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♪♪
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♪♪
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[bike bell rings]
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BASTIAN: So, it was
in the winter of 2015,
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I was at the house
with my parents,
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with my wife and my kids.
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And everybody was
sick, so really sick.
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I was the last one standing.
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Then I got this first ping, this
first message from a person who
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called himself John Doe, and
asked if I would be interested
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in data.
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♪♪
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♪♪
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♪♪
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♪♪
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NEWS REPORTER 1: We turn now to
the bombshell causing shockwaves
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around the world, the
so-called Panama Papers.
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♪♪
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NEWS REPORTER 2: What may be the
largest leak of secret documents
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in history.
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♪♪
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NEWS REPORTER 3: Massive
document leak allegedly showing
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how world leaders and the
mega-rich hide billions
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of dollars.
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♪♪
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NEWS REPORTER 4: A new report
which finds eight billionaires
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own as much wealth as the
poorest half of the
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world's population.
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♪♪
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NEWS REPORTER 5: The papers
paint a picture of wide-spread
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corruption and tax evasion.
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♪♪
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NEWS REPORTER 6: Now we
have journalists stepping in,
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trying to tear down those
barriers of secrecy and exposing
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what is happening
behind closed doors.
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♪♪
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NEWS REPORTER 7: The
revelation now kicking off a
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world-wide investigation.
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♪♪
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NEWS REPORTER 8: The whole
issue here is about secrecy.
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People can create shell
corporations and secretly move
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money around.
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♪♪
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NEWS REPORTER 9: World-wide
estimates suggest tens of
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trillions of dollars are
hidden in off-shore accounts.
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♪♪
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NEWS REPORTER 10: What's really
shocking is the fact that twelve
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current or former heads of
state are being accused in
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these papers.
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♪♪
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NEWS REPORTER 11: A journalist
investigating the Panama Papers
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has been killed, sending other
journalists into hiding for fear
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of their safety.
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♪♪
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NEWS REPORTER 12: The law
firm is denying any wrongdoing,
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but this scandal,
the Panama Papers,
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is just beginning.
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[machinery noises]
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♪♪
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♪♪
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JOHN: My viewpoint
is entirely my own.
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Income inequality is one of
the defining issues of our time.
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It affects all of
us, the world over.
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Still, questions remain.
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Why?
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And why now?
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The Panama Papers provide a
compelling answer to
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these questions.
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Massive, pervasive corruption.
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It's not a coincidence that the
answers come from a law firm.
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Mossack Fonseca used its
influence to write and bend laws
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worldwide to favor the interest
of criminals over a period
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of decades.
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♪♪
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♪♪
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BASTIAN: In the first
day and the first days,
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it was so fascinating because
this window in our world opened
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where nobody had ever looked in.
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I always wanted to write.
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Um, I wanted to
become a novelist,
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but that didn't really work out,
so I intended to become a
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sports writer.
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And that also didn't
work out, and here I am, so...
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[laughs]
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BASTIAN: Well, I think it's,
um, more or less the defense for
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injustice in some way.
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We founded our own
paper in Rosenheim,
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where I come from, because we
had the feeling that all the
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media there are very much
right-wing orientated and that
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your important stories
are not really told.
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The fact that the
data of Mossack Fonseca,
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which I knew as a black hole.
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They work with all
kinds of criminals.
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You know, they all hold the
information that people who want
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to keep their secrets put in
there to disappear from
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the public.
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So I knew the
company, and I thought,
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you know, this guy has access
to the inner stuff of
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Mossack Fonseca.
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I'm the guy who
wants to have it.
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[laughs]
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KATRIN: Mossack Fonseca
is a law firm from Panama,
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and their business is secrecy.
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If you have about
a thousand euros,
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you can buy an offshore
company, it's quite easy,
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and then you can
even buy, like,
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shame directors which means
that all the business you do,
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someone else is signing, someone
else is "doing the business".
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So no one actually
knows that you own stuff,
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and you can hide
all your businesses.
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[typing]
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There's a world that is only
accessible for the powerful and
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the richest, where
they hide their money,
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where they enable
money laundering,
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corruption, and actually, the
plundering of all continents.
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NEWS REPORTER 13: Since 2015,
the richest one percent have
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been more wealthy than the
rest of the world's
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population combined.
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Now Oxfam says the poorest 10%
have seen their income increase
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by less than $3 a year
between 1988 and 2011.
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BASTIAN: If we have streets that
are in not a good condition,
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if we do not have enough
preschool places or good schools
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or if we do have to pay too
much money for universities,
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that is due to the fact that
there's so many people out there
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that are avoiding
and evading taxes.
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That's a problem that is
concerning every country all
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around the world,
and every one of us.
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♪♪
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BASTIAN: In the first days, it
didn't seem like this is the
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biggest leak in
history of journalism.
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It only was, this seems
to be a really good story.
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FREDERIK: The amount of data
that Bastian and me received
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grew and grew.
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It was really like an addiction.
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I spent night and day
clicking through the data.
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[background chatter]
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FREDERIK: When we then found the
first names of heads of state
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heads of government.
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We found, you know, the
best friend of Vladimir Putin.
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We found the
Icelandic Prime Minister.
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Even celebrities.
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We always found something that
I thought this is really
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worth reporting.
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If you find money
tied to Bashar Al-Assad,
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and to Vladimir Putin,
and to other dictators,
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then you somehow have the
feeling maybe it's not a good
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idea that only I know.
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Some colleagues
asked us, actually,
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are you crazy sharing a scoop?
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Giving away something our
newspaper could have alone?
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But by sharing, we enabled this
investigation to be something
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big and to make our
investigations better.
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♪♪
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FREDERIK: So we reached out
to the ICIJ in Washington and
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tracked the data.
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MARINA: ICIJ was
created 20 years ago,
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and we can say that its mission
is to defeat the traditional
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model of the lone wolf
investigative reporter.
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The lone wolf investigative
reporter is all for herself or
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himself, and so ICIJ was created
as a network of investigative
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reporters in more than 60
countries who collaborate on
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stories that are too complex,
and that need to be told from a
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collective perspective, from
a collaborative perspective,
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that need to be
told across borders,
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in collaboration.
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The general
meeting is at 3:45.
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I am originally from Argentina.
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I went into
journalism fairly young at 18,
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decided to be a journalist.
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I saw a lot of, uh, inequality
in my country growing up,
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a lot of corruption, and I
wanted to do something about it,
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but not from an
activist point of view,
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but from a
journalistic point of view.
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[background chatter]
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MARINA: When we started
receiving the data from
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Suüddeutsche Zeitung and
analyzing it and realizing that
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it was connected
to 200 countries,
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that there were thousands
of public figures and prime
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ministers and presidents
and princesses and queens,
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and we have to do the biggest
investigation we have ever done
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to do justice to this data.
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GERARD: I have to admit, my
first thought was skepticism
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because I thought, well, we've
done these stories on
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off-shore before.
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We've done, I
think at that stage,
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four or five of them, and I was
wondering how it was gonna be
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possible to get all the media
partners interested in doing
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another story about off-shore,
but we really had cracked the
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off-shore.
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Well, even though we had
done previous stories,
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we didn't have this kind
of information before,
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and I really thought
it was a breakthrough.
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EMILIA: 11.5 million documents.
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You have all these
complex kind of documents,
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some that you familiarize with,
but sometimes you also have
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databases within them.
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MATTHEW: They
were mostly emails,
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PDFs and everything else,
but because there were so many
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millions of documents, we had to
make it easy for journalists to
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search through them
by using data sets,
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for example, all the
clients of Mossack Fonseca,
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all the intermediaries,
clients per country,
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and so on.
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BASTIAN: Every company
has a number and a folder,
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so it's very easy to
navigate, actually,
206
00:11:41,178 --> 00:11:43,137
in the original data.
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EMILIA: Then we upload it
to a platform that we call
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"Blacklight", and
this becomes like,
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00:11:49,317 --> 00:11:52,755
Google, where
you have a search box.
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So you're actually able to
figure out what are some names
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of people of public interest in
your country are present in
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that data.
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GERARD: One big danger here was
that someone was feeding us the
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documents and then would perhaps
slip in some false information
215
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into the documents.
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We wanted to make sure
that wasn't happening.
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We had done some work on
Mossack Fonseca in the past,
218
00:12:13,428 --> 00:12:16,387
so we actually had a set of
documents that we could compare
219
00:12:16,431 --> 00:12:19,129
the information we were
getting from the new source,
220
00:12:19,173 --> 00:12:21,653
the John Doe source,
with what we had before.
221
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So my, you know, early stage
was to to keep questioning
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everything and to make sure that
we were jumping every hurdle.
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EMILIA: We decided to
reconstruct a database of the
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00:12:32,621 --> 00:12:37,408
companies and the shareholders
connected to Mossack Fonseca.
225
00:12:37,452 --> 00:12:41,282
It's called Linkurious, and
you just start typing people's
226
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names, or companies' names.
227
00:12:42,849 --> 00:12:45,025
You will get a
circle called a node,
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and if you click on
it, it start expanding,
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00:12:48,332 --> 00:12:52,293
and then you will be able to see
how many companies a person is
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connected to or who are the
shareholders behind a company.
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MARINA: We literally took
months to make available this
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00:12:59,996 --> 00:13:03,130
information to the journalists,
and we were making it available
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00:13:03,173 --> 00:13:05,828
in batches up
until the very end.
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00:13:05,872 --> 00:13:09,614
I think the last batch of
information of documents was
235
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released perhaps a couple of
months before publication.
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♪♪
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MARINA: You don't just call
great reporters that you have
238
00:13:26,501 --> 00:13:28,111
heard of.
239
00:13:28,155 --> 00:13:31,854
You have to call people that you
know you can work with who are
240
00:13:31,898 --> 00:13:34,857
excellent reporters, but
also people that you can trust.
241
00:13:42,604 --> 00:13:46,086
We had been getting to
know the team at McClatchy,
242
00:13:46,129 --> 00:13:48,349
and they ticked every box.
243
00:13:48,392 --> 00:13:50,177
They really wanted
to work as a team.
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00:13:53,223 --> 00:13:55,399
KEVIN: Who's surprised that
bad guys hide their money?
245
00:13:55,443 --> 00:13:58,533
You know, nobody was
saying that was the surprise.
246
00:13:58,576 --> 00:14:01,231
The surprise is, yeah, you pull
this veil back and you see this
247
00:14:01,275 --> 00:14:02,798
is how they do it.
248
00:14:02,842 --> 00:14:04,452
Everything you
thought was happening,
249
00:14:04,495 --> 00:14:05,932
here's the evidence.
250
00:14:05,975 --> 00:14:07,542
It is.
251
00:14:07,585 --> 00:14:09,152
Yeah, because of...
252
00:14:09,196 --> 00:14:11,546
I'm a former South America
Bureau Chief for the company,
253
00:14:11,589 --> 00:14:14,462
and Mossack Fonseca
is a Latin company,
254
00:14:14,505 --> 00:14:18,422
Latin clients, and so it was
an area that I could help with.
255
00:14:18,466 --> 00:14:20,772
I grew up in-in
Ecuador as a child.
256
00:14:20,816 --> 00:14:23,384
I grew up a little different
than most Americans because I
257
00:14:23,427 --> 00:14:26,430
saw the poverty, I saw kids with
no legs begging in front of the
258
00:14:26,474 --> 00:14:31,348
soccer stadium on Saturdays, and
so you know this different world
259
00:14:31,392 --> 00:14:35,222
exists, but to have it so
spelled out clearly where you
260
00:14:35,265 --> 00:14:37,920
can see.
261
00:14:37,964 --> 00:14:39,791
You can start to see
these connections,
262
00:14:39,835 --> 00:14:42,185
and then the rest of it
is kind of the legwork.
263
00:14:42,229 --> 00:14:43,795
Okay, you know they
have an offshore account,
264
00:14:43,839 --> 00:14:45,928
so what?
265
00:14:45,972 --> 00:14:47,495
You know, what do
you do from there?
266
00:14:47,538 --> 00:14:49,366
What more can you
say about that?
267
00:14:49,410 --> 00:14:54,894
[background chatter]
268
00:14:54,937 --> 00:14:57,592
MARISA: Usually as
a, as a reporter,
269
00:14:57,635 --> 00:15:02,031
you have tips, you have some
kind of roadmap of where you
270
00:15:02,075 --> 00:15:03,424
want to go with a story.
271
00:15:03,467 --> 00:15:07,080
With this, we had
absolutely no roadmap.
272
00:15:10,344 --> 00:15:12,781
We weren't the
big guys, you know?
273
00:15:12,824 --> 00:15:16,524
We were the ones who tried to
break stories that the big guys
274
00:15:16,567 --> 00:15:17,873
didn't have.
275
00:15:17,917 --> 00:15:20,397
We were the, the
underdogs, to some degree.
276
00:15:20,441 --> 00:15:23,879
It was also something that
we had to kind of sell to our
277
00:15:23,923 --> 00:15:27,448
company at the time, because
they had decided that they were
278
00:15:27,491 --> 00:15:29,929
gonna shut their
foreign bureaus.
279
00:15:29,972 --> 00:15:32,888
They were
wondering what value,
280
00:15:32,932 --> 00:15:35,804
foreign news would
have to their readers.
281
00:15:35,847 --> 00:15:40,287
Why are people gonna care that
the rich don't pay their taxes
282
00:15:40,330 --> 00:15:42,637
and crooks are crooks?
283
00:15:42,680 --> 00:15:45,857
Everyone knows that.
284
00:15:45,901 --> 00:15:49,905
What he didn't understand is
that this was such an enormous
285
00:15:49,949 --> 00:15:52,255
amount of data, it
was revealing a,
286
00:15:52,299 --> 00:15:53,517
a whole world.
287
00:15:53,561 --> 00:15:56,172
It wasn't just a
story about offshores;
288
00:15:56,216 --> 00:15:58,000
It was, it was the goods.
289
00:15:58,044 --> 00:16:00,568
We had the goods
on how it worked.
290
00:16:09,446 --> 00:16:12,972
JOÓHANNES: I'm a
nerd about journalism.
291
00:16:13,015 --> 00:16:15,452
I had been a
journalist for over 15 years,
292
00:16:15,496 --> 00:16:20,457
and I look at myself as a
person that wants to be the
293
00:16:20,501 --> 00:16:24,940
pipeline for minority
groups to publish their story,
294
00:16:24,984 --> 00:16:29,336
to ask questions inside the
government and find answers for
295
00:16:29,379 --> 00:16:30,293
those groups.
296
00:16:30,337 --> 00:16:33,818
♪♪
297
00:16:33,862 --> 00:16:35,298
JOÓHANNES: I got a
call from Marina Walker,
298
00:16:35,342 --> 00:16:37,692
the Deputy Director of ICIJ.
299
00:16:37,735 --> 00:16:40,869
She asked me, do-do you
want to work on a leak?
300
00:16:40,912 --> 00:16:46,918
And we have a lot of
Icelandic names in the leak.
301
00:16:46,962 --> 00:16:50,748
And we have your prime
minister there and his wife.
302
00:16:50,792 --> 00:16:53,751
And at that moment, uh,
everything froze in front of me.
303
00:16:56,406 --> 00:16:59,540
I thought to myself, wow, this
is going to be a bomb here
304
00:16:59,583 --> 00:17:01,629
in Iceland.
305
00:17:01,672 --> 00:17:04,719
Nobody knew about his
offshore company called Wintris.
306
00:17:07,287 --> 00:17:09,854
If you Googled Wintris
before the Panama Papers,
307
00:17:09,898 --> 00:17:13,989
you couldn't find anything, and
the prime minister hadn't been
308
00:17:14,033 --> 00:17:17,601
transparent about his
involvement into the
309
00:17:17,645 --> 00:17:19,255
offshore world.
310
00:17:19,299 --> 00:17:22,606
Ladies and gentlemen, it's a
pleasure for me to be here today
311
00:17:22,650 --> 00:17:24,826
at Iceland Investment Forum.
312
00:17:24,869 --> 00:17:28,438
It takes time for any given
country to resurface from
313
00:17:28,482 --> 00:17:32,790
political turmoil after a
large-scale economic crisis.
314
00:17:32,834 --> 00:17:34,966
We've already made
significant progress,
315
00:17:35,010 --> 00:17:38,057
and I'm convinced that the
policy this government has put
316
00:17:38,100 --> 00:17:42,800
forward is a sound one, and that
is what bring further benefits.
317
00:17:42,844 --> 00:17:45,977
I have to admit that when
you hear the prime minister is
318
00:17:46,021 --> 00:17:50,025
involved, his wife
and other big business,
319
00:17:50,069 --> 00:17:52,680
people in Iceland
very powerful people,
320
00:17:52,723 --> 00:17:56,379
then you start to think
about what will happen?
321
00:17:56,423 --> 00:17:59,643
Hope to see you and
your money in Iceland.
322
00:17:59,687 --> 00:18:00,644
[laughter]
323
00:18:00,688 --> 00:18:01,558
[applause]
324
00:18:01,602 --> 00:18:04,996
[traffic noise]
325
00:18:05,040 --> 00:18:06,563
GERARD: At this point,
we continue on to London,
326
00:18:06,607 --> 00:18:10,132
and I met with The Guardian,
because I knew if they were
327
00:18:10,176 --> 00:18:12,743
involved that it'd be easier to
convince other media partners to
328
00:18:12,787 --> 00:18:14,484
get involved.
329
00:18:15,703 --> 00:18:17,792
LUKE: This was a
really important leak.
330
00:18:17,835 --> 00:18:21,230
I think, I think we've had three
super leaks this century so far.
331
00:18:23,667 --> 00:18:26,409
We have Wikileaks where we
got the kind of unmediated view
332
00:18:26,453 --> 00:18:28,411
of the most
powerful country on Earth,
333
00:18:28,455 --> 00:18:29,673
the United States.
334
00:18:29,717 --> 00:18:31,458
NEWS REPORTER 14: The
biggest leak of U.S.
335
00:18:31,501 --> 00:18:32,981
military secrets ever.
336
00:18:33,024 --> 00:18:35,679
Website Wikileaks hit the
"send" button on some 400,000
337
00:18:35,723 --> 00:18:37,942
sensitive
documents about the Iraq war.
338
00:18:37,986 --> 00:18:39,161
[gunshots]
339
00:18:39,205 --> 00:18:41,163
LUKE: Then we had
Snowden who came along,
340
00:18:41,207 --> 00:18:44,384
who proved that all of our data
is being collected all the time,
341
00:18:44,427 --> 00:18:45,994
that we're being surveilled.
342
00:18:46,037 --> 00:18:48,997
I, sitting at my desk, uh,
certainly had the authorities
343
00:18:49,040 --> 00:18:53,654
to wiretap anyone from you
or your accountant to a federal
344
00:18:53,697 --> 00:18:56,178
judge to even the President,
if I had a personal email.
345
00:18:56,222 --> 00:18:58,572
LUKE: He sort of lifted what I
would call mass surveillance.
346
00:18:58,615 --> 00:19:01,531
And then we had
the Panama Papers.
347
00:19:01,575 --> 00:19:05,796
We had emails, uh, between the
law firm and what they called
348
00:19:05,840 --> 00:19:08,190
their clients, which typically
meant other intermediaries,
349
00:19:08,234 --> 00:19:11,106
banks, lawyers,
accountants all over the world.
350
00:19:11,150 --> 00:19:14,153
We had passport scans and we had
kind of incorporation documents,
351
00:19:14,196 --> 00:19:17,373
we had a lot of postage
stamps from these very
352
00:19:17,417 --> 00:19:19,027
exotic locations.
353
00:19:19,070 --> 00:19:20,724
Pretty much all of it was set up
so that no one can kind of
354
00:19:20,768 --> 00:19:22,335
peer inside.
355
00:19:22,378 --> 00:19:25,773
And, and suddenly, we had a
kind of treasure trove of stuff.
356
00:19:25,816 --> 00:19:27,818
I've been on The
Guardian for about 20 years.
357
00:19:27,862 --> 00:19:29,951
12 years as a foreign
correspondent bouncing around
358
00:19:29,994 --> 00:19:31,909
the world:
Afghanistan, Iraq, Berlin,
359
00:19:31,953 --> 00:19:34,042
and then I was
placed into Moscow,
360
00:19:34,085 --> 00:19:36,653
where I kind of really plunged
into what you might call kind of
361
00:19:36,697 --> 00:19:38,829
post-Soviet muck.
362
00:19:38,873 --> 00:19:42,006
Corruption,
espionage, Vladimir Putin,
363
00:19:42,050 --> 00:19:45,923
his money,
question mark, and so on.
364
00:19:49,100 --> 00:19:50,624
JULIETTE: You're
not just going in,
365
00:19:50,667 --> 00:19:51,886
going oh, look, you know, here's
the whole story in black and
366
00:19:51,929 --> 00:19:53,061
white for me.
367
00:19:53,104 --> 00:19:54,454
It's a lot of
detective work, of,
368
00:19:54,497 --> 00:19:58,501
of painstaking piecing together.
369
00:20:00,590 --> 00:20:02,810
You don't just dump stuff.
370
00:20:02,853 --> 00:20:06,292
You find the narratives, you
make them matter to people.
371
00:20:07,945 --> 00:20:11,688
I joined The Guardian in
2011 as telecoms correspondent,
372
00:20:11,732 --> 00:20:14,125
and, because I speak French, I
was pulled into an investigation
373
00:20:14,169 --> 00:20:17,085
into HSBC Bank, and
its Swiss operation,
374
00:20:17,128 --> 00:20:19,653
which was the first ICIJ
investigation that I'd
375
00:20:19,696 --> 00:20:21,307
worked on.
376
00:20:21,350 --> 00:20:23,004
NEWS REPORTER 15: The massive
investigation by media outlets
377
00:20:23,047 --> 00:20:25,615
including France's Le Monde and
Britain's Guardian Newspaper.
378
00:20:25,659 --> 00:20:29,140
They've revealed that HSBC Swiss
private banking arm has helped
379
00:20:29,184 --> 00:20:31,621
thousands of wealthy
clients to evade tax.
380
00:20:31,665 --> 00:20:33,754
JULIETTE: It was a
big story over here,
381
00:20:33,797 --> 00:20:37,671
and then I, I got brought in to
do the Panama Papers a few month
382
00:20:37,714 --> 00:20:39,542
after that.
383
00:20:45,331 --> 00:20:47,289
MATTHEW: I knew that there were
companies in Malta that were
384
00:20:47,333 --> 00:20:51,075
using Mossack Fonseca to set up
companies in Panama for their
385
00:20:51,119 --> 00:20:56,690
clients, but what I never
imagined was that I would find
386
00:20:56,733 --> 00:21:00,868
the name of a
cabinet minister in there.
387
00:21:00,911 --> 00:21:03,740
There were three
companies that were set up.
388
00:21:03,784 --> 00:21:07,091
The names of Konrad Mizzi
and of Konrad Mizzi's wife,
389
00:21:07,135 --> 00:21:10,834
Sai Mizzi, and Konrad
Mizzi's children appeared in
390
00:21:10,878 --> 00:21:13,402
the documentation.
391
00:21:13,446 --> 00:21:17,754
There were never any names given
for the third company, Egrant.
392
00:21:20,366 --> 00:21:22,977
My mother, through a
different sources,
393
00:21:23,020 --> 00:21:28,287
one of who worked in a bank
where documentation related to
394
00:21:28,330 --> 00:21:32,378
this third company was kept,
worked out that the shares were
395
00:21:32,421 --> 00:21:34,989
being held in the name of
the Prime Minister's wife,
396
00:21:35,032 --> 00:21:38,035
Michelle Muscat.
397
00:21:38,079 --> 00:21:40,908
I think that's when we realized
that what we were dealing with
398
00:21:40,951 --> 00:21:44,651
in Malta was a
system of state capture,
399
00:21:44,694 --> 00:21:47,436
that every institution of the
state has been captured by
400
00:21:47,480 --> 00:21:49,264
this gang.
401
00:21:49,308 --> 00:21:51,353
They're laundering money,
they're laundering campaign
402
00:21:51,397 --> 00:21:54,878
funding, and they're going to
go to prison for a long time.
403
00:21:54,922 --> 00:21:57,054
I was sure of that at the time.
404
00:22:02,146 --> 00:22:04,932
WOMAN 1: This is all about
secrecy and the ability to hide
405
00:22:04,975 --> 00:22:06,673
your money, your assets.
406
00:22:06,716 --> 00:22:08,762
LUKE: The rich
and the super-rich,
407
00:22:08,805 --> 00:22:11,286
together with most sort of
multi-national corporations,
408
00:22:11,330 --> 00:22:15,377
essentially exited quietly, sort
of slipped off stage from the
409
00:22:15,421 --> 00:22:17,988
messy business of-of-of
universal taxation some
410
00:22:18,032 --> 00:22:19,947
time ago.
411
00:22:22,993 --> 00:22:24,952
Before I started work
on the Panama Papers,
412
00:22:24,995 --> 00:22:27,868
I thought that
offshore was a kind of small,
413
00:22:27,911 --> 00:22:31,306
minor, who cares, you know,
little aspect of the economic
414
00:22:31,350 --> 00:22:33,787
system we knew
not so much about,
415
00:22:33,830 --> 00:22:35,789
and after reading
the Panama Papers,
416
00:22:35,832 --> 00:22:37,704
I realized it is
the economic system.
417
00:22:37,747 --> 00:22:39,401
It is the system.
418
00:22:39,445 --> 00:22:41,925
Eight trillion dollars
is stuffed in tax havens,
419
00:22:41,969 --> 00:22:44,014
western countries,
including the U.S.,
420
00:22:44,058 --> 00:22:46,756
are losing about 200 billion
dollars a year in tax revenues.
421
00:22:50,934 --> 00:22:52,849
PAUL: We were still
debating, at that time,
422
00:22:52,893 --> 00:22:56,200
whether tax avoidance was a
matter of public interest or
423
00:22:56,244 --> 00:22:58,420
not, or could you simply do
what you liked with your money?
424
00:22:58,464 --> 00:23:00,466
But what it did
establish for us,
425
00:23:00,509 --> 00:23:03,164
the scale of it, it just showed
you there were underground
426
00:23:03,207 --> 00:23:06,559
rivers of money washing around
the globe unbeknownst to
427
00:23:06,602 --> 00:23:08,430
most people.
428
00:23:08,474 --> 00:23:11,955
MARINA: We are writing about an
incredibly damaging part of our
429
00:23:11,999 --> 00:23:16,307
economy that has become so
central and so mainstream that
430
00:23:16,351 --> 00:23:20,007
it's creating French revolution
levels of inequality
431
00:23:20,050 --> 00:23:21,922
and injustice.
432
00:23:24,228 --> 00:23:29,059
And the challenge we have is to
be able to bring this story home
433
00:23:29,103 --> 00:23:33,324
to people, to show them that
this story matters to you,
434
00:23:33,368 --> 00:23:36,458
affects your
life, and guess what?
435
00:23:36,502 --> 00:23:39,461
You are the
victim in this story.
436
00:24:08,490 --> 00:24:09,796
JOHN: Decisions have
been made that
437
00:24:09,839 --> 00:24:12,451
have spared the wealthy,
while focusing instead on
438
00:24:12,494 --> 00:24:16,063
reining in middle and
low-income citizens.
439
00:24:17,630 --> 00:24:20,023
The collective impact of these
failures has been a complete
440
00:24:20,067 --> 00:24:23,374
erosion of ethical standards,
ultimately leading to a novel
441
00:24:23,418 --> 00:24:26,813
system we still call capitalism,
but which is tantamount to
442
00:24:26,856 --> 00:24:30,643
economic slavery.
443
00:24:31,557 --> 00:24:34,342
Hopelessly backward and
inefficient courts have failed.
444
00:24:34,385 --> 00:24:36,779
Judges have too often acquiesced
to the arguments of the rich
445
00:24:36,823 --> 00:24:41,001
whose lawyers, and not
just Mossack Fonseca,
446
00:24:41,044 --> 00:24:43,569
are well-trained in honoring
the letter of the law while
447
00:24:43,612 --> 00:24:46,702
simultaneously doing everything
in their power to desecrate
448
00:24:46,746 --> 00:24:49,183
its spirit.
449
00:24:49,226 --> 00:24:50,184
BEN ON PHONE: Leave your number,
and I will get back to you as
450
00:24:50,227 --> 00:24:51,228
soon as I can.
451
00:24:51,272 --> 00:24:52,186
Thank you very much.
452
00:24:52,839 --> 00:24:53,883
KEVIN: Ben, hey, it's Kevin.
453
00:24:53,927 --> 00:24:56,103
Since we have
outstanding matters,
454
00:24:56,146 --> 00:24:56,799
give me a shout back.
455
00:24:56,843 --> 00:24:58,932
Bye.
456
00:24:58,975 --> 00:25:01,238
One of the things that is
particularly interesting about
457
00:25:01,282 --> 00:25:04,459
the Panama Papers is you
have all the email traffic,
458
00:25:04,503 --> 00:25:07,244
all these different people who
appear in these email threads
459
00:25:07,288 --> 00:25:10,857
going back and forth on
how to handle something.
460
00:25:10,900 --> 00:25:14,208
You see their personalities
and who in the Compliance
461
00:25:14,251 --> 00:25:17,341
Department, who is more serious
about really cracking down and
462
00:25:17,385 --> 00:25:20,562
the tension between
management and compliance.
463
00:25:20,606 --> 00:25:24,174
So at one point, the
Geneva office basically says,
464
00:25:24,218 --> 00:25:28,483
you know, they-they found that
you've got a Syrian tied to a,
465
00:25:28,527 --> 00:25:32,313
to Bashar Al-Assad whose now
under sanction and everything at
466
00:25:32,356 --> 00:25:36,578
the time of these emails,
and the Geneva office says,
467
00:25:36,622 --> 00:25:40,147
well, HSBC's still working
with him so I don't see why
468
00:25:40,190 --> 00:25:41,975
we shouldn't.
469
00:25:42,018 --> 00:25:45,065
You know, so you kinda
see what their thinking is.
470
00:25:47,546 --> 00:25:49,330
You know, they're willing
to work with bad money,
471
00:25:49,373 --> 00:25:53,682
they just have to
be clean about it.
472
00:25:53,726 --> 00:25:57,120
JACK: The customer said, I need
to do the following in terms of
473
00:25:57,164 --> 00:25:58,339
hiding money.
474
00:25:58,382 --> 00:25:59,993
Will you do it for me?
475
00:26:00,036 --> 00:26:02,604
And Mossack Fonseca,
these are all on the records,
476
00:26:02,648 --> 00:26:06,173
would say sure, we'll give
you a Panamanian corporation,
477
00:26:06,216 --> 00:26:09,480
a trust a bank
account somewhere else,
478
00:26:09,524 --> 00:26:10,569
and not to worry.
479
00:26:10,612 --> 00:26:12,658
Nobody will follow the trail.
480
00:26:12,701 --> 00:26:17,619
♪♪
481
00:26:17,663 --> 00:26:21,231
So simplified, it would explain
how the system works in a really
482
00:26:21,275 --> 00:26:23,582
understandable way.
483
00:26:23,625 --> 00:26:26,889
I worked on a case involving a
drug trafficker in the
484
00:26:26,933 --> 00:26:28,543
Cayman Islands.
485
00:26:28,587 --> 00:26:32,460
His lawyer in Miami said, go see
Joe Blow in the Cayman Islands
486
00:26:32,503 --> 00:26:33,940
and he'll set you up.
487
00:26:33,983 --> 00:26:36,029
AL: We got
everything a man could want.
488
00:26:36,072 --> 00:26:39,032
JACK: Joe Blow in the Cayman
Islands sets up a corporation,
489
00:26:39,075 --> 00:26:41,948
the corporation
opens a bank account.
490
00:26:41,991 --> 00:26:45,647
The guy who is the drug
trafficker now puts money in the
491
00:26:45,691 --> 00:26:50,304
bank account and lets the lawyer
in Cayman control that
492
00:26:50,347 --> 00:26:51,522
bank account.
493
00:26:51,566 --> 00:26:53,437
There comes a moment
six months later...
494
00:26:53,481 --> 00:26:56,005
ACTOR 1: [on phone]
You took out the money.
495
00:26:56,049 --> 00:26:57,485
AL: Yeah.
496
00:26:57,528 --> 00:26:59,530
JACK: He wants to move the
money to hide the trail,
497
00:26:59,574 --> 00:27:01,663
and he calls the
lawyer and says,
498
00:27:01,707 --> 00:27:04,448
well, we need another bank
account in the name of another
499
00:27:04,492 --> 00:27:06,668
corporation, and I want
to transfer the money from
500
00:27:06,712 --> 00:27:11,107
Corporation A to Corporation B,
and let's do it so the amounts
501
00:27:11,151 --> 00:27:12,326
don't match.
502
00:27:12,369 --> 00:27:14,981
And then, the moment
comes when he says,
503
00:27:15,024 --> 00:27:18,071
I want to use the money, and
he goes back for the lawyer in
504
00:27:18,114 --> 00:27:21,378
Cayman and he says, we're
gonna have the bank that has the
505
00:27:21,422 --> 00:27:26,253
second transfer lend the money
to the guy's brother who owns a,
506
00:27:26,296 --> 00:27:28,951
massage parlor in Houston.
507
00:27:28,995 --> 00:27:32,389
That way, it'll
look like a loan, non-taxable.
508
00:27:32,433 --> 00:27:33,347
Where did you get it?
509
00:27:33,390 --> 00:27:34,696
I borrowed it.
510
00:27:34,740 --> 00:27:36,872
The whole thing looks
like it's perfectly clean
511
00:27:36,916 --> 00:27:38,308
and perfectly okay.
512
00:27:38,352 --> 00:27:40,267
[laughter]
513
00:27:49,319 --> 00:27:53,541
[background chatter]
514
00:27:53,584 --> 00:27:55,282
BASTIAN: Hey, how you doing?
515
00:27:55,325 --> 00:27:59,025
I was kind of skeptical because
I wasn't a big fan of inviting
516
00:27:59,068 --> 00:28:00,722
so many colleagues.
517
00:28:00,766 --> 00:28:02,724
I thought, you know, maybe
50 or 100 really enough,
518
00:28:02,768 --> 00:28:09,513
and we knew around 50 or 100
from previous investigations,
519
00:28:09,557 --> 00:28:11,733
so we trusted them.
520
00:28:11,777 --> 00:28:17,739
JOURNALIST: Do they know
that you got the data?
521
00:28:17,783 --> 00:28:19,480
Or that it's out there
available for someone?
522
00:28:22,831 --> 00:28:28,315
FREDERIK: I wondered if we could
keep this whole project secret.
523
00:28:28,358 --> 00:28:31,927
There's one basic rule,
and that might sound rude,
524
00:28:31,971 --> 00:28:32,928
but it's important.
525
00:28:32,972 --> 00:28:35,148
That's shut up and encrypt.
526
00:28:35,191 --> 00:28:39,152
We always told our colleagues
that you cannot tell anyone.
527
00:28:39,195 --> 00:28:41,632
Not your wife, not
your best friend,
528
00:28:41,676 --> 00:28:45,071
nobody, about this project, and
you have to encrypt everything.
529
00:28:50,250 --> 00:28:52,034
GERARD: You know, my primary
interest at this-this stage of
530
00:28:52,078 --> 00:28:54,384
the investigation was to
establish public interest.
531
00:28:54,428 --> 00:28:56,473
So we only were
interested in public figures.
532
00:28:56,517 --> 00:28:59,259
You know,
politicians, businesspeople,
533
00:28:59,302 --> 00:29:00,913
anyone with a public profile.
534
00:29:00,956 --> 00:29:06,005
And you know, the fastest way to
find that out is to give a set
535
00:29:06,048 --> 00:29:08,224
of documents from Indonesia
to an Indonesian journalist.
536
00:29:08,268 --> 00:29:10,879
Give a set of documents
from Iceland to an
537
00:29:10,923 --> 00:29:12,533
Icelandic journalist.
538
00:29:12,576 --> 00:29:14,709
They would identify pretty
quickly who was worth looking at
539
00:29:14,753 --> 00:29:16,493
on this list and who
wasn't worth looking at.
540
00:29:24,023 --> 00:29:26,155
[laughter]
541
00:29:26,199 --> 00:29:28,114
JOSEPH: I was angry that I had,
nobody had called me,
542
00:29:28,157 --> 00:29:30,159
and I wasn't, I wasn't
involved. [laughs]
543
00:29:30,203 --> 00:29:33,075
You know, I have never
collaborated in a giant thing
544
00:29:33,119 --> 00:29:34,163
like that.
545
00:29:34,207 --> 00:29:36,513
I collaborate
within my newsroom,
546
00:29:36,557 --> 00:29:39,125
sometimes with,
like, one, you know,
547
00:29:39,168 --> 00:29:40,300
an outside group.
548
00:29:40,343 --> 00:29:42,693
Most news
organizations are not global,
549
00:29:42,737 --> 00:29:44,695
and then I think this becomes
much more important because it
550
00:29:44,739 --> 00:29:47,786
seems like more and more,
the best stories are global.
551
00:29:47,829 --> 00:29:49,831
This was like a ringing
affirmation that you can
552
00:29:49,875 --> 00:29:51,572
actually do it, uh, and
you can do it at-at scale.
553
00:29:59,188 --> 00:30:02,626
Then the ICIJ said, for example,
we need somebody in Panama.
554
00:30:02,670 --> 00:30:07,283
And I said, I don't
trust anybody in Panama.
555
00:30:07,327 --> 00:30:16,989
♪♪
556
00:30:17,032 --> 00:30:26,607
♪♪
557
00:30:26,650 --> 00:30:34,876
[speaking foreign language]
558
00:30:34,920 --> 00:30:36,008
RITA: When I first looked
at the assignment
559
00:30:36,051 --> 00:30:38,880
that we
were going to do, I flipped.
560
00:30:38,924 --> 00:30:40,839
And the first document I
saw, it was an invoice.
561
00:30:40,882 --> 00:30:42,710
That's when I said, oh, my god.
562
00:30:42,753 --> 00:30:46,801
This is huge, because invoices
are probably one of the most,
563
00:30:46,845 --> 00:30:50,718
private
documents within a law firm,
564
00:30:50,761 --> 00:30:53,939
and then when I see the names of
people I know in the database,
565
00:30:53,982 --> 00:30:58,813
you know, I was really, really,
really scared because I knew
566
00:30:58,857 --> 00:31:02,425
what was coming behind that,
and I knew the consequences that
567
00:31:02,469 --> 00:31:04,906
this was going to have.
568
00:31:06,821 --> 00:31:08,867
WOMAN 2: Rita Vasquez was also a
lawyer in the offshore services
569
00:31:08,910 --> 00:31:12,653
industry for many years,
so when we learned that,
570
00:31:12,696 --> 00:31:14,437
we were fascinated.
571
00:31:14,481 --> 00:31:18,528
We had the opportunity to work
with an insider who understands
572
00:31:18,572 --> 00:31:22,315
this industry from within.
573
00:31:23,577 --> 00:31:25,492
RITA: Seeing my friends and
people that I care for in that
574
00:31:25,535 --> 00:31:28,364
data really made me wanted to
go deeper into the project.
575
00:31:30,932 --> 00:31:35,415
As a newspaper organization,
it is not our duty to tell if a
576
00:31:35,458 --> 00:31:37,417
private person is doing
something wrong with their own
577
00:31:37,460 --> 00:31:40,550
money, but it's our duty to tell
if somebody who had access to
578
00:31:40,594 --> 00:31:43,423
public funds or if
somebody who had,
579
00:31:43,466 --> 00:31:46,121
be part of a government or had
some sort of a jurisdictional
580
00:31:46,165 --> 00:31:49,211
power was doing something wrong.
581
00:31:49,255 --> 00:31:53,912
[printing press]
582
00:31:53,955 --> 00:31:57,698
ROBERTO: The mandate of La
Prensa was to return freedom of
583
00:31:57,741 --> 00:32:03,399
expression to the country as an
infrastructure for democracy.
584
00:32:03,443 --> 00:32:05,140
In the midst of dictatorship.
585
00:32:20,025 --> 00:32:22,375
ROBERTO: But somehow it
worked, and in six months,
586
00:32:22,418 --> 00:32:25,595
we were the newspaper
of record of Panama.
587
00:32:25,639 --> 00:32:28,555
When we sat at our first
editorial meeting after
588
00:32:28,598 --> 00:32:30,687
everything was set
up, we said, well,
589
00:32:30,731 --> 00:32:32,254
how are we gonna handle this?
590
00:32:32,298 --> 00:32:36,737
Do we go softly increasing
our pressure or do we hit 'em
591
00:32:36,780 --> 00:32:39,305
straight in the
face from day one?
592
00:32:39,348 --> 00:32:40,436
We decided the second.
593
00:32:40,480 --> 00:32:48,705
♪♪
594
00:32:48,749 --> 00:32:50,620
SCOTT: When we
heard Mossack Fonseca,
595
00:32:50,664 --> 00:32:54,015
we knew that we were uniquely
positioned within the project
596
00:32:54,059 --> 00:32:56,539
because I played for the Mossack
Fonseca softball team in
597
00:32:56,583 --> 00:32:58,193
the BVI.
598
00:32:58,237 --> 00:33:02,719
Four of our closest friends
worked for Mossack Fonseca.
599
00:33:02,763 --> 00:33:05,722
And so we had a perspective
that out of the journalists,
600
00:33:05,766 --> 00:33:09,248
there were two people that
knew the inner workings of that
601
00:33:09,291 --> 00:33:11,119
company better than anybody.
602
00:33:12,947 --> 00:33:16,168
My journalism career was never
going to lead to any kind
603
00:33:16,211 --> 00:33:17,560
of greatness.
604
00:33:17,604 --> 00:33:19,388
I was never gonna work
for the New York Times.
605
00:33:19,432 --> 00:33:21,347
You know, I was the English
editor of La Prensa in Panama.
606
00:33:21,390 --> 00:33:24,437
That's not the sort of
things that make a great bio,
607
00:33:24,480 --> 00:33:27,527
and I always compared it to a
career minor league pitcher that
608
00:33:27,570 --> 00:33:32,184
suddenly you get to start
game seven of the World Series.
609
00:33:32,923 --> 00:33:33,881
When you find out
it's world leaders,
610
00:33:33,924 --> 00:33:35,317
it's drug traffickers.
611
00:33:35,361 --> 00:33:38,625
la Reina Del Sur, who is
one of the most famous female
612
00:33:38,668 --> 00:33:41,845
narco-terrorists in
history; Carlos Quintero,
613
00:33:41,889 --> 00:33:46,285
who is described as making
Pablo Escobar look like a baby.
614
00:33:47,590 --> 00:33:50,506
All of these names that
come flooding at you,
615
00:33:50,550 --> 00:33:55,207
and you, your first thought is,
how did they get away with this?
616
00:34:33,767 --> 00:34:35,856
BASTIAN: At least
that's my assumption.
617
00:34:35,899 --> 00:34:42,210
I mean, we've been working on
offshore since, for 2012.
618
00:34:43,690 --> 00:34:46,127
My private
explanation, more or less,
619
00:34:46,171 --> 00:34:50,958
is that I know that the source
had contact with other outlets,
620
00:34:51,001 --> 00:34:55,441
even before me, and they had
not reacted in the way that the
621
00:34:55,484 --> 00:34:58,052
leaker wished they had.
622
00:34:58,705 --> 00:35:00,794
JOSEPH: Some outlets may have
passed just because they tend
623
00:35:00,837 --> 00:35:02,926
not to do giant collaborations.
624
00:35:02,970 --> 00:35:05,320
You're devoting some of your
best people to something that
625
00:35:05,364 --> 00:35:06,539
might take a year.
626
00:35:06,582 --> 00:35:08,149
That, resources are scarce.
627
00:35:08,193 --> 00:35:11,631
Investigative talent on
your payroll is-is scarce,
628
00:35:11,674 --> 00:35:14,373
it's expensive, and you're,
you're taking a leap into
629
00:35:14,416 --> 00:35:16,723
something that,
from the beginning,
630
00:35:16,766 --> 00:35:18,594
you know is not
gonna be an exclusive.
631
00:35:18,638 --> 00:35:21,684
♪♪
632
00:35:21,728 --> 00:35:23,033
JOHN: The media has failed.
633
00:35:23,077 --> 00:35:26,124
In addition to
Suüddeutsche Zeitung and ICIJ,
634
00:35:26,167 --> 00:35:29,039
and despite explicit
claims to the contrary,
635
00:35:29,083 --> 00:35:32,478
several major media outlets did
have editors review documents
636
00:35:32,521 --> 00:35:34,001
for the Panama Papers.
637
00:35:34,044 --> 00:35:36,395
They chose not to cover them.
638
00:35:39,224 --> 00:35:43,663
BASTIAN: There's this probably
frustrated person or those
639
00:35:43,706 --> 00:35:49,886
persons, we don't know,
trying to reach someone that is
640
00:35:49,930 --> 00:35:51,497
actually listening.
641
00:35:51,540 --> 00:35:53,673
LUKE: I mean, there was a flavor
of John Doe's personality.
642
00:35:53,716 --> 00:35:56,066
John Doe was
worried about exposure.
643
00:35:56,110 --> 00:35:57,938
He was also kind of worried
about his own sort of personal
644
00:35:57,981 --> 00:35:59,548
safety, so we
don't know who it is.
645
00:35:59,592 --> 00:36:00,984
It could be a he,
it could be a she.
646
00:36:01,028 --> 00:36:02,203
I don't think it's a they.
647
00:36:02,247 --> 00:36:04,988
KEVIN: I don't
think anyone benefits,
648
00:36:05,032 --> 00:36:06,903
you know, it's kind of death by
a thousand cuts if you give a
649
00:36:06,947 --> 00:36:08,862
little information here, a
little information there,
650
00:36:08,905 --> 00:36:10,907
you end up
compromising your source,
651
00:36:10,951 --> 00:36:13,040
and so I've kind of
pushed back internally,
652
00:36:13,083 --> 00:36:16,435
I think, on that, so that
people are more cautious about
653
00:36:16,478 --> 00:36:18,132
what they say about the source.
654
00:36:18,176 --> 00:36:20,395
JOSEPH: There are lots of good
reasons for sources to be afraid
655
00:36:20,439 --> 00:36:21,570
of talking to the press.
656
00:36:21,614 --> 00:36:24,094
It can be
an enormous risk.
657
00:36:24,138 --> 00:36:26,096
You know,
they can get fired,
658
00:36:26,140 --> 00:36:27,968
they can get
jailed in some places,
659
00:36:28,011 --> 00:36:29,578
they can get killed.
660
00:36:29,622 --> 00:36:31,232
And so, but one of those
reasons is they don't trust the
661
00:36:31,276 --> 00:36:33,278
operational security of the
journalist,
662
00:36:33,321 --> 00:36:36,237
and sometimes they're right
to be very worried about that,
663
00:36:36,281 --> 00:36:38,239
and they should, you know,
if you're a source out there,
664
00:36:38,283 --> 00:36:40,633
you should do your due
diligence and pick your
665
00:36:40,676 --> 00:36:41,851
journalist carefully.
666
00:36:41,895 --> 00:36:45,028
JOHN: I've watched
as one after another,
667
00:36:45,072 --> 00:36:48,554
whistleblowers and activists
in the United States and Europe
668
00:36:48,597 --> 00:36:51,644
have had their lives destroyed,
and the circumstances they find
669
00:36:51,687 --> 00:36:54,603
themselves in after shining a
light on obvious wrongdoing.
670
00:36:54,647 --> 00:36:57,867
NEWS REPORTER 16: Snowden,
who was holed up in Hong Kong,
671
00:36:57,911 --> 00:37:00,479
wanted in the U.S.,
is now in Russia.
672
00:37:00,522 --> 00:37:02,655
JOHN: Edward Snowden
is stranded in Moscow,
673
00:37:02,698 --> 00:37:05,571
exiled due to the Obama
Administration's decision to
674
00:37:05,614 --> 00:37:08,182
prosecute him under
the Espionage Act.
675
00:37:08,226 --> 00:37:11,185
Bradley Birkenfeld was awarded
millions for his information
676
00:37:11,229 --> 00:37:14,754
concerning Swiss bank UBS,
and was still given a prison
677
00:37:14,797 --> 00:37:16,886
sentence by the
Justice Department.
678
00:37:16,930 --> 00:37:19,976
Legitimate whistleblowers
who expose unquestionable
679
00:37:20,020 --> 00:37:22,849
wrongdoing, whether
insiders or outsiders,
680
00:37:22,892 --> 00:37:25,068
deserve immunity from
government retribution.
681
00:37:25,112 --> 00:37:32,380
[bell ringing]
682
00:37:34,643 --> 00:37:37,733
WOMAN 3: Because of its
nature, of how global it was,
683
00:37:37,777 --> 00:37:41,520
we all realized that we need
to get together in person,
684
00:37:41,563 --> 00:37:44,044
so Munich was the
perfect place, of course,
685
00:37:44,087 --> 00:37:48,309
because we needed to go to the
home of Suüddeutsche Zeitung.
686
00:37:49,397 --> 00:37:50,616
KEVIN: That, itself,
had to stay secret,
687
00:37:50,659 --> 00:37:53,575
so you couldn't say,
"I'm in Munich for X."
688
00:37:53,619 --> 00:37:55,490
People will naturally
ask, well, you know,
689
00:37:55,534 --> 00:37:57,144
what, what are you doing there?
690
00:37:57,187 --> 00:37:58,624
Oh, work meeting or, uh, you had
to come up with something that
691
00:37:58,667 --> 00:38:01,148
didn't sound anything like
what you were doing there.
692
00:38:01,191 --> 00:38:09,112
[background chatter]
693
00:38:09,156 --> 00:38:14,944
BASTIAN: The meeting was
kind of the decisive point.
694
00:38:14,988 --> 00:38:18,992
it was more or less our job to
make people enthusiastic about
695
00:38:19,035 --> 00:38:20,602
it and to get them on board.
696
00:38:20,646 --> 00:38:24,214
[speaking foreign language]
697
00:38:24,258 --> 00:38:25,520
BASTIAN: I was so nervous.
698
00:38:25,564 --> 00:38:27,130
I hadn't slept for three
nights because it was,
699
00:38:27,174 --> 00:38:29,785
I mean, I was really, really
nervous because I thought if I
700
00:38:29,829 --> 00:38:33,572
mess this up, you know,
then this is the big,
701
00:38:33,615 --> 00:38:35,138
the big chance.
702
00:38:35,182 --> 00:38:37,053
The biggest collaboration of
investigative journalists...
703
00:38:37,097 --> 00:38:41,057
Sitting in front of more than a
hundred journalists showed me
704
00:38:41,101 --> 00:38:44,496
the first time how big this
project already was at
705
00:38:44,539 --> 00:38:47,237
that moment.
706
00:38:48,108 --> 00:38:49,370
JULIETTE: It was like the
United Nations of journalism,
707
00:38:49,414 --> 00:38:51,764
and I've never
experienced anything like it.
708
00:38:51,807 --> 00:38:53,853
We were working on a story,
and we were all working on
709
00:38:53,896 --> 00:38:54,941
it together.
710
00:38:54,984 --> 00:38:56,899
EMILIA: Sorry, well, I'm Emilia.
711
00:38:56,943 --> 00:38:57,857
I'm from Venezuela.
712
00:38:57,900 --> 00:38:59,467
I think...
713
00:38:59,511 --> 00:39:02,644
MARINA: We are not, uh,
forcing you to do this story.
714
00:39:02,688 --> 00:39:05,038
We are not paying
you to do this story.
715
00:39:05,081 --> 00:39:08,302
This is the story, and
you need to invest in it,
716
00:39:08,346 --> 00:39:11,392
and you are only going to get
out of it as much as you put
717
00:39:11,436 --> 00:39:13,655
into it.
718
00:39:13,699 --> 00:39:16,005
BASTIAN: Everybody
was, I'm all in.
719
00:39:16,049 --> 00:39:18,356
I want to know more.
720
00:39:26,146 --> 00:39:30,063
WOMAN 3: It's a time right
now in newsrooms of
721
00:39:30,106 --> 00:39:31,412
great uncertainty.
722
00:39:31,456 --> 00:39:33,849
You know, what will be
the fate of newspapers,
723
00:39:33,893 --> 00:39:38,898
which used to be the
watchdogs of the media.
724
00:39:41,422 --> 00:39:43,032
LUKE: In a time when
everyone is broke,
725
00:39:43,076 --> 00:39:45,731
when no one's clicking the ads,
where Facebook is taking all our
726
00:39:45,774 --> 00:39:48,603
money, where, where
newsrooms are-are just kind of
727
00:39:48,647 --> 00:39:52,128
empty-pocketed...
728
00:39:52,172 --> 00:39:54,392
MARINA: We really had
to convince these media
729
00:39:54,435 --> 00:39:56,785
organizations and these
journalists to work together,
730
00:39:56,829 --> 00:39:59,397
and we often got responses
like, why do we need you?
731
00:39:59,440 --> 00:40:01,007
Or why do we need one another?
732
00:40:01,050 --> 00:40:02,661
We can do it on our own.
733
00:40:02,704 --> 00:40:07,796
And perhaps 10, 15 years ago, it
was pre-media crisis and a lot
734
00:40:07,840 --> 00:40:11,278
of newspapers were
feeling really strong still,
735
00:40:11,321 --> 00:40:14,368
and they still had foreign
correspondents and thought that
736
00:40:14,412 --> 00:40:18,241
they could do it on their own,
but as the crisis in the media
737
00:40:18,285 --> 00:40:21,767
took place, and
stories became more complex,
738
00:40:21,810 --> 00:40:27,076
as technology evolved, it became
obvious that we needed to join
739
00:40:27,120 --> 00:40:31,080
forces, and they learned through
the process how much more
740
00:40:31,124 --> 00:40:36,085
impactful and powerful their
reporting can become when we
741
00:40:36,129 --> 00:40:39,567
work as a collective.
742
00:40:41,177 --> 00:40:44,224
BASTIAN: We immediately realized
the impact of having more people
743
00:40:44,267 --> 00:40:49,098
from different countries inside
the investigation because we had
744
00:40:49,142 --> 00:40:51,449
more, more, more findings.
745
00:40:51,492 --> 00:40:53,799
LUKE: Generally, I would
say we found the anonymous
746
00:40:53,842 --> 00:40:55,583
international rich.
747
00:40:55,627 --> 00:40:59,195
We, we found Spanish royals, we
found a German chicken farmer,
748
00:40:59,239 --> 00:41:02,242
we found a French dentist,
we found people who would,
749
00:41:02,285 --> 00:41:04,200
use fake names when
dealing with their lawyers,
750
00:41:04,244 --> 00:41:06,202
so instead of saying,
you know, you know,
751
00:41:06,246 --> 00:41:08,857
hello, here is Ivan,
you know, they would say,
752
00:41:08,901 --> 00:41:10,250
"Hi, it's Harry Potter."
753
00:41:10,293 --> 00:41:12,252
And, and there
was correspondents,
754
00:41:12,295 --> 00:41:15,690
you know, dear
Harry, your $25,000
755
00:41:15,734 --> 00:41:17,387
has arrived in the Bahamas.
756
00:41:17,431 --> 00:41:19,128
I mean, it was just like the wo-
most weird fishing expedition.
757
00:41:19,172 --> 00:41:21,261
I mean, there were
fish you would expect,
758
00:41:21,304 --> 00:41:23,176
and there was some very ugly,
small fish you didn't expect.
759
00:41:23,219 --> 00:41:25,047
BASTIAN: Whenever I
went into the data,
760
00:41:25,091 --> 00:41:26,309
I found something new.
761
00:41:26,353 --> 00:41:28,964
I found scandals
in Africa, in Latin America.
762
00:41:32,577 --> 00:41:34,013
SPORTS ANNOUNCER: Messi now,
everyone on the edge of their
763
00:41:34,056 --> 00:41:36,319
seats, Messi going for goal!
764
00:41:36,363 --> 00:41:37,364
Oh!
765
00:41:37,407 --> 00:41:39,148
[fans cheering]
766
00:41:39,192 --> 00:41:40,541
SPORTS ANNOUNCER:
He's a man on a mission!
767
00:41:40,585 --> 00:41:42,848
MAN 2: Lionel Messi, his
family fortune,
768
00:41:42,891 --> 00:41:46,547
is in the Panama Papers,
and is now in the courts.
769
00:41:46,591 --> 00:41:49,028
No one in their right mind in
Latin America thought that FIFA
770
00:41:49,071 --> 00:41:50,508
wasn't corrupt.
771
00:41:52,553 --> 00:41:54,424
It was not a surprise to
find the FIFA officials.
772
00:41:54,468 --> 00:41:58,167
That was kind of one of, people
thought was gonna be in there.
773
00:41:58,211 --> 00:42:00,430
Kids are under
contract, 13 or 14,
774
00:42:00,474 --> 00:42:03,956
whether or not they ever become
a pro has very little to do with
775
00:42:03,999 --> 00:42:06,785
their talent level, and more to
do with which lawyer is screwing
776
00:42:06,828 --> 00:42:08,482
what agent in a business deal.
777
00:42:08,526 --> 00:42:11,485
In Lionel Messi, there's no
evidence that he himself had any
778
00:42:11,529 --> 00:42:14,444
hand in any of this, but the
people who handle him and the
779
00:42:14,488 --> 00:42:16,229
whole contracts and
everything, they did.
780
00:42:19,145 --> 00:42:22,365
GIANNI: And we will restore the
image of FIFA and the respect of
781
00:42:22,409 --> 00:42:25,412
FIFA, and everyone in the world
will applaud us and will applaud
782
00:42:25,455 --> 00:42:30,243
all of you for what we'll
do in FIFA in the future.
783
00:42:30,983 --> 00:42:33,028
[APPLAUSE]
784
00:42:37,424 --> 00:42:40,253
LUKE: We found Sergey
Roldugin, Putin's best friend,
785
00:42:40,296 --> 00:42:43,343
ostensibly, second-hand
car, not very wealthy,
786
00:42:43,386 --> 00:42:45,606
but we found almost
a billion dollars.
787
00:42:45,650 --> 00:42:48,653
It came from Bank Rossiya, which
is a kind of crony bank from the
788
00:42:48,696 --> 00:42:53,222
regime in Saint Petersburg,
right through to secret offshore
789
00:42:53,266 --> 00:42:56,225
companies, and then a lot of
that cash was recycled back into
790
00:42:56,269 --> 00:42:59,968
Russia, including, um, into
the wedding resort where Putin's
791
00:43:00,012 --> 00:43:02,405
daughter, Caterina,
got married in 2013.
792
00:43:02,449 --> 00:43:05,234
And so from
Russia, what we saw was,
793
00:43:05,278 --> 00:43:07,410
in a way, what you might call
a kind of neo-feudal system.
794
00:43:07,454 --> 00:43:11,066
You could see how not
just Putin's KGB chums were
795
00:43:11,110 --> 00:43:14,461
billionaires, but how the next
generation were accumulating
796
00:43:14,504 --> 00:43:18,160
assets, marrying each other,
dodging American sanctions and
797
00:43:18,204 --> 00:43:19,466
so on.
798
00:43:19,509 --> 00:43:21,337
BASTIAN: I mean, if
you're Vladimir Putin,
799
00:43:21,381 --> 00:43:23,252
you don't go to
Mossack Fonseca and say,
800
00:43:23,296 --> 00:43:24,645
"I want a company in my name."
801
00:43:24,689 --> 00:43:27,082
But you'd probably send
someone that you trust.
802
00:43:27,126 --> 00:43:29,476
And this is exactly
how this world works.
803
00:43:29,519 --> 00:43:36,135
TIM: When you can set up
corporations in such a complex
804
00:43:36,178 --> 00:43:39,007
way and changing ownership.
805
00:43:39,051 --> 00:43:41,444
One woman I looked
into was Leticia Montoya,
806
00:43:41,488 --> 00:43:45,623
a director in
10,969 corporations.
807
00:43:49,539 --> 00:43:52,107
Think about that.
808
00:43:52,151 --> 00:43:55,241
I mean, she doesn't, has no
idea whatsoever what those
809
00:43:55,284 --> 00:43:56,111
corporations do.
810
00:44:06,948 --> 00:44:08,558
RITA: It's just a job,
and she's a secretary.
811
00:44:08,602 --> 00:44:12,345
She, I mean, those who went to
her house could have seen that
812
00:44:12,388 --> 00:44:16,044
she has no money, she lives
in a fisherman community,
813
00:44:16,088 --> 00:44:17,524
not in the city.
814
00:44:17,567 --> 00:44:20,527
I mean, it's not like she
made any money on this.
815
00:44:20,570 --> 00:44:23,573
♪♪
816
00:44:23,617 --> 00:44:27,621
JACK: This has gone on country
after country after country.
817
00:44:27,665 --> 00:44:32,017
The amounts that are being
pulled out are really at the
818
00:44:32,060 --> 00:44:37,152
expense of average people who
simply can't get services from
819
00:44:37,196 --> 00:44:40,112
their government because
the money's been flat stolen.
820
00:44:41,461 --> 00:44:45,117
[applause]
821
00:44:45,160 --> 00:44:48,729
JACK: I spoke at a conference
to the Inter-American Bar
822
00:44:48,773 --> 00:44:52,124
Association in
Cochabamba, Bolivia,
823
00:44:52,167 --> 00:44:57,477
and I tried to say, lawyers
job is to keep people honest,
824
00:44:57,520 --> 00:45:01,568
and you shouldn't be helping
them evade the law or break
825
00:45:01,611 --> 00:45:02,961
the law.
826
00:45:03,004 --> 00:45:05,920
My audience began
to laugh at me.
827
00:45:05,964 --> 00:45:08,096
I blew up.
828
00:45:08,140 --> 00:45:11,012
Why do you think you
don't have clean water?
829
00:45:11,056 --> 00:45:13,232
Why do you think
people are so poor?
830
00:45:13,275 --> 00:45:17,540
It's because you, as a
group of professionals,
831
00:45:17,584 --> 00:45:22,154
are teaching people how not to
be participants in your society.
832
00:45:22,197 --> 00:45:24,025
[background chatter]
833
00:45:24,069 --> 00:45:26,680
SCOTT: The
fundamental question I ask is,
834
00:45:26,724 --> 00:45:28,900
well, who makes money off this?
835
00:45:28,943 --> 00:45:31,163
Who makes money
off this industry?
836
00:45:31,206 --> 00:45:34,166
And obviously, Mossack
Fonseca made a lot of money,
837
00:45:34,209 --> 00:45:36,646
and obviously their
clients who avoid taxes,
838
00:45:36,690 --> 00:45:39,998
they make a lot of money, but
banks also make a lot of money,
839
00:45:40,041 --> 00:45:42,565
financial
institutions, Wall Street.
840
00:45:42,609 --> 00:45:46,221
You can't have a major
business if you don't have banks
841
00:45:46,265 --> 00:45:48,223
complicit with your business.
842
00:45:48,267 --> 00:45:52,184
TIM: The banks are certainly a
key cog in this whole mechanism
843
00:45:52,227 --> 00:45:55,404
set up to create distance
between the real owners of the
844
00:45:55,448 --> 00:45:58,146
money and-and-and the
corporations that nominally,
845
00:45:58,190 --> 00:46:02,281
have control over it,
but banks donate a lot to
846
00:46:02,324 --> 00:46:06,546
politicians, and uh,
[chuckles] you know,
847
00:46:06,589 --> 00:46:08,113
there you go.
848
00:46:08,156 --> 00:46:11,812
WOMAN 4: The banks and the
accounting firms and the law
849
00:46:11,856 --> 00:46:15,598
firms, they are basically
spending all of their resources
850
00:46:15,642 --> 00:46:21,126
in trying to damage national
treasuries in creating an
851
00:46:21,169 --> 00:46:26,131
illusion of-of an economic
system that works only for the
852
00:46:26,174 --> 00:46:31,701
1%, and they are working to
deepen that gap between the 1%
853
00:46:31,745 --> 00:46:34,095
and the rest of the world.
854
00:46:35,140 --> 00:46:48,240
♪♪
855
00:46:51,591 --> 00:46:53,680
[background chatter]
856
00:46:53,723 --> 00:46:55,203
WOMAN 4: We found David
Cameron's dad in the data with
857
00:46:55,247 --> 00:46:57,423
his offshore fund.
858
00:46:59,164 --> 00:47:00,034
DAVID: I'm
very relaxed about,
859
00:47:00,078 --> 00:47:01,122
publishing these things.
860
00:47:01,166 --> 00:47:04,473
There's no secrets
about my status.
861
00:47:04,517 --> 00:47:08,129
I am paid handsomely
as your Prime Minister,
862
00:47:08,173 --> 00:47:10,218
and that is my
main source of income,
863
00:47:10,262 --> 00:47:13,395
and I have a house I used to
live in before I moved into
864
00:47:13,439 --> 00:47:15,963
Downing Street, and I rent that
out and I get the income
865
00:47:16,007 --> 00:47:17,095
from that.
866
00:47:17,138 --> 00:47:18,270
I don't have other
sources of income,
867
00:47:18,313 --> 00:47:19,837
so there will be
no surprises,
868
00:47:19,880 --> 00:47:22,230
in terms of my tax
affairs, but I'm very relaxed,
869
00:47:22,274 --> 00:47:22,970
as I've always said.
870
00:47:23,014 --> 00:47:24,580
Nothing's changed.
871
00:47:25,494 --> 00:47:26,060
JULIETTE: It wasn't even a
surprise that his dad had had
872
00:47:26,104 --> 00:47:27,409
a fund.
873
00:47:27,453 --> 00:47:29,237
It's just that he
wouldn't say he had money in it.
874
00:47:29,281 --> 00:47:31,805
In order to not have
the fund taxed in the UK,
875
00:47:31,849 --> 00:47:33,807
you had to have majority of
foreign directors on the company
876
00:47:33,851 --> 00:47:35,853
board, so the third
was Swiss, a third were,
877
00:47:35,896 --> 00:47:37,942
were in the Bahamas, and-and
everything was run out of the
878
00:47:37,985 --> 00:47:40,509
Bahamas, so they had this army
of people just assign things
879
00:47:40,553 --> 00:47:42,642
there, so they
were pretending to,
880
00:47:42,685 --> 00:47:45,950
devise the investment
strategy and trade gold and
881
00:47:45,993 --> 00:47:48,517
bonds and things like that, but
all the instructions were coming
882
00:47:48,561 --> 00:47:50,476
by telephone from London.
883
00:47:54,393 --> 00:47:56,047
MAN 2: One of the thing is we
found is not only did Mossack
884
00:47:56,090 --> 00:47:59,354
Fonseca have a number of Chinese
companies that it registered in
885
00:47:59,398 --> 00:48:01,748
Nevada as shell
companies, some of those,
886
00:48:01,791 --> 00:48:03,793
perhaps, to do business
in the United States,
887
00:48:03,837 --> 00:48:08,276
but more likely than not, to
hide assets somewhere else.
888
00:48:08,929 --> 00:48:11,453
MAN 3: Brazil was one of
the, the hottest things,
889
00:48:11,497 --> 00:48:13,499
and having been a
correspondent there myself,
890
00:48:13,542 --> 00:48:15,588
I was very interested in
working with the Brazilian team.
891
00:48:15,631 --> 00:48:19,331
TIM: We found
payoffs to politicians.
892
00:48:19,374 --> 00:48:22,551
More than $700 million
in bribes had been paid.
893
00:48:22,595 --> 00:48:25,685
MAN 4: Two-thirds of the
country's legislature had been
894
00:48:25,728 --> 00:48:27,295
tied to off-shore companies.
895
00:48:27,339 --> 00:48:30,908
Many of the politicians were
using shell companies through
896
00:48:30,951 --> 00:48:34,128
Mossack Fonseca in Nevada to
hide assets they owned back in,
897
00:48:34,172 --> 00:48:36,304
in Brazil.
898
00:48:36,783 --> 00:48:38,567
Nobody pays a
bribe and says, hey,
899
00:48:38,611 --> 00:48:39,786
here's a bribe.
900
00:48:39,829 --> 00:48:42,528
They do it through
consulting fees,
901
00:48:42,571 --> 00:48:44,573
they do it through
structured investments,
902
00:48:44,617 --> 00:48:45,705
and they do it through shell
companies that pay other
903
00:48:45,748 --> 00:48:46,662
shell companies.
904
00:48:50,405 --> 00:48:54,192
MAN 5: The papers were very
clear that this problem is not
905
00:48:54,235 --> 00:48:58,631
limited to small
countries in Africa.
906
00:48:58,674 --> 00:49:02,287
The problem is huge
here in the United States.
907
00:49:02,330 --> 00:49:07,248
The tax evasion problem is
huge here in the United States.
908
00:49:08,075 --> 00:49:09,468
KEVIN: There were a lot of
Americans in Panama Papers,
909
00:49:09,511 --> 00:49:11,774
so here's this
perception that there weren't.
910
00:49:11,818 --> 00:49:15,300
I think what was missing
was a Putin-type big name,
911
00:49:15,343 --> 00:49:18,825
but the very kind of people
you'd expect to be in the Panama
912
00:49:18,868 --> 00:49:20,435
Papers were in there.
913
00:49:20,479 --> 00:49:23,264
all kinds of SEC
fraud, pump and dump,
914
00:49:23,308 --> 00:49:25,614
penny stocks, and a
lot of hedge funds.
915
00:49:25,658 --> 00:49:29,488
Those kinda guys who need that
anonymity to make that work.
916
00:49:29,531 --> 00:49:32,404
Those guys are in here in
some significant numbers,
917
00:49:32,447 --> 00:49:34,406
and unfortunately,
that's gotten easier,
918
00:49:34,449 --> 00:49:36,799
not harder in the
aftermath of Trump's election.
919
00:49:36,843 --> 00:49:43,371
DONALD: I am officially running
for President of the United
920
00:49:43,415 --> 00:49:49,377
States, and we are going to
make our country great again.
921
00:49:50,988 --> 00:49:54,078
BASTIAN: Having Donald Trump
as the President of the United
922
00:49:54,121 --> 00:50:00,301
States let me feel a little bit
strange knowing that he also had
923
00:50:00,345 --> 00:50:02,477
some offshore deals in his past.
924
00:50:02,521 --> 00:50:05,741
HILLARY: He didn't pay
any federal income tax, so--
925
00:50:05,785 --> 00:50:07,439
DONALD TRUMP:
That makes me smart.
926
00:50:07,482 --> 00:50:09,006
HILLARY CLINTON: --if he's paid
zero, that's zero for troops--
927
00:50:09,049 --> 00:50:10,181
MAN 3: Trump is obviously
one we were focused on from
928
00:50:10,224 --> 00:50:11,878
the very beginning.
929
00:50:11,921 --> 00:50:14,968
He appeared about
3,450 times that we know of.
930
00:50:15,012 --> 00:50:17,231
That's not to say his partners.
931
00:50:17,275 --> 00:50:18,754
That's just him by name.
932
00:50:19,842 --> 00:50:21,975
The big find was a lot of
documents around the
933
00:50:22,019 --> 00:50:24,499
Panama Hotel project.
934
00:50:24,543 --> 00:50:26,719
NEWS REPORTER 17: Trump Ocean
Club soars over the Pacific and
935
00:50:26,762 --> 00:50:28,547
Panama City.
936
00:50:28,590 --> 00:50:31,680
It's also where criminals,
everywhere from Russian
937
00:50:31,724 --> 00:50:35,336
gangsters to money launderers
for Latin American drug cartels
938
00:50:35,380 --> 00:50:38,078
were able to hide their cash.
939
00:50:38,122 --> 00:50:40,776
MAN 3: There we found contract
information between him and the
940
00:50:40,820 --> 00:50:42,474
developer, Newland.
941
00:50:42,517 --> 00:50:44,650
One of the things I think that
was very helpful in the Panama
942
00:50:44,693 --> 00:50:47,566
Papers is it actually
showed Trump's business model.
943
00:50:47,609 --> 00:50:49,437
It was a contract that
showed how he got paid,
944
00:50:49,481 --> 00:50:50,960
how his name was leased.
945
00:50:51,004 --> 00:50:53,441
This really wasn't
known, and the documents,
946
00:50:53,485 --> 00:50:55,574
here we had
physical proof of how,
947
00:50:55,617 --> 00:50:57,619
you know, how he
arranges things.
948
00:50:57,663 --> 00:50:59,708
REPORTER 18: As a
former money launderer,
949
00:50:59,752 --> 00:51:03,799
the Trump Ocean Club, how would
you rate it in its quality.
950
00:51:03,843 --> 00:51:04,800
MAN 4: For money laundering?
951
00:51:04,844 --> 00:51:08,674
MAN 4: Oh, I'd say triple A.
952
00:51:09,240 --> 00:51:18,118
[cheering]
953
00:51:18,162 --> 00:51:20,555
JACK: You get
control of the country,
954
00:51:20,599 --> 00:51:24,690
you move your family into all
of the important jobs in the
955
00:51:24,733 --> 00:51:28,650
country, and then you use
that as an opportunity to
956
00:51:28,694 --> 00:51:30,261
enrich yourself.
957
00:51:30,304 --> 00:51:31,827
NEWS REPORTER 18: The man
they credit with Donald Trump's
958
00:51:31,871 --> 00:51:33,655
victory, the President
Elect's own son-in-law,
959
00:51:33,699 --> 00:51:34,830
Jared Kushner.
960
00:51:34,874 --> 00:51:38,182
JACK: What's now
going on is exactly that,
961
00:51:38,225 --> 00:51:41,924
and what I think is also going
on is that our president has
962
00:51:41,968 --> 00:51:46,581
cozied up to any number of these
kleptocrats because he wants
963
00:51:46,625 --> 00:51:49,889
Americans to think
it's the new normal.
964
00:51:52,848 --> 00:51:54,589
NEWS REPORTER 19: The central
figure in the investigations
965
00:51:54,633 --> 00:51:56,939
into Donald
Trump's inner circle,
966
00:51:56,983 --> 00:51:57,897
and possible ties to Russia.
967
00:51:57,940 --> 00:51:59,638
ADAM SCHIFF: It was Manafort...
968
00:51:59,681 --> 00:52:00,378
HIMES: Paul Manafort...
969
00:52:00,421 --> 00:52:01,988
CARSON: Paul Manafort...
970
00:52:02,031 --> 00:52:03,598
NEWS REPORTER 19: Long before he
was president Trump's campaign
971
00:52:03,642 --> 00:52:06,645
chairman, Paul Manafort was
paid millions by a Russian
972
00:52:06,688 --> 00:52:09,691
billionaire with close
ties to Vladimir Putin.
973
00:52:09,735 --> 00:52:13,478
MAN 3: That is the closest we've
been able to get to Manafort.
974
00:52:13,521 --> 00:52:17,482
Manafort seems to have been paid
through companies in Belize.
975
00:52:17,525 --> 00:52:21,834
I've spent a lot of time looking
at these shell companies.
976
00:52:22,400 --> 00:52:25,664
MAN 6: Donald Trump's
friends, people of his cabinet,
977
00:52:25,707 --> 00:52:30,408
advisors, have been active
in the offshore business.
978
00:52:31,235 --> 00:52:33,541
RON: Mister Mnuchin, you ran
a hedge fund for a few years
979
00:52:33,585 --> 00:52:39,808
starting in 2004, and I've been
trying to get my arms around the
980
00:52:39,852 --> 00:52:42,942
Mnuchin web of bank
accounts and shell companies.
981
00:52:42,985 --> 00:52:45,205
They were in Cayman
Islands and Anguilla.
982
00:52:45,249 --> 00:52:48,034
How many employees did
you have in Anguilla?
983
00:52:48,643 --> 00:52:49,818
STEVEN: Treasury
Secretary Nominee
984
00:52:49,862 --> 00:52:53,692
we didn't have any
employees in Anguilla.
985
00:52:53,735 --> 00:52:55,084
RON: How many
customers did you have there?
986
00:52:55,128 --> 00:52:55,868
STEVEN: We didn't have
any customers that resided
987
00:52:55,911 --> 00:52:56,869
in Anguilla.
988
00:52:56,912 --> 00:52:59,045
RON: Did you have
an office there?
989
00:52:59,088 --> 00:53:02,048
STEVEN: We did not have
a office ourselves there.
990
00:53:02,091 --> 00:53:04,703
RON: So you just had
a post office box?
991
00:53:04,746 --> 00:53:07,096
STEVEN: Senator, let
me explain to you, okay?
992
00:53:07,140 --> 00:53:08,185
RON: It's just a
yes or no answer.
993
00:53:08,228 --> 00:53:09,447
I'm already over my time.
994
00:53:09,490 --> 00:53:10,361
Yes or no?
995
00:53:10,404 --> 00:53:11,971
Did you just have a post office?
996
00:53:12,014 --> 00:53:13,581
STEVEN: Well, hopefully the
other senators will defer some
997
00:53:13,625 --> 00:53:15,757
time so I can, I can
answer this for you,
998
00:53:15,801 --> 00:53:17,803
because I think it's
an important issue,
999
00:53:17,846 --> 00:53:18,717
but no, we had--
1000
00:53:18,760 --> 00:53:20,588
RON: Mister Chairman, this is...
1001
00:53:20,632 --> 00:53:23,591
SENATOR 1: I think he should go
ahead and answer it right now.
1002
00:53:23,635 --> 00:53:24,288
SENATOR 2: He should get a
chance to answer the question.
1003
00:53:24,331 --> 00:53:25,854
SENATOR 1: Yeah.
1004
00:53:25,898 --> 00:53:27,508
RON: I'm very troubled about
this question of how you're
1005
00:53:27,552 --> 00:53:32,165
gonna unrig the system if you've
got a record of taking advantage
1006
00:53:32,209 --> 00:53:35,429
of tax shelters that, in effect,
have zero percent tax rate.
1007
00:53:35,473 --> 00:53:36,822
Thank you, Mister Chairman.
1008
00:53:36,865 --> 00:53:41,522
The taxes you pay
are compulsory.
1009
00:53:42,131 --> 00:53:44,090
They come out of your paycheck,
you can see it once or twice
1010
00:53:44,133 --> 00:53:46,614
a month.
1011
00:53:46,658 --> 00:53:50,227
There're no Cayman
Island deals for you,
1012
00:53:50,270 --> 00:53:53,882
not, none of those kinda
sweetheart overseas deals for
1013
00:53:53,926 --> 00:53:58,365
you the way Steve Mnuchin,
the Treasury Secretary, got.
1014
00:53:58,409 --> 00:54:02,500
Then there's another set of tax
rules for the fortunate and the
1015
00:54:02,543 --> 00:54:05,067
well-connected.
1016
00:54:05,111 --> 00:54:07,635
They can pretty much decide
under the tax law what they're
1017
00:54:07,679 --> 00:54:09,420
going to pay, when
they're going to pay it,
1018
00:54:12,031 --> 00:54:15,469
and in some
instances, almost nothing.
1019
00:54:19,256 --> 00:54:22,128
MAN 6: The problem today
is really that the U.S.
1020
00:54:22,171 --> 00:54:25,436
is the best place
to put your assets.
1021
00:54:25,479 --> 00:54:28,003
♪♪
1022
00:54:28,047 --> 00:54:29,614
MAN 6: Over the
last couple of decades,
1023
00:54:29,657 --> 00:54:31,790
we've seen increasingly that
shell companies registered in
1024
00:54:31,833 --> 00:54:35,663
the U.S. are used to
commit all sorts of crimes
1025
00:54:35,707 --> 00:54:36,925
from human trafficking
to drug trafficking
1026
00:54:36,969 --> 00:54:37,665
to arms dealing.
1027
00:54:37,709 --> 00:54:39,580
The list goes on and on.
1028
00:54:42,801 --> 00:54:45,369
BASTIAN: Looking to
Delaware, looking to Nevada,
1029
00:54:45,412 --> 00:54:47,414
that's a, for example, a
jurisdiction Mossack Fonseca was
1030
00:54:47,458 --> 00:54:49,024
very active.
1031
00:54:49,068 --> 00:54:51,070
KEVIN: We found a lot of
Brazilians hiding property owned
1032
00:54:51,113 --> 00:54:53,202
in Brazil through
Nevada offshore,
1033
00:54:53,246 --> 00:54:57,685
so Nevada was being used by
Brazilians in a way that Cayman
1034
00:54:57,729 --> 00:54:58,817
Islands, Bahamas might be used
by an American trying to hide
1035
00:54:58,860 --> 00:55:00,775
ownership of an asset.
1036
00:55:00,819 --> 00:55:05,171
[chatter]
1037
00:55:05,214 --> 00:55:07,913
DINA: Well, Nevada has always
had this approach to raising
1038
00:55:07,956 --> 00:55:10,045
revenue that we wanna
attack somebody else,
1039
00:55:10,089 --> 00:55:11,699
not the people who live here.
1040
00:55:11,743 --> 00:55:15,921
Though, back in the '90s, they
decided to become the Delaware
1041
00:55:15,964 --> 00:55:19,316
of the west and tried to follow
that example and make it very
1042
00:55:19,359 --> 00:55:24,103
easy for shell companies,
LLCs, to be set up there without
1043
00:55:24,146 --> 00:55:27,759
having any kind of information
available about who owned them
1044
00:55:27,802 --> 00:55:30,022
or who benefited from them.
1045
00:55:30,065 --> 00:55:32,198
I said, at the
time, that it was,
1046
00:55:32,241 --> 00:55:34,722
might as well hang
up a shingle and say,
1047
00:55:34,766 --> 00:55:37,203
"Welcome scumbags and sleaze
balls" because those are the
1048
00:55:37,246 --> 00:55:40,598
kind of people who want to
keep their information secret,
1049
00:55:40,641 --> 00:55:42,643
but it became a
source of revenue,
1050
00:55:42,687 --> 00:55:44,123
so you didn't
have to raise taxes.
1051
00:55:48,345 --> 00:55:51,783
DINA: Well, I'm afraid they're
rolling back the protections
1052
00:55:51,826 --> 00:55:53,088
that were put in at Dodd-Frank
and a lot of that was about
1053
00:55:53,132 --> 00:55:55,830
accountability and transparency.
1054
00:55:55,874 --> 00:55:58,790
Banks fought that, so they're
certainly not gonna want to open
1055
00:55:58,833 --> 00:56:00,661
it up any further.
1056
00:56:02,315 --> 00:56:06,928
MAN 5: You can find tax
havens all around the world.
1057
00:56:06,972 --> 00:56:09,409
They are in the
U.S., they are in the UK.
1058
00:56:09,453 --> 00:56:11,890
GERARD: Now having done
six of these projects,
1059
00:56:11,933 --> 00:56:14,109
I would say with some
certainty that the,
1060
00:56:14,153 --> 00:56:16,895
probably the biggest tax haven
in the world is-is Britain,
1061
00:56:16,938 --> 00:56:20,464
and its, you know,
its former colonies.
1062
00:56:21,160 --> 00:56:21,769
JULIETTE: We're
open for business.
1063
00:56:21,813 --> 00:56:23,380
We like oligarchs.
1064
00:56:23,423 --> 00:56:26,078
I don't want to exaggerate
and say we're just a tax haven,
1065
00:56:26,121 --> 00:56:30,735
but you know, the-the state
is-is captured by finance.
1066
00:56:31,953 --> 00:56:33,564
GERARD: Close
behind it is America,
1067
00:56:33,607 --> 00:56:35,827
and I think in the future, it
would be great if someone gave
1068
00:56:35,870 --> 00:56:37,916
us, you know, Delaware leaks.
1069
00:56:37,959 --> 00:56:41,398
We would uncover, you know,
secrets that may be bigger than
1070
00:56:41,441 --> 00:56:43,269
anything we've ever done before.
1071
00:56:43,312 --> 00:56:44,488
♪♪
1072
00:56:44,531 --> 00:56:46,838
JOHN: I call on the
European Commission,
1073
00:56:46,881 --> 00:56:50,102
the British Parliament,
the United States Congress,
1074
00:56:50,145 --> 00:56:53,105
and all nations to
take swift action,
1075
00:56:53,148 --> 00:56:55,194
not only to
protect whistleblowers,
1076
00:56:55,237 --> 00:56:58,197
but to put an end to the global
abuse of corporate registers.
1077
00:56:59,807 --> 00:57:02,941
Tax evasion cannot possibly be
fixed while elected officials
1078
00:57:02,984 --> 00:57:06,379
are pleading for money from
the very elites who have the
1079
00:57:06,423 --> 00:57:09,121
strongest incentives to avoid
taxes relative to any other
1080
00:57:09,164 --> 00:57:10,862
segment of the population.
1081
00:57:10,905 --> 00:57:20,611
♪♪
1082
00:57:20,654 --> 00:57:30,403
♪♪
1083
00:57:30,447 --> 00:57:34,015
FREDERIK: I was actually
concerned every day about the
1084
00:57:34,059 --> 00:57:38,759
security of this whole project
because let's face the facts.
1085
00:57:38,803 --> 00:57:42,284
Journalists like to
speak about their work.
1086
00:57:42,328 --> 00:57:44,417
GERARD: You know, every
journalist you bring in,
1087
00:57:44,461 --> 00:57:46,898
they're probably going to
tell their life partner,
1088
00:57:46,941 --> 00:57:48,900
they're probably going to
tell their best friends,
1089
00:57:48,943 --> 00:57:50,945
so the risks were going up
exponentially every time you
1090
00:57:50,989 --> 00:57:52,643
brought somebody in.
1091
00:57:52,686 --> 00:57:56,081
MATTHEW: We were so focused on
the digital part that I think
1092
00:57:56,124 --> 00:57:59,040
you forget that a lot of
journalists are going to need to
1093
00:57:59,084 --> 00:58:02,043
have interviews
with sources,
1094
00:58:02,087 --> 00:58:05,438
they're going to have these
interviews in bars or in cafes
1095
00:58:05,482 --> 00:58:09,529
or in public places, and they're
not going to be conscious of the
1096
00:58:09,573 --> 00:58:12,053
fact that other people might be
following them or listening to
1097
00:58:12,097 --> 00:58:13,490
their conversation.
1098
00:58:14,882 --> 00:58:16,188
LUKE: It's funny, really,
because to, generally,
1099
00:58:16,231 --> 00:58:18,843
toextract secrets
from a journalist,
1100
00:58:18,886 --> 00:58:21,410
you just need to
take the journalist to the bar,
1101
00:58:21,454 --> 00:58:23,935
buy the journalist a
beer or maybe two beers,
1102
00:58:23,978 --> 00:58:26,503
if they're, if
they're being kind of tricky,
1103
00:58:26,546 --> 00:58:28,548
and they will
tell you everything.
1104
00:58:28,592 --> 00:58:30,419
MAN 7: My colleagues say, I
haven't seen any stories.
1105
00:58:30,463 --> 00:58:31,420
What are you doing?
1106
00:58:31,464 --> 00:58:32,639
I say, it's a project.
1107
00:58:32,683 --> 00:58:35,120
It's a regional project,
actually worldwide,
1108
00:58:35,163 --> 00:58:37,165
and we're just
looking at something.
1109
00:58:37,209 --> 00:58:39,124
And they say, well,
when's it coming out?
1110
00:58:39,167 --> 00:58:40,647
Well, I couldn't really answer.
1111
00:58:42,954 --> 00:58:46,087
JOÓHANNES: You had this in
mind the whole time that one
1112
00:58:46,131 --> 00:58:48,525
mistake could
jeopardize the whole project.
1113
00:58:50,570 --> 00:58:52,006
RITA: My life,
during all those months,
1114
00:58:52,050 --> 00:58:54,052
was kinda like a spy life.
1115
00:58:54,095 --> 00:58:56,271
I couldn't tell
them what I was doing,
1116
00:58:56,315 --> 00:58:58,709
and I felt awful
because, at the same time,
1117
00:58:58,752 --> 00:59:01,059
I was investigating my friends.
1118
00:59:01,102 --> 00:59:04,541
I would go to dinner
parties, and during the day,
1119
00:59:04,584 --> 00:59:08,196
I was just searching documents
that somehow mentioned them.
1120
00:59:09,284 --> 00:59:11,504
EL NORTE: We felt responsible
for their safety and that that
1121
00:59:11,548 --> 00:59:15,943
was also something we
repeatedly told our colleagues.
1122
00:59:15,987 --> 00:59:18,859
Be aware that there is
colleagues of us out there
1123
00:59:18,903 --> 00:59:20,905
risking their life
with this reporting,
1124
00:59:20,948 --> 00:59:23,908
and if you tell too much,
you could risk their life.
1125
01:00:01,859 --> 01:00:03,512
BASTIAN: In the last weeks
before our publication date,
1126
01:00:03,556 --> 01:00:07,038
we had to do everything
to protect our source,
1127
01:00:07,081 --> 01:00:10,215
so we stopped all
communications.
1128
01:00:10,258 --> 01:00:13,914
We destroyed effectively
the-the devices that we used to
1129
01:00:13,958 --> 01:00:15,307
communicate with the source.
1130
01:00:15,350 --> 01:00:17,135
My iPhone and my computer.
1131
01:00:17,178 --> 01:00:21,443
We deleted all
the files with several programs,
1132
01:00:21,487 --> 01:00:24,969
so run it over
and over and over until it was
1133
01:00:25,012 --> 01:00:26,448
completely flat.
1134
01:00:26,492 --> 01:00:29,234
But then, again, we
weren't really sure,
1135
01:00:29,277 --> 01:00:31,279
you know, if you
really can trust this,
1136
01:00:31,323 --> 01:00:34,631
so, I more or less
took a hammer and started
1137
01:00:34,674 --> 01:00:37,677
smashing the things.
1138
01:00:37,721 --> 01:00:41,289
We didn't want to throw it away
because we were so paranoid back
1139
01:00:41,333 --> 01:00:44,902
then that we thoguh if
someone finds it,
1140
01:00:44,945 --> 01:00:47,905
maybe he can do
something with it.
1141
01:00:48,688 --> 01:00:51,430
MARINA: The most dangerous
moment in the investigation,
1142
01:00:51,473 --> 01:00:55,173
and the most tense moment, when
we start reaching out to people
1143
01:00:55,216 --> 01:00:57,305
for comment.
1144
01:00:58,916 --> 01:01:04,051
If we have had a year to look at
your bank information and your
1145
01:01:04,095 --> 01:01:07,489
company information, we
are not going to surprise you.
1146
01:01:07,533 --> 01:01:09,666
BASTIAN: You don't
approach people and say,
1147
01:01:09,709 --> 01:01:12,886
listen, the team
of Mossack Fonseca,
1148
01:01:12,930 --> 01:01:15,367
you lost all your data. [laughs]
1149
01:01:17,543 --> 01:01:19,066
JULIETTE: The camera
crews for the broadcasters
1150
01:01:19,110 --> 01:01:21,373
involved in the project
descended on the offices of
1151
01:01:21,416 --> 01:01:25,246
Mossack Fonseca in Panama City
and demanded to talk to someone,
1152
01:01:25,290 --> 01:01:26,117
get a statement.
1153
01:01:36,736 --> 01:01:38,651
BASTIAN: We sent them an email.
1154
01:01:38,695 --> 01:01:42,307
We saw documents that seemed
to indicate that you have many
1155
01:01:42,350 --> 01:01:45,397
troubles with your due diligence
and the way you choose
1156
01:01:45,440 --> 01:01:47,268
your customers.
1157
01:01:50,576 --> 01:01:53,753
BASTIAN: Then it follows,
um, a long list of questions.
1158
01:01:53,797 --> 01:01:56,190
Very detailed,
very much to the cases.
1159
01:01:56,234 --> 01:01:59,498
So they said, we're not
involved in illegal dealings.
1160
01:01:59,541 --> 01:02:03,676
We have never contact with
the customers directly.
1161
01:02:03,720 --> 01:02:08,115
We only work with
intermediaries, which are lies.
1162
01:02:08,159 --> 01:02:11,640
Well, I've heard, well now,
everything might blow up.
1163
01:02:11,684 --> 01:02:14,556
Now it will be hundreds of
lawyers trying to stop our
1164
01:02:14,600 --> 01:02:17,995
reporting, hundreds of
people all around the world get
1165
01:02:18,038 --> 01:02:19,953
knowledge about
our investigation,
1166
01:02:19,997 --> 01:02:22,042
and that's people
like drug lords,
1167
01:02:22,086 --> 01:02:24,871
criminals, and of course we
feared that something
1168
01:02:24,915 --> 01:02:25,916
might happen.
1169
01:02:25,959 --> 01:02:32,313
[lightning and thunder]
1170
01:02:32,357 --> 01:02:34,359
RITA: It was
very stressful for-for all of us
1171
01:02:34,402 --> 01:02:38,363
because at that point, yeah,
we had to call our sources,
1172
01:02:38,406 --> 01:02:40,757
we had to call the people
that we were writing about,
1173
01:02:40,800 --> 01:02:46,675
and people started to
know more and more and more.
1174
01:02:46,719 --> 01:02:51,245
We started to have a
bodyguard because that's when we
1175
01:02:51,289 --> 01:02:54,683
received a non-direct
threat by Mossack Fonseca.
1176
01:02:54,727 --> 01:02:56,816
So they came and said, you know,
we know you have a journalist
1177
01:02:56,860 --> 01:02:59,297
who's helping the
international media,
1178
01:02:59,340 --> 01:03:02,779
and she, and she's been
she's been paid for,
1179
01:03:02,822 --> 01:03:06,478
and she is trying to
diminish the reputation of
1180
01:03:06,521 --> 01:03:09,133
our firm and the country,
and she was gonna have to,
1181
01:03:09,176 --> 01:03:12,397
you know,
suffer the consequences.
1182
01:03:12,440 --> 01:03:13,790
So the paper
immediately said, you know,
1183
01:03:13,833 --> 01:03:16,662
you can't be around
without any protection.
1184
01:03:16,705 --> 01:03:18,446
My friends were here.
1185
01:03:18,490 --> 01:03:21,101
We go pick them up at
the hotel, and there's,
1186
01:03:21,145 --> 01:03:23,190
there is a bodyguard
there driving the car.
1187
01:03:23,234 --> 01:03:25,627
So we said, oh,
it's just an Uber.
1188
01:03:25,671 --> 01:03:28,282
But we forgot to hide the gun he
had in the middle of the
1189
01:03:28,326 --> 01:03:29,849
front seat.
1190
01:03:29,893 --> 01:03:34,506
We had to live a double
life and-and that really was
1191
01:03:34,549 --> 01:03:38,597
something that changed
our lives from that moment.
1192
01:03:42,166 --> 01:03:44,908
FREDERIK: The
most frightening moment for me
1193
01:03:44,951 --> 01:03:50,391
shortly before publication was
when I personally had to write
1194
01:03:50,435 --> 01:03:55,222
an email to the Kremlin
basically addressing it to "Dear
1195
01:03:55,266 --> 01:03:59,879
Mr. Vladimir Putin" and laying
out what we found in regards to
1196
01:03:59,923 --> 01:04:05,885
this net of companies around his
friend Sergei Roldugin that was
1197
01:04:05,929 --> 01:04:09,758
funneling hundreds of millions
of dollar out of Russia,
1198
01:04:09,802 --> 01:04:14,589
and I've never written an
email to Vladimir Putin before.
1199
01:04:14,633 --> 01:04:17,897
Some days later,
Vladimir Putin's spokesperson,
1200
01:04:17,941 --> 01:04:22,336
Mr. Peskov, did a
press conference in Moscow.
1201
01:04:22,380 --> 01:04:24,817
DMITRY PESKOV: The
documents show nothing
1202
01:04:24,861 --> 01:04:26,427
about Mister Putin.
1203
01:04:26,471 --> 01:04:31,780
Everything that was,
interconnected with our
1204
01:04:31,824 --> 01:04:34,174
president, was
written by newspapers.
1205
01:04:34,218 --> 01:04:36,655
It was written by
journalists without having
1206
01:04:36,698 --> 01:04:39,266
obvious facts for that.
1207
01:04:39,310 --> 01:04:41,616
FREDERIK: It was
clear to me, oh, shit.
1208
01:04:41,660 --> 01:04:45,316
He's speaking about that
email I sent some days ago.
1209
01:04:45,359 --> 01:04:47,361
DMITRY: And now we're
understanding this is nothing
1210
01:04:47,405 --> 01:04:50,669
else by, but a
reflection of,
1211
01:04:50,712 --> 01:04:53,672
let's say, an
overwhelmed
1212
01:04:53,715 --> 01:04:57,545
Putin-aphobia disease that
unfortunately has quite spread
1213
01:04:57,589 --> 01:05:02,594
now in lots of media.
1214
01:05:02,637 --> 01:05:06,467
FREDERIK: It was clearly obvious
that the Kremlin was pissed off.
1215
01:05:08,339 --> 01:05:12,517
MARINA: We got a lot of legal
threats and there were so many.
1216
01:05:12,560 --> 01:05:14,954
They were really piling up.
1217
01:05:14,998 --> 01:05:18,958
Everyone that we contacted
recruited the best lawyers to
1218
01:05:19,002 --> 01:05:23,963
threaten ICIJ, to try to, um,
get us to show them documents,
1219
01:05:24,007 --> 01:05:28,185
to try to get us to
not publish the story.
1220
01:05:28,707 --> 01:05:31,840
SCOTT: Drug trafficking,
income inequality, poverty.
1221
01:05:31,884 --> 01:05:34,365
You look at those
problems in the world,
1222
01:05:34,408 --> 01:05:38,804
and a lot of the keys to
addressing those problems are in
1223
01:05:38,847 --> 01:05:40,588
the Panama Papers.
1224
01:05:40,632 --> 01:05:46,507
Even though you feel like you,
you may wake up one day and-and
1225
01:05:46,551 --> 01:05:49,641
have somebody in your
bedroom pointing a gun at you,
1226
01:05:49,684 --> 01:05:52,774
you feel like youhave to
keep going on this because it's
1227
01:05:52,818 --> 01:05:55,734
too important.
1228
01:05:58,737 --> 01:06:00,173
JOÓHANNES: So
coming from Iceland,
1229
01:06:00,217 --> 01:06:03,785
I knew that if I would
start asking questions about the
1230
01:06:03,829 --> 01:06:05,787
offshore company of
the Prime Minister,
1231
01:06:05,831 --> 01:06:11,271
early, then all the alarm
bells would ring inside the
1232
01:06:11,315 --> 01:06:15,188
government and inside the
institutions here in Iceland.
1233
01:06:15,232 --> 01:06:19,410
So we had to find
a way to get
1234
01:06:19,453 --> 01:06:23,805
the reactions from the
Prime Minister on camera.
1235
01:06:23,849 --> 01:06:28,375
So we decided after a
lengthy talk about the ethical
1236
01:06:28,419 --> 01:06:31,813
issues, to confront him.
1237
01:06:32,727 --> 01:06:34,120
JOURNALIST:
Mister Prime Minister,
1238
01:06:34,164 --> 01:06:38,429
what can you tell me about
a company called Wintris?
1239
01:06:38,472 --> 01:06:44,565
PRIME MINISTER GUNNLAUGSSON:
Well, [sighs] it's a company of,
1240
01:06:44,609 --> 01:06:48,395
if I recall correctly, which
is associated with one of the
1241
01:06:48,439 --> 01:06:50,441
companies that I,
was on a board of,
1242
01:06:50,484 --> 01:06:57,709
and, it was a,
hadan account which as I,
1243
01:06:57,752 --> 01:07:02,931
as I mentioned, has
been with the tax,
1244
01:07:02,975 --> 01:07:06,457
on the tax account
since it was established.
1245
01:07:06,500 --> 01:07:09,460
So now I'm starting to feel a
bit strange about this question
1246
01:07:09,503 --> 01:07:12,376
because it's like you are
accusing me of something when
1247
01:07:12,419 --> 01:07:16,815
you are asking me about a
company that has been on my--
1248
01:07:16,858 --> 01:07:18,121
JOURNALIST: Let, let--
1249
01:07:18,164 --> 01:07:19,296
PRIME MINISTER GUNNLAUGSSON:
--tax return from
1250
01:07:19,339 --> 01:07:20,601
the beginning.
1251
01:07:20,645 --> 01:07:22,081
JOURNALIST: Yeah,
it must be okay for me as a
1252
01:07:22,125 --> 01:07:23,517
journalist to ask the Prime
Minister about personal--
1253
01:07:23,561 --> 01:07:25,128
PRIME MINISTER GUNNLAUGSSON:
Yes, sure.
1254
01:07:25,171 --> 01:07:28,087
But you are indicating that
I have not paid, taxes on it.
1255
01:07:28,131 --> 01:07:29,219
JOURNALIST: No, I'm
just asking you questions.
1256
01:07:29,262 --> 01:07:29,610
PRIME MINISTER GUNNLAUGSSON:
Okay,
1257
01:07:29,654 --> 01:07:31,003
okay.
1258
01:07:31,047 --> 01:07:32,700
JOURNALIST: So, so, uh,
to go into the details,
1259
01:07:32,744 --> 01:07:34,963
I would like my partner to do
it in Icelandic because I don't
1260
01:07:35,007 --> 01:07:37,792
have the details,
uh, to discuss it.
1261
01:08:24,796 --> 01:08:26,319
KRISTJAÁNSSON: The time
between the interview and the
1262
01:08:26,363 --> 01:08:29,496
publication was
a stressful time.
1263
01:08:29,540 --> 01:08:31,542
The wife of
the Prime Minister,
1264
01:08:31,585 --> 01:08:36,024
she posted a Facebook
status talking about some
1265
01:08:36,068 --> 01:08:38,853
attacks from the media.
1266
01:08:38,897 --> 01:08:42,118
Soon, I realized that, uh, we
shouldn't be afraid because we
1267
01:08:42,161 --> 01:08:46,078
had all the materials,
we had the interview,
1268
01:08:46,122 --> 01:08:49,081
uh, and uh, I
talk, I told my staff,
1269
01:08:49,125 --> 01:08:51,997
you know, just relax because we
are going to publish this and,
1270
01:08:52,040 --> 01:08:54,565
uh, it will be big.
1271
01:09:02,921 --> 01:09:04,705
PAUL: We were utterly convinced
that night that we were gonna
1272
01:09:04,749 --> 01:09:08,448
light the Blue Torch Paper
despite nobody going beforehand,
1273
01:09:08,492 --> 01:09:10,450
there was still an
air of expectancy.
1274
01:09:10,494 --> 01:09:12,583
People knew a big
story was coming.
1275
01:09:12,626 --> 01:09:14,715
LUKE: What was weird was about
ten minutes before we were due
1276
01:09:14,759 --> 01:09:18,110
to press send, Edward Snowden
tweeted out a link to the
1277
01:09:18,154 --> 01:09:21,026
English language website of
Suüddeutsche Zeitung MAN 4: The
1278
01:09:21,069 --> 01:09:24,377
people who follow him
then were alerted to this,
1279
01:09:24,421 --> 01:09:26,466
and that's a
pretty wide universe.
1280
01:09:26,510 --> 01:09:28,468
JULIETTE: Gerard Ryle,
the Director of the ICIJ,
1281
01:09:28,512 --> 01:09:30,818
is hammering the phones getting
everyone to just hold
1282
01:09:30,862 --> 01:09:32,516
their nerve.
1283
01:09:32,559 --> 01:09:33,952
GERARD: I thought it was very
important that we all hold the
1284
01:09:33,995 --> 01:09:36,041
line, that what was
happening with the press
1285
01:09:36,084 --> 01:09:38,696
conference from the Kremlin and
what was happening in Iceland at
1286
01:09:38,739 --> 01:09:41,089
the time where parts of the
story were getting out through
1287
01:09:41,133 --> 01:09:43,614
Facebook, through the
Icelandic Prime Minister's wife,
1288
01:09:43,657 --> 01:09:45,659
like there was a
lot of nervousness,
1289
01:09:45,703 --> 01:09:47,661
and I really thought
that all of these events,
1290
01:09:47,705 --> 01:09:49,794
all of these small
things happening,
1291
01:09:49,837 --> 01:09:51,752
even though, you know, we
were being talked about a week
1292
01:09:51,796 --> 01:09:53,798
beforehand, no one
really knew the bigger story.
1293
01:09:53,841 --> 01:09:55,800
JULIETTE: You know, I'm, uh,
describing it a bit like a,
1294
01:09:55,843 --> 01:09:58,933
a general standing at the top
of the hill holding back the
1295
01:09:58,977 --> 01:10:01,588
troops, you know, waiting as
the opposing army approaches,
1296
01:10:01,632 --> 01:10:04,722
approaches, you
know, hold, hold, hold, go!
1297
01:10:04,765 --> 01:10:05,766
Charge! [chuckles]
1298
01:10:05,810 --> 01:10:07,812
TIM:
When that day hits,
1299
01:10:07,855 --> 01:10:10,554
things happen
fairly quickly.
1300
01:10:12,730 --> 01:10:15,211
NEWS REPORTER 20: The so-called
Panama Papers now exposing the
1301
01:10:15,254 --> 01:10:19,606
secret financial dealings of
politicians and celebrities.
1302
01:10:19,650 --> 01:10:21,695
NEWS REPORTER 21: Many of
the world's most powerful
1303
01:10:21,739 --> 01:10:24,132
politicians, wealthy business
owners and popular celebrities
1304
01:10:24,176 --> 01:10:26,657
are now desperately trying to
distance themselves from the
1305
01:10:26,700 --> 01:10:30,835
fallout and consequences
of the Panama Papers.
1306
01:10:30,878 --> 01:10:33,664
MARISA: There was an immediate
response on social media.
1307
01:10:33,707 --> 01:10:35,666
MAN 8: They're
all on the inside,
1308
01:10:35,709 --> 01:10:37,537
we are out on the
street looking in.
1309
01:10:37,581 --> 01:10:39,409
Hello?
1310
01:10:39,452 --> 01:10:41,106
MARINA: This thing exploded and
took an entire life of its own.
1311
01:10:41,149 --> 01:10:43,195
NEWS REPORTER 22: We turn now
to the banking bombshell causing
1312
01:10:43,239 --> 01:10:44,805
shockwaves around the world.
1313
01:10:44,849 --> 01:10:45,893
NEWS REPORTER 23:
Panama Papers...
1314
01:10:45,937 --> 01:10:47,504
NEWS REPORTER 24:
[speaking Spanish]
1315
01:10:47,547 --> 01:10:49,070
NEWS REPORTER 25: [speaking
Spanish] The Panama Papers...
1316
01:10:49,114 --> 01:10:50,376
NEWS REPORTER 26: [speaking
Spanish] The Panama Papers.
1317
01:10:50,420 --> 01:10:51,856
GEORGE: What may be the largest
leak of secret documents
1318
01:10:51,899 --> 01:10:53,466
in history.
1319
01:10:53,510 --> 01:10:55,207
NEWS REPORTER 27: A blockbuster
release of millions of
1320
01:10:55,251 --> 01:10:56,730
financial documents.
1321
01:10:56,774 --> 01:10:58,819
NEWS REPORTER 28: This is
the biggest attack on the tax
1322
01:10:58,863 --> 01:10:59,951
shelter industry.
1323
01:10:59,994 --> 01:11:01,082
It's a trillion dollar industry.
1324
01:11:01,126 --> 01:11:02,040
NEWS REPORTER 29: It is.
1325
01:11:02,083 --> 01:11:03,259
It is a trillion
dollar industry.
1326
01:11:03,302 --> 01:11:05,173
JAKE: The UK,
France, Australia, Mexico,
1327
01:11:05,217 --> 01:11:07,393
all say they're
going to investigate.
1328
01:11:08,307 --> 01:11:13,225
ROBERTO: When it blew up, I
had no idea the size of
1329
01:11:13,269 --> 01:11:15,009
the situation.
1330
01:11:15,053 --> 01:11:16,620
NEWS REPORTER 30: Panama Police
have raided the offices of the
1331
01:11:16,663 --> 01:11:20,058
law firm at the center of the
country's massive data leak.
1332
01:11:29,110 --> 01:11:33,593
JACK: Now the problem is can the
various judicial systems of the
1333
01:11:33,637 --> 01:11:37,554
world handle all of this
material without getting a
1334
01:11:37,597 --> 01:11:40,992
horrendous case of indigestion?
1335
01:12:08,759 --> 01:12:11,022
JUÜRGEN: We have always dealt
with professional clients all
1336
01:12:11,065 --> 01:12:12,502
over the world, only.
1337
01:12:12,545 --> 01:12:15,635
RITA: After the publication,
the example they gave it,
1338
01:12:15,679 --> 01:12:17,550
we were like a knife
factory, you know?
1339
01:12:17,594 --> 01:12:18,856
We sell the knives.
1340
01:12:18,899 --> 01:12:20,945
If people kill, kill
other people with knives,
1341
01:12:20,988 --> 01:12:22,729
it is not our fault.
1342
01:12:22,773 --> 01:12:26,559
The problem is they always knew
who had the knives and what were
1343
01:12:26,603 --> 01:12:28,822
they gonna do with the knives.
1344
01:12:29,562 --> 01:12:31,390
NEWS REPORTER 32: The law
firm is denying any wrongdoing.
1345
01:12:31,434 --> 01:12:35,655
RITA: When we'd realized how big
it was was when we saw people
1346
01:12:35,699 --> 01:12:38,136
going out in the streets.
1347
01:12:38,179 --> 01:12:40,443
[cheering]
1348
01:12:42,053 --> 01:12:43,707
NEWS REPORTER 33: Thousands of
Icelanders took the streets,
1349
01:12:43,750 --> 01:12:46,405
calling on the Prime Minister to
resign following allegations he
1350
01:12:46,449 --> 01:12:48,364
benefited from offshore
holdings and tax havens.
1351
01:12:52,368 --> 01:12:56,110
NEWS REPORTER 34: The first
casualty of the Panama Papers
1352
01:12:56,154 --> 01:12:57,634
has fallen.
1353
01:12:57,677 --> 01:13:00,463
Prime Minister of Iceland
yielded his post on Tuesday amid
1354
01:13:00,506 --> 01:13:02,900
public uproar that he failed to
disclose links to an
1355
01:13:02,943 --> 01:13:04,684
offshore company.
1356
01:13:04,728 --> 01:13:10,211
[speaking foreign language]
1357
01:13:10,255 --> 01:13:13,040
NEWS REPORTER 35: Prime Minister
Nawaz Sharif, he may be thrown
1358
01:13:13,084 --> 01:13:14,955
out of office over allegations
that his family owned several
1359
01:13:14,999 --> 01:13:16,783
illegal offshore businesses.
1360
01:13:16,827 --> 01:13:19,830
CROWD: [speaking
foreign language]
1361
01:13:19,873 --> 01:13:23,181
NEWS REPORTER 36: Corruption and
bribery at the highest level
1362
01:13:23,224 --> 01:13:25,488
on the streets of Rio Sao Paulo
and dozens of other cities.
1363
01:13:25,531 --> 01:13:28,969
Protestors laid the blame at
the door of President
1364
01:13:29,013 --> 01:13:30,144
Dilma Rousseff.
1365
01:13:30,188 --> 01:13:32,190
MAN 8: Every day
there is a new scandal.
1366
01:13:32,233 --> 01:13:33,974
Every day there is something
related to money being taken out
1367
01:13:34,018 --> 01:13:35,976
of the country.
1368
01:13:36,020 --> 01:13:37,761
NEWS REPORTER 37: We have some
breaking news from Brazil where
1369
01:13:37,804 --> 01:13:41,155
the senate there has voted to
impeach President Dilma Rousseff
1370
01:13:41,199 --> 01:13:43,419
and plunges the country
into political chaos.
1371
01:13:43,462 --> 01:13:45,072
KEVIN: Look at Brazil.
1372
01:13:45,116 --> 01:13:48,685
That's probably the country
where the Panama Papers has had
1373
01:13:48,728 --> 01:13:49,686
the most impact.
1374
01:13:49,729 --> 01:13:53,994
[sirens]
1375
01:13:54,038 --> 01:13:56,257
KEVIN: Iceland got the
headlines with the president.
1376
01:13:56,301 --> 01:13:59,478
The entire [chuckles] ruling
structure of Brazil is crumbling
1377
01:13:59,522 --> 01:14:01,306
because so many of them are
tied into this money
1378
01:14:01,349 --> 01:14:02,960
laundering scheme.
1379
01:14:03,003 --> 01:14:04,788
CROWD: [speaking
foreign language]
1380
01:14:04,831 --> 01:14:06,485
[beating on fence]
1381
01:14:06,529 --> 01:14:08,008
NEWS REPORTER 38: Protestors
in the Argentine capital Buenos
1382
01:14:08,052 --> 01:14:10,271
Aires are calling for the
country's president to step down
1383
01:14:10,315 --> 01:14:13,187
after the so-called Panama
Papers revealed Mauricio Macri
1384
01:14:13,231 --> 01:14:17,322
is on the board of two offshore
firms: One in the Bahamas,
1385
01:14:17,365 --> 01:14:18,932
the other in Panama.
1386
01:14:18,976 --> 01:14:22,370
NEWS REPORTER 39: Several
thousand people filled a square
1387
01:14:22,414 --> 01:14:25,896
in Malta's capital on Sunday,
and demanded the resignation of
1388
01:14:25,939 --> 01:14:27,375
Prime Minister Joseph Muscat.
1389
01:14:27,419 --> 01:14:29,987
MATTHEW: My mother
was in Malta alone,
1390
01:14:30,030 --> 01:14:33,643
fighting this with no, no
one backing her at all.
1391
01:14:33,686 --> 01:14:36,341
No institution.
1392
01:14:36,384 --> 01:14:38,822
GERARD: Daphne had been working
on a number of post-Panama
1393
01:14:38,865 --> 01:14:40,867
Paper stories.
1394
01:14:40,911 --> 01:14:43,522
She wasn't involved in the
Panama Papers investigation
1395
01:14:43,566 --> 01:14:46,133
itself, but she had taken our
reporting and gone further.
1396
01:14:49,920 --> 01:14:51,225
JACOB: [speaks
foreign language]
1397
01:14:51,269 --> 01:14:52,357
KONRAD: Good evening.
1398
01:14:52,400 --> 01:14:53,619
Um, today, the,
yesterday's piece...
1399
01:15:03,803 --> 01:15:05,413
KONRAD: There are
no bank accounts,
1400
01:15:05,457 --> 01:15:06,850
uh, no, no, no funds.
1401
01:15:14,597 --> 01:15:15,685
KONRAD: And there are
absolutely no funds.
1402
01:15:15,728 --> 01:15:16,424
Thank you.
1403
01:15:16,468 --> 01:15:17,338
[overlapping chatter]
1404
01:15:18,731 --> 01:15:21,995
MATTHEW: When the story
broke, they didn't resign.
1405
01:15:22,039 --> 01:15:23,562
I mean, I couldn't believe it.
1406
01:15:23,606 --> 01:15:26,086
I could see, I mean, it was like
a disaster unfolding in
1407
01:15:26,130 --> 01:15:27,000
slow motion.
1408
01:15:54,419 --> 01:16:00,120
[overlapping chatter]
1409
01:16:00,164 --> 01:16:02,558
NEWS REPORTER 40: British Prime
Minister David Cameron faces
1410
01:16:02,601 --> 01:16:06,039
backlash for implications in the
recently leaked Panama Papers.
1411
01:16:06,083 --> 01:16:07,388
JULIETTE: And that's when things
in the UK just went
1412
01:16:07,432 --> 01:16:09,826
really crazy.
1413
01:16:09,869 --> 01:16:11,305
[overlapping chatter]
1414
01:16:11,349 --> 01:16:12,959
LUKE: There was
turmoil in this country.
1415
01:16:13,003 --> 01:16:14,700
David Cameron had
the worst week.
1416
01:16:14,744 --> 01:16:17,094
[overlapping jeering]
1417
01:16:17,137 --> 01:16:20,924
DAVID: Thank you,
Mister Speaker.
1418
01:16:20,967 --> 01:16:22,490
Thank you, Mister Speaker.
1419
01:16:22,534 --> 01:16:23,317
With permission, I would like to
make a statement on the
1420
01:16:23,361 --> 01:16:24,667
Panama Papers.
1421
01:16:25,145 --> 01:16:26,930
Dealing with my own
circumstances first,
1422
01:16:26,973 --> 01:16:30,368
yesterday I published all the
information in my tax returns,
1423
01:16:30,411 --> 01:16:32,892
not just for the last year,
but for the last six years.
1424
01:16:32,936 --> 01:16:35,286
I've also given additional
information about money
1425
01:16:35,329 --> 01:16:38,506
inherited and given to me by
my family so people can see the
1426
01:16:38,550 --> 01:16:40,508
sources of income that I have.
1427
01:16:40,552 --> 01:16:43,076
This is an entirely
standard practice,
1428
01:16:43,120 --> 01:16:46,123
and it is not to avoid tax.
1429
01:16:46,166 --> 01:16:49,561
JEREMY CORBYN: May I thank
the Prime Minister for the
1430
01:16:49,605 --> 01:16:51,476
advance site of his statement.
1431
01:16:51,519 --> 01:16:55,306
It is absolutely a masterclass
in the art of distraction.
1432
01:16:56,307 --> 01:16:58,178
[laughter]
1433
01:16:58,222 --> 01:17:00,354
JULIETTE: He refused to say
whether he had any money in his
1434
01:17:00,398 --> 01:17:01,529
father's offshore fund.
1435
01:17:01,573 --> 01:17:03,575
PAUL: He'd gone
on record saying,
1436
01:17:03,619 --> 01:17:05,533
we've gotta end
secrecy about tax avoidance.
1437
01:17:05,577 --> 01:17:07,971
He'd gone on record saying we've
gotta shine a light on where
1438
01:17:08,014 --> 01:17:09,581
this money comes from.
1439
01:17:09,625 --> 01:17:11,931
DAVID: Some of these schemes
where people are parking huge
1440
01:17:11,975 --> 01:17:15,326
amounts of money offshore
and taking loans back to just
1441
01:17:15,369 --> 01:17:19,547
minimize their tax rates, it
is not morally acceptable.
1442
01:17:19,591 --> 01:17:21,680
PAUL: So he then
had to come out,
1443
01:17:21,724 --> 01:17:24,248
and this was the fourth or fifth
explanation over a period of
1444
01:17:24,291 --> 01:17:26,163
three days,
saying, well, actually,
1445
01:17:26,206 --> 01:17:27,425
I did benefit from the shares.
1446
01:17:27,468 --> 01:17:30,210
DAVID: Samantha and I
had a joint account.
1447
01:17:30,254 --> 01:17:33,257
We owned, uh, 5,000
units in Blaire Moore,
1448
01:17:33,300 --> 01:17:38,305
uh, Investment Trust, which we
sold in January, uh, 2010.
1449
01:17:38,349 --> 01:17:41,178
Uh, that was worth
something like 30,000 pounds.
1450
01:17:41,221 --> 01:17:43,267
Was there a profit on it?
1451
01:17:43,310 --> 01:17:45,312
I paid, um,
income tax on the dividends,
1452
01:17:45,356 --> 01:17:47,401
but there was
a profit on it,
1453
01:17:47,445 --> 01:17:50,187
but it was less than the
capital gains tax allowance,
1454
01:17:50,230 --> 01:17:52,276
so I didn't pay
capital gains tax,
1455
01:17:52,319 --> 01:17:55,018
but it was subject to all the
UK taxes in all the normal ways.
1456
01:17:56,541 --> 01:17:58,674
WOMAN 3: A few months
later, Britain was gonna hold a
1457
01:17:58,717 --> 01:18:02,721
referendum on whether to
leave the European Union.
1458
01:18:02,765 --> 01:18:06,203
NEWS REPORTER 41: People of
Britain have spoken,
1459
01:18:06,246 --> 01:18:08,292
voting for a British
exit, dubbed Brexit,
1460
01:18:08,335 --> 01:18:11,295
with almost 52% of the
votes choosing to leave the 28
1461
01:18:11,338 --> 01:18:14,428
member European Union.
1462
01:18:14,472 --> 01:18:17,170
NEWS REPORTER 41: And Cameron
was the figurehead for Romaine,
1463
01:18:17,214 --> 01:18:20,434
but the British press is
dominated by press barrons who
1464
01:18:20,478 --> 01:18:24,351
wanted us to leave, and it
suited their agenda to destroy
1465
01:18:24,395 --> 01:18:25,962
the figurehead for Romane.
1466
01:18:28,051 --> 01:18:30,096
DAVID: On Wednesday, I would
attend the House of Commons for
1467
01:18:30,140 --> 01:18:32,664
Prime Ministers, answer
questions, and then after that,
1468
01:18:32,708 --> 01:18:35,667
I expect to go to the
Palace and offer my resignation,
1469
01:18:35,711 --> 01:18:38,278
so we'll have a new Prime
Minister in that building behind
1470
01:18:38,322 --> 01:18:40,454
me by Wednesday evening.
1471
01:18:40,498 --> 01:18:42,543
Thank you very much.
1472
01:18:43,588 --> 01:18:46,156
PAUL: Cameron helped to create
this moral atmosphere which
1473
01:18:46,199 --> 01:18:49,725
said, look, this behavior is
wrong and should not be helped
1474
01:18:49,768 --> 01:18:53,293
by the laws that we have
in existence at the moment.
1475
01:18:53,337 --> 01:18:57,341
♪♪
1476
01:18:57,384 --> 01:18:59,778
[applause]
1477
01:18:59,822 --> 01:19:02,476
MAN 8: The documents show allies
to Russian President Vladimir
1478
01:19:02,520 --> 01:19:05,479
Putin secretly shuffled as much
as $2 billion through
1479
01:19:05,523 --> 01:19:08,134
banks and shadow companies.
1480
01:19:08,178 --> 01:19:10,006
PAUL: Day one, of course,
was Vladimir Putin and the two
1481
01:19:10,049 --> 01:19:12,617
$2 billion worth of
money that led back to him,
1482
01:19:12,660 --> 01:19:14,488
which was a remarkable story.
1483
01:19:14,532 --> 01:19:17,361
It's been one of international
journalism's holy grails,
1484
01:19:17,404 --> 01:19:19,276
really, that story.
1485
01:19:19,319 --> 01:19:21,234
JOHN OLIVER: The papers revealed
the identity of a suspiciously
1486
01:19:21,278 --> 01:19:26,109
rich cellist, which raises
immediate red flags for me,
1487
01:19:26,152 --> 01:19:28,372
'cause I always thought the
only way to make millions with a
1488
01:19:28,415 --> 01:19:31,157
cello is to use it
to dig for gold.
1489
01:19:31,201 --> 01:19:33,072
[laughter]
1490
01:20:01,013 --> 01:20:02,449
LUKE: You know, he's basically
saying we're all spies.
1491
01:20:02,493 --> 01:20:05,278
We scheme dastardly stuff to
try and defame the
1492
01:20:05,322 --> 01:20:07,324
Russian Federation.
1493
01:20:07,367 --> 01:20:08,499
Now, of course
that isn't the case,
1494
01:20:08,542 --> 01:20:10,370
and if it were a CIA plot--
1495
01:20:10,414 --> 01:20:11,719
[jeering]
1496
01:20:11,763 --> 01:20:13,678
LUKE: --how come David
Cameron got sucked in?
1497
01:20:13,721 --> 01:20:15,201
How come demonstrations
in Iceland [chuckles]
1498
01:20:15,245 --> 01:20:17,334
and Argentina?
1499
01:20:18,248 --> 01:20:19,858
JULIETTE: I mean
the hilarious thing,
1500
01:20:19,902 --> 01:20:24,123
you know, is that Putin ended
up having to buy lots of cellos.
1501
01:20:24,820 --> 01:20:26,473
Roldugin bought lots of cellos
because he said it was for
1502
01:20:26,517 --> 01:20:29,259
buying cellos, so they went and
bought a lot of cellos after.
1503
01:20:29,302 --> 01:20:32,740
[laughs]
1504
01:20:33,567 --> 01:20:37,180
MARISA: This wasn't on
official news in Russia.
1505
01:20:37,223 --> 01:20:39,399
Unless you were
looking at foreign media,
1506
01:20:39,443 --> 01:20:42,620
you had no idea that
the Panama Papers broke.
1507
01:20:42,663 --> 01:20:45,362
The officials who were
implicated in these documents
1508
01:20:45,405 --> 01:20:48,191
would retaliate
against journalists.
1509
01:20:48,234 --> 01:20:49,279
It's real.
1510
01:20:49,322 --> 01:20:50,584
Journalists have been killed.
1511
01:20:50,628 --> 01:20:54,762
[sirens]
1512
01:20:54,806 --> 01:20:56,373
NEWS REPORTER 42: A car exploded
in flames in the Ukrainian
1513
01:20:56,416 --> 01:20:59,898
capital of Kiev early Wednesday
morning inside a prominent
1514
01:20:59,942 --> 01:21:02,205
journalist, Pavel Sheremet.
1515
01:21:02,248 --> 01:21:05,469
MAN 9: [speaking
foreign language]
1516
01:21:05,512 --> 01:21:07,471
NEWS REPORTER 42: An eye witness
to the blast says several people
1517
01:21:07,514 --> 01:21:09,081
tried to pull Sheremet from
the car, but it appeared
1518
01:21:09,125 --> 01:21:10,343
he was already dead.
1519
01:21:10,953 --> 01:21:13,172
LUKE: In Russia,
journalists, um,
1520
01:21:13,216 --> 01:21:15,131
both in the big
cities and the provinces,
1521
01:21:15,174 --> 01:21:17,394
get killed, shot,
beaten to death.
1522
01:21:17,437 --> 01:21:19,396
Roman Anin who works
for Novaya Gazeta,
1523
01:21:19,439 --> 01:21:21,789
he was kind of
instrumental in, in chasing the,
1524
01:21:21,833 --> 01:21:23,791
following the money all the way
to Putin and making that kind
1525
01:21:23,835 --> 01:21:24,662
of connection.
1526
01:21:38,719 --> 01:21:40,460
FREDERIK: The Kremlin pretty
soon found out who our Russia
1527
01:21:40,504 --> 01:21:45,422
partners are, so there
was TV programs that were,
1528
01:21:45,465 --> 01:21:48,077
that basically
screamed something like,
1529
01:21:48,120 --> 01:21:52,559
"Wanted" posters of the two of
them putting out information,
1530
01:21:52,603 --> 01:21:55,040
um, on them, detailed
information that could lead
1531
01:21:55,084 --> 01:21:58,522
people to the place where they
work or potentially where
1532
01:21:58,565 --> 01:22:00,002
they live.
1533
01:22:00,045 --> 01:22:03,092
They, to a certain point,
left Russia for a while.
1534
01:22:06,356 --> 01:22:09,228
RITA: We were
treated as, uh, traitors.
1535
01:22:09,272 --> 01:22:11,578
There were publications all
over the social networks and
1536
01:22:11,622 --> 01:22:14,755
everywhere blaming us
for selling our country,
1537
01:22:14,799 --> 01:22:16,583
blaming us for treason.
1538
01:22:16,627 --> 01:22:18,455
Theywere people saying,
"What should we do with a
1539
01:22:18,498 --> 01:22:19,891
traitor journalist?"
1540
01:22:19,935 --> 01:22:21,458
with our names.
1541
01:22:21,501 --> 01:22:23,112
They said, well, should we
throw them off the bridge of
1542
01:22:23,155 --> 01:22:24,200
the canal?
1543
01:22:24,243 --> 01:22:26,289
Should we send
them to Punta Coco,
1544
01:22:26,332 --> 01:22:28,204
which is equivalent of
Alcatraz for Panama,
1545
01:22:28,247 --> 01:22:29,248
or should we just
send them to La Joya,
1546
01:22:29,292 --> 01:22:31,076
which is a maximum
security prison.
1547
01:22:32,034 --> 01:22:33,165
JOSEPH: This sort of thing
is happening
1548
01:22:33,209 --> 01:22:34,166
a lot of, a lot of
places in the world,
1549
01:22:34,210 --> 01:22:35,472
it's absolutely terrifying.
1550
01:22:35,515 --> 01:22:37,996
Me personally, I've been
physically threatened,
1551
01:22:38,040 --> 01:22:39,519
I've been
threatened with lawsuits.
1552
01:22:39,563 --> 01:22:41,608
Um, but I'm really lucky.
1553
01:22:41,652 --> 01:22:43,610
I, you know, I work
in the United States.
1554
01:22:43,654 --> 01:22:46,004
It's really bad form to
kill a journalist here.
1555
01:22:46,048 --> 01:22:48,572
Investigative journalism is hard
enough without having to worry,
1556
01:22:48,615 --> 01:22:51,140
do all that kind
of moral math, um,
1557
01:22:51,183 --> 01:22:52,793
physical risk.
1558
01:22:52,837 --> 01:22:53,838
It's something that war
correspondents are used to doing
1559
01:22:53,881 --> 01:22:55,144
all the time.
1560
01:22:55,187 --> 01:22:56,319
In a way, it kind of feels
like we're all war
1561
01:22:56,362 --> 01:22:57,755
correspondents now.
1562
01:23:00,758 --> 01:23:03,804
MARINA: This just shows how
vulnerable reporters around the
1563
01:23:03,848 --> 01:23:06,720
world working on
corruption issues are.
1564
01:23:09,549 --> 01:23:14,119
One answer to that vulnerability
is working in networks and
1565
01:23:14,163 --> 01:23:16,078
in teams.
1566
01:23:17,340 --> 01:23:20,038
You can't take
down 376 reporters.
1567
01:23:24,347 --> 01:23:27,567
PRESENTER: For
the Panama Papers,
1568
01:23:27,611 --> 01:23:30,266
reporting that explored the
hidden infrastructure and global
1569
01:23:30,309 --> 01:23:32,877
scale of offshore tax havens...
1570
01:23:32,920 --> 01:23:34,531
[cheering]
1571
01:23:34,574 --> 01:23:36,750
PRESENTER: The Pulitzer Prize
and explanatory reporting goes
1572
01:23:36,794 --> 01:23:40,885
to...The International
Consortium of Investigative
1573
01:23:40,928 --> 01:23:44,628
Journalists, McClatchy
and the Miami Herald.
1574
01:23:44,671 --> 01:23:46,195
[cheering]
1575
01:23:46,238 --> 01:23:49,676
MARISA: Just the idea that
we were able to-to finish the
1576
01:23:49,720 --> 01:23:55,639
Panama Papers despite all of the
doubts and publish it along with
1577
01:23:55,682 --> 01:23:57,771
all of these other
reporters all across the world.
1578
01:23:57,815 --> 01:24:03,603
[chatter]
1579
01:24:03,647 --> 01:24:06,911
JOÓHANNES: And it felt so
surreal because the Pulitzer is
1580
01:24:06,954 --> 01:24:10,523
something you always
dream of as a journalist,
1581
01:24:10,567 --> 01:24:13,135
but as a German journalist, it's
something that you can normally
1582
01:24:13,178 --> 01:24:15,311
not reach.
1583
01:24:15,354 --> 01:24:21,534
[cheers and applause]
1584
01:24:21,578 --> 01:24:23,145
GERARD: It's nice to show that
journalists can actually work
1585
01:24:23,188 --> 01:24:24,842
together, and I think that's
something that we always thought
1586
01:24:24,885 --> 01:24:25,843
would never happen.
1587
01:24:25,886 --> 01:24:27,801
You know,
journalists are selfish,
1588
01:24:27,845 --> 01:24:29,760
we don't share stories,
we don't share sources.
1589
01:24:29,803 --> 01:24:31,327
We've just proven
that that's wrong,
1590
01:24:31,370 --> 01:24:32,676
that, in fact, you can get a
better story sometimes if you
1591
01:24:32,719 --> 01:24:35,461
do, if you do share.
1592
01:24:37,594 --> 01:24:41,076
MAN 9: You do need big,
international teams to cover
1593
01:24:41,119 --> 01:24:43,382
big, international topics.
1594
01:24:45,036 --> 01:24:46,690
KEVIN: Then it cleared the way
for us to spend the rest of the
1595
01:24:46,733 --> 01:24:49,780
year really doing the kind of
stuff that you couldn't do on
1596
01:24:49,823 --> 01:24:51,651
the first day, but were just
as important as the first
1597
01:24:51,695 --> 01:24:53,218
day stories.
1598
01:24:59,137 --> 01:25:00,921
FREDERIK: I thought that this
would be the time that we can
1599
01:25:00,965 --> 01:25:05,578
refocus and go into the stories
we hadn't yet the time to
1600
01:25:05,622 --> 01:25:13,151
finish, but then we heard this
terrible news from Malta where
1601
01:25:13,195 --> 01:25:17,634
Daphne Galizia, um, was
killed in a-a car bombing.
1602
01:25:17,677 --> 01:25:21,507
NEWS REPORTER 43: The son of
the investigative journalist,
1603
01:25:21,551 --> 01:25:23,901
Daphne Caruana Galizia, who was
killed in a car bomb attack in
1604
01:25:23,944 --> 01:25:26,904
Malta has attacked the island
as a mafia state run by what he
1605
01:25:26,947 --> 01:25:28,297
called crooks.
1606
01:25:28,340 --> 01:25:30,864
His 53-year-old mother,
who was killed yesterday,
1607
01:25:30,908 --> 01:25:33,867
was known for her blog accusing
politicians of high-level
1608
01:25:33,911 --> 01:25:37,523
corruption and she led the
Panama Papers investigation into
1609
01:25:37,567 --> 01:25:39,221
corruption on the island.
1610
01:25:41,223 --> 01:25:42,833
MAN 10: We couldn't have been
more shocked when-when we found
1611
01:25:42,876 --> 01:25:44,313
out that Daphne, you
know, Matthew's mother,
1612
01:25:44,356 --> 01:25:46,445
had been blown up.
1613
01:25:46,489 --> 01:25:50,362
I mean, it just seemed so
senseless and-and crazy.
1614
01:25:52,451 --> 01:25:54,018
MATTHEW: It was,
the message was,
1615
01:25:54,061 --> 01:25:59,589
look, we can, we can do this
and we can get away with it.
1616
01:25:59,632 --> 01:26:02,679
We have, there's no deterrent.
1617
01:26:02,722 --> 01:26:07,423
We can strike whoever we want,
whenever we want and get away
1618
01:26:07,466 --> 01:26:10,165
with it.
1619
01:26:13,907 --> 01:26:15,082
GERARD: The fact that
she was killed in Malta,
1620
01:26:15,126 --> 01:26:17,084
you're talking about
a European country.
1621
01:26:17,128 --> 01:26:21,219
That really shocked not
just us, but also the world.
1622
01:26:23,787 --> 01:26:25,397
JACOB: You know, this,
what happened to Daphne,
1623
01:26:25,441 --> 01:26:30,707
it-it never, we never thought
anything could happen in Malta.
1624
01:26:30,750 --> 01:26:32,622
Daphne was, you
know, very much a,
1625
01:26:32,665 --> 01:26:33,971
a fearless investigator.
1626
01:26:34,014 --> 01:26:37,627
You know, a, a lone, a
lone voice in a sense.
1627
01:26:38,758 --> 01:26:40,107
She was very frustrated
with-with mainstream media.
1628
01:26:40,151 --> 01:26:41,544
I don't know.
1629
01:26:41,587 --> 01:26:45,548
People just gravitated
towards her blog naturally.
1630
01:26:46,157 --> 01:26:47,767
JULIETTE: Daphne was
fierce, and she was a blogger,
1631
01:26:47,811 --> 01:26:49,943
so she had a lot more freedom
than newspaper journalists in
1632
01:26:49,987 --> 01:26:52,642
terms of expressing her
opinion, and she used it.
1633
01:26:52,685 --> 01:26:55,601
DAPHNE: My article went
up at 7:00 in the evening,
1634
01:26:55,645 --> 01:26:58,735
and two and a half hours
later, by half past nine,
1635
01:26:58,778 --> 01:27:03,000
the police are already at my
gate with a warrant for my
1636
01:27:03,043 --> 01:27:07,265
arrest issued by a magistrate
within two and a half hours.
1637
01:27:07,309 --> 01:27:12,879
The police cannot understand why
I will not abide by the law and
1638
01:27:12,923 --> 01:27:16,187
sit at home quietly and not
write anything about politics.
1639
01:27:16,231 --> 01:27:21,453
FREDERIK: She was one addressing
things many politicians did not
1640
01:27:21,497 --> 01:27:23,368
want to hear.
1641
01:27:25,065 --> 01:27:29,026
She wrote about corruption
at the highest levels
1642
01:27:29,069 --> 01:27:30,810
of government.
1643
01:27:30,854 --> 01:27:31,985
You know, I
mean I always get,
1644
01:27:32,029 --> 01:27:34,118
like, you know,
the-the usual people,
1645
01:27:34,161 --> 01:27:36,512
"Don't worry, the
truth will come to light.
1646
01:27:36,555 --> 01:27:37,861
Good always wins.
1647
01:27:37,904 --> 01:27:39,515
There will be justice."
1648
01:27:39,558 --> 01:27:41,691
My mother always
thought that was bullshit.
1649
01:27:43,823 --> 01:27:45,564
JULIETTE: She
wasn't just outspoken.
1650
01:27:45,608 --> 01:27:48,045
She was effective, and I think
that's why she's-she's
1651
01:27:48,088 --> 01:27:50,003
been killed.
1652
01:27:54,051 --> 01:27:56,053
What was
particularly shocking was that,
1653
01:27:56,096 --> 01:27:59,970
for some people, um, this
assassination was a-a cause
1654
01:28:00,013 --> 01:28:01,580
of celebration.
1655
01:28:01,624 --> 01:28:05,671
One police officer actually
tweeted that he was pleased that
1656
01:28:05,715 --> 01:28:09,109
this had happened and-and called
her "cow dung" the day after,
1657
01:28:09,153 --> 01:28:12,983
so you know, there wasn't
universal condemnation of this
1658
01:28:13,026 --> 01:28:14,071
act in Malta.
1659
01:28:14,114 --> 01:28:16,552
Perhaps there should have been.
1660
01:28:17,379 --> 01:28:18,858
NEWS REPORTER 44: A court in
Malta has charged three men with
1661
01:28:18,902 --> 01:28:21,296
the murder of
Daphne Caruana Galiza.
1662
01:28:21,339 --> 01:28:23,776
Maltase media say the
authorities honed in on the
1663
01:28:23,820 --> 01:28:27,127
suspects following
telephone intercepts.
1664
01:28:27,171 --> 01:28:29,434
Police arrested 10 men on on
Monday in connection with
1665
01:28:29,478 --> 01:28:31,218
the killing.
1666
01:28:31,262 --> 01:28:35,005
Seven have been released on
bail pending further inquiries.
1667
01:28:35,788 --> 01:28:38,269
MAN 11: It was
just all a big show.
1668
01:28:38,313 --> 01:28:41,838
MATTHEW: I am quite confident
that they were the people who
1669
01:28:41,881 --> 01:28:45,929
executed the orders to
assassinate my mother,
1670
01:28:45,972 --> 01:28:48,235
but my mother never
wrote about them,
1671
01:28:48,279 --> 01:28:52,152
she never investigated them,
she had no idea who they were.
1672
01:28:52,196 --> 01:28:55,721
They've probably never
even read what she wrote.
1673
01:28:57,288 --> 01:28:59,203
JACOB:They may have the
people who-who pushed a button,
1674
01:28:59,246 --> 01:29:01,205
who-who, you know,
who set off the bomb,
1675
01:29:01,248 --> 01:29:02,859
but they're definitely
not the masterminds,
1676
01:29:02,902 --> 01:29:04,991
and they definitely, you know,
wouldn't have had the motive to
1677
01:29:05,035 --> 01:29:07,603
do it, so the big
question is, you know,
1678
01:29:07,646 --> 01:29:09,605
who ordered this
kill, and ultimately,
1679
01:29:09,648 --> 01:29:12,564
who paid them, as well?
1680
01:29:14,131 --> 01:29:17,613
MAN 10: The way it was done,
it was also a way of getting
1681
01:29:17,656 --> 01:29:19,484
sources to stop talking.
1682
01:29:19,528 --> 01:29:24,446
♪♪
1683
01:29:24,489 --> 01:29:34,543
[background chatter]
1684
01:29:34,586 --> 01:29:44,553
[cheering]
1685
01:29:44,596 --> 01:29:49,471
[cheering]
1686
01:30:02,875 --> 01:30:05,443
NEWS REPORTER 45: The two
founders of Panamanian law firm
1687
01:30:05,487 --> 01:30:09,055
Mossack Fonseca were arrested
after both were indicted on
1688
01:30:09,099 --> 01:30:10,927
charges of money laundering.
1689
01:31:14,556 --> 01:31:17,994
ROBERTO: Porcell, I think, is
trying to do what has to be
1690
01:31:18,037 --> 01:31:23,869
done, but the judiciary, which
is where she has to deposit
1691
01:31:23,913 --> 01:31:31,311
her investigations, has zero
credibility at this point.
1692
01:31:32,182 --> 01:31:36,316
If you talk to Panamanians
out there about this,
1693
01:31:36,360 --> 01:31:39,015
the reaction is
"No pasa nada"...
1694
01:31:39,058 --> 01:31:41,234
Nothing will happen.
1695
01:31:41,278 --> 01:31:42,322
I don't think that's right.
1696
01:31:42,366 --> 01:31:44,977
I think that
something will happen.
1697
01:31:45,021 --> 01:31:48,807
We have an ex-president of
the Supreme Court in jail.
1698
01:31:48,851 --> 01:31:51,984
We have an
ex-president in jail in Miami.
1699
01:31:52,028 --> 01:31:54,596
I mean, there are
things happening.
1700
01:31:59,209 --> 01:32:01,472
I feel that
somewhere along the way,
1701
01:32:01,516 --> 01:32:04,954
in incremental bits, we'll
be solving these problems.
1702
01:32:04,997 --> 01:32:09,741
It's just a, a human problem
that we have to face all over
1703
01:32:09,785 --> 01:32:12,091
the world.
1704
01:32:13,963 --> 01:32:16,095
FREDERIK: This is
not only about Panama,
1705
01:32:16,139 --> 01:32:20,056
that's a worldwide problem,
and if it should get solved,
1706
01:32:20,099 --> 01:32:22,145
it's something that has to
be addressed in the U.S.,
1707
01:32:22,188 --> 01:32:23,668
as well.
1708
01:32:23,712 --> 01:32:25,322
KEVIN: One of the things
that led to change on the U.S.
1709
01:32:25,365 --> 01:32:29,979
end that both Nevada and Wyoming
changed their laws based on some
1710
01:32:30,022 --> 01:32:32,372
of what we were able to show
about these nominee directors
1711
01:32:32,416 --> 01:32:34,592
that really weren't contacts.
1712
01:32:34,636 --> 01:32:37,464
And the UK government is now
supporting efforts to force
1713
01:32:37,508 --> 01:32:40,946
transparency in overseas
tax havens that do that by
1714
01:32:40,990 --> 01:32:43,906
introducing public registries
across the
1715
01:32:43,949 --> 01:32:44,341
commonwealth countries.
1716
01:32:48,519 --> 01:32:53,437
MARINA/EMILIA:
[speaking Spanish]
1717
01:32:53,480 --> 01:32:55,395
WOMAN 5: Panama Papers
hasn't ended yet.
1718
01:32:55,439 --> 01:32:56,832
It's still going.
1719
01:32:56,875 --> 01:33:01,010
Every week, there's a new
Panama Papers development.
1720
01:33:01,053 --> 01:33:04,187
Reporters are still in the
database and are still searching
1721
01:33:04,230 --> 01:33:08,234
and still finding
things that we missed.
1722
01:33:10,672 --> 01:33:13,457
MARISA: While there have been a
lot of investigations launched,
1723
01:33:13,500 --> 01:33:17,853
including in the U.S., and there
have been a number of people all
1724
01:33:17,896 --> 01:33:20,420
across the world who
have been arrested,
1725
01:33:20,464 --> 01:33:25,164
there has been an element of
inaction in areas that really
1726
01:33:25,208 --> 01:33:29,342
matter, reform that would
prevent these offshores from
1727
01:33:29,386 --> 01:33:32,345
being created in the
way they are created.
1728
01:33:32,389 --> 01:33:33,782
There was a lot
of talk about it,
1729
01:33:33,825 --> 01:33:38,351
but yet, that hasn't
happened in a significant way.
1730
01:33:40,658 --> 01:33:42,181
MAN 10: I think history has
shown that as important as
1731
01:33:42,225 --> 01:33:45,663
Panama Papers are in revealing
this kind of underbelly of
1732
01:33:45,707 --> 01:33:49,406
global finance and how it
ties into the whole inequality
1733
01:33:49,449 --> 01:33:52,583
question, I think it also
will probably lead to a
1734
01:33:52,627 --> 01:33:53,671
better mousetrap.
1735
01:33:53,715 --> 01:33:54,672
GERARD: Will the scams go on?
1736
01:33:54,716 --> 01:33:55,978
Will there be new ways found?
1737
01:33:56,021 --> 01:33:57,675
Yes, of course.
1738
01:33:57,719 --> 01:33:59,851
You know, they, it-it, you know,
the world will probably just get
1739
01:33:59,895 --> 01:34:01,461
a bit more sophisticated.
1740
01:34:01,505 --> 01:34:04,160
MATTHEW: There's a democratic
backsliding in the world in
1741
01:34:04,203 --> 01:34:08,468
general, and I think that this
is taking journalism down
1742
01:34:08,512 --> 01:34:09,731
with it.
1743
01:34:09,774 --> 01:34:12,951
It's kind of strange
that, at that same time,
1744
01:34:12,995 --> 01:34:16,520
it's a golden age for
investigative journalism.
1745
01:34:16,563 --> 01:34:20,089
Our work has never been
as important as it is now.
1746
01:34:20,132 --> 01:34:31,840
♪♪
1747
01:34:31,883 --> 01:34:43,678
♪♪
1748
01:34:43,721 --> 01:34:45,592
JOHN: But when it
takes a whistleblower to sound
1749
01:34:45,636 --> 01:34:48,944
the alarm, it is cause
for even greater concern.
1750
01:34:52,469 --> 01:34:54,253
It signals that democracy's
checks and balance have all
1751
01:34:54,297 --> 01:34:58,475
failed, that the
breakdown is systemic,
1752
01:34:58,518 --> 01:35:02,087
and that severe instability
could be just around the corner.
1753
01:35:05,438 --> 01:35:07,963
So now is the time
for real action.
1754
01:35:08,006 --> 01:35:22,760
♪♪
1755
01:35:22,804 --> 01:35:37,470
♪♪
1756
01:35:37,514 --> 01:35:52,268
♪♪
1757
01:35:52,311 --> 01:36:07,022
♪♪
1758
01:36:07,065 --> 01:36:21,863
♪♪
1759
01:36:21,906 --> 01:36:36,486
♪♪
1760
01:36:36,529 --> 01:36:51,283
♪♪
1761
01:36:51,327 --> 01:37:06,081
♪♪
1762
01:37:06,124 --> 01:37:20,878
♪♪
1763
01:37:20,922 --> 01:37:35,588
♪♪
1764
01:37:35,632 --> 01:37:50,386
♪♪
1765
01:37:50,429 --> 01:38:05,183
♪♪
1766
01:38:05,227 --> 01:38:19,981
♪♪
1767
01:38:20,024 --> 01:38:34,604
♪♪
1768
01:38:34,647 --> 01:38:49,401
♪♪
1769
01:38:49,445 --> 01:39:04,242
♪♪
1770
01:39:04,286 --> 01:39:18,996
♪♪
1771
01:39:19,040 --> 01:39:33,663
♪♪
1772
01:39:33,706 --> 01:39:48,547
♪♪
1773
01:39:48,591 --> 01:39:54,292
♪♪
1774
01:40:00,342 --> 01:40:05,129
♪♪
139147
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