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In that section we're I talk about wanting basics.
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Let's start with the writing basics and why there's a rather a rather is and networking wise that forwards
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there are packet's between different networks making job through rather is performing IP routing based
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on routing table and running table can be established by many of the configure static routes or dynamic
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routing protocols.
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This is a rather this guy has a writing table in its writing table and the main function of this guy
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is making IP routing based on the routing table.
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Let's go ahead with two other companies.
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In a rather we have companies such as I was which is the operating system of the device.
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And at some hardware such as C.P. you and memory and storage such as Flash RAM roam and the end we are
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RAM as we talk before the main purpose of rather is connecting different networks.
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And here you can see two different browsers which are rather a and rather b.
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And these guys are used for providing communication between Turino that works and they are 1 0 or network
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and the threes are all that work.
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For example let's go ahead with the basic rather configuration.
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Well we are configuring or rather.
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Firstly we can configure our host thing.
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Secondly we should secure our enable mode console port and the Vicci wide ports to provide secure access
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to configure a host name or other.
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Our command is hostname and we are typing hostname and the hostname that we want to define and as soon
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as we hit the enter key as you can see that hostname is turning to the other in here then we are defining
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an enable secret password as you can see enable secret.
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And we are defining your password then year after we are securing access to our console port by typing
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like Courcelles zero.
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And in the coffee line mode we are defining your password again after we are defining our passports.
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Also for line Vitti why access ports which you reach are the ports used for remote access.
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Then we are defining your remove the access method which is S-sh to secure one as you know them we are
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typing the password and our password for the BT y access as you can see here.
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To configure and I Pivi for address on a rather interface we are getting into the interface mode and
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typing I be addressed IPV want to use an subnet mask command rather interfaces are not like Tuwaitha
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first and they must be activated by the no shot commandeers you can see in here we are getting into
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the interface mode again as you can see to sign and IPV for others to our Rodway interface.
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Then the command is IP address and the IP address we want to use and some umask we want to use Let's
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go ahead with the IP version for the interface figuration if you will to activate the IP version 6 on
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a rather.
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Firstly we should enable it by typing IP V-6 unicast riding connect to configure an IP address on a
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rather interface.
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We are getting into the interface mode as you can see again and typing the IP V-6 address and IPV 6
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IP address and the perfect length there we will use them again.
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The plus no shot.
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Lets go ahead with the rather Lubeck interface call fake loopback interface guys is a logical virtual
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interface in a Cisco rather look Peck interface.
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It is not the physical interface like fast Internet interface or gigabit ethernet interface as Luebeck
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interface has many uses.
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Guys For example looping interfaces IP address that our minds as rodders for example waste fraud or
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ID and also it allows BGP neighbor ship between two others and something like that at Zohra and loopback
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interface is always up.
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Guys dont forget it.
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So you dont need to use no shut command for loopback interface to define a looping interface IP address
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we are getting into the interface mode again by typing interface loopback and the look Pech number we
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want to configure then the configuration is same with the other guys.
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So lets go at how we can filter our show commands to filter our show commands.
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We have four options and they are include X Kloot begin and the section guys to the show command output
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so that it all displays lines that contain a particular regular expression we can use to show pipe include
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command in EXEC mode in here as you can see we are typing shoppers C.P. you pipe includes IP inputs
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and we are seeing the line which includes IP puts keywords right excludes filters show command output
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so that it excludes lines that contain a particular regular expression.
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So any Here we are typing the show IP interface brave.
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This time we are excluding the on signed lines.
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So each year we don't see any keyword like unassigned.
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As you can see then to begin the output of any show commands from a space for its Trenck we can use
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show up for example show and the command pide begin in here.
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We're seeing the lines beginning with the line retrieval as you can see Laurita is 0 4 and 515.
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And lastly to filter the output of a show command to merge air do an expression as well as any lines
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associated with that expiration.
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We can use the show the command and this section in here for example showground pipes section rather
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the GOP shows us the specific GAAP configurations made are rather.
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For example we should run pipes S.R. special from pipe section BGP.
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Or we can use Sharam pipes section crypto and we can just see these specific configurations for that
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technologies.
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Let's go ahead with the writing decisions Packard's journey on their rather network in here.
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Guys we have two clients and they are James and the Johnny.
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If James wants to send the packet to John first pick up will be sent to default gateway guys.
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Why.
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Because here we are using 1.0 and here we are using 3.0 as a network.
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Is so here and here has different network IDs so because of this James will forward the packet to the
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default gateway which is here then rather they will take the packet and check the destination IP address
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to forward the packet to rather be Rhaetia tell rather re about the 3.0 network for this purpose.
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We can use dynamic routing protocol or studding rather than saying that hey rather a if you have a packet
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with a destination of 3.0 network send it to to the two IP address then Pecka to reach through other
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be Roby's directly connected to these local network and we'll forward to pick up the Johnny in here
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as you can see.
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Then packet reads the Johnny and Johnny also can send a reply back to John OK.
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So we should do the same thing and rather be saying that hey rather be if you want to reach the one
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that zero on at work send your packet to that one IP address.
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Let's go ahead with the path selection if you want to establish your running between two sides.
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We have two options and they are static and the dynamic writing if we're using dynamic routing protocol
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and if if the administrates you distance and Perfect's length Malis are the same for different protocols
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always poor to with the lowest metric is preferred if metrics are equal to rather make load balancing
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between different paths.
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Metrics are the cost volleyers used by Rodders to that to find the best path to our destination network.
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Several factors have dine and week crowding pulled over the side which is the preferred or shortest
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path to their particular destination metric is calculated differently for each dynamic wording per the
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call and the metric is for example if you are using your rep protocol your metric will be the hope Conn's.
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If you're using OSPF your metric will be costly which is dependent with the bandwidth at Mr..
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Distance is a value that rather is use in order to select the best path when there are two or more different
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routes to the same destination from two different protocols administrative distance comes the reliability
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of a writing protocol and is a numeric value which can range from 0 to 255 255 as smaller administrative
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distance is more to us that by erasure.
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Therefore the best the administrative distance being zero.
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And the first the worst is 255 for example under the same conditions.
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Always for example internal IGMP routes are preferred over the as big boys.
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Because this guy has lower administrative distance Let's go ahead with the rather admin rather operations
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and we are starting with the study of karate and steady grading is a form of writing that are Cure's
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when I'd rather use this manual to configure writing and 3 rather than information from a dynamic routing
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traffic.
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I like dynamic crowding static routes are fixed and do not change if the network is changed or reconfigure.
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This kind of writing static writing guys is more suitable for very small networks.
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So let's take a look to the IPV force steady crowding example in here in here in Rodway.
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We're making an example slickrock configuration to configure a static route for the rather a for this
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network in here as I told you on the previous slide I told you that if rather a gets a packet with a
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destination of 3.0 number we should teach this guy how to reach to this particular destination.
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So the configuration here is I Petrovice the network that we want to reach with it Saddam mask.
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And then next up this command is saying rather that hey you are Gerais.
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If you get a packet destined to 3.0 with this subnet mask send the packet to to that too which is this
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the interface of the rather b.
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So let's take a look at the IP version 6 there riding example.
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That's the same logic.
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But what we are doing first is enabling the IP version 6 rodding by typing IP version 6 unicast riding
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command.
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Then we're a bunch of runs in here and we are defining the IP version 6 route commands and the destination
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works.
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And the next hops which are here this time let's go ahead with the IPV for defaults 30 grouting example
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static robing can be used to define an exit point from a router when no other Roths are available or
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necessary.
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This is called default Perrault's which means send everything and singles to exit point which is to
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the two.
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For this example for example what we are saying to rather a in the here I Pirata.
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Hey well race hand.
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Every packet that you rage this means every packet that reaches the Rodway send everything to to that
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too.
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So were there were the packet to every packet Cambs for the rather a.
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Will be forwarded to that through IP address and it's the same thing for the IP version 6 do for all
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static routing again but the command is IP version 6 unicast routing that's the one thing that we need
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to implement for us.
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As you know then we are typing the I 2006 rods with the double columns slash 0 which is the identical
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of 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.
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If you are rich which means everything then will be forwarded to this interface this time.
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Let's go ahead with the floating static routes floating things 30 crowds are new routes used for creating
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a backup path in this method.
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You define a higher administrative distance for backup patho and so that route is not available in normal
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conditions.
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The floating static route will be only active when the primary route fails.
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For example in here we have a rudder which is rather warm and we here we have to study crowds configured
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to study default routes configured for this rather and in the first route we are forwarding our pockets
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to zero.
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That to I'm sorry 10.
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23 that's the road up to which is here.
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So the packets coming through the sky are being forwarded to here always.
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But we have another route in here as you can see which is forwarding the packet to tender 22 that's
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0.2 which is here.
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So if this route fails
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this route will get into play and our packets will be forwarded through here.
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Let's go ahead the route summarization Rob summarization also called thruster aggregation is a method
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of minimizing the number of running tables in an IP network.
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It works by consolidating the cell like to multiple routes into a single rod advertisement.
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It's contrast to flat routing in which every routing table contains a unique entry for each one in here.
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As you can see rather one will represent four separate networks using a single network.
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In here we have tell the truth to that 0 0 is slashed 16 then the two and the three 0 0 or less 16 again
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10 20 0 is sliced 16 and 10:21 0 0 like 16 and we're using as some way up which is 10 20 0 0 slash 14
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and we are representing all four networks using Singo network that's go ahead with this year IDR classless
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into domain routing.
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See here is a way to EHLO more flexible allocation of IP addresses than was possible with the origin
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system of IP Address classes.
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As a result the number of Israel built Internet addresses was greatly increased which along with widespread
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use of network address translation net has significantly extended the useful life of the IPV for anti-ID
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or uses.
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We'll ask them to summarize writing tables in rather to more general addresses.
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Let's go into the dynamic routing Thetic running Kais ellos routing tables in specific Cruthers to be
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set up by the network administrators.
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Dynamic writing.
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Use routing protocols that dynamically discovers the network destinations and how to get them dynamic
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running ellos running tables in Rodders to change if rather on the route goes down or if network is
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added in dynamic routing routing protocols running in rudders continuously x change network status updates
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between each other as broadcast or the multicast with the help of routing updates.
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Message sent by the running porticos rather can continuously update the writing table when our network
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topology Chayim happens.
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Examples of frighting protocols are.
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REP.
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ELIJAH R.P. and OSPF maybe.
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So the dynamic Perucca the dynamic routing protocols that we can use in an IP version 4 and Mormons
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are as I told you.
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REP.
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ELIJAH R.P. OSPF Plus I S I S and the BGP the dynamic I the dynamic routing porticos that we can use
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in an IP version 6 and wire Mundt are rape and Angie I your job before I IPV 6 or SPF version 3 and
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the multiple The code BGP for.
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