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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: based on we are now recording in the goal of this episode is basically to just build a simple component from start to finish okay that's good that's basically what we're going to do we're going to build a simple transistor it's a to entry 904 it's a part that already exists in Eagles libraries so if you want to check your work you can so that's what we're going to go through now being a first light you know we want to start very simple very basic next month we'll go into a more complex device so for now I'm going to share my screen let me know if you guys can't see it okay let me know if you guys can't see it cool let's go ahead and get started we're going to make a brand new library for this part so we're going to go file new library okay as you can see this is how the library opens up in Eagle seven point five point three which is related beta not recommended for commercial work for commercial designs but basically it's just a bug fix version so it really isn't too much that can go wrong in this one so you guys can see we have three columns every library and Eagle consists of these three types of items you have a symbol which is a schematic representation you have a package which is the layout representation and then you have the device which is a marriage of the two okay so for every part that you're going to use in your design you are going to have to make or obtain one of each of these at least okay since devices can actually also have multiple packages what we're going to do now is we're going to go ahead and visit the website with our baby she okay this is a data issue we're going to be working off of so you can see it's the fairchild data issue for the 2n 3904 and we're going to be making the tio 92 package okay that's the one we're going to be making today very simple package but it can help us see the different aspects of drawing a component a needle go to our library and the first we're going to do is make the package so let's click on I see one I'm going to put in the name of the package tio - 9 to stay ok it's going to say create a new package we're going to say yes ok and here we are as you can see this is our work here and here we can put in the description of the package a simple description would just be tio 92 and we might want to include the link to the datasheet or something like that but for now let's leave it at tio 92 okay as a general rule we recommend to do an Engel is to go ahead and Center the part okay generally that tends to work best for moving components around and referencing referencing them so that's we're going to try to stick with here okay if we check our datasheet we're going to notice that it's page 9 age now we're going to notice that all the units are millimeters whereas our drawing grid is in inches so let's go ahead and change that I'm just going to change it to metric because we're going to see is that on this data sheet this is the pin separation 1.27 millimeters if we go back to the library we have one point two seven millimeters okay in general the best or the recommended grid unit spacing is basically either the pin pitch or a half of the pin pitch okay so for now we'll leave it with the pin pitch we'll leave it at one point two seven okay let's go ahead and place in the connections now because at EO 92 packages us through whole package ok we're going to go ahead and place through-hole pads now one thing we're going to observe here is that the width of these pins is between 0.36 and 0.56 ok in this case you always want to design the hole to be able to fit the largest variation so at the thickest you may get a part that has pads that are this pins that are this thick point five six millimeters as a general rule you don't want to have the whole tight at point five six you want to give a little bit of extra room a few tenths of a millimeter don't really make much of a difference it won't you know create slippage or you know the part is going to be able to stay in place you're going to be able to solder it successfully so if you're not given a recommended diameter for for the pad size for the hole generally adding an extra 0.1 millimeter or even point two millimeters is a safe thing to do so that's what we're going to do we're going to go back to the library and then click here on the pad okay we can pick the different types of shapes I'm going to stick with circular I do tend to like circular pads you'll notice that the drill value is set to 0.8 millimeters which is 0.24 millimeters larger than the pin that we saw maybe that's too big so I'm going to go with 0.7 okay diameter set to auto okay what does Auto mean Auto basically allows Eagles design rules to dictate the diameter the finished diameter of the pad okay so the drill value is immutable ego will never tamper with that will never change it but when the diameter however is more negotiable if you set it to auto then you're letting the DRC rest restring tab dictate the final diameter if you specify if you specify a specific a specific diameter what you're going to see is that when you put it into the board if it complies with your restring settings then it will be left alone it will be exactly as you have it here in the library however if the restring settings win or a larger than what you defined here in the library the restring will win and you'll see that on the board the pad will be larger than what you define the library so that's going to be a world just like if you ever see it on your boards but it's beyond the scope of our tutorial today how we're going to deal with that so just put you aware that if you ever notice that your through-hole pads come in larger than you define them in the library it's almost always due to the restring okay so let's go ahead and place the three pads so from what we saw in the data issue we saw that we have a point of one point two seven millimeter pad and we have three of them so here's one here is two and here is three okay very very tight okay that's the separation that we have between them now that's fondling exactly as it is in the data sheet basically building exactly as it's shown here we have a one point two seven millimeter separation however if you guys have ever noticed many times when you buy a transistor you'll receive it something like this in this type of separation so you can plan for either one you can plan for the 2.8 or for the one point two seven I'm going to leave it at the one point two seven I think that's pretty good if we feel that it's too tight as we can see here because of the diameter and all that we can actually just go even lower on these we can do change diameter I'm not going to do that I don't want it to be that tight what we can do is here for the diameter instead of auto we just pick up something a little bit larger let's see how it looks with this one nope too big cancel that that back to Otto another option we have that we could do is we could choose to space them out further than that and they are now but this should be okay if we look at this separation which we can measure by just sending it to mils let's put in something like five if we look going to be too tight so actually this isn't okay what I'm going to do is I'm going to go with the other data sheet here we're going to go with this one okay as you can see it's just 2.8 as a separation so that's what we're going to do so let's go ahead and change this grid back to millimeters whoops no millimeters and let's set it to if the largest separation before was 2.8 then half of that would be 1 point 4 we could do is zero point as to one point four millimeters that's fine and we'll change this to zero point seven now which you can see is that this one is on grid but the other two are off okay the other two aren't in the proper spacing so what we can do is we can just specify this here the position they stay at their old position it's going to remove these and the easiest things to do is just bring in a new one we'll leave it up to point seven which your determine for me four point seven here's one point four here's two point eight point eight okay now let's say there's a situation where you have to place a pad and it doesn't lie perfectly on grid okay that can happen that's a very common thing you have a pad and it doesn't lie perfectly on grid what do you do okay what you can do is while you still have the pad here floating in the command line you can type in a specific point so let's say that we want another pad just for giggles just to illustrate how this works let's say you want to have another pad at two millimeters by two millimeters okay obviously that's not a point that's on grid okay what you do is you open parenthesis you put in the x-coordinate which in this case is two then you put a space in eagle the delimiters of space not a comma a space then the y-coordinate so two two we close the parentheses and we hit enter and as you guys can see it's off grid but it's located at exactly two by two we can do another example negative one let's say negative negative three okay we can put multiple at a time if you just put a space between them you can enter multiple points at once Oh negative two two okay we've added two extra ones okay so whenever you you have to place it somewhere off-grid you can just go ahead and type in the points yourself and so we do that perfect it you'll notice that ego gives these names by default Eagle won't show the pad names if you want to view them you can go options set miscellaneous and you select display pad names okay you basically check that off okay so other thing we want to do now is I'm going to actually change the names of these pads to match what's on the datasheet okay so actually before we do that let's go ahead and draw the rest of the shape so what we're going to do now is going to check our data sheet here we have the physical outline of the part and sometimes it can be useful to have it so let's go ahead and try to get it in okay and the way we're going to do this is roughly we're just going to draw a semicircle okay which is two which is two point six six millimeter radius let's go with that two point six six just to get a feel for how it looks as you can see we're not given a lot of information here and we do have a 5.2 overall here diameter overall length back here at the longest point which if we divide that by two would give us a radius of 2.6 which is kind of here which is kind of within range tool will use 2.6 in this case to get a good radius because that's the widest point here that's what's being measured here in the datasheet there's any questions at any point in this particular frita there is a post a chat or ask a question okay so at this point at this point is the same as this point this point will go with that two point six let's go back to Eagle okay so we can use the art command okay now the our command is several options we can do clockwise put flat caps all that stuff the width of this we're going to set it to this is on the tea place layer so for one system will be okay this will be a five mill which is typical for a silkscreen line okay this case we have to give three points and the our command is always a little tricky because it doesn't behave the way you kind of expect it to you can see here so what we're going to do is we're going to enter points on it okay so we're going to put points on the arc two points first first one is 2.6 in the X dimension zero hit enter okay you can see that's where it's focal point the other point we're going to put it at is two points negative two point six zero here as you can see we can continue to extend it if we want to what we're going to do now is we just pick negative two point six zero again and that gives you a perfectly closed arc if we look at its information here we see its length we see that covers 180 degrees and it's a four arc okay perfect we look at its radius we get two point six millimeters which is the radius we calculated before so basically the way arc works instead of you specifying the center and then the radius and then what angle to run through you basically have to define points on the arc okay which is what we've done here okay if you want to find out more information about how exactly that works you can go into the help command actually easier still help arc okay and it'll bring up it will bring up the documentation page for the health command let's go back and let's get the remaining stuff that we need from the datasheet in datasheet we see the overall height here is four point one nine we don't know what this angle is so we may not want to estimate it again a silkscreen so it may just be enough to have straight lines here as you can see when you're not given information don't let it stop you the critical point will always be dimension property really the most critical thing about this package is the location of these three pins and that they be named properly okay that's really it this little angle here this little taper if you're not giving any measurement for it or you can't find it don't worry about it just square it off or look at if you really really have to have it exact to see if another manufacturer has a more precise datasheet or if not you may have to contact in this case fairchild directly to get them to give you that information okay so here we have two point six millimeters and here we have four point one nine is the overall height right so what does that give us well the difference between let's say two point six and four point two here's again point you know 1/100 of a millimeter not that big a difference that's going to be to be one point six right one point six millimeters well what we do now is using the line command again we're off grid now so we can enter points okay so we have two point six zero basically I'm starting over here I'm going to go up one point six millimeters and then we go to point six one point six now we go to the right we will have negative two point six one point six and I'm going to go down this point down negative two point six zero and perfect and that basically is going to give us what we want yes the basic shape if we like I said if we want to taper it we can kind of gut feel it and move it around but as such I think this is okay so the only other thing we might want to do just looking at at the way it's represented we could obviously go fine so we could draw a line here to kind of separate them we could do that but if we're going to do that I would put it on the info okay maybe not on this ocean you don't really need that Center on a silkscreen we get all so for example cut out these pieces that way the pads stay open completely you know no silkscreen in the model in this case it's not really going to be a problem but just for the sake of a basic part we leave this as is okay the only other thing we need to add here is the name and value placeholders so we go text we put greater than sign name one from the tea names there and we can locate that wherever we see fit I'm going to put this here okay and we're going to put in greater than sign value notice how I'm changing the layer that they're on okay name was on T names value is going to be on T values okay very important to have them on separate layers otherwise you lose the ability to for example eliminate the values from the silkscreen on the finish board okay so it's very important that you always include these on their correct respective layers the other thing you want to do is name these to match the datasheet so we go to datasheet and we see one two three okay so let's go ahead and do that we do though with the name command one two three okay any questions on this any questions on this so far anybody okay cool so now let's move on to the next part which is arguably much easier than this part and that's the symbol the run on our symbol when I say - and 3904 hit enter create new symbol we say yes okay now in the symbol you're going to notice that the grid is set to zero point one inch we do not want to deviate from that zero point one inch we can change it to metric through whatever other measurement system we want but that spacing has to be point one inches the reason for that is that all of the other parts of needles libraries are made to that grid so if you deviate from the grid you're going to have trouble getting things to connect to it remember that the symbol is just a schematic representation it doesn't have to be at precisely measured it just visually has to communicate the point of what this part is okay so that's something that's very very key and we want to always keep in mind so let's go ahead and draw a simple transistor and again I'm going to keep it simple you can get very fancy with the CAD work there are already transistor symbols in Eagles library they're going to be much prettier than what I'm going to draw now but the goal is just to give you an idea of how you would do this starting from scratch once you understand the fundamentals then you can work using you know faster methods more precise or you can reuse you can use your piece to draw symbols for you but for now it's good to learn the manual way okay so the first thing I'm going to do is using the line command we're on the symbols there okay I'm going to go ahead and draw this here we're going to draw this here okay again we're making an NPN transistor so now if you guys notice whenever we set the grid we do have an alternate grid okay you invoke the alternate grid by holding down the Alt key which is what I was going to do right now okay so I'm going to zoom in when I hold down alt and I'm just going to change it to or five I don't need it to be that fine okay so I hold down alt now what that allows me to do is if I don't hold down alt I can only click at grid spaces okay but if I hold down alt and then click in the middle it allows me to get that pretty simple now something we have to keep in mind if we notice the way I place this this part it isn't quite going to be symmetrical around the grid it's embedded does have symmetry but it's not around the grid and that can come back to bite us later so what I'm going to do is I'm going to move this and bring it up just so that I have one grid unit on either side of this origin you'll see why in a second and I've proved these two segments I'm hitting the Move command going to click here I'm going to try to move that there and there we are okay now the reason I did that is because when you design a symbol most of the artwork in fact all of the artwork it doesn't matter if it's on green or not but the connection points do have to be on grid there's no if ands or buts about it so our pinpoints which are brought in using the pin command basically only we always have to make sure that they end up on grid so this one ends up on grid this one's going to end up on grid and this was going to end up on grid okay okay so we did that now this might be a little long for our taste you can change the look at the properties of a pin we're going to see there's lots of properties I set the length too short if they apply and notice it shrinks okay you'll also notice that you can specify a function for it this comes in handy on digital circuits not in the case of transistors we can ignore that visible is going to be important in a second but I'm not going to talk about it just now then we have direction we can set the direction to be either an input only an output only a power pin a high impedance supply pin so on and so forth okay this helps the ERC make certain checks whether you you know make sure you don't have an output connected to another output you know could be dangerous things like that when in doubt if you don't want to deal with with those checks or if you're worried about getting superficial errors or or extraneous errors the safest thing to do is to leave it at an i/o okay which is what we're going to do now swap level basically allows you to specify if different pins can be swapped one for the other okay if you have a swap level of zero it means it's not swappable if you have a value higher than zero than any other pins that have the same number are considered interchangeable okay that's not the case here with this transistors we're not going to worry about it okay okay we also can do these changes using the change command we can set or is it soft level spacing Thanks sure here we go they said that the short we click here we click here we got them short ok pretty simple the only other thing I need to draw here to have a basic transistor symbol is I click here hold down all to get that all anywhere okay it's a very simple NPN transistor symbol okay like I said it's not the prettiest you'll ever see but it's a basic symbol and it is functional ego comes with others you're going to notice that they're much prettier than this one but for our purposes this is going to be enough now again we have the issue of naming these spins so let's go ahead and do that we use a name command this will be B for base this will be C for collector and this will be e for emitter and that's a little better you know they're obviously not running all over each other but the simple itself is pretty descriptive we don't really need to be able to see these are these designators so again we can go visible remember a parameter from the info command and we can say whether we want to just see the pad we want to see just the pen we want to see both or neither for a transistor it's probably helpful to do to see the pad so we're going to change the visibility's disk pad okay and that's going to help us later confirm what's connected to what so the symbol is almost completed let's go ahead and bring in again our our name and value text to greater than sign name okay we could make sure it's on the names there put that there we do greater than sign value and we make sure that it's on the values line okay now you guys may be thinking that gets very tedious especially if you're making a lot of parts ego already comes with a ULP design to kind of speed that part up to automate this is it's a very menial and common task which you can do is you click on the UOP icon and in the set that comes with ego there's one called set name and value which is this right here if you just double click it it'll automatically put them in for you and it will put them in at the correct size and on the correct layer okay so you don't really have to worry about it names this is value very simple any questions on this okay so now let's go to the final step we have our package we have our symbol and at any point in time we can review them just by going to this icon which is the table of contents and you can see our package or symbol we're going to do now is make the device on device we can give it the same name 2n 904 say yes okay this is the device dialog you can see looks different than the others again we can put description and p.m. and sister and 3904 keep in mind that you can use HTML tags so for example use a break to put any line beta equals on and off 200 okay and IMAX what was 100 millimetres 100 milliamps about that something else we can do over here is I'm going to go ahead and make this top part bold and you can put in whatever you want like I said it does support HTML tags so you can put links you can put images in here so you can really have a lot of documentation but again for our purposes this is more than sufficient the first thing we do is going to add in our transistor symbol and see there it is say okay again try to Center it there it is nice and centered you'll notice that it gets a G dollar sign one g dollar someone basically if the if you were to have additional transistors in the same package they would each be named differently to indicate a different a different value a a different gate but because this is a single transistor component this is enough you don't assign one is fine just something to worry about there next thing we're going to do is add in a new package we click new we select RT o 92 package that we may we say ok there it is perfect want to set up our prefix if you do not define the prefix ego we'll assume you dollar sign okay for transistor we usually use Q or T usually it's cute because she is taken in by a transformer so we'll go with Q let's say a value on over here so let me explain what the value off and honest if you set value to on then basically in the schematic when you use this part its value is adjustable if you set it to off then its value is going to be whatever the device name is so in this case the best thing to do is to just leave the value to off that way it will become the transistors part number obviously this was a capacitor a resistor then it would make more sense to set the value to on final thing we're going to do is connect whenever you have a package and it hasn't been connected you'll get this this is this a little warning sign here click connect as you can see now we have three columns we have a pin column we have a pad column and then we have the connection columns and what we end up doing is we end up just picking for example base if we go back to the datasheet we find that the base is actually pin 2 it's a center pin so we select 2 we say connect okay then one which is this one right here is the collector and again we can see all this by going back to the datasheet get all right there see in 1 & 2 pin during those you'll have to mentally reorient the the drawing to be able to to know which one is which okay so we go back over here and one is the collector and pin 3 is the emitter once you have emptied out the pins column you're done notice how I said once you empty out the pins column you can have extra pads Eagles okay with that what you can have is less pads and pins so we say okay all right and that's basically it so what we're going to do now as you can see this allows us to verify when we use the part we can make sure everything is okay once you start gaining some confidence even this you might find this too much and you can turn those off by using the visual property in the symbol so right now we're going to go in and do a file save on our library save it to the desktop for okay get safe and that's it we've made our first component so if we want to use it very simply just go file new schematic you go library use you browse to where the library is saved from Mike is here on the desktop I'll pick F F or you double-click it and all you have to do now is when you go to the add command you'll find it here sf4 and we can go ahead and bring it in many as we want so as you can see building a component on your own really isn't that difficult especially in a simple case like this one even when we go into more sophisticated types of components the process isn't much more complicated you just simply are doing more of the same type of operation if I switch to a board now and you'll see that we have all all of our packages the same ones we created in the library ok and remember how I told you by setting the value to off it would automatically take the device name you guys this is basically it for first flights episode 4 let me go ahead and stop sharing let's go ahead and answer questions let me see can you modify this in parts to make new ones yes you can you can definitely copy arm from Eagles existing libraries into your personal libraries and modify existing parts which is how in the general case which you will be doing is basically reusing what's already there and I'll show you a quick example of how to do that right now so let me go ahead and share my screen again okay so I should still have that library open and I don't that was my mistake okay let's go ahead and ensure that we go file open library go to desktop and we have ff4 okay here's my library right now let's say I want to copy to it I want to copy the existing symbol or package to it what we do is easiest way to do it is you go to the you control panel let me expand the library stream find the part you wish to copy so in my case I'm going to go to the transistor NPN library this ado this example over here and we have the device you see a much better symbol and what I made we can also see on another package for the teo 92 that's possible okay let's say I only want the symbol what you can do then is if you scroll down you'll see that the symbols are listening to their own tree we get NPN dot C and P n SC Darlington on a driver let's just a normal one okay what we do is because we have a library open okay and this is key whatever library you want to copy into it has to be open it doesn't have to be up on screen but it does have to be open okay we go over here we right-click and we say copy to library when you do that you'll see that it came in okay and there it is much nicer right right here better drawn the other thing you notice is whoever did this part basically make sure that nothing was swappable by assigning everything a different number okay this is probably a throwback from one of the early releases of Eagle where the zero wasn't supported initially okay so then what we do is we can go back to our table of contents um we see and p.m. and you can do that for anything for a symbol a package if you do it for a device you'll get everything associated with that device if I 6 2 and through 904 I right-click on that and I say copy the library you're going to see that NPN even though I'm pans already there and see only two would come with it let's say something like this right I right-click on it and actually copy the library going to see if they both come if we go to table contents view as Dartington is the tio 92 package that this part using then there's that device you see it's very easy to copy from equals existing libraries you just open up whatever library want to copy in to go to the control panel find what you want to copy right click and hit copy the library any other questions guys you if there are no other questions that's everything for today thank you very much guys for joining me on this first flight as you can see it was a holdup got any question okay so we do have some more questions let's go ahead and go through those so one question how to download parts from the New York website okay from the New York website basically you do have to have a login at element14.com okay so I'm going to go and share my screen again over here what you're going to do is you're going to go to resources add saw fuel design go over here to CAD libraries for example you have to be logged in order for this to work okay so you go ahead and find a library that you want to download say the Fairchild one you click there so take you to this page left click on the download Eagle library you're going to unzip it and then you'll have it available to you okay you'll basically have an OB our fault you can use in some cases it may not be an LBO you may get an SCR but it will have full instructions on how to import it into Eagle and let me see what other questions we had I have to design a PCB with a 100 M power MOSFET to-220 but the pads seem always to near okay if the pads seem too near okay then remember how I mentioned the restring issue it could be the case that restring is inflating your pad so that are larger than you originally drew them in the board if that's not the case then what you could do is you may just have to create a little extra space or pick a different package the to-220 package is a little bit it's kind of pushing it for a hundred amps you may want to try finding a t oh I think it's a 202 or something like that which is a bit bulkier and has greater separation between the pads so that may be an option um but if not if the pads seem way too near and what you can do is just make separate the pads a little bit but be aware that you'll have to open up the pins a bit as well and you can kind of make it work that way on a one-off prototype that will work on a manufacturing product that needs to be manufactured then you may just want to reconsider the package if you feel concerns the pads are too near to each other okay so can we use a BMP picture to make a component you can like for the silkscreen for example you can import a bitmap for the silkscreen but it won't create the connectivity it won't create the copper and that stuff those things you do have to create with the pad command or you know or with the pins depending on where you're importing the bitmap into so you can use it you can use a bitmap for that but like I said really is for the silkscreen you wouldn't want to use it for anything else okay I only added a description to the package is there any value in adding a description to the similar device there is the device because when you're searching for the part the description that shows up as a devices description I only added it to the package just for the sake of brevity but yeah in general cases when making your own the best places or the ones where makes the most sense in the device and in the package more the device in than the other ones because the devices of the description you'll see when you're in the add command searching for a part that's the description you'll see there but even for the package or the symbol it is useful to add descriptions if you basically follow some sort of guide or standard like a datasheet or something to make that part basically it's a way to verify that you've made the part correctly somebody else can look up that datasheet and make sure it was made properly so there is value and adding to it hey is must have yeah yeah you'd of the bitmap usually can help to have a nicer look but again if you do the drawing well also you don't necessarily need a bitmap but you can use the bitmap it can make life easier any other questions and make sure I'm not missing anything okay if your group lines in a symbol is any way to specify a new location what is the origin of a group this is a good question let's go ahead and check that out okay so let's go to the schematic that I make that this will be a good enough illustration okay the group always behaves the same way okay as far as picking its origin and stuff like that so let's say we have a group okay these two transistors I have the Move command I want to move in obviously if I hold down control and right-click here the nearest grid point becomes my origin if I click here this becomes my origin if I click here so as you can see the origin becomes wherever you control right click okay control right click over here that becomes my origin so if you're observant you're going to see that wherever I control right-click to perform the operation on the group that becomes my reference point or my origin for that group if I want to specify a specific point okay then what you would do is you would open a parenthesis let me see what point I want to use so say is this input one to point to the open a parenthesis you put a greater than sign space the X the x coordinate one point one then a space y coordinate to point to go Sabrina's and hit enter and you'll see that that's where reference that's where it grabs the group okay so you can specify the origin of the group by doing open parentheses greater than sign than a space X and y coordinate of that point okay that's how you do that and then now because you know the origin you can also specify an invocation just by entering it x-coordinate let's say - y coordinate - as well okay so hopefully that answers a question is there anything else being else anything I missed hey if not this has been first flights episode four thank you guys for taking the cut at the time to come to this webinar do you guys have any further questions on this feel free to send me an email support at cadSoft usa.com this will be this recording will be posted I will post a link on the webinar page and I will try to also convert this to YouTube it's a way you guys have that as an alternative as well okay so thank you very much everyone and have a great day 37079