> 01:11:35,758
A SMART drumline
is very similar
1330
01:11:35,793 --> 01:11:36,965
to a traditional drumline.
1331
01:11:37,000 --> 01:11:40,000
It's a baited hook
on a floating buoy
1332
01:11:40,034 --> 01:11:42,000
about 500 meters off shore.
1333
01:11:42,034 --> 01:11:44,413
The differences is that
this has a GPS transceiver
1334
01:11:44,448 --> 01:11:46,000
that sends a message
to a satellite
1335
01:11:46,034 --> 01:11:47,310
once an animal is hooked,
1336
01:11:47,344 --> 01:11:49,827
that sends another message
down to the contractor,
1337
01:11:49,862 --> 01:11:51,103
who can race out there,
1338
01:11:51,137 --> 01:11:53,517
uh, preferably or hopefully
within about 30 minutes
1339
01:11:53,551 --> 01:11:54,931
of an animal being caught.
1340
01:11:54,965 --> 01:11:57,172
Um, if it's a
non-target animal,
1341
01:11:57,206 --> 01:12:00,068
it's released
on the spot immediately.
1342
01:12:00,103 --> 01:12:01,862
And if it is a target shark,
1343
01:12:01,896 --> 01:12:03,793
um, it can be tagged
and relocated.
1344
01:12:04,931 --> 01:12:07,862
So there's a smartphone app
along with Shark Smart
1345
01:12:07,896 --> 01:12:10,344
that will send people
a message, who have the app,
1346
01:12:10,379 --> 01:12:13,896
when a tagged shark
comes within the vicinity
of a listening station.
1347
01:12:13,931 --> 01:12:16,103
What it does is
it's changing attitudes.
1348
01:12:16,137 --> 01:12:18,482
It's allowing people
the option,
1349
01:12:18,517 --> 01:12:21,068
who want to choose a place
to bring their family,
1350
01:12:21,103 --> 01:12:22,931
or for them
to enjoy the ocean,
1351
01:12:22,965 --> 01:12:24,896
it allows them
to look on their phone,
1352
01:12:24,931 --> 01:12:27,103
see if there's a shark
sighted in that area,
1353
01:12:27,137 --> 01:12:29,517
and it allows them to make
that decision independently
1354
01:12:29,551 --> 01:12:32,000
and bring some of that
responsibility home.
1355
01:12:32,034 --> 01:12:33,103
And I think that change
of attitude
1356
01:12:33,137 --> 01:12:34,931
is very, very important
for us to start
1357
01:12:34,965 --> 01:12:37,206
not relying so much
on the government
1358
01:12:37,241 --> 01:12:40,068
making decisions for us,
but providing information
1359
01:12:40,103 --> 01:12:43,413
so that we can make those
informed decisions on our own.
1360
01:12:43,448 --> 01:12:46,482
We are still concerned about
animal welfare of sharks
1361
01:12:46,517 --> 01:12:48,793
and other animals being caught
on the SMART drumlines
1362
01:12:48,827 --> 01:12:51,241
and how healthy they are
once they're released.
1363
01:12:54,517 --> 01:12:56,655
[Madison] We're not the only
country with this issue.
1364
01:12:56,689 --> 01:12:58,379
There are countries
all around the world
1365
01:12:58,413 --> 01:13:00,517
that are tackling
it differently.
1366
01:13:00,551 --> 01:13:02,344
And when you look
at those systems,
1367
01:13:02,379 --> 01:13:05,379
it's insane to think
that we haven't started
doing that here yet.
1368
01:13:05,413 --> 01:13:08,068
There are systems getting
worked on in Australia
1369
01:13:08,103 --> 01:13:10,103
and all around the world
to protect people
1370
01:13:10,137 --> 01:13:12,586
against this very issue
of shark attacks,
1371
01:13:12,620 --> 01:13:15,103
and some of them
are far more effective,
1372
01:13:15,137 --> 01:13:16,448
provenly effective
1373
01:13:16,482 --> 01:13:18,206
than what we have here
right now.
1374
01:13:23,068 --> 01:13:24,965
[Bana] Right here
in Australia,
1375
01:13:25,000 --> 01:13:27,379
and in other places
around the world,
1376
01:13:27,413 --> 01:13:29,965
we are developing
less destructive
1377
01:13:30,000 --> 01:13:31,965
and more effective technology
1378
01:13:32,000 --> 01:13:35,413
to protect us
while enjoying our oceans.
1379
01:13:35,448 --> 01:13:38,206
Solutions that actually
protect people
1380
01:13:38,241 --> 01:13:41,103
and have no unintended
side effects,
1381
01:13:41,137 --> 01:13:44,517
establishing a safer future
for both humans
1382
01:13:44,551 --> 01:13:46,551
and sharks to coexist.
1383
01:13:56,137 --> 01:13:58,310
So we started out
very early on
1384
01:13:58,344 --> 01:14:00,896
in a lot of the New South
Wales Government trials,
1385
01:14:00,931 --> 01:14:03,620
and just seeing if drones
could actually be used
1386
01:14:03,655 --> 01:14:07,241
to spot sharks
and how we could
use that for mitigation.
1387
01:14:07,275 --> 01:14:10,068
So from very early phases
through to working out,
1388
01:14:10,103 --> 01:14:11,482
like, if it could be used
1389
01:14:11,517 --> 01:14:14,448
to developing standard
operating procedures,
at what heights,
1390
01:14:14,482 --> 01:14:16,310
um, and what we could
actually see,
1391
01:14:16,344 --> 01:14:18,827
then we've sort of developed
with that program.
1392
01:14:18,862 --> 01:14:23,482
Lifeguards literally have them
on the beach now as a tool,
1393
01:14:23,517 --> 01:14:25,413
so helping develop
their training packages
1394
01:14:25,448 --> 01:14:26,620
and their procedures
in there as well.
1395
01:14:29,103 --> 01:14:30,931
Just after a few months
of starting,
1396
01:14:30,965 --> 01:14:32,758
I noticed, starting
to read comments online
1397
01:14:32,793 --> 01:14:34,241
like, "Oh, we should to go
to this beach.
1398
01:14:34,275 --> 01:14:37,379
They have drone shark
surveillance and lifeguards."
1399
01:14:37,413 --> 01:14:39,551
There's definitely
different technologies
that are coming along.
1400
01:14:39,586 --> 01:14:41,586
There's a few different
companies working with it.
1401
01:14:41,620 --> 01:14:43,655
Australia is definitely
leading the way in this.
1402
01:14:43,689 --> 01:14:45,896
I think drone
technology is here.
1403
01:14:45,931 --> 01:14:48,103
Like right now,
let's just use it.
1404
01:14:56,448 --> 01:14:58,034
Look, the way
the technology works
1405
01:14:58,068 --> 01:15:00,448
is actually
ridiculously simple.
1406
01:15:00,482 --> 01:15:04,103
Um, sharks
have the same senses
that we have to find food.
1407
01:15:04,137 --> 01:15:06,103
So sight, sound, and smell,
1408
01:15:06,137 --> 01:15:09,172
but they also have
these little electrical
receptors in their snout
1409
01:15:09,206 --> 01:15:10,793
called Ampullae of Lorenzini,
1410
01:15:10,827 --> 01:15:12,172
they're little
gel-filled sacs.
1411
01:15:12,206 --> 01:15:15,448
Now every living creature
gives off an electric field.
1412
01:15:15,482 --> 01:15:18,448
And so you might see
in a nature video
1413
01:15:18,482 --> 01:15:21,000
a stingray swimming
along the sandy bottom
1414
01:15:21,034 --> 01:15:22,827
and then digging down
and finding a crab.
1415
01:15:22,862 --> 01:15:24,379
They found that crab
1416
01:15:24,413 --> 01:15:26,448
because of the electrical
field coming off the crab.
1417
01:15:26,482 --> 01:15:28,793
So you can see how sensitive
these things are.
1418
01:15:28,827 --> 01:15:31,896
And so what you do
is you get two electrodes,
1419
01:15:31,931 --> 01:15:33,896
you run a current
between the two electrodes,
1420
01:15:33,931 --> 01:15:36,068
and it creates
an electrical field
1421
01:15:36,103 --> 01:15:38,137
that's thousands
of times stronger
1422
01:15:38,172 --> 01:15:40,931
than what the shark
would expect to experience.
1423
01:15:40,965 --> 01:15:42,586
The shark comes near it,
1424
01:15:42,620 --> 01:15:45,344
causes the gel-filled sacs
to spasm, turns away.
1425
01:15:45,379 --> 01:15:47,344
Exactly the same
as if I shine a bright light
1426
01:15:47,379 --> 01:15:50,000
in your face, in your eyes,
you would just take turn away.
1427
01:15:50,034 --> 01:15:51,724
The eyes are over sensitized.
1428
01:15:51,758 --> 01:15:54,620
So it doesn't harm the shark.
The shark can leave the area.
1429
01:15:54,655 --> 01:15:56,655
So the University
of Western Australia,
1430
01:15:56,689 --> 01:16:00,034
what they did is they got
the diving product.
1431
01:16:00,068 --> 01:16:03,379
They put a bait canister
on the device,
1432
01:16:03,413 --> 01:16:04,931
they took it to South Africa,
1433
01:16:04,965 --> 01:16:08,379
they had 322 interactions
with the bait.
1434
01:16:08,413 --> 01:16:10,965
43 different
great white sharks,
1435
01:16:11,000 --> 01:16:13,862
and only one shark
bumped the bait
1436
01:16:13,896 --> 01:16:14,931
when it was on.
1437
01:16:14,965 --> 01:16:16,310
When it was turned off,
the sharks would come in
1438
01:16:16,344 --> 01:16:17,931
and bite the bait
all the time.
1439
01:16:17,965 --> 01:16:20,310
So, amazingly successful.
1440
01:16:22,862 --> 01:16:24,034
So the diving product
1441
01:16:24,068 --> 01:16:25,620
is the one that's
been around the longest.
1442
01:16:25,655 --> 01:16:27,586
It was developed in the '90s.
1443
01:16:27,620 --> 01:16:30,655
The surfboard product
is on generation number two,
1444
01:16:30,689 --> 01:16:34,034
and it's been around
for quite a while as well now.
1445
01:16:35,103 --> 01:16:36,724
[Juan] For me,
as a surfer,
1446
01:16:36,758 --> 01:16:38,793
I would utilize
every type of device
1447
01:16:38,827 --> 01:16:41,551
that I could
to make it safer for me.
1448
01:16:41,586 --> 01:16:42,965
When you're going
to extreme areas
1449
01:16:43,000 --> 01:16:45,689
where you know there
is predators, uh,
1450
01:16:45,724 --> 01:16:49,517
hunting in that area,
it's use what you can.
1451
01:17:01,448 --> 01:17:03,827
[Dr. Sara Andreotti]
The Shark Safe Barrier
is a new technology
1452
01:17:03,862 --> 01:17:06,793
that is designed
to simply keep large sharks
1453
01:17:06,827 --> 01:17:08,827
separated from people.
1454
01:17:08,862 --> 01:17:10,758
We've been observing
white sharks
1455
01:17:10,793 --> 01:17:13,310
hunting around
thick forest of kelp
1456
01:17:13,344 --> 01:17:15,931
for quite a while in Gansbaai
in South Africa,
1457
01:17:15,965 --> 01:17:19,137
and Cape fur seals
are actually utilizing
1458
01:17:19,172 --> 01:17:23,517
the thick kelp to hide
from shark's predation.
1459
01:17:23,551 --> 01:17:26,965
The Shark Safe Barrier
comes from the combination
1460
01:17:27,000 --> 01:17:29,896
of two very well-known
shark deterrents.
1461
01:17:29,931 --> 01:17:34,034
One is the visual appearance
of a thick forest of kelp
1462
01:17:34,068 --> 01:17:38,896
that have been proved
to be avoided by large sharks.
1463
01:17:38,931 --> 01:17:41,724
We suspect that is
because they want to prevent
1464
01:17:41,758 --> 01:17:45,620
getting entangled in,
uh, thick forest of kelp.
1465
01:17:45,655 --> 01:17:47,172
So by presenting the shark
1466
01:17:47,206 --> 01:17:50,344
with something that they
naturally recognize
as a barrier
1467
01:17:50,379 --> 01:17:51,551
is a big plus.
1468
01:17:51,586 --> 01:17:53,689
They know
they have to avoid it.
1469
01:17:53,724 --> 01:17:56,620
Then the second part
of the technology
1470
01:17:56,655 --> 01:18:00,586
that is a shark deterrent
are large ceramic magnets.
1471
01:18:02,137 --> 01:18:06,413
The magnetism overwhelms
the sixth sense of the shark
1472
01:18:06,448 --> 01:18:08,620
and acts as a deterrent.
1473
01:18:08,655 --> 01:18:13,034
We tested it by putting chum
on one side of the barrier,
1474
01:18:13,068 --> 01:18:16,172
a food source that the shark
can recognize as such,
1475
01:18:16,206 --> 01:18:19,724
to try and convince
the shark to swim through it.
1476
01:18:19,758 --> 01:18:22,482
But none of the experiments
we did,
1477
01:18:22,517 --> 01:18:25,310
any of the sharks
actually crossed the pipes.
1478
01:18:25,344 --> 01:18:27,137
It is shark-specific.
1479
01:18:27,172 --> 01:18:30,206
Every other marine animal
can just swim through it,
1480
01:18:30,241 --> 01:18:33,793
and it is designed
to protect surfers.
1481
01:18:33,827 --> 01:18:36,896
There are other
eco-friendly systems
1482
01:18:36,931 --> 01:18:40,379
that can keep swimmers
separated from sharks,
1483
01:18:40,413 --> 01:18:42,862
but compared
to the Shark Safe,
1484
01:18:42,896 --> 01:18:46,482
they have the limitation
of being deployable only
1485
01:18:46,517 --> 01:18:48,103
in very calm weather.
1486
01:18:48,137 --> 01:18:51,620
While the Shark Safe Barrier,
once it's installed,
1487
01:18:51,655 --> 01:18:53,275
it's designed to stay there.
1488
01:18:53,310 --> 01:18:56,931
We can put it in deep water,
we can put it behind surfers,
1489
01:18:56,965 --> 01:19:00,482
to protect their back
as they're surfing.
1490
01:19:00,517 --> 01:19:03,551
We are really, really trying
as hard as we can
1491
01:19:03,586 --> 01:19:07,551
to have a minimal impact
to the environment
1492
01:19:07,586 --> 01:19:09,896
by providing
a solution that is safe
1493
01:19:09,931 --> 01:19:11,689
for both the marine life
1494
01:19:11,724 --> 01:19:13,655
and the people
using the beach.
1495
01:19:19,793 --> 01:19:23,448
[Jonathan]
We could trail these
technologies concurrently
1496
01:19:23,482 --> 01:19:27,172
with the current Shark Control
Program over a season,
1497
01:19:27,206 --> 01:19:29,517
learn how to operate it,
1498
01:19:29,551 --> 01:19:33,517
give people the reassurance
that we're putting in
these non-lethals,
1499
01:19:33,551 --> 01:19:36,103
monitor, do the science
on the non-lethals
1500
01:19:36,137 --> 01:19:37,344
while you're doing it.
1501
01:19:37,379 --> 01:19:39,724
You know, for example,
1502
01:19:39,758 --> 01:19:41,310
have the drone technology
1503
01:19:41,344 --> 01:19:43,551
and record how often
you see sharks,
1504
01:19:43,586 --> 01:19:46,758
how often you make people
safer by bringing them in
1505
01:19:46,793 --> 01:19:48,379
to the beach,
1506
01:19:48,413 --> 01:19:50,586
and then tracking shark
and knowing when
you put them back out.
1507
01:19:50,620 --> 01:19:52,137
Let's do that science.
1508
01:19:52,172 --> 01:19:54,517
Do it while the nets
and drumlines are still
there for a season.
1509
01:19:54,551 --> 01:19:56,413
There is a political answer
for you
1510
01:19:56,448 --> 01:19:59,517
that gives us a transition
1511
01:19:59,551 --> 01:20:03,068
to a non-lethal
shark control program,
1512
01:20:03,103 --> 01:20:04,517
which I've gotta tell you,
1513
01:20:04,551 --> 01:20:06,655
if we are concerned
about tourism in this state,
1514
01:20:07,517 --> 01:20:10,068
progressive
and positive messages
1515
01:20:10,103 --> 01:20:12,517
about the way we treat
our wildlife
1516
01:20:12,551 --> 01:20:14,344
is going to be paramount.
1517
01:20:16,275 --> 01:20:19,310
[Madison]
The way that we treat
animals off our coastline,
1518
01:20:19,344 --> 01:20:22,551
the way that we walk around
like we own the ocean here,
1519
01:20:22,586 --> 01:20:26,413
most countries
would be absolutely ecstatic
1520
01:20:26,448 --> 01:20:28,413
to have the kind
of wildlife that we do,
1521
01:20:28,448 --> 01:20:31,862
and we just abuse
that privilege so much.
1522
01:20:31,896 --> 01:20:33,896
We ignore it as well.
1523
01:20:33,931 --> 01:20:36,137
And I always remember
being in school
1524
01:20:36,172 --> 01:20:38,241
and we had people come
talk to us about snakes,
1525
01:20:38,275 --> 01:20:40,275
we had people come
talk to us about drugs,
1526
01:20:40,310 --> 01:20:42,344
and we had people
come talk to us about
all kinds of things.
1527
01:20:42,379 --> 01:20:45,034
We had surf life savers
come talk to us about rips.
1528
01:20:45,068 --> 01:20:46,275
But nobody taught us
about sharks.
1529
01:20:49,000 --> 01:20:50,655
[Layne]
Education is key.
1530
01:20:50,689 --> 01:20:52,620
And if we're uneducated,
1531
01:20:52,655 --> 01:20:55,413
then we tend
to just be ignorant.
1532
01:20:55,448 --> 01:20:57,827
And then we just go
with what we're told.
1533
01:20:57,862 --> 01:21:00,137
And unfortunately,
we're being told lies,
1534
01:21:00,172 --> 01:21:02,172
we're being told...
1535
01:21:02,206 --> 01:21:04,103
We're actually
being fed bullshit
1536
01:21:04,137 --> 01:21:06,241
around what is feasible,
1537
01:21:06,275 --> 01:21:09,241
what's a feasible way
to mitigate the risk.
1538
01:21:09,275 --> 01:21:11,551
There are wonderful
alternatives to culling,
1539
01:21:11,586 --> 01:21:12,896
and I think that that starts
1540
01:21:12,931 --> 01:21:14,586
with education
in the community
1541
01:21:14,620 --> 01:21:17,344
on what they
as individual citizens can do
1542
01:21:17,379 --> 01:21:18,793
to avoid an adverse
interaction,
1543
01:21:18,827 --> 01:21:20,068
and educating them about
1544
01:21:20,103 --> 01:21:21,965
where it might be
safer to swim,
1545
01:21:22,000 --> 01:21:23,827
maybe employing
more lifesavers
1546
01:21:23,862 --> 01:21:25,724
who would actually
save a lot more lives
1547
01:21:25,758 --> 01:21:27,034
than these culling practices,
1548
01:21:27,068 --> 01:21:29,379
which are probably
more endangering lives.
1549
01:21:33,206 --> 01:21:36,241
As a surfer, swimmer,
diver, and ocean-goer,
1550
01:21:36,275 --> 01:21:39,103
there are things
that you can do to avoid
an adverse interaction,
1551
01:21:39,137 --> 01:21:42,172
reduce your chances
of encountering a shark.
1552
01:21:42,206 --> 01:21:44,275
And that's looking around
and being aware.
1553
01:21:44,310 --> 01:21:46,344
Actually turning
your body around.
1554
01:21:46,379 --> 01:21:48,896
And factoring in
environmental conditions
1555
01:21:48,931 --> 01:21:51,965
like your proximity to other
marine animals, runoff,
1556
01:21:52,000 --> 01:21:56,172
rivers, stream outlets,
fishermen, fishing harbors,
1557
01:21:56,206 --> 01:21:58,172
and minimizing splashing
on the surface,
1558
01:21:58,206 --> 01:22:01,241
and bright fluorescent colors
that make you stand out
1559
01:22:01,275 --> 01:22:02,827
amongst everything else.
1560
01:22:05,758 --> 01:22:09,620
The Shark Control Program,
or basically stopping culling,
1561
01:22:09,655 --> 01:22:12,931
is one thing that we can do
relatively quick,
1562
01:22:12,965 --> 01:22:15,896
that will reduce
some of the pressure
1563
01:22:15,931 --> 01:22:17,896
that sharks face.
1564
01:22:17,931 --> 01:22:20,551
In order to, I suppose,
formally make a decision
1565
01:22:20,586 --> 01:22:24,482
and then enact that decision,
um, that in itself takes time.
1566
01:22:24,517 --> 01:22:28,000
But we're hoping that sooner
rather than later, especially,
1567
01:22:28,034 --> 01:22:29,827
you know, for people
who do use the water,
1568
01:22:29,862 --> 01:22:31,379
sooner rather than later,
1569
01:22:31,413 --> 01:22:34,034
effective safety measures
are put in place.
1570
01:22:36,448 --> 01:22:38,379
[Lawrence] So there are shark
advocates everywhere.
1571
01:22:38,413 --> 01:22:41,379
I think anyone who's fortunate
enough, as I have been,
1572
01:22:41,413 --> 01:22:43,310
to be able to spend
sometime in the water
1573
01:22:43,344 --> 01:22:44,586
with some of these animals,
1574
01:22:44,620 --> 01:22:46,758
they'll all tell you what
a spiritual experience it is.
1575
01:22:46,793 --> 01:22:48,275
And you see their behavior,
1576
01:22:48,310 --> 01:22:50,758
and you see the thoughtfulness
behind their eyes.
1577
01:22:50,793 --> 01:22:52,793
And anyone that's been
able to experience that
1578
01:22:52,827 --> 01:22:54,448
immediately becomes
a shark advocate.
1579
01:22:54,482 --> 01:22:55,862
You just cannot help it.
1580
01:22:57,517 --> 01:22:59,517
[Juan] Kind of turning
that fear into a fascination
1581
01:22:59,551 --> 01:23:01,862
and that fascination
into, like, a healthy respect
1582
01:23:01,896 --> 01:23:03,758
to wanna do something
to help protect them.
1583
01:23:03,793 --> 01:23:05,827
Especially once
you hear the information.
1584
01:23:05,862 --> 01:23:07,827
And I'm hoping that
can be an infective thing,
1585
01:23:07,862 --> 01:23:09,379
where other people
will do the same thing
1586
01:23:09,413 --> 01:23:10,689
that I did, basically.
1587
01:23:10,724 --> 01:23:12,827
And that's what I'm trying
to do with my photography.
1588
01:23:12,862 --> 01:23:14,827
It's just showing
that we can coexist,
1589
01:23:14,862 --> 01:23:17,068
that we can share the same
waters with these animals
1590
01:23:17,103 --> 01:23:18,482
and that we need
these animals.
1591
01:23:18,517 --> 01:23:20,689
Like, most people
just don't know the truth.
1592
01:23:20,724 --> 01:23:22,689
And if they did,
I have to feel like
1593
01:23:22,724 --> 01:23:24,448
they would make changes
1594
01:23:24,482 --> 01:23:26,103
in the way that
they consume things
1595
01:23:26,137 --> 01:23:28,172
and the way
that they would actually
1596
01:23:28,206 --> 01:23:31,172
vote with their dollar
or even just with a voice,
1597
01:23:31,206 --> 01:23:33,137
just speaking up
for these animals.
1598
01:23:33,172 --> 01:23:34,758
They need it now
more than ever.
1599
01:23:34,793 --> 01:23:37,379
I mean, if those studies
are even remotely close,
1600
01:23:37,413 --> 01:23:40,241
and 5% of the world's shark
population is all we got left,
1601
01:23:40,275 --> 01:23:43,758
then there's never
a more important time
to act than right now.
1602
01:23:45,793 --> 01:23:48,482
Every time
we enter the ocean,
1603
01:23:48,517 --> 01:23:50,413
we're taking
our life in our hands,
1604
01:23:50,448 --> 01:23:52,586
because it is not
our backyard swimming pool.
1605
01:23:52,620 --> 01:23:54,724
Everything we do
to control nature
1606
01:23:54,758 --> 01:23:57,896
has a domino effect
that ripples down onto us.
1607
01:23:57,931 --> 01:24:00,103
So we have to take care
of this environment,
1608
01:24:00,137 --> 01:24:01,965
we have to treasure our sharks
1609
01:24:02,000 --> 01:24:04,517
and understand exactly
what it is they do
1610
01:24:04,551 --> 01:24:06,413
to keep their ecosystem
in check.
1611
01:24:10,620 --> 01:24:13,344
I hope that more people's
eyes will be open
1612
01:24:13,379 --> 01:24:16,862
to the importance
of sharks, their plight,
1613
01:24:16,896 --> 01:24:18,724
and that people
will join together
1614
01:24:18,758 --> 01:24:20,620
and do something
to help protect them.
1615
01:24:20,655 --> 01:24:23,655
Just like what was done
for the protection of whales
1616
01:24:23,689 --> 01:24:25,862
and many marine animals
and cetaceans
1617
01:24:25,896 --> 01:24:27,551
and even turtles
around the world.
1618
01:24:27,586 --> 01:24:29,862
And I think that
I see the change already,
1619
01:24:29,896 --> 01:24:31,965
especially with
the influence of media
1620
01:24:32,000 --> 01:24:35,068
and different companies
getting on board
and getting involved.
1621
01:24:36,379 --> 01:24:38,551
Your voice matters,
you know,
1622
01:24:38,586 --> 01:24:39,724
especially 'cause
you don't know
1623
01:24:39,758 --> 01:24:41,172
what kind of chain reaction
it's gonna have.
1624
01:24:41,206 --> 01:24:43,103
You don't know what kind
of seed it's gonna plant,
1625
01:24:43,137 --> 01:24:45,551
and, you know, the politicians
and the big businesses
1626
01:24:45,586 --> 01:24:47,034
will listen to the masses.
1627
01:24:47,068 --> 01:24:50,620
Start. Don't think that
you can't make a difference
because you can.
1628
01:24:52,620 --> 01:24:54,862
[Madison] The shark nets
are the one thing
1629
01:24:54,896 --> 01:24:59,103
that I have never
successfully dented.
1630
01:24:59,137 --> 01:25:01,517
It's just an insane enemy
to be up against.
1631
01:25:01,551 --> 01:25:04,275
So I've always been
at war with them
1632
01:25:04,310 --> 01:25:05,965
throughout my entire life.
1633
01:25:06,000 --> 01:25:07,413
It's probably one
of the biggest wars
1634
01:25:07,448 --> 01:25:08,896
in shark conservation
1635
01:25:08,931 --> 01:25:11,241
because it is such
a delicate issue.
1636
01:25:11,275 --> 01:25:12,793
It is just off our coastline,
1637
01:25:12,827 --> 01:25:14,724
but it's so hidden
from the public.
1638
01:25:14,758 --> 01:25:17,241
Making that awareness
possible is really difficult.
1639
01:25:17,275 --> 01:25:19,931
And dealing
with people's mentalities
is really difficult.
1640
01:25:19,965 --> 01:25:21,275
So I don't know.
1641
01:25:21,310 --> 01:25:23,068
It's always been
a huge challenge to me,
1642
01:25:23,103 --> 01:25:25,103
and I feel pretty confident
in what I've been able to do
1643
01:25:25,137 --> 01:25:27,172
for sharks around the world,
1644
01:25:27,206 --> 01:25:30,413
but here,
it's one of those things
1645
01:25:30,448 --> 01:25:32,758
that I think I'll be battling
for the rest of my life.
1646
01:25:38,551 --> 01:25:41,000
[Bana] Humans have shared
the oceans with these animals
1647
01:25:41,034 --> 01:25:46,206
for a mere fraction of their
450-million-year existence.
1648
01:25:46,241 --> 01:25:49,448
Sharks are the ultimate
apex predators.
1649
01:25:51,000 --> 01:25:54,827
They have survived and
adapted throughout ice ages,
1650
01:25:54,862 --> 01:25:57,620
heat waves,
and mass extinctions,
1651
01:25:57,655 --> 01:25:59,793
to be the perfectly
evolved creatures
1652
01:25:59,827 --> 01:26:02,068
we share our oceans
with today.
1653
01:26:03,275 --> 01:26:05,137
But there is one
mass extinction
1654
01:26:05,172 --> 01:26:08,379
they are struggling
to survive.
1655
01:26:08,413 --> 01:26:12,724
The one our arrogance,
entitlement, and fear
is fueling.
1656
01:26:15,241 --> 01:26:18,551
There are positive
changes being made,
1657
01:26:18,586 --> 01:26:23,551
driven by a dedicated few,
but we need more voices.
1658
01:26:25,517 --> 01:26:27,482
At this point in our history,
1659
01:26:27,517 --> 01:26:29,620
we know that we must
protect them,
1660
01:26:29,655 --> 01:26:33,103
not just for them to survive,
but for our own survival.
1661
01:26:35,000 --> 01:26:38,724
Sharks will survive
just fine without us,
1662
01:26:38,758 --> 01:26:41,275
but we cannot survive
without them.
1663
01:26:42,620 --> 01:26:45,586
For their future and ours,
1664
01:26:45,620 --> 01:26:48,896
we must become their envoy.
1665
01:28:11,137 --> 01:28:16,482
[dramatic music playing]
1666
01:28:16,517 --> 01:28:18,517
-Save the sharks.
-Save the sharks.
1667
01:28:18,551 --> 01:28:22,344
[man] Thousands held
protests in Melbourne
and Perth on Saturday.
1668
01:28:22,379 --> 01:28:24,551
They called on the
Western Australian Government
1669
01:28:24,586 --> 01:28:27,206
to abandon
the shark culling plan
1670
01:28:27,241 --> 01:28:29,172
announced last month.
1671
01:28:29,206 --> 01:28:31,241
Six people have been
killed by sharks
1672
01:28:31,275 --> 01:28:33,793
and several more attacked
in the local waters
1673
01:28:33,827 --> 01:28:35,620
since September 2011.
1674
01:28:35,655 --> 01:28:37,448
That's gonna target
large sharks
1675
01:28:37,482 --> 01:28:39,862
including, uh, the vulnerable
great white shark,
1676
01:28:39,896 --> 01:28:44,586
and we believe it's 2014
and we're beyond that now.
1677
01:28:44,620 --> 01:28:48,448
[man] Under the plan,
baited drumlines would be
set off local beaches
1678
01:28:48,482 --> 01:28:50,206
to catch great white sharks,
1679
01:28:50,241 --> 01:28:53,241
tiger, and bull sharks
bigger than three meters.
1680
01:28:53,275 --> 01:28:54,931
Protesters claim
killing sharks
1681
01:28:54,965 --> 01:28:57,275
would devastate
the marine ecosystem.
1682
01:28:57,310 --> 01:29:01,137
[woman] The protests grew
from hundreds to thousands.
1683
01:29:01,172 --> 01:29:02,827
It's their water!
1684
01:29:02,862 --> 01:29:04,413
[all] Stop the slaughter!
1685
01:29:04,448 --> 01:29:07,551
Please just change
the policy.
1686
01:29:07,586 --> 01:29:09,862
[woman] Some protesters
went too far
1687
01:29:09,896 --> 01:29:13,172
with death threats
against the premier
and fisheries minister
1688
01:29:13,206 --> 01:29:15,448
and abuse
for contract fishermen.
1689
01:29:15,482 --> 01:29:19,137
But even shark victims
didn't like the drumlines.
1690
01:29:19,172 --> 01:29:21,793
Killing animals
isn't the greatest idea.
1691
01:29:21,827 --> 01:29:23,517
It's barbaric,
it's ridiculous.
1692
01:29:23,551 --> 01:29:27,482
[woman]
In three months last summer,
172 sharks were caught,
1693
01:29:27,517 --> 01:29:30,206
more than 60 were shot
or found dead.
1694
01:29:30,241 --> 01:29:32,896
None were great whites.
1695
01:29:32,931 --> 01:29:35,379
Good evening, the state
government's drumline policy
1696
01:29:35,413 --> 01:29:38,103
has been scrapped after the
environmental watchdog
1697
01:29:38,137 --> 01:29:39,551
warned against it.
1698
01:29:39,586 --> 01:29:42,689
The premier used the
EPA report to pull the plug
1699
01:29:42,724 --> 01:29:44,482
on the controversial kill.
1700
01:29:44,517 --> 01:29:46,379
Matt Tinney,
what does that mean
1701
01:29:46,413 --> 01:29:47,827
for our beaches this summer?
1702
01:29:48,724 --> 01:29:50,137
Libby, put simply,
this summer,
1703
01:29:50,172 --> 01:29:53,413
sharks will not be
caught and killed
like we've seen before.
1704
01:29:53,448 --> 01:29:55,103
In fact,
we may never see it again.
1705
01:29:55,137 --> 01:29:58,931
Colin Barnett now thinks
Perth beaches are safe
without drumlines,
1706
01:29:58,965 --> 01:30:01,413
but he says
he still has a responsibility
1707
01:30:01,448 --> 01:30:03,586
to try to prevent
shark attacks.
1708
01:30:07,413 --> 01:30:10,586
[man] Dead in the water,
the state government's
drumline policy
1709
01:30:10,620 --> 01:30:12,827
has effectively
been killed off.
1710
01:30:12,862 --> 01:30:14,793
[Colin Barnett]
No, look, I don't think
drumlines will apply
1711
01:30:14,827 --> 01:30:16,517
in Western Australia
for the summer.
1712
01:30:16,551 --> 01:30:18,448
And probably maybe not again.
1713
01:30:18,482 --> 01:30:19,551
[man]
The state government
1714
01:30:19,586 --> 01:30:22,172
had planned to deploy
drumlines in two months,
1715
01:30:22,206 --> 01:30:25,275
up to 72 off Perth
and the Southwest
1716
01:30:25,310 --> 01:30:29,241
from November to April
until 2017.
1717
01:30:29,275 --> 01:30:32,000
But today, the Environmental
Protection Authority
1718
01:30:32,034 --> 01:30:34,379
gave the proposal
the thumbs down.
1719
01:30:34,413 --> 01:30:37,931
The EPA has recommended
that this proposal
1720
01:30:37,965 --> 01:30:39,551
not be implemented.
1721
01:30:39,586 --> 01:30:41,655
I repeat,
the EPA has recommended
1722
01:30:41,689 --> 01:30:44,034
that this proposal
not be implemented.
1723
01:30:44,068 --> 01:30:46,137
[man] The EPA says
there's a high degree
1724
01:30:46,172 --> 01:30:50,344
of scientific uncertainty
about impacts on the viability
1725
01:30:50,379 --> 01:30:53,517
of the southwestern
great white shark population.
1726
01:30:53,551 --> 01:30:57,413
The government had estimated
up to 25 great whites
1727
01:30:57,448 --> 01:30:59,758
would be killed
as part of the program.
1728
01:31:01,000 --> 01:31:02,310
[man 1]
This is fucked, aye.
1729
01:31:02,344 --> 01:31:03,655
I know you guys
are just doing your job,
1730
01:31:03,689 --> 01:31:05,551
but this is just cruel, man.
1731
01:31:05,586 --> 01:31:07,620
If you are going to
put it down, put it down.
134725
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