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Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:02,000 --> 00:00:07,000 Downloaded from YTS.MX 2 00:00:08,000 --> 00:00:13,000 Official YIFY movies site: YTS.MX 3 00:02:10,160 --> 00:02:25,400 Is it bad, is it egoistic when people who have been placed in certain positions 4 00:02:28,440 --> 00:02:37,560 try to do something that is beneficial for them, 5 00:02:38,400 --> 00:02:44,880 even when they know that by doing so they end up harming someone else? 6 00:02:44,920 --> 00:02:55,920 But we don′t think that far. Indifference and short-sightedness. 7 00:03:08,880 --> 00:03:13,840 I have, perhaps, worked with more criminals in my life than I know. 8 00:03:13,880 --> 00:03:17,360 You don′t know that before. 9 00:03:17,400 --> 00:03:31,880 And during the time when and I must say, I didn′t work with him, but worked for him, 10 00:03:32,960 --> 00:03:42,280 he was for me, of course, one of the top bosses, straight after Hitler. 11 00:03:48,680 --> 00:03:51,920 The Führer has commanded, and we will follow him. 12 00:03:51,960 --> 00:03:57,520 In this hour of national reflection and contemplation, 13 00:03:57,560 --> 00:04:02,320 we believe firmly and unshakably in victory. 14 00:04:02,360 --> 00:04:08,720 We see it before us, we need only reach for it. 15 00:04:08,760 --> 00:04:14,360 We must resolve to subordinate everything to it. 16 00:04:14,400 --> 00:04:16,440 That is the duty of the hour. 17 00:04:16,480 --> 00:04:29,360 Let the slogan be: Now, people rise up and let the storm break loose! 18 00:04:46,760 --> 00:04:53,680 The only thing you can say about Goebbels is that he was an outstanding actor. 19 00:04:53,720 --> 00:04:57,160 He was a good actor. 20 00:04:58,640 --> 00:05:09,640 No other actor could have been any better at performing the transformation 21 00:05:09,680 --> 00:05:21,000 from a civilised, serious person into that ranting and raving rowdy than himself. 22 00:05:21,560 --> 00:05:27,040 That′s for certain. You wouldn′t have believed it was the same person. 23 00:05:27,080 --> 00:05:33,040 That finally became clear at the Sportpalast event. 24 00:05:33,080 --> 00:05:45,240 To experience him directly at a distance of 10-15 meters, 25 00:05:45,880 --> 00:05:52,880 someone whom you saw almost every day, 26 00:05:52,920 --> 00:06:01,160 who came into the office all smart and elegant, with a kind of noble elegance 27 00:06:01,200 --> 00:06:09,200 and then to see him there like a raging midget. 28 00:06:09,240 --> 00:06:16,000 Well, you just couldn′t imagine a greater contrast. 29 00:06:35,120 --> 00:06:39,800 Cowboys and Indians 30 00:06:39,960 --> 00:06:43,320 Indians lying in ambush 31 00:06:47,800 --> 00:06:50,760 A clueless hiker comes along 32 00:06:54,600 --> 00:06:56,080 The holdup 33 00:07:06,160 --> 00:07:08,520 Tied to a tree 34 00:07:19,280 --> 00:07:21,840 Help is on the way 35 00:07:33,920 --> 00:07:35,640 Liberated 36 00:07:47,240 --> 00:07:58,920 It may sound a bit strange, but I can even recall the outbreak of the First World War. 37 00:07:59,680 --> 00:08:07,440 Papa received a telegram: ‶Come immediately, conscription order.″ 38 00:08:07,480 --> 00:08:15,800 The war had broken out and my father was one of the first who was drafted. 39 00:08:16,480 --> 00:08:28,520 He came back after the war had ended, in November anyway, he was home for Xmas. 40 00:08:28,560 --> 00:08:36,920 We children thought: What′s this strange man doing in our flat? 41 00:08:36,960 --> 00:08:52,200 The first thing my father did was to remove all the bedpans from under our beds. 42 00:08:52,240 --> 00:08:57,280 We each had our own bedpan under the bed. 43 00:08:57,880 --> 00:09:02,840 After that, we had to creep through the flat in pitch dark, 44 00:09:02,880 --> 00:09:10,920 which was full of witches and evil spirits during the night. 45 00:09:10,960 --> 00:09:21,360 Just because Papa banned the bedpans. Those are some of my earliest childhood memories. 46 00:09:24,040 --> 00:09:28,440 We weren′t particularly open-minded in Germany, back then. 47 00:09:28,480 --> 00:09:32,360 It was a different world at that time, 48 00:09:32,400 --> 00:09:36,360 that′s what people living today can′t comprehend. 49 00:09:36,400 --> 00:09:44,920 It was such a different, narrow-minded life. 50 00:09:44,960 --> 00:09:52,560 It started with the children′s upbringing, if you were naughty, you were thrashed. 51 00:09:52,600 --> 00:09:58,640 You didn′t get far with love and understanding. 52 00:09:58,680 --> 00:10:06,360 Sometimes we weren′t immediately punished and Papa might then say: 53 00:10:06,400 --> 00:10:09,520 ‶Right, all of you. Get lined up.″ 54 00:10:09,560 --> 00:10:17,360 And then we were all spanked with the carpet beater, including me. 55 00:10:17,800 --> 00:10:28,200 It became part of family life, to follow the rules but, at the same time, 56 00:10:28,240 --> 00:10:37,400 to also cheat a bit, to lie or put the blame on someone else. 57 00:10:37,440 --> 00:10:49,600 This awakened things in children that were not actually in them before. 58 00:10:49,640 --> 00:10:54,800 It has always remained part of me. 59 00:10:54,840 --> 00:11:04,800 This Prussian something, this sense of duty. 60 00:11:04,840 --> 00:11:16,760 And a bit of this well, subordination goes too far, 61 00:11:16,800 --> 00:11:28,840 but you certainly had to integrate yourself into the family clan. 62 00:12:27,560 --> 00:12:32,560 For us that certainly was a Sunday that was very different from the rest. 63 00:12:32,600 --> 00:12:41,200 There was a great atmosphere with flags and music and posters and life all over Berlin. 64 00:12:41,240 --> 00:12:43,880 Election days were really something grand. 65 00:12:43,920 --> 00:12:53,560 But that it was all about politics - we children were in no way involved in that. 66 00:12:53,960 --> 00:12:56,280 There were quite a few elections; 67 00:12:56,320 --> 00:13:03,200 we always wanted to know ‶Who did you vote for?″ ‶That′s none of your business!″ 68 00:13:07,080 --> 00:13:13,680 You shouldn′t say something like that, I might have developed differently. 69 00:13:13,720 --> 00:13:18,920 Would have learnt something about responsibility, 70 00:13:18,960 --> 00:13:22,800 would have wanted to become something more responsible. 71 00:13:22,840 --> 00:13:28,560 So I ended up being rather frivolous, somewhat superficial. 72 00:13:36,680 --> 00:13:43,480 Anyway, it certainly helped me, being the way I was! 73 00:13:56,320 --> 00:14:11,440 I sometimes admire young people today, from what I′ve seen on TV, 74 00:14:13,920 --> 00:14:19,600 and the way they are already grappling with such problems. 75 00:14:19,640 --> 00:14:28,880 We never did that. No way. For me, they are far more mature and 76 00:14:30,240 --> 00:14:32,920 I really give them recognition for that. 77 00:14:32,960 --> 00:14:44,600 I wish we had been brought up like that, but we had to be more obedient, 78 00:14:44,640 --> 00:14:54,320 and that′s easier to achieve through strictness and occasional punishment. 79 00:14:54,360 --> 00:15:01,640 Everything works better, there′s more order to it. 80 00:15:01,680 --> 00:15:07,440 Whether that is more desirable, is another question. 81 00:15:28,520 --> 00:15:32,320 And what may I ask is an Aryan? 82 00:15:32,560 --> 00:15:34,920 I dont know myself. 83 00:15:35,000 --> 00:15:37,680 But let us see, 84 00:15:37,760 --> 00:15:41,440 what our present, so called authorities have to say about it. 85 00:15:41,640 --> 00:15:44,920 They say he is tall, 86 00:15:49,800 --> 00:15:52,200 slender, 87 00:15:57,200 --> 00:16:00,080 blue eyed 88 00:16:01,600 --> 00:16:04,320 and blonde. 89 00:16:05,200 --> 00:16:08,320 There is no Aryan race, 90 00:16:08,560 --> 00:16:13,560 and more important: there is no master-race. 91 00:16:14,000 --> 00:16:18,480 There are people who may find these ideas convenient, 92 00:16:18,960 --> 00:16:22,360 but sience can not support them. 93 00:16:22,560 --> 00:16:27,920 There is no scientific proof that there is any correlation 94 00:16:28,000 --> 00:16:34,400 between a mans racial characteristics and his native ability or character. 95 00:16:34,720 --> 00:16:40,880 In all racial groups we find the same range of potentialities, 96 00:16:41,160 --> 00:16:44,720 we find idiots and geniuses, 97 00:16:44,880 --> 00:16:48,560 we find criminals and philanthropists. 98 00:16:49,000 --> 00:16:54,360 We must judge each man as an individual 99 00:16:54,440 --> 00:16:59,360 and not by the colour of his skin, 100 00:16:59,440 --> 00:17:04,360 or his eyes or the length of his nose. 101 00:17:09,320 --> 00:17:12,160 Come in gentlemen, 102 00:17:12,240 --> 00:17:15,200 make yourselves comfortable. 103 00:17:15,720 --> 00:17:19,480 There are many differences between individuals, 104 00:17:19,640 --> 00:17:22,320 we each have different capabilities, 105 00:17:22,400 --> 00:17:27,160 different backgrounds, different views about whats right and wrong. 106 00:17:27,240 --> 00:17:30,960 Like the difference between me and these gentlemen 107 00:17:31,040 --> 00:17:33,360 who have just arrived. 108 00:17:33,440 --> 00:17:37,920 But that is not the difference in race, 109 00:17:38,440 --> 00:17:42,160 it is a difference in the way we think: 110 00:17:43,600 --> 00:17:45,200 Remember that. 111 00:17:45,280 --> 00:17:49,120 And remember, that there is no master-race. 112 00:17:49,320 --> 00:17:52,280 That is a scientific truth. 113 00:17:52,560 --> 00:17:57,120 Anyone who tells you otherwise is lying. 114 00:18:06,440 --> 00:18:13,480 Should I open myself to the accusation that I wasn't interested in politics? 115 00:18:13,560 --> 00:18:16,040 Not at all, it might be good. 116 00:18:16,080 --> 00:18:21,840 The idealism of youth might have lead you to a side 117 00:18:21,880 --> 00:18:27,600 which could have easily broken your neck. 118 00:18:41,880 --> 00:18:48,280 Back then, I had a boyfriend, a student from Heidelberg. 119 00:18:52,720 --> 00:18:56,480 No big love, but he was my first boyfriend. 120 00:18:56,520 --> 00:19:04,960 My girlfriends already had one, and went out with them and I still didn′t have one. 121 00:19:05,320 --> 00:19:09,520 And so they did a bit of matchmaking. 122 00:19:09,920 --> 00:19:14,440 And eventually I got him to the point where he said: 123 00:19:14,480 --> 00:19:18,960 ‶I′ve got two tickets for the Sportpalast.″ 124 00:19:19,360 --> 00:19:25,120 The Sportpalast was always a real spectacle in Berlin. 125 00:19:25,160 --> 00:19:36,800 They had boxing fights, and these wonderful show races on ice skates and so on. 126 00:19:36,840 --> 00:19:44,000 That′s why the Sportpalast was well-known. So I went with him to the Sportpalast. 127 00:19:44,600 --> 00:19:50,680 Yes, I looked forward to that because I didn′t know what to expect. 128 00:19:50,920 --> 00:19:57,960 What I found there was a load of stinking men, 129 00:19:58,000 --> 00:20:04,520 all sitting on benches waiting for something. 130 00:20:04,560 --> 00:20:10,960 We were also waiting. Then the music started, loud music, 131 00:20:11,000 --> 00:20:19,320 and then this fat man came in - that was Göring no idea who that was. 132 00:20:19,360 --> 00:20:26,640 I′d never heard of him before. Göring held a speech that didn′t interest me at all. 133 00:20:27,520 --> 00:20:34,240 Politics. Why should I? I′m a woman, I don′t need to. 134 00:20:34,800 --> 00:20:40,680 I just said to Heinz: ‶You′ll never get me into something like that again." 135 00:20:40,760 --> 00:20:43,400 That was really boring. 136 00:20:43,640 --> 00:20:53,880 And I′m sure he said: "That′s just what I′d expected." He didn′t even try to convince me 137 00:20:53,920 --> 00:20:58,440 that a party was being formed that would free Germany 138 00:20:58,480 --> 00:21:03,440 from the Jews, nothing like that. 139 00:21:03,480 --> 00:21:10,720 He thought I was too stupid for that, too immature. 140 00:21:27,160 --> 00:21:38,240 As long as in the heart, within, 141 00:21:38,280 --> 00:21:47,440 A Jewish soul still yearns 142 00:21:48,040 --> 00:21:56,680 Our hope is not yet lost, 143 00:21:56,720 --> 00:22:03,880 The ancient hope, 144 00:22:04,560 --> 00:22:11,360 To return to the land of our fathers, 145 00:22:11,400 --> 00:22:18,200 The city where David encamped 146 00:22:18,240 --> 00:22:26,280 To return to the land of our fathers, 147 00:22:26,320 --> 00:22:33,120 An eye still looks toward Zion 148 00:22:37,520 --> 00:22:46,960 Of course I went with my boyfriend Heinz to the Brandenburg Gate 149 00:22:47,000 --> 00:22:53,280 on the 30th of January 1933, he dragged me along. 150 00:22:53,320 --> 00:22:58,400 That′s where we waved to our beloved Führer. 151 00:22:58,440 --> 00:23:03,400 Of course I did. Why not? That was a new man. 152 00:23:03,440 --> 00:23:09,440 No idea what was coming our way. There were only a few who knew that. 153 00:23:11,320 --> 00:23:22,840 For me, life went on. Back then in 1933, I was still working for Dr. Hugo Goldberg. 154 00:23:22,880 --> 00:23:33,640 Well, of course I didn′t tell him that I had cheered Hitler on the 30th of January. 155 00:23:33,680 --> 00:23:37,640 I was too kind for that. You just couldn′t do that to the poor Jew. 156 00:23:37,680 --> 00:23:42,320 You don′t do that kind of thing. 157 00:23:44,840 --> 00:23:52,720 There was a major shift, but we didn′t see it as such. 158 00:23:52,760 --> 00:23:59,560 An overview was only actually possible in hindsight, 159 00:24:02,240 --> 00:24:06,600 to see how we would have simply carried on living like that. 160 00:24:47,640 --> 00:24:56,880 It was nice in Berlin up until ′36. Berlin was a nice city, a well-kept city. 161 00:24:56,920 --> 00:25:06,400 We were getting ready for the Olympic Games. Foreigners came to Germany at last. 162 00:25:06,440 --> 00:25:14,120 Mostly Dutch and Danish, the French had never really been our friends, anyway. 163 00:25:14,160 --> 00:25:16,880 But it was lively. The city was full of life. 164 00:25:17,160 --> 00:25:24,680 The Kurfürstendamm - maybe that′s how life in Paris was like. 165 00:25:24,720 --> 00:25:31,160 Everyone was cheerful and the weather was good too. 166 00:25:31,200 --> 00:25:38,880 It was a celebration, the celebration, which dear God had given the Führer. 167 00:25:38,920 --> 00:25:45,160 That was Berlin's flair in 1936. 168 00:25:48,520 --> 00:25:51,520 It was a wonderful time. 169 00:25:54,760 --> 00:26:07,200 You got to know foreigners. I remember a girlfriend calling me up and saying: 170 00:26:07,240 --> 00:26:12,120 ‶Hey, I got to know someone yesterday″, 171 00:26:12,160 --> 00:26:18,240 an Indian or a Japanese, in any case, someone from a totally alien world. 172 00:26:18,280 --> 00:26:26,160 And he had heard that she knew somebody who worked in broadcasting, 173 00:26:26,200 --> 00:26:30,320 and he′d love to see the broadcasting station. 174 00:26:30,360 --> 00:26:36,280 And so she asked me if I could arrange that. 175 00:26:36,320 --> 00:26:42,880 ‶I′ve sent him to you, he′ll be arriving shortly, just so that you are prepared.″ 176 00:26:42,920 --> 00:26:53,560 Oh my God, I think it was an Indian or a Japanese, some really foreign species. 177 00:26:54,200 --> 00:26:58,320 It was really sensational to even be together 178 00:26:58,360 --> 00:27:03,360 with a person who spoke a different language. 179 00:27:04,480 --> 00:27:06,800 That was something special. 180 00:27:22,400 --> 00:27:27,240 All over Austria, the German soldiers were welcomed like brothers. 181 00:27:27,320 --> 00:27:31,960 The welcome they received in Styria and Carinthia was particularly hearty. 182 00:28:04,280 --> 00:28:05,800 - When did you leave? - 183 00:28:05,840 --> 00:28:09,760 - Last Thursday... Well, take your time. 184 00:28:09,800 --> 00:28:12,760 What things were you thinking of when we arrived? - 185 00:28:12,800 --> 00:28:15,520 - We were looking forward to you - 186 00:28:15,560 --> 00:28:19,160 - You were expecting us, weren't you? Yes, I'm sure! - 187 00:28:19,200 --> 00:28:21,440 - What are you, actually? - 188 00:28:21,480 --> 00:28:24,880 - I′m a sergeant, I'm just a small cog - 189 00:28:48,280 --> 00:28:51,280 It's the same for all things. 190 00:28:52,000 --> 00:28:57,480 Everything that is beautiful is also tainted. 191 00:28:57,520 --> 00:29:03,520 And whatever's horrible also has its bright side. 192 00:29:04,240 --> 00:29:19,480 Nothing's black and white. There's always a bit of grey in everything. 193 00:29:40,600 --> 00:29:47,680 At that time, I was working for my dear Jewish Dr. Goldberg, 194 00:29:47,720 --> 00:29:55,920 who I was pretty sure was going to close up his office 195 00:29:55,960 --> 00:30:01,960 and sell off his flat in Germany. 196 00:30:04,360 --> 00:30:09,880 In any case, he had already downsized his office to such a degree 197 00:30:09,920 --> 00:30:16,600 that he only let me work part-time, and also only paid me half the money 198 00:30:17,280 --> 00:30:27,400 Yes, and then, my friend Heinz, Heinz was his name, he knew some people. 199 00:30:27,440 --> 00:30:36,800 Amongst them, a writer and Air Force Lieutenant from the First World War. 200 00:30:36,840 --> 00:30:43,160 He wanted to write his memoirs but just wasn′t making any progress, 201 00:30:43,200 --> 00:30:49,960 he had a typewriter, mind you, but didn′t have anyone to do the typing 202 00:30:50,000 --> 00:30:58,040 and Heinz suggested that I could do it. Yes sure, for money. I′d be happy to do it. 203 00:31:01,560 --> 00:31:09,760 And so I worked for Dr. Goldberg in the morning 204 00:31:09,800 --> 00:31:17,800 and for Herr Bley, the Nazi in the afternoon. 205 00:31:18,240 --> 00:31:27,800 And then one day, just before Christmas, he said to me: 206 00:31:29,960 --> 00:31:37,360 One more election and the National Socialists will have succeeded. 207 00:31:37,400 --> 00:31:46,600 Then he'd be a made man for the rest of his life. He'd have a great job then. 208 00:31:46,640 --> 00:31:51,600 There were hundreds of people 209 00:31:51,640 --> 00:31:57,760 who were being rewarded by getting some job or other. 210 00:31:57,800 --> 00:32:03,880 Herr Bley said: ‶I'll have a word with the Broadcasting Corporation, 211 00:32:03,920 --> 00:32:09,720 so that they give you the contract. 212 00:32:09,880 --> 00:32:14,560 You are in the party, aren't you?″ I said: ‶No. I'm not.″ 213 00:32:14,600 --> 00:32:20,480 He said: ‶Well then, you'd better join up soon, that's very important.″ 214 00:32:20,520 --> 00:32:24,280 It had just opened up again. 215 00:32:24,320 --> 00:32:32,520 When the party seized power, it was closed 216 00:32:32,560 --> 00:32:38,040 because the whole of Germany wanted to be in the party. 217 00:32:38,160 --> 00:32:43,280 Now the Nazis were in power and everyone wanted to join the party. 218 00:32:43,320 --> 00:32:47,320 Well, most of them did. 219 00:33:00,200 --> 00:33:07,200 National Socialism has pledged not to allow any German citizen to suffer hunger 220 00:33:07,240 --> 00:33:10,840 whilst we are unable to give you jobs. 221 00:33:10,880 --> 00:33:20,520 Next winter, we shall give you jobs instead of food, you deserve no less than that. 222 00:33:53,120 --> 00:34:02,400 My friend Eva Lowenthal, a Jew, came round to see me in the afternoon 223 00:34:03,560 --> 00:34:06,880 and we wanted to go out for a coffee. 224 00:34:06,920 --> 00:34:12,640 I told her: ‶Eva, I can′t, I′ve got to go and join the NSDAP.″ 225 00:34:12,920 --> 00:34:16,600 ‶Oh,″ she said, ‶I′ll come along.″ 226 00:34:16,640 --> 00:34:25,280 In Südende, a large sign had been put up in front of a villa: 227 00:34:25,320 --> 00:34:33,760 NSDAP membership until the 31st, and it just happened to be the 30th. 228 00:34:33,800 --> 00:34:39,440 There was a long queue of men in front of the door, 229 00:34:39,480 --> 00:34:45,440 at least 70 or 80 so to the back of the queue. 230 00:34:45,480 --> 00:34:49,000 ‶Are you all joining the party?″ All of them were joining the party! 231 00:34:49,040 --> 00:34:55,520 Almost all of them were men, just a few women. And so I also queued up there. 232 00:34:55,560 --> 00:34:59,520 Eva said: ‶I′ll wait for you here.″ 233 00:34:59,560 --> 00:35:04,120 There was a garden fence there she sat herself down. 234 00:35:04,880 --> 00:35:12,240 We proceeded swiftly, the queue got shorter, well, actually, 235 00:35:12,280 --> 00:35:17,120 it got longer, but we still proceeded swiftly. 236 00:35:17,160 --> 00:35:21,800 Inside, I gave them my details, 237 00:35:21,840 --> 00:35:34,560 you just had to give them your name, age and ten Marks admission fee. 238 00:35:34,600 --> 00:35:40,560 And I just happened to have them on me. That was pure coincidence. 239 00:35:40,600 --> 00:35:45,920 At that time, I didn′t use to walk around with ten Marks in my pocket. 240 00:35:45,960 --> 00:35:51,640 The ten Marks were all I had for the next 14 days. 241 00:35:52,200 --> 00:35:55,960 And now I had to spend it all on the admission fee to the party, 242 00:35:56,000 --> 00:36:01,080 they then issued me my provisional party membership book. 243 00:36:01,120 --> 00:36:04,120 When I came back out again, Eva was still sitting there. 244 00:36:04,160 --> 00:36:08,000 I said: ‶Eva! That just cost me ten Marks.″ 245 00:36:08,040 --> 00:36:12,080 ‶Oh my!″ she said, ‶What a stupid thing to do something like that.″ 246 00:36:12,120 --> 00:36:17,840 ‶But I might, perhaps, have a chance of working in the broadcasting station. 247 00:36:17,880 --> 00:36:21,240 At least that′s what Herr Bley promised me. 248 00:36:21,280 --> 00:36:26,760 It′ll be worth it then, but at the moment I′m really terribly unhappy.″ 249 00:36:26,800 --> 00:36:29,200 Oh my, how I missed those ten Marks. 250 00:36:29,240 --> 00:36:37,600 That was all the money I had. We could forget going for a coffee, that was sure. 251 00:36:40,000 --> 00:36:48,240 I was still working for Dr. Hugo Goldberg for just 55 Marks a month. 252 00:36:49,120 --> 00:36:52,880 But I still signed up. Because I thought that 253 00:36:52,920 --> 00:36:57,600 if it all worked out with the job at the broadcasting station, 254 00:36:57,640 --> 00:37:02,400 I′d forget the ten Marks then. And it all worked out. 255 00:37:02,440 --> 00:37:06,440 So that′s how I got into the party. 256 00:37:28,000 --> 00:37:31,440 Nazi heads look normal from the outside. 257 00:37:31,520 --> 00:37:35,040 What makes these heads different is what goes on inside. 258 00:37:35,120 --> 00:37:38,440 This little thinking machine specializes 259 00:37:38,520 --> 00:37:40,960 in perfecting methods of destruction. 260 00:37:41,040 --> 00:37:46,280 The most ingenious weapon that this brain perfected, is this: 261 00:37:46,360 --> 00:37:48,280 ‶Race Hatred″ 262 00:37:48,360 --> 00:37:50,280 ‶Religious Hatred″ 263 00:37:50,360 --> 00:37:53,280 The Nazis developed this weapon in peace time. 264 00:37:53,360 --> 00:37:56,320 The german citizen was the guinea pig. 265 00:37:56,960 --> 00:37:59,120 They poured this stuff on, 266 00:37:59,640 --> 00:38:01,840 and if his right arm went up, 267 00:38:01,960 --> 00:38:06,000 he was certified as a member of the great master-race. 268 00:38:07,720 --> 00:38:11,880 Others weren′t eligible. Inferior races. 269 00:38:13,880 --> 00:38:17,400 Not good enough to breath the same air as Adolf Hitler. 270 00:38:17,600 --> 00:38:22,080 With a lot of mumbo jambo about nordic, Aryan, superman 271 00:38:24,360 --> 00:38:26,840 the weapon had worked at home. 272 00:38:26,920 --> 00:38:29,400 Now it can go to work abroad. 273 00:38:29,560 --> 00:38:32,720 Preparing the ground for military conquest. Fertilizing the soil for the quislings. 274 00:38:41,240 --> 00:38:44,640 A weapon of war, play race against race: 275 00:38:44,880 --> 00:38:46,800 Aryan, Aryan, Aryan‶ 276 00:38:46,840 --> 00:38:50,600 this race, that race‶ 277 00:38:51,160 --> 00:38:52,600 And hate and suspicion, 278 00:38:52,720 --> 00:38:56,480 prejudicing and hatred have done their work in Europe. 279 00:38:56,880 --> 00:39:00,360 Split up for Nazi conquest. 280 00:39:02,440 --> 00:39:07,280 I started at the Ministry of Propaganda in 1942. 281 00:39:07,320 --> 00:39:12,320 Everything was still quite all right, back then. 282 00:39:14,160 --> 00:39:24,880 Before that, I was earning 250, 275 Marks at the broadcasting station. A good salary. 283 00:39:24,920 --> 00:39:32,520 None of my friends who were working for insurance companies 284 00:39:32,600 --> 00:39:38,640 or in other areas, earned more than 150. 285 00:39:38,680 --> 00:39:44,600 They all envied me because of my high salary at the broadcasting station. 286 00:39:45,360 --> 00:39:52,160 And what was on the pay slip? It had the salary from the broadcasting corporation. 287 00:39:52,480 --> 00:40:10,080 Plus ministry allowance, tax free, 60 Marks! And what else was there? 288 00:40:10,440 --> 00:40:16,680 The ministerial office allowance, tax free, another 50 Marks! 289 00:40:17,440 --> 00:40:24,760 I was paid out more salary than I even used to gross. 290 00:40:24,800 --> 00:40:28,680 Still, that wasn′t much use to me, there was nothing to buy. 291 00:40:28,720 --> 00:40:35,280 But it was a nice feeling, and sometimes you were able to set something up. 292 00:40:35,320 --> 00:40:44,560 I knew a seamstress who had connections to France. She sometimes called me up 293 00:40:44,600 --> 00:40:48,640 and said: ‶Frau Pomsel, I have got some lovely material, 294 00:40:48,680 --> 00:40:52,640 and we′d be able to get a cute dress out of it.″ 295 00:40:52,680 --> 00:41:01,280 So I′d visit her the same evening. ‶And what will it cost?″ ‶Oh, much too much.″ 296 00:41:01,320 --> 00:41:10,960 ‶Never mind, do it anyway.″ That, I really enjoyed. 297 00:41:11,000 --> 00:41:16,960 But that all had nothing to do with the Ministry of Propaganda. 298 00:41:17,960 --> 00:41:25,640 I didn′t even ask for it. I just couldn't say no. 299 00:41:30,760 --> 00:41:35,720 So that was my fate. Who's got control over their fate? 300 00:41:35,760 --> 00:41:40,200 Especially in times of such upheaval. 301 00:41:40,680 --> 00:41:47,640 The least of us can say, I did this and that for this or that reason. 302 00:41:47,680 --> 00:41:53,720 It just happened to us. 303 00:42:10,840 --> 00:42:16,040 When they started building the concentration camps, 304 00:42:16,080 --> 00:42:24,320 when you first started hearing about them we thought that′s where the people go 305 00:42:24,360 --> 00:42:30,880 who had said something against the government, or had started fights. 306 00:42:30,920 --> 00:42:35,960 Well, sure. You didn′t want to put them into prison straight away, did you? 307 00:42:36,000 --> 00:42:43,280 They were sent to a concentration camp for correction. 308 00:42:44,240 --> 00:42:48,120 For correction, well nobody gave it much thought, really. 309 00:42:49,120 --> 00:42:58,960 Our first announcer at the broadcasting station Jule Jänisch a wonderful man; 310 00:42:59,000 --> 00:43:03,840 without him the whole broadcasting station wouldn′t have existed. 311 00:43:03,880 --> 00:43:07,640 He read the news in the morning, at lunchtime and in the evening. 312 00:43:07,680 --> 00:43:11,080 Jule Jänisch had been sent to a concentration camp. 313 00:43:11,120 --> 00:43:20,240 ‶Why′s that?″ ‶They say he′s supposed to be gay.″ ‶Oh my God! Him, gay!″ 314 00:43:21,240 --> 00:43:30,080 Gay was, well, it was just terrible, gay was... What sort of a person is that? 315 00:43:32,280 --> 00:43:39,640 And Jule Jänisch was such a nice, friendly man. ‶Yes, they are friendly, but gay.″ 316 00:43:41,920 --> 00:43:47,040 And how they, or what they did exactly was something you just didn′t want to know. 317 00:43:47,080 --> 00:43:54,600 That was just simply unimaginable. We really were an uptight lot. 318 00:44:44,560 --> 00:44:48,920 They always used to tell us that the Sudeten Germans 319 00:44:48,960 --> 00:44:52,920 were all coming back to the Reich 320 00:44:52,960 --> 00:44:57,640 and that their villages were empty and needed to be populated again. 321 00:44:57,680 --> 00:45:03,760 That′s where all the Jews were being put. Then they would all be together at last. 322 00:45:04,120 --> 00:45:11,160 Yes, we believed that. We swallowed it. Well it seemed plausible enough. 323 00:45:11,200 --> 00:45:14,720 There were so many foreigners here, all of a sudden. 324 00:45:14,760 --> 00:45:18,720 Their songs were different, their language was different, 325 00:45:19,080 --> 00:45:22,360 they were looking for flats and they lived here. 326 00:45:22,400 --> 00:45:27,600 And the Jews went over there. Whether they wanted to, or not. 327 00:45:27,640 --> 00:45:38,280 What really happened no one ever believes us. Everyone thinks we all knew everything. 328 00:45:38,720 --> 00:45:50,360 We knew nothing. That was all kept well secret and it worked. 329 00:45:53,840 --> 00:45:59,080 I was very good friends with Eva. But she was very poor and 330 00:45:59,120 --> 00:46:06,840 her family was suffering really badly in the final years. 331 00:46:06,880 --> 00:46:10,960 We all helped Eva out a bit. 332 00:46:11,040 --> 00:46:18,840 Whenever we went out for a coffee or a beer, Eva was always invited by us. 333 00:46:18,880 --> 00:46:26,560 Someone would always pay for her beer; someone would always pay for her coffee. 334 00:46:28,560 --> 00:46:35,640 I was already working for the broadcasting station, she often visited me there. 335 00:46:36,280 --> 00:46:45,160 She was clearly recognisable. She wasn′t very tall, she had red hair, 336 00:46:45,200 --> 00:46:52,920 very dainty, very petite. But she really had a big Jewish hook nose. 337 00:46:52,960 --> 00:46:57,520 But she was very pretty, she had wonderful eyes. 338 00:46:57,560 --> 00:47:09,320 She often visited me when I was working in the news department. 339 00:47:09,360 --> 00:47:15,600 She didn′t have any money or a job so she went for long walks through Berlin. 340 00:47:15,640 --> 00:47:19,080 And so she would come over to Masuren Avenue and 341 00:47:19,120 --> 00:47:22,960 I′ll go and visit ‶Pomseline″ now. And then she′d be here. 342 00:47:23,000 --> 00:47:31,160 My men, I always called the reporters, my men, they all really liked her. 343 00:47:31,200 --> 00:47:34,960 Because she was really funny and quick-witted. 344 00:47:35,000 --> 00:47:38,040 They had a lot of fun with her. 345 00:47:38,840 --> 00:47:42,000 And sometimes someone would say: ‶Isn't she Jewish?″ 346 00:47:42,040 --> 00:47:48,520 ‶Yes, I′d say, I think there′s a bit of it in her.″ But she was a proper Jew. 347 00:47:48,560 --> 00:47:52,120 I knew the father and the mother. You couldn′t be more Jewish than her. 348 00:49:27,840 --> 00:49:33,120 But the people who today say... 349 00:49:40,520 --> 00:49:56,960 say they would have done more for those poor, persecuted Jews 350 00:49:58,240 --> 00:50:07,120 I really believe that they sincerely mean it. But they wouldn′t have done it either. 351 00:50:07,480 --> 00:50:15,080 By then the whole country was under some kind of a dome. 352 00:50:15,120 --> 00:50:22,960 We ourselves were all inside a huge concentration camp. 353 00:50:35,120 --> 00:50:39,280 Goebbels was a good looking man. 354 00:50:39,320 --> 00:50:47,560 He wasn′t tall, a bit short, he could have been taller to really be something. 355 00:50:47,600 --> 00:50:58,960 But he was really well-kept, had great suits, best cloth. Always had a light tan. 356 00:50:59,880 --> 00:51:07,280 Well groomed hands, he probably had a manicure done every day. 357 00:51:07,640 --> 00:51:19,880 There was nothing to criticise, nothing you could find fault with. 358 00:51:21,280 --> 00:51:29,320 But no matter how elegant and well-fitting his suits were, he limped. 359 00:51:29,360 --> 00:51:34,360 You felt a bit sorry for him. 360 00:51:34,760 --> 00:51:48,120 He made up for it though by being slightly arrogant. Arrogant and self-confident. 361 00:51:49,640 --> 00:51:59,000 He was quite a gentleman when he came. I never saw him step out of line. 362 00:51:59,200 --> 00:52:04,920 You can imagine what kind of people came to see him and 363 00:52:04,960 --> 00:52:10,000 the discussions they had. They were quite heated. 364 00:52:10,680 --> 00:52:18,240 There was one occasion, which I still remember: 365 00:52:18,280 --> 00:52:24,600 He was really shouting. Shouting and yelling at somebody. 366 00:52:25,960 --> 00:52:32,000 All of us, we couldn′t believe it. It never happened again. Only the once. 367 00:52:33,720 --> 00:52:40,160 He was a man with, what did we say? Someone who had countenance, composure. 368 00:52:41,880 --> 00:52:49,840 It was somewhat elitist. Yes, and it was rather nice working there very nice. 369 00:52:49,880 --> 00:52:53,240 Everything was really pleasant, I really liked it. 370 00:52:56,640 --> 00:53:06,920 Well-dressed people. Friendly people. Oh God, I was so superficial at that time. 371 00:53:13,160 --> 00:53:15,480 Very foolish. 372 00:53:26,840 --> 00:53:29,000 You the true Aryan Germans, 373 00:53:29,120 --> 00:53:32,480 will share the glorious destiny of our fatherland. 374 00:53:32,680 --> 00:53:35,440 You are the pure blooded, the master race. 375 00:53:35,600 --> 00:53:38,000 It is your divine right to rule. 376 00:53:38,120 --> 00:53:41,240 And the Nazi party stands right here to put you into power. 377 00:53:41,360 --> 00:53:43,800 It is for you to command all Germany 378 00:53:43,880 --> 00:53:46,840 and some day the entire world. 379 00:53:49,080 --> 00:53:51,600 That′s how Hans became a Superman. 380 00:53:51,920 --> 00:53:55,200 They gave him a uniform and they pumped up his ego. 381 00:53:55,320 --> 00:54:01,440 He wasnt just a little fellow out of work anymore, he was a member of the master race. 382 00:54:01,520 --> 00:54:03,920 His wife couldnt quite understand. 383 00:54:04,400 --> 00:54:08,640 Even though he was a Superman, there wasnt any food in the house. 384 00:54:08,720 --> 00:54:12,120 Stupid woman. Didnt she realise, 385 00:54:12,200 --> 00:54:15,600 that the Nazis are going to make jobs for everybody. 386 00:54:15,680 --> 00:54:20,000 There would be plenty of food and clothing, and a new house. 387 00:54:20,160 --> 00:54:22,120 Everything they wanted. 388 00:54:22,200 --> 00:54:25,920 The glorious future of Germany was to be theirs. 389 00:54:26,000 --> 00:54:28,920 and their children would some day rule the world. 390 00:54:29,000 --> 00:54:33,560 But his wife - silly woman - was still wondering where the next meal is coming from. 391 00:54:34,320 --> 00:54:38,280 Hans didnt like that kind of talk, it was dangerous. 392 00:54:38,360 --> 00:54:41,640 For that kind of talk people should be put in jail 393 00:54:49,440 --> 00:54:53,760 The children often came around lunchtime, 394 00:54:53,800 --> 00:54:58,760 not all of them, usually just two and the large dog. 395 00:54:58,800 --> 00:55:05,120 They had a lovely, large Airedale. They came to pick up their father and 396 00:55:05,160 --> 00:55:11,280 make their way home together. 397 00:55:11,960 --> 00:55:29,880 They were very well behaved. It was very exciting for them to be in Papa′s office. 398 00:55:30,120 --> 00:55:37,000 We had lots of typewriters there. ‶Is that a typewriter?″ ‶Yes!″ 399 00:55:37,040 --> 00:55:40,520 ‶Have you ever seen one before?″ ‶Not so close up.″ 400 00:55:40,560 --> 00:55:46,760 You could have a chat with them. ‶Can I have a go?″ Of course they could. 401 00:55:46,800 --> 00:55:51,880 So we would go and insert a sheet of paper so they could write something. 402 00:55:51,920 --> 00:55:54,920 Happy children. 403 00:55:57,640 --> 00:56:08,960 Then father came, and they all went home, ‶Goodbye!″ and off they were. 404 00:56:09,000 --> 00:56:11,840 ‶Heil Hitler.″ Heil Hitler, of course. 405 00:56:22,800 --> 00:56:26,600 Reich Propaganda Minister visits Venice. 406 00:56:26,960 --> 00:56:29,640 In a spontaneous gathering on San Marco Square, 407 00:56:29,680 --> 00:56:35,920 the people gave a hearty welcome to the representative of a befriended nation. 408 00:56:35,960 --> 00:56:41,800 His Excellence and Minister Alfieri made an appearance on the balcony of the palace. 409 00:57:09,920 --> 00:57:14,280 After greeting the Duce in perfectly spoken Italian, 410 00:57:14,320 --> 00:57:19,400 his Excellence Goebbels and Minister Alfieri mingled with the crowd. 411 00:57:19,440 --> 00:57:23,960 In their elegant and cosmopolitan manner, they took a table at the 412 00:57:24,000 --> 00:57:28,040 time-honoured Cafe Florian. From there, he was full of admiration 413 00:57:28,080 --> 00:57:32,400 as he took in the unique spectacle of Venice illuminated by night. 414 00:57:57,960 --> 00:58:02,320 Goebbels and his wife were at the Biennale in Venice. 415 00:58:02,360 --> 00:58:06,360 They were staying there for a few days. 416 00:58:06,680 --> 00:58:18,920 One of their aides had somehow heard that Goebbels wanted to have his dog with him. 417 00:58:18,960 --> 00:58:26,920 The dog′s name was Tell. ‶If only Tell were here.″ 418 00:58:26,960 --> 00:58:34,400 So someone who was particularly eager then phoned our office: 419 00:58:34,440 --> 00:58:40,280 ‶The minister would like to have his dog in Venice.″ 420 00:58:41,520 --> 00:58:51,920 We thought: ‶They′re crazy over there, to fly in a dog to the Biennale in Venice. 421 00:58:51,960 --> 00:58:58,160 Haven′t they got any other worries?″ and all that in wartime, as well. 422 00:58:58,880 --> 00:59:15,200 Every day The Chief Press Officer, a Herr von something or other, flew over to Venice 423 00:59:15,960 --> 00:59:24,920 with the latest news, fresh off the press. 424 00:59:24,960 --> 00:59:31,360 He always flew to Venice so that the Minister could keep an overview. 425 00:59:31,720 --> 00:59:36,560 He flew to Venice with the dog. 426 00:59:36,600 --> 00:59:45,600 And was promptly confronted with the greatest displeasure. 427 00:59:46,200 --> 00:59:52,080 Goebbels was furious. What idiot had the great idea 428 00:59:52,120 --> 00:59:57,080 of bringing over his highly sensitive pet? 429 00:59:57,120 --> 01:00:04,000 The dog was a bit shy. It was big and lovely, but whenever you took 430 01:00:04,040 --> 01:00:10,560 a step towards it, it would back away. It was spoiled somehow. 431 01:00:12,320 --> 01:00:15,320 Oh, the episode with the dog was a big thing. 432 01:00:15,360 --> 01:00:19,960 So the dog was sent back. And all that in the third year of the war. 433 01:00:23,240 --> 01:00:26,560 I think I′ve made a lot of mistakes during my life. 434 01:00:26,600 --> 01:00:34,920 And at that time, I just didn′t think about things. It was where I belonged. 435 01:00:34,960 --> 01:00:38,560 I was always very duty-conscious. 436 01:00:38,600 --> 01:00:46,080 My work was something you could always rely on, that functioned, that′s right. 437 01:00:47,600 --> 01:00:52,720 When I was given a position, it was my duty to fill it. 438 01:00:52,760 --> 01:00:59,320 I′ve been like that my whole life, at that time as well. 439 01:00:59,960 --> 01:01:05,480 Whether it was good or bad you′ve got to stand somewhere. 440 01:01:05,520 --> 01:01:10,920 Whether I worked for the broadcasting station or the Propaganda Ministry. 441 01:01:10,960 --> 01:01:15,280 There was no real difference. What did it matter? 442 01:01:37,440 --> 01:01:42,520 I'm not the kind of person to resist. I wouldn′t dare to. 443 01:01:42,560 --> 01:01:46,400 I′d say: ‶No, I can't do that!″ 444 01:01:47,040 --> 01:01:49,800 I′m one of the cowards. 445 01:01:55,320 --> 01:02:03,040 That′s what I always try to explain to the people of today. 446 01:02:04,360 --> 01:02:12,320 I′d also be asking stupid and naive questions if I were their age. 447 01:02:12,800 --> 01:02:18,920 I′d say ‶I′d have known how to exclude myself. 448 01:02:18,960 --> 01:02:25,640 I′d have been able to decide things for myself.″ No, you couldn′t. 449 01:02:25,680 --> 01:02:34,680 Whoever did, put their lives at risk. 450 01:02:35,680 --> 01:02:43,240 Even if they weren′t aware of that fact. The facts are proof enough. 451 01:02:44,200 --> 01:02:51,800 You couldn′t dare be against it in any way. 452 01:02:52,200 --> 01:03:01,840 That wasn′t possible or you had to put your life on the line. 453 01:03:02,880 --> 01:03:12,160 You had to expect the worst. There are plenty examples of that. 454 01:03:32,520 --> 01:03:36,640 The red dawn of freedom is ablaze 455 01:03:36,680 --> 01:03:41,840 over Poland′s forthcoming days 456 01:03:41,960 --> 01:03:47,160 our strength will defeat the occupying power, 457 01:03:47,360 --> 01:03:52,320 A new world is born, today, this hour 458 01:03:52,360 --> 01:03:57,880 The time for revenge now, is ours 459 01:03:57,920 --> 01:04:03,160 For all the crimes, pain and bloody hours 460 01:04:03,200 --> 01:04:07,360 Jesus and Mary! Reach for your weapons. 461 01:05:04,120 --> 01:05:09,080 That was also the time of the ‶White Rose″. 462 01:05:09,120 --> 01:05:14,920 We had absolutely no insight into those files. 463 01:05:15,360 --> 01:05:20,400 Things like that were kept in a locked safe, we had no access to them. 464 01:05:28,600 --> 01:05:40,920 I was working for Herr Frowein then, he was one of Goebbels′ personal advisors. 465 01:05:42,040 --> 01:05:56,680 He once gave me the whole file, the court file that was the Scholl case, 466 01:05:56,720 --> 01:06:02,640 what else was there, there were more things. 467 01:06:04,440 --> 01:06:12,120 Yes, that was the siblings Scholl The file was not sealed. He gave it to me. 468 01:06:12,360 --> 01:06:22,440 I was to put it into the safe that was there especially for those things. 469 01:06:25,320 --> 01:06:32,440 My boss had asked me, he said: ‶I′m relying on you not to look inside.″ 470 01:06:32,480 --> 01:06:43,440 It was very urgent, he then left. He left me alone with the stuff and I didn′t peek. 471 01:06:45,000 --> 01:06:49,080 And I thought, oh my God, how I would love to. 472 01:06:49,120 --> 01:06:56,680 But I′m not going to, he′s depending on me not to do it, so I won′t. 473 01:06:56,720 --> 01:07:08,760 I was quite chuffed with myself, that the trust he′d given me 474 01:07:08,800 --> 01:07:14,800 was stronger than my curiosity. 475 01:07:15,440 --> 01:07:20,560 I thought that was very noble of me. I′ll never forget that. 476 01:07:34,880 --> 01:07:38,120 Hey! On the roads the storm is blowing 477 01:07:38,160 --> 01:07:42,200 The rainy weather, mud and heavy going. 478 01:07:42,640 --> 01:07:47,000 For us soldiers on foot, we don′t care 479 01:07:47,040 --> 01:07:54,720 It could even be the Devil himself there! 480 01:07:55,280 --> 01:07:59,680 For our attack company does not dread 481 01:07:59,720 --> 01:08:03,480 any obstacles or roads of disaster 482 01:08:04,080 --> 01:08:08,120 Whoever stands in our way gets a grenade on his head! 483 01:08:08,160 --> 01:08:11,040 Don′t get hit and follow your master! 484 01:08:11,320 --> 01:08:13,880 "German dogs only!" 485 01:08:17,600 --> 01:08:27,760 They were young people who still thought that 486 01:08:27,800 --> 01:08:35,040 victory would fall to those who were better. Not to suffer defeat. 487 01:08:36,080 --> 01:08:42,960 But everyone has to do their bit for that to happen. They did what they could. 488 01:08:46,120 --> 01:08:51,440 It was so silly of them to do things like that. 489 01:08:51,920 --> 01:08:56,240 If they had kept their mouths shut, they would still be alive today. 490 01:08:56,440 --> 01:09:01,840 All because of that bloody piece of paper, all because of a leaflet. 491 01:09:01,880 --> 01:09:08,320 The sentence they got back then was so gruesome. 492 01:09:25,480 --> 01:09:34,960 Our whole attitude basically snapped, along with our supplies. 493 01:09:35,280 --> 01:09:44,040 Everything was greatly intensified, penalties became far more severe. 494 01:09:44,480 --> 01:09:51,280 Everything was stricter. Stalingrad created a major upheaval. 495 01:09:52,440 --> 01:09:57,360 That was also noticeable in the Ministry. 496 01:09:57,400 --> 01:10:05,840 The first few months there were wonderful. After initially having my doubts: 497 01:10:06,280 --> 01:10:14,000 ‶Do I really have to work there″, I liked it there very much, straight away. 498 01:10:14,040 --> 01:10:21,600 The whole package, the nice furniture, the nice people. 499 01:10:22,680 --> 01:10:32,640 It wasn′t really a question of ‶Party″, I liked it. 500 01:10:34,400 --> 01:10:42,320 All of that just snapped. 501 01:10:42,640 --> 01:10:53,880 The whole atmosphere suddenly changed. 502 01:10:59,840 --> 01:11:04,360 I am firmly convinced that the German people 503 01:11:04,400 --> 01:11:10,880 have been deeply moved by the blow of fate at Stalingrad. 504 01:11:10,920 --> 01:11:18,360 It has looked into the face of hard and pitiless war. It knows the terrible truth. 505 01:11:18,400 --> 01:11:24,240 It is resolved to follow the Führer through thick and thin. 506 01:11:37,640 --> 01:11:50,400 I still remember the famous ‶Do you want total war?″ event at the Sportpalast. 507 01:11:50,600 --> 01:11:57,440 We knew that Goebbels was going to hold a speech that afternoon. 508 01:11:57,480 --> 01:12:04,040 At that time, all events had been switched to the afternoons, 509 01:12:04,080 --> 01:12:13,520 because every evening after six thirty or seven o′clock, the sirens used to go off. 510 01:12:13,560 --> 01:12:18,920 Whether planes came or not they always came. False alarms were very seldom. 511 01:12:18,960 --> 01:12:23,920 So, there were no events scheduled for the evening anymore, 512 01:12:23,960 --> 01:12:28,640 there were no evening performances at the theatre anymore, no cinema screenings, 513 01:12:28,680 --> 01:12:33,240 everything was moved to the afternoons. 514 01:12:33,280 --> 01:12:38,280 Even Herr Goebbels' speech at the Sportpalast. 515 01:12:38,720 --> 01:12:52,560 Words just fail me to describe how he managed to get the hundreds of people 516 01:12:52,600 --> 01:13:03,040 to rise up from their seats so they were just jumping and screaming and cheering. 517 01:13:03,080 --> 01:13:09,960 But he managed it. I don′t think he knew how that happened, either. 518 01:13:13,000 --> 01:13:24,880 I remember, we were holding hands ever so tightly, Dettchen, my dear colleague 519 01:13:24,920 --> 01:13:31,760 and me. We were awestruck by what was happening. 520 01:13:32,560 --> 01:13:37,120 A man from the SS stood behind us and 521 01:13:37,240 --> 01:13:43,400 tapped us on the shoulder saying: ‶The least you could do is to clap″. 522 01:13:43,440 --> 01:13:53,120 So everyone was clapping and we still just stood there stunned by what we saw. 523 01:13:53,160 --> 01:13:59,800 And then we started clapping, of course. We had to. He told us to, as well. 524 01:13:59,840 --> 01:14:06,960 There was no way of excluding yourself. We clapped along with them. 525 01:14:08,080 --> 01:14:14,960 We didn′t even realise what the speech was all about. 526 01:14:15,000 --> 01:14:20,720 It was just the impression of the raging crowd. 527 01:14:22,120 --> 01:14:26,520 People, who themselves had no idea as to why they were raging. 528 01:14:26,560 --> 01:14:29,560 It was a natural phenomenon. 529 01:14:33,840 --> 01:14:39,680 The whole crowd couldn′t help it. Neither could he, probably. 530 01:14:41,280 --> 01:14:44,960 My God! Just to think of it. 531 01:14:47,600 --> 01:14:59,160 Whilst today, after so many years have passed, and so much has happened 532 01:14:59,200 --> 01:15:09,240 in the meantime, I see it all very differently. Deeper and more sinister. 533 01:15:11,920 --> 01:15:17,120 But no less incomprehensible. 534 01:15:17,160 --> 01:15:31,600 That one person, one person was able to get hundreds of people 535 01:15:31,640 --> 01:15:38,600 to shout, shout and shout: ‶Yes, we want total war!″ 536 01:15:41,000 --> 01:15:48,360 If you tell that to someone today, surely they will shake their heads and say: 537 01:15:48,400 --> 01:15:51,080 ‶Were they all drunk or something?″ 538 01:15:51,120 --> 01:15:59,400 Why did all those people start shouting like that? Well, they had to. 539 01:15:59,440 --> 01:16:06,000 They were all put under a single person′s spell. 540 01:16:14,040 --> 01:16:21,560 Judaism is a contagious infection. Enemy nations may raise 541 01:16:21,600 --> 01:16:28,320 hypocritical protests against our measures against Judaism 542 01:16:28,360 --> 01:16:37,280 and cry crocodile tears, but that will not stop us from doing that which is necessary. 543 01:16:37,320 --> 01:16:44,920 Germany, in any event, has no intention of bowing before the Jewish threat, 544 01:16:44,960 --> 01:16:56,240 but rather intends to take the most radical measures, if necessary, in good time. 545 01:17:07,480 --> 01:17:15,160 In the meantime, Eva no longer lived near us in Südende. 546 01:17:15,200 --> 01:17:23,200 She had moved somewhere else with her parents, to some other suburb. 547 01:17:24,840 --> 01:17:30,960 I visited her there once. Oh God, they lived so poorly. 548 01:17:31,680 --> 01:17:35,520 What′s more, I was embarrassed; you see I′d brought cigarettes along. 549 01:17:35,560 --> 01:17:39,320 At that time, I should have taken some bread along. 550 01:17:45,800 --> 01:17:49,280 When I met Eva on the bus one day, she said to me: 551 01:17:49,320 --> 01:17:54,200 ‶I′ve got to come along and visit you and your nice men again.″ 552 01:17:54,240 --> 01:18:03,680 And I told her ‶I′m no longer in the Funkhaus, I now work for Goebbels 553 01:18:03,720 --> 01:18:11,560 in Wilhelmstrasse, forget your visit. Its better you don′t come.″ 554 01:18:12,760 --> 01:18:18,280 I simply didn′t want her to come along there. And she also immediately said: 555 01:18:18,320 --> 01:18:24,240 ‶For God′s sake, I′m not coming over there.″ She was still free at that time. 556 01:21:08,760 --> 01:21:18,080 We used to get, but that was already towards the end of the war, 557 01:21:18,120 --> 01:21:28,760 we used to get coloured sheets of paper. I think they were pink. 558 01:21:30,360 --> 01:21:40,040 They were only for the ministerial office. They listed the latest truths and 559 01:21:40,080 --> 01:21:45,560 included numbers concerning losses on the battlefields. 560 01:21:49,480 --> 01:21:59,040 But what really devastated us girls was the information concerning rapes. 561 01:21:59,080 --> 01:22:05,160 Women were being raped by the Russians, of course. 562 01:22:05,200 --> 01:22:09,000 Yes, that was just before the end of everything. 563 01:22:09,760 --> 01:22:16,200 It was unbelievable, but when it said that 20 women had been raped 564 01:22:16,240 --> 01:22:21,520 in such and such village, we changed it to 30 and so on. 565 01:22:21,560 --> 01:22:26,840 These things were exaggerated before being passed on to the people. 566 01:22:26,880 --> 01:22:37,280 So, we multiplied all the terrible crimes committed by the enemy. 567 01:22:46,000 --> 01:22:49,440 In the same way that the Hitler Youth, of its own free will, 568 01:22:49,480 --> 01:22:52,640 pledged allegiance to the Führer in times of fighting, 569 01:22:52,680 --> 01:22:56,120 they have, today, become the movement of the war volunteer. 570 01:22:56,160 --> 01:22:58,520 At a rally held at a historical site, 571 01:22:58,560 --> 01:23:03,400 the Führer was notified of the number of war volunteers born in 1928: 572 01:23:03,520 --> 01:23:12,960 The region of East Prussia reports 9,482 war volunteers of the Hitler Youth. 573 01:23:15,160 --> 01:23:24,960 The region of Cologne Aachen reports 9,715 war volunteers of the Hitler Youth. 574 01:23:26,760 --> 01:23:35,720 The region of Moselland reports 6,112 war volunteers of the Hitler Youth. 575 01:23:35,760 --> 01:23:48,240 Today, I report to my Führer that 70% of the Hitler Youth born in 1928 576 01:23:48,280 --> 01:23:57,240 have registered for national service. The spirit of the voluntary military 577 01:23:57,280 --> 01:24:05,440 service of our youths live on in their morale on the battlefield. 578 01:24:40,920 --> 01:24:52,280 One day after Hitler′s birthday which was on the 20th of April, 579 01:24:52,360 --> 01:25:00,480 we went down into this bunker. 580 01:25:02,360 --> 01:25:07,800 We never came out of it again. That was it. The end. 581 01:25:13,040 --> 01:25:25,440 I felt as if something inside me had died. I′ve often felt fear in my life. 582 01:25:25,480 --> 01:25:31,080 This feeling, however, was different. I was cold as ice, numbed. 583 01:25:31,120 --> 01:25:38,400 I′d say: All my feelings had gone. There wasn′t even room for fear. 584 01:25:38,440 --> 01:25:51,840 We tried to make sure that we didn′t run out of alcohol. That was urgently needed. 585 01:25:52,760 --> 01:25:59,560 Perhaps not by everyone. But there certainly was a lot of tippling going on. 586 01:25:59,600 --> 01:26:05,600 You had to numb yourself. We didn′t have any work anymore, either. 587 01:26:06,960 --> 01:26:12,920 I was in this bunker when Lieutenant Schwägermann, Goebbel′s assistant, 588 01:26:12,960 --> 01:26:16,880 came along and said: 589 01:26:23,080 --> 01:26:28,920 ‶Hitler has committed suicide.″ That was the first thing we got to know. 590 01:26:31,800 --> 01:26:40,040 Yes, everyone knew what that meant. 591 01:26:40,920 --> 01:26:50,360 The war was over and we′d lost. That was clear to us all. 592 01:26:51,200 --> 01:26:58,800 I can recall, there was a longer time span in between, at least a day and a night. 593 01:26:58,840 --> 01:27:08,120 Schwägermann came and said: ‶Goebbels has committed suicide.″ 594 01:27:10,000 --> 01:27:20,720 That hit us more than the other news had. 595 01:27:23,120 --> 01:27:27,360 ‶And his wife as well?″ 596 01:27:29,240 --> 01:27:30,720 ‶Yes.″ 597 01:27:32,240 --> 01:27:36,000 ‶And the children too!″ 598 01:27:43,480 --> 01:27:46,680 We were dumbstruck. 599 01:29:23,920 --> 01:29:45,640 In the bunker we found flour, rice and noodles, all in really big sacks. 600 01:29:45,960 --> 01:29:55,840 Everything was emptied out and the sacks, they were roughly so big, 601 01:29:55,880 --> 01:30:04,520 they were cut apart and we had to sew a huge white flag together. 602 01:30:04,560 --> 01:30:08,360 We didn′t even have anything to sew with. 603 01:30:08,400 --> 01:30:12,960 But somehow, we managed to do it. We sewed a white flag. 604 01:30:13,840 --> 01:30:25,000 The highest ranking person who was with us in the cellar, was Hans Fritsche. 605 01:30:25,560 --> 01:30:36,720 The chief editor, he was also the deputy ‶Gauleiter″ (provincial head) of Berlin. 606 01:30:39,160 --> 01:30:48,960 Fritsche said: he was going out there now, even though there was constant gunfire, 607 01:30:51,120 --> 01:31:01,920 and was going make it through to Bendlerstrasse 608 01:31:01,960 --> 01:31:06,960 in order to speak to the Russians. 609 01:31:09,440 --> 01:31:19,400 Anyway, Fritsche went off with some other people, 610 01:31:19,440 --> 01:31:29,600 and just left us on our own. But he did say: Stay here, 611 01:31:29,640 --> 01:31:43,560 I′ll take care of you. We are going to Bendlerstrasse with the white flag″ 612 01:31:44,760 --> 01:31:51,400 That was where the Russian military high command was based. 613 01:31:53,760 --> 01:32:05,200 After they had been gone for a number of hours, this hoard of Russians piled in. 614 01:32:05,760 --> 01:32:16,000 We weren′t just a bunch of poor souls; we no longer had any leadership, either. 615 01:32:16,040 --> 01:32:23,200 On top of that, Herr Fritsche, whom we all liked and regarded, had gone off 616 01:32:23,240 --> 01:32:30,200 and left us in the lurch. So, there we sat, like animals for the slaughter. 617 01:32:31,680 --> 01:32:38,280 And when we came out, surrounded by those Russian soldiers, 618 01:32:39,640 --> 01:32:45,920 a group came round the corner carrying the same white flag. 619 01:32:45,960 --> 01:32:53,040 It was all torn, but still recognisable as a flag. 620 01:33:57,080 --> 01:34:03,720 It′s difficult when you have been through times like that; 621 01:34:03,760 --> 01:34:07,840 sometimes on top, sometimes at the bottom, 622 01:34:07,880 --> 01:34:13,680 like being among the waves, and all you did was to think of your own life; 623 01:34:13,720 --> 01:34:18,440 ‶my fate, mine, mine,″ and at the end of the day, 624 01:34:18,480 --> 01:34:22,960 all you′d ever done was to consider yourself. 625 01:34:23,000 --> 01:34:27,400 Sometimes I do have a bit of a guilty conscience, though. 626 01:34:27,440 --> 01:34:35,400 Somehow it′s always your own fault and I′m even thankful and think to myself: 627 01:34:35,440 --> 01:34:40,400 ‶Actually, you managed get through all of that pretty well, time and time again.″ 628 01:34:57,640 --> 01:35:04,480 When we were all sitting together waiting to be interrogated, we considered 629 01:35:04,520 --> 01:35:12,920 a variety of things: ‶We′ll just say that we were on our way through town and 630 01:35:12,960 --> 01:35:20,000 sought refuge from the shooting in this house, the Propaganda Ministry.″ 631 01:35:21,520 --> 01:35:30,360 Others then said: ‶No, we don′t want any contradictions.″ 632 01:35:30,720 --> 01:35:33,720 One person saying this and another person saying that. 633 01:35:33,760 --> 01:35:42,480 I thought I′d tell the truth: ‶I worked there. Not as a secretary, of course, but 634 01:35:43,040 --> 01:35:54,560 as a shorthand typist in the Propaganda Ministry for that terrible Dr. Goebbels. 635 01:35:54,920 --> 01:35:59,960 I never got to see him because it′s such a big house and I was a much too 636 01:36:00,000 --> 01:36:05,160 insignificant girl for anything like that. I never saw him, but I worked there.″ 637 01:36:07,760 --> 01:36:12,840 I really do feel that I have been treated very badly and 638 01:36:12,880 --> 01:36:16,760 wrongly by being taken away by the Russians. 639 01:36:16,800 --> 01:36:22,840 Because I didn′t do anything but type in Goebbels′ office. 640 01:36:22,880 --> 01:36:28,080 And I had no idea of what was behind all that. 641 01:36:29,880 --> 01:36:34,000 Well, very little, anyway. 642 01:36:37,920 --> 01:36:41,800 No, I wouldn′t see myself as being guilty. 643 01:36:41,840 --> 01:36:50,000 Unless you end up blaming the entire German population 644 01:36:50,040 --> 01:37:02,440 for ultimately enabling that government to take control. 645 01:37:02,920 --> 01:37:07,160 That was all of us. Including me. 646 01:38:21,720 --> 01:38:25,160 Just the matter of the Jews. 647 01:38:28,440 --> 01:38:34,920 Nobody believes me, but I only got to know about all that after I returned home 648 01:38:34,960 --> 01:38:40,400 after five years imprisonment by the Russians. 649 01:38:40,440 --> 01:38:45,840 I had known for ages that there were concentration camps, 650 01:38:45,880 --> 01:38:54,640 but that they had been burning people 651 01:38:54,680 --> 01:39:03,920 When I imagine that I myself had stood under something like that 652 01:39:03,960 --> 01:39:07,440 when we showered in Buchenwald. 653 01:39:09,960 --> 01:39:16,880 To think that people were being killed in the same place 654 01:39:16,920 --> 01:39:23,000 where we would look forward to going to because of the warm water there. 655 01:39:23,040 --> 01:39:27,080 You see, you only had cold water in the barracks. 656 01:39:28,520 --> 01:39:41,240 To think that they used the same things, gas or something, 657 01:39:41,280 --> 01:39:47,360 I'm not sure what they used, but they killed the Jews with it. 658 01:40:56,560 --> 01:40:59,440 Evil does exist. 659 01:41:06,840 --> 01:41:10,400 I′m not quite sure how to put this. 660 01:41:24,240 --> 01:41:30,320 God doesn′t exist, but the Devil certainly does. 661 01:41:38,520 --> 01:41:41,880 There is no justice, however. 662 01:41:45,280 --> 01:41:48,200 Justice doesn't exist at all. 663 01:42:04,520 --> 01:42:10,120 Many years after my time in prison when the Holocaust Memorial was erected, 664 01:42:10,160 --> 01:42:12,960 I visited Berlin to see it for myself. 665 01:42:13,000 --> 01:42:19,960 I then went to the office below and asked them: 666 01:42:20,960 --> 01:42:25,360 ‶Can you give me any information on missing people?″ 667 01:42:25,400 --> 01:42:30,960 ‶Yes, if you can give us some details.″ 668 01:42:31,040 --> 01:42:36,160 ‶Yes, I′m missing a certain Eva Lowenthal.″ 669 01:42:36,360 --> 01:42:38,440 "Please follow me.″ 670 01:42:38,480 --> 01:42:44,360 Then he went over to some machine where the names just kept on rolling down the screen. 671 01:42:45,200 --> 01:42:49,800 And we found her there, we found an Eva Lowenthal, 672 01:42:49,840 --> 01:42:55,200 a year older or a year younger than myself. That was her. 673 01:42:55,240 --> 01:43:04,320 Deceased. That′s all it said. And the year: 1945. 674 01:43:05,960 --> 01:43:09,160 That was all you could find out. 675 01:43:09,200 --> 01:43:15,280 Yes, they′ve all gone, that′s for certain. 676 01:43:18,200 --> 01:43:23,240 Eva used to sit at the table with us all. Always. Eva was one of us, she was. 677 01:43:37,320 --> 01:43:44,160 The allied generals have ordered that these atrocities be shown to the German public. 678 01:43:44,200 --> 01:43:50,920 So that all Germans can convince themselves of the Nazis monstrous deeds. 679 01:43:50,960 --> 01:43:57,160 For the same reason, we are showing you this official film. 680 01:43:57,200 --> 01:44:04,280 We are showing you these truckloads of corpses so that you shall never forget. 681 01:44:04,320 --> 01:44:09,960 You are much better off than your fellow citizens who had to experience 682 01:44:10,000 --> 01:44:15,640 the stench of death. These women who could be your mothers, sisters or wives, 683 01:44:15,680 --> 01:44:18,960 will one day be able to tell you all about it. 684 01:44:19,000 --> 01:44:22,840 We want them to remember this for all time. 685 01:44:22,880 --> 01:44:28,800 We want you to be reminded of this for ever more. Your silence 686 01:44:28,840 --> 01:44:35,160 in connection with these atrocities have made you all into accomplices. 687 01:44:35,200 --> 01:44:41,880 It was only right that the populace was forced to bury the dead. 688 01:44:44,480 --> 01:44:48,120 Now, you and your countrymen shall watch them and 689 01:44:48,160 --> 01:44:51,960 accompany them through the streets of German cities. 690 01:44:52,000 --> 01:44:56,120 You shall be witness to this procession. 691 01:45:11,360 --> 01:45:14,920 You too shall see the open coffins. 692 01:45:14,960 --> 01:45:18,920 So that you shall never, never forget. 63433

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