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some families moved their homes to the mainland.
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after the civil war,
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suspicion of the mixed race community grew.
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newspaper articles called it
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"a blight on an otherwise picturesque isle."
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in 1912, in a sad chapter of the state's history,
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the government decided malaga was an embarrassment.
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the state committed eight people
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to the maine school for the feeble-minded
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and evicted the rest.
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they even destroyed the island's cemetery.
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and eked out a living from the sea.
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others moved to nearby islands.
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a few may even have ended up back here on harbor island.
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with treacherous tides, hidden reefs
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and shoals stretching 3,500 miles, it's no surprise
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has 60 lighthouses. that maine's coastline
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look in your pocket and you may find this one on a coin.
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it's the pemaquid point light, chosen by the state's residents
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to be featured on the maine quarter.
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in 1635, before the light was built, a man named john bailey
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one tragic story of man's inhumanity
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hiding it until colonial farmers and sheepherders
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eroded the soil.
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and then the desert of maine reappeared.
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at the south end of casco bay, the maine coastline changes.
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here, the sandy shoreline of the south
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breaks into a series of islands carved by melting glaciers
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thousands of years ago-- the calendar islands.
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the islands we see today were once mountains
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until they were drowned by a sea of melting ice.
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while all the islands have felt nature's wrath,
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sailed for the new world leaving his wife behind to follow him
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began here on harbor island.
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in 1794, benjamin darling,
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a former slave from the west indies,
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bought this island with the money he was given
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in a shipwreck. for saving his master's life
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he called it horse island.
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over generations, his descendants settled
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on the nearby island of malaga,
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where they intermarried with whites
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on the west side of penobscot bay,
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it's easy to see why.
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one of the great walks in maine has to be
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along the granite breakwater of rockland harbor.
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completed in 1899, the breakwater
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leads to a lighthouse on penobscot bay.
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fishing vessels and ferries
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pass by the granite ledge all year long.
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and in july the breakwater becomes the site
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of the annual maine windjammer parade
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featuring a display of turn-of-the-century cargo ships.
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set off against a backdrop of colorful fall leaves,
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the busy fishing port of rockland is known to visitors
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as the place to catch ferries
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to the splendid islands of the bay.
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southwest of rockland, in the village of cushing,
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is a site made famous by painter andrew wyeth.
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here, a stark, weather-beaten farmhouse
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overlooks a river and in the distance, the sea.
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in the 1940s, the olson family, who owned the house,
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offered a young andrew wyeth a room
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in the hope that no more ships will founder on the rocks below.
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once he had established a home.
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the angel gabriel,
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was smashed to pieces in a storm here.
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and although bailey survived,
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his wife was afraid to follow him.
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they never saw each other again.
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pemaquid point light was built on the mainland in 1827.
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from its ledge-top tower the light shines
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14 nautical miles out to sea,
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over time, topsoil made a cap over the desert
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one of the most idyllic railways in the country,
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the maine eastern, crosses the sheepscot river
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to reach a perfectly preserved maine village: wiscasset.
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at the start of the 19th century,
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this was the busiest port in the state.
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some say that there were so many ships anchored off wiscasset,
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you could cross the harbor, stepping deck to deck.
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the town proudly calls itself "maine's prettiest village"
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and from the air, with its historic houses
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and the city of bangor, located on the penobscot river,
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the lines, "ships that pass in the night,"
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and "footprints on the sands of time,"
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but are now so well-known were originally longfellow's,
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of the american lexicon. they're simply part
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just its writers and poets, maine's wealth is not
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but also its wilderness.
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in the 17th century, it was england's demand for lumber
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that drove the settlement of maine.
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through the 18th century, lumber barons grew rich
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of oak, pine and spruce. on the state's fabled forests
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most loved 19th century poet. went on to become america's
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played a major role in the timber trade.
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at the entrance of bangor stands evidence
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of just how serious this town is about its lumber.
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a 31-foot tall statue
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of the mythical lumberjack paul bunyan.
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until the 1870s, bangor was the lumber capital of the world
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with a billion feet of timber
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shipped from its docks down the penobscot river.
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by the 20th century, the lumber trade had moved west
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woman who wrote the book he said, "so you're the little
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for three years stowe lived here in this brunswick house.
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but it was earlier, in cincinnati,
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that she met escaped slaves from the bordering state of kentucky
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and learned of their appalling treatment.
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was published in 1852 uncle tom's cabin
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and went on to become the best selling novel
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of the 19th century,
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and the second best selling book following the bible.
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president abraham lincoln it's claimed that when
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met stowe during the civil war,
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were over. and bangor's glory days
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that made this great war."
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at nearby bowdoin college stowe's husband taught
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that she often wrote and it's campus lore
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in his study in appleton hall.
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the small but prestigious college dates from 1794,
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and its literary tradition had started as early as the 1820s
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when writers nathaniel hawthorne and henry wadsworth longfellow
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were classmates here.
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longfellow, a true son of maine,
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while this fort knox doesn't hold america's gold,
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and requires a ride in the fastest elevator
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in maine to get there.
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from 420 feet in the air, the views
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of the penobscot narrows bridge
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and the surrounding countryside are breathtaking.
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so too is the symmetry of one of
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preserved forts. the nation's best
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named after henry knox,
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of war, and finished in 1844, america's first secretary
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it was the first fort in maine to be built of granite.
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observatory in the world it's the tallest public bridge
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it looks like it would be safe here.
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to reveal blueberry farms, maine's great forests part
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lakes and rivers that make this break in the trees
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seem very out of place.
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the desert of maine.
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its very strange story begins more than 10,000 years ago
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when the glaciers of the last ice age
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ground soil and rocks into a layer of desert-like sand
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some 80 feet deep.
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penned by the grand master of the macabre, stephen king.
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on wholesale and retail trade. today bangor's economy is based
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it's once again a thriving city
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and the commercial and cultural center of eastern maine.
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the city is also home
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to one of the most prolific authors in the world,
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credited with almost as many movies as books.
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"once upon a time, not so long ago,
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a monster came to the small town of castle rock, maine."
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cujo,
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as a part-time studio.
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maine born and raised,
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king now makes his home in an old lumber baron's mansion.
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his best selling horror stories the mist
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often feature real maine towns
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and fictional ones like castle rock as a backdrop.
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dark sense of humor, in keeping with king's
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his home is protected by a gate adorned with bats and spiders.
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just south of bangor, it's the dizzying heights
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of penobscot narrows bridge that can frighten visitors.
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used by early steamship sailors to describe the crews
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this is the highest point along the north atlantic coast,
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and is said to be the first place in the united states
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rays each day. to receive the sun's
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but exploring acadia national park from the sea
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can be even more exciting.
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sails from bar harbor several times a day.
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she was built in 1998 in the style
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of a traditional cargo schooner.
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but these boats are now known locally as windjammers.
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some say the name windjammers was the derogatory term
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climbing over 1,500 feet.
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of old fashioned wind-powered cargo ships.
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in 1935, artist frank swift
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began buying up these old masted vessels.
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he refit them for passengers,
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and opened the first business of its kind.
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thus began the first fleet of windjammers
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for sailing in america.
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since then, thousands have enjoyed the thrill
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of sailing a tall ship out to sea.
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the wilderness started to disappear.
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centuries later, acadia became the summer home
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of the robber barons of the gilded age:
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the rockefellers, morgans and vanderbilts.
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they were drawn by the paintings
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of thomas cole and frederic church,
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awe-inspiring wilderness. who captured the island's
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j.p. morgan moored his yacht in the harbor
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and other wealthy residents entertained guests
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in lavish houses by the sea.
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but as more and more people inhabited the area,
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just come for its tall ships. but maine's visitors don't
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realizing that america's wild lands wouldn't last forever,
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a group of philanthropists stepped in.
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in 1901 the rockefellers and others
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began buying huge tracts of forests for public use.
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and in 1919 they convinced washington to declare the area
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the first national park east of the mississippi.
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is far less exclusive, today desert island's bar harbor
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but it remains a beautiful seaside town.
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high above the harbor stands cadillac mountain,
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at night its light draws weary mainers home from the sea
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on the spread of diseases from farms like these.
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but these fishermen argue that they are just following
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in the path of generations of mainers,
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harvesting the fruits of the sea.
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despite its name, the west quoddy head lighthouse
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stands at the easternmost tip of the united states.
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it is one of only two lights in the nation
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to have distinctive red and white stripes,
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a feature that was common to canadian lighthouses,
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helping them stand out against the snow.
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and some of the blame is placed
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to a state of stunning natural beauty.
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is a journey across the state
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of poets, painters and presidents.
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state of windswept isles it's the "down east"
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and great pine forests.
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the place where dawn first breaks on the nation
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and harbor lights guide sailors after the sun sets.
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ships find welcome harbor finally, at journey's end,
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on the "maine" land--maine.
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on the far north coast,
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the state is famous for its lobsters,
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and at one time they were so plentiful
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they were considered pauper's food.
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servants in the 18th century it's said that indentured
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lobbied to be fed lobster no more than twice a week.
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have to catch the creatures maine's lobstermen still
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just as they have for a hundred years,
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one trap at a time.
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but fishermen here don't just catch lobsters.
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i name it island of desert mountains."
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strange patterns can be seen floating on the water.
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they are a recent phenomenon,
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and the focus of a bitter dispute
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between fishermen and environmentalists.
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at cobscook bay, young atlantic salmon
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leap in their circular pens.
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millions are raised in this bay alone
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appetite for fish. to feed america's growing
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sadly, wild salmon are in drastic decline,
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recited her award-winning poem, renascence.
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at the edge of a sheltered harbor.
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the town that began as a fishing village
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is still a place where people make their living from the sea,
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not from fishing but from tourists
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eager to explore the oceanside.
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today the harbor buzzes with pleasure craft
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and the homes of 19th century sea captains
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have become luxury hotels.
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it was in one of those hotels, the whitehall inn,
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that the young edna st. vincent millay
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the town of camden lies nestled amid gently sloping mountains
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eleven years later, millay became the first woman
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to win a pulitzer prize for poetry.
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today 6,5000 acres of the camden hills,
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are preserved as a state park. which inspired millay's poetry,
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describes both the landscape
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and a state of mind.
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"all i could see from where i stood,
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was three long mountains and a wood,
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i turned and looked another way, and saw three islands in a bay.
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that is both beautiful and symbolic.
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wyeth depicted the olson house
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in his haunting painting christina's world.
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in the painting a young girl, disabled with polio,
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crawls up the hill towards her house.
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works of american art, it's one of the best-known
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now exhibited in new york's moma.
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from the time he made his first drawings of maine's islands
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at age ten until his death in 2009,
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wyeth captured a vision of rural maine
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so with my eyes i traced the line
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of the olson house, wyeth said,
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from there, it was maine." "i just couldn't stay away
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further up the coast to the north lies rockport,
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an artists' colony with one of
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the loveliest harbors in the state.
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unspoiled by overdevelopment, its narrow harbor
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serves both the working lobster boats
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and classic wooden sailing ships.
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rounding the peninsula north from rockport,
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east of penobscot bay, is simply a sailor's paradise.
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against the colonial forces.
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of a local ballfield. today it's the site
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in an ill-fated mission called the penobscot expedition,
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americans tried but failed to retake castine.
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after the british navy set their ships ablaze,
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revolutionary troops were forced to flee
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overland back to boston.
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it was the greatest american naval disaster
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until pearl harbor.
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the "down east coast," as mainers call everything
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building fort george as a defense
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sailing along the coast on a fair wind from castine,
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vessels arrive at one of the greatest treasures
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00:39:02,790 --> 00:39:07,060
of the united states: acadia national park.
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the park includes mount desert island,
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the largest island in maine.
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the name comes from french explorer samuel de champlain
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who landed on the island in 1604.
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he wrote in his journal,
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"the mountain summits are all bare and rocky.
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mount battie offers stunning views of camden
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of the horizon, thin and fine,
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straight around till i was come
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back to where i'd started from;
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and all i saw from where i stood
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was three long mountains and a wood."
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the poem, which became the title of millay's first book,
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is still a favorite of those who choose to wander here
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among the hills and woods of maine.
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climb than wander, for those who'd rather
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that attacked the cruelty of slavery.
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and the islands of penobscot bay.
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northeast of camden is a small peninsula that holds castine.
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its tranquil image belies a colorful past.
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in the 17th century it was fought over
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by the english, french and dutch.
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it takes its name from baron de st. castin,
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a young frenchman who married a native penobscot princess
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and became an abenaki chief.
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the british took castine during the american revolution,
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he later restyled the house himself using only hand tools,
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just before we reach the maine town
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the world: kennebunkport. that's best known around
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here, strewn across the city center are
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the 18th and 19th century homes of the country's early elite
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who made their fortunes from the wealth of the oceans.
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one of most unique homes in town
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is known as the wedding cake house.
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in 1825, a prominent shipbuilder named george washington bourne
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bought a federal style brick house for his new bride.
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but inspired by the design of a gothic cathedral in milan,
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the gold chain of beaches end and normal ruggedness begins.
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completing the work just before his death in 1856.
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photographed buildings in maine. today, it's one of the most
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kennebunk beach is still a modest community.
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00:09:02,890 --> 00:09:05,960
but it was here on cape arundel in 1903
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that the wealthy walker family
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chose to build their beachfront mansion.
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00:09:11,270 --> 00:09:15,640
of the two bush presidents. that's the "w" in the names
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their seaside estate is known as walker's point.
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world leaders have passed the guard post here,
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today, part of it is called the rachel carson wildlife refuge,
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rugged natural beauty but it's still maine's
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that draws most visitors today.
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and it's taken the work
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of extraordinary people to protect it.
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11,000 years ago,
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native americans thrived in this region,
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using the coastal rivers
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for fresh water, transport and an abundant source of food.
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while their original settlements have long gone,
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their ancient land remains.
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welcomed by two bush presidents.
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after one of the 20th century's
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greatest environmentalists and writers.
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silent spring, carson's groundbreaking book,
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brought environmental concerns to an unprecedented portion
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of the american public,
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and led to change in the country's use of pesticides.
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today, the marshes and estuaries of the reserve
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are not only a refuge for wildlife but humans, too.
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further north along the coast,
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the courageous fishermen and lobstermen who work these waters
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here, on monhegan island, those views
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00:10:58,510 --> 00:11:02,140
inspired painters jamie wyeth and edward hopper,
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00:11:02,180 --> 00:11:06,950
who were attracted by its rugged beauty and remote location.
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barely one square mile in area,
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monhegan is accessible only by boat,
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and there are no paved roads.
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the year-round population is tiny--just 65.
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is still ruled, today the island's economy
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as it has been for centuries,
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by those who make their living from the sea--
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who looked back to the "maine" land.
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through the harsh maine winter.
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while the scenery is spectacular,
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the waters around monhegan are treacherous.
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countless ships have gone down here,
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some of them still visible.
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approaching portland, a great beacon calls out
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to homebound sailors, just as it has for centuries.
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even today the rocky shores of portland
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are not easily navigated.
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images of the timeless struggle of men and women
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margaret thatcher, mikhail gorbachev,
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and vladimir putin have all signed the guest book.
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while the maine coastline is a good place
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00:09:45,500 --> 00:09:50,910
for politicians to unwind, it's even better for artists.
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00:09:53,080 --> 00:09:57,080
at prouts neck, among the modern vacation homes of the wealthy,
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00:09:57,110 --> 00:09:59,320
is the former studio of one of america's
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00:09:59,350 --> 00:10:04,250
greatest landscape painters, winslow homer.
403
00:10:10,790 --> 00:10:12,430
here, just a few feet from the ocean,
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00:10:12,460 --> 00:10:15,160
he painted his monumental seascapes,
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00:06:07,220 --> 00:06:10,350
to protect its dunes and wildlife.
406
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against the power of the sea.
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00:10:24,810 --> 00:10:27,040
the turbulent seas he famously depicted
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00:10:27,080 --> 00:10:30,110
are deceptively calm on this day.
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00:10:30,150 --> 00:10:33,320
but the boatmen he captured wrestling with the elements
410
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were mainers.
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00:10:37,990 --> 00:10:40,320
ten miles out, an island rises
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out of the sea. like a whale's hump
413
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its name from the settlers it's thought the state took
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on the more than 400 offshore islands along the coast
415
00:02:32,470 --> 00:02:36,170
but many consider him to be the father of the state.
416
00:01:52,160 --> 00:01:56,330
in the early 1600s, the area was known as agamenticus,
417
00:01:56,430 --> 00:02:01,870
the native american wabanaki word for the york river.
418
00:02:01,900 --> 00:02:04,240
york was founded by a wealthy englishman
419
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with the unlikely name of sir ferdinando gorges.
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he'd been awarded a land grant
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and permission to start a new colony in maine.
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for 40 years, gorges financed and masterminded
423
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expedition after expedition from england,
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00:02:21,060 --> 00:02:27,300
spending his fortune to realize his dream of colonizing maine.
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00:02:27,330 --> 00:02:32,440
gorges never actually set foot here and died a destitute man.
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00:01:47,960 --> 00:01:52,130
locals refer to them simply as "the yorks."
427
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york claims to be the oldest settlement in maine,
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00:02:44,350 --> 00:02:46,220
and despite many early attacks on the village
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00:02:46,350 --> 00:02:50,490
by native americans, the village survived.
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00:02:50,520 --> 00:02:56,990
amazingly today many buildings from colonial days still stand.
431
00:02:57,030 --> 00:03:00,230
one of the most cherished is sayward-wheeler house,
432
00:03:00,260 --> 00:03:04,400
a proud clapboard building from 1718.
433
00:03:04,430 --> 00:03:07,140
jonathan sayward was a wealthy shipping merchant
434
00:03:07,170 --> 00:03:10,140
and many of his descendants lived and died here,
435
00:03:10,170 --> 00:03:12,740
right up to the 20th century.
436
00:00:33,750 --> 00:00:35,720
and fields of fire...
437
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the easternmost state.
438
00:00:07,060 --> 00:00:10,690
where dawn first breaks on the united states,
439
00:00:10,730 --> 00:00:13,200
over land rising from the sea.
440
00:00:13,230 --> 00:00:18,000
america really began. it's here where
441
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long before the pilgrims,
442
00:00:19,970 --> 00:00:23,840
european explorers charted these waters.
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00:00:23,870 --> 00:00:26,910
a land shared by sailors, poets,
444
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painters and presidents...
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home to a grand master of the macabre,
446
00:03:27,790 --> 00:03:32,160
but maine really begins here, offshore.
447
00:00:38,120 --> 00:00:41,390
where "down east" means heading north,
448
00:00:41,490 --> 00:00:46,200
and the north woods cover 3.5 million acres.
449
00:00:46,230 --> 00:00:50,070
is a journey across distant isles,
450
00:00:50,100 --> 00:00:53,300
down rugged shores, and into the great wilderness
451
00:00:53,370 --> 00:00:58,610
seafarers once called the mainland, maine.
452
00:01:32,240 --> 00:01:37,180
towns is also one of its oldest. one of maine's southernmost
453
00:01:37,210 --> 00:01:40,050
york lies on the york river,
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00:01:40,080 --> 00:01:44,290
and includes the villages of york harbor and york beach.
455
00:01:44,320 --> 00:01:47,860
in fact, there are so many villages called york here,
456
00:05:35,550 --> 00:05:39,620
are drawn to its coast-- and with good reason.
457
00:04:52,010 --> 00:04:56,850
and red light have guided seafarers since 1879.
458
00:04:59,920 --> 00:05:02,120
locals know it as "the nubble light,"
459
00:05:02,150 --> 00:05:05,220
named for the lump of rock it's perched on.
460
00:05:08,990 --> 00:05:11,990
many might be surprised to learn that the cape neddick light,
461
00:05:12,030 --> 00:05:15,030
the great wall of china, and india's taj mahal
462
00:05:15,060 --> 00:05:17,600
have something in common:
463
00:05:17,630 --> 00:05:22,070
the voyager spacecraft carried images of all three into space
464
00:05:22,100 --> 00:05:23,940
as examples of some of the earth's
465
00:05:23,970 --> 00:05:27,810
most impressive manmade structures.
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00:05:32,150 --> 00:05:35,520
on a brilliant fall day, mainers and vacationers alike
467
00:04:47,670 --> 00:04:51,940
although modernized now, its original 3,000-pound fog bell
468
00:05:39,660 --> 00:05:43,190
a short walk along the cliffs leads to an unusual sighting
469
00:05:43,260 --> 00:05:44,990
in this rocky state:
470
00:05:45,090 --> 00:05:48,730
miles and miles of sandy beach.
471
00:05:52,070 --> 00:05:54,240
the beach is actually a long sandbar
472
00:05:54,340 --> 00:05:59,640
split off from the mainland by the ogunquit river.
473
00:05:59,680 --> 00:06:02,080
the halloween storm of 1991,
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00:06:02,110 --> 00:06:04,250
better known as "the perfect storm,"
475
00:06:04,350 --> 00:06:05,920
damaged much of the beach,
476
00:06:05,950 --> 00:06:07,120
but efforts are under way
477
00:04:11,530 --> 00:04:14,970
but this tower is evidence of the island's revival
478
00:03:34,560 --> 00:03:38,440
the isles of shoals lie on its southernmost border.
479
00:03:38,470 --> 00:03:42,910
maine is the only state to have just one state as a neighbor.
480
00:03:42,940 --> 00:03:45,810
and here, a simple causeway is all that divides
481
00:03:45,840 --> 00:03:52,750
star island, new hampshire, from smuttynose island, maine.
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00:03:52,780 --> 00:03:54,950
appledore island, on the maine side,
483
00:03:54,980 --> 00:03:58,150
used to be a haunt of artists and free spirits,
484
00:03:58,190 --> 00:04:02,260
thanks to a welcoming poet and hotelkeeper named celia thaxter.
485
00:04:04,460 --> 00:04:07,900
her hotel burned down in the early 1900s,
486
00:04:07,930 --> 00:04:11,500
seemed to be over. and the island's heyday
487
00:12:22,890 --> 00:12:25,130
but after a number of tragic shipwrecks,
488
00:04:15,000 --> 00:04:17,910
as a scientific research station.
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00:04:25,310 --> 00:04:27,620
despite the many islands and rocky dangers
490
00:04:27,650 --> 00:04:29,090
of the maine coast,
491
00:04:29,120 --> 00:04:31,120
it was more than 250 years
492
00:04:31,150 --> 00:04:36,090
after the colonists arrived that the first lighthouse was built.
493
00:04:36,190 --> 00:04:39,760
clapboard houses were built easily from the abundant trees,
494
00:04:39,800 --> 00:04:41,130
but the cape neddick light
495
00:04:41,160 --> 00:04:43,570
was constructed of brick and clad in cast iron
496
00:04:43,600 --> 00:04:47,640
to weather the worst winters of the north atlantic.
497
00:20:02,280 --> 00:20:05,350
and the leaves turn a vivid shade of red,
498
00:19:25,350 --> 00:19:28,650
of the appalachian trail, a national scenic path
499
00:19:28,680 --> 00:19:31,250
that follows the spine of the appalachian mountains
500
00:19:31,290 --> 00:19:33,890
all the way to georgia.
501
00:19:38,030 --> 00:19:40,130
carpet of forests, alongside maine's
502
00:19:40,230 --> 00:19:43,000
another dramatic landscape appears:
503
00:19:43,100 --> 00:19:45,170
the blueberry fields.
504
00:19:48,170 --> 00:19:53,310
maine is the largest producer of wild blueberries in the world.
505
00:19:53,340 --> 00:19:58,450
its fields cover 60,000 acres of land.
506
00:19:58,480 --> 00:19:59,850
by autumn the blueberries
507
00:19:59,880 --> 00:20:02,250
have already been plucked from the bushes
508
00:19:23,050 --> 00:19:25,210
mount katahdin is also the northern end
509
00:20:05,450 --> 00:20:07,260
the color of flame.
510
00:20:12,130 --> 00:20:16,930
in the distance, great clouds of smoke reveal a real fire.
511
00:20:16,970 --> 00:20:20,000
in a technique first used by native americans,
512
00:20:20,040 --> 00:20:23,770
the bushes are cut back every two years and then burned,
513
00:20:23,810 --> 00:20:26,270
in order to stimulate new growth.
514
00:20:30,250 --> 00:20:32,850
the fire and smoke increase berry yields
515
00:20:32,880 --> 00:20:34,480
and kill insects and diseases
516
00:20:34,520 --> 00:20:37,420
in a traditional, organic way.
517
00:20:42,360 --> 00:20:45,630
inland maine is a land tied to the great rivers
518
00:18:27,890 --> 00:18:32,190
over 4 billion dollars to the state's economy.
519
00:17:50,790 --> 00:17:51,920
black bears and moose
520
00:17:51,950 --> 00:17:55,320
cross the ancient lands of the wabanaki.
521
00:18:03,200 --> 00:18:08,900
are privately owned. today, 95% of maine's forests
522
00:18:08,940 --> 00:18:12,610
in the 1990s, a group of high profile conservationists
523
00:18:12,640 --> 00:18:14,380
lobbied to preserve 3 million acres
524
00:18:14,480 --> 00:18:17,110
of the north woods as a national park--
525
00:18:17,150 --> 00:18:20,050
but the effort has stalled.
526
00:18:20,080 --> 00:18:22,890
with more than 90% of the state covered with trees
527
00:18:22,920 --> 00:18:25,750
and 39 commercial tree species,
528
00:18:25,790 --> 00:18:27,860
industry contributes maine's forest products
529
00:20:45,660 --> 00:20:47,800
that make their way to the sea,
530
00:18:32,230 --> 00:18:34,800
and mountains are too low many of the state's hills
531
00:18:34,830 --> 00:18:38,830
to break clear of the tree line--but not this one.
532
00:18:46,170 --> 00:18:49,610
at over 5,000 feet, mount katahdin's peaks
533
00:18:49,710 --> 00:18:52,350
are the highest in maine.
534
00:18:52,450 --> 00:18:55,920
its name comes from the penobscot indians
535
00:18:55,950 --> 00:18:59,350
and means "the greatest mountain."
536
00:18:59,390 --> 00:19:02,930
thanks to being the centerpiece of baxter state park,
537
00:19:02,960 --> 00:19:05,090
we can see the mountain much as it was
538
00:19:05,130 --> 00:19:09,100
when thoreau scaled it in 1846.
539
00:22:38,110 --> 00:22:40,080
is preparing for launch,
540
00:22:09,010 --> 00:22:11,550
bath iron works has supplied the u.s. navy
541
00:22:11,580 --> 00:22:15,180
with some of the toughest ships in its long history.
542
00:22:15,280 --> 00:22:16,890
during world war ii,
543
00:22:16,920 --> 00:22:22,020
one out of four american destroyers was "bath-built."
544
00:22:22,060 --> 00:22:23,230
at the height of the war effort,
545
00:22:23,260 --> 00:22:25,960
women went to work at the shipyard,
546
00:22:25,990 --> 00:22:27,060
and the iron works produced
547
00:22:27,100 --> 00:22:31,870
a new destroyer every three weeks.
548
00:22:31,900 --> 00:22:35,040
these days, it's a slower process.
549
00:22:35,070 --> 00:22:38,070
here, the destroyer u.s.s. wayne e. meyer
550
00:21:57,070 --> 00:22:01,000
human industry returns in a big way.
551
00:22:40,110 --> 00:22:44,150
while a sister ship is taking shape.
552
00:22:44,180 --> 00:22:47,780
ships from here have seen action off the coasts of france,
553
00:22:47,820 --> 00:22:51,450
the philippines and vietnam.
554
00:22:51,490 --> 00:22:55,320
from the peaceful waters of maine to any theater of war,
555
00:22:55,360 --> 00:23:00,300
crews came to respect and rely on bath-built ships.
556
00:23:00,330 --> 00:23:02,630
have gone to war, while bath's ships
557
00:23:02,660 --> 00:23:07,700
a few miles west a famous writer was said to have started one.
558
00:23:09,910 --> 00:23:12,880
here in brunswick, harriet beecher stowe wrote
559
00:23:12,910 --> 00:23:15,880
the landmark book uncle tom's cabin,
560
00:21:17,460 --> 00:21:19,960
the capitol at augusta.
561
00:20:47,830 --> 00:20:50,700
and the kennebec is no exception.
562
00:20:53,170 --> 00:20:54,870
follow the kennebec river south
563
00:20:54,900 --> 00:20:56,940
from its source at moosehead lake
564
00:20:56,970 --> 00:20:59,480
a bustling waterway, and you'll find
565
00:20:59,510 --> 00:21:01,210
bordered with towns and cities,
566
00:21:01,280 --> 00:21:06,450
stretching all the way to merrymeeting bay.
567
00:21:06,480 --> 00:21:11,050
one town on the kennebec holds statewide importance.
568
00:21:11,090 --> 00:21:14,990
once home to the abenaki people, it now boasts what some call
569
00:21:15,020 --> 00:21:17,330
the finest building in the state--
570
00:17:46,450 --> 00:17:50,720
under a canopy of maples, firs and white pine,
571
00:21:23,270 --> 00:21:25,670
designed by architect charles bulfinch
572
00:21:25,700 --> 00:21:28,070
and built from granite quarried nearby,
573
00:21:28,100 --> 00:21:34,480
augusta has been the state capital since 1827.
574
00:21:34,510 --> 00:21:38,180
by the mid 19th century, augusta was a thriving port town
575
00:21:38,210 --> 00:21:42,550
with river traffic running to and from boston.
576
00:21:42,580 --> 00:21:48,920
but today, most travel to this capital city is by interstate.
577
00:21:48,960 --> 00:21:50,360
and the kennebec river has been left
578
00:21:50,390 --> 00:21:55,100
to wend its way to the sea on its own.
579
00:21:55,130 --> 00:21:57,030
but where this river meets the sea,
580
00:14:20,580 --> 00:14:22,510
of henry wadsworth longfellow
581
00:13:32,630 --> 00:13:34,430
but fort scammel was the only one
582
00:13:34,460 --> 00:13:35,970
to fire a shot in battle
583
00:13:36,000 --> 00:13:39,700
against a british privateer in 1813.
584
00:13:48,040 --> 00:13:51,050
in a state with only 1.3 million people,
585
00:13:51,080 --> 00:13:56,150
make it a metropolis. portland's 64,000 citizens
586
00:14:01,990 --> 00:14:05,630
in the 19th century, when trade in portland was booming,
587
00:14:05,660 --> 00:14:10,300
opened their doors here. some of the state's oldest banks
588
00:14:10,330 --> 00:14:13,370
and if you know who penned the lines, "listen my children
589
00:14:13,400 --> 00:14:17,940
and you shall hear of the midnight ride of paul revere,"
590
00:14:18,040 --> 00:14:20,480
take note that the childhood home
591
00:13:30,060 --> 00:13:32,600
and their supplies of ammunition.
592
00:14:22,540 --> 00:14:26,850
is tucked in between modern office buildings.
593
00:14:26,880 --> 00:14:29,080
other former residents many of portland's
594
00:14:29,120 --> 00:14:32,820
ended up with some of the prettiest plots in town.
595
00:14:32,860 --> 00:14:36,930
65,000 people are buried in evergreen cemetery,
596
00:14:36,990 --> 00:14:38,430
one of the largest publicly owned
597
00:14:38,460 --> 00:14:40,860
spaces in the city.
598
00:14:40,900 --> 00:14:43,600
and while many famous mainers have been buried here,
599
00:14:43,630 --> 00:14:48,170
the story of one, the 19th century mayor neal dow,
600
00:14:48,200 --> 00:14:50,410
is infamous.
601
00:12:54,120 --> 00:12:56,660
in maine's biggest town.
602
00:12:25,160 --> 00:12:28,000
the portland head light, maine's first lighthouse,
603
00:12:28,030 --> 00:12:31,070
was built at the order of george washington.
604
00:12:33,440 --> 00:12:36,040
today the old tower still stands.
605
00:12:36,070 --> 00:12:39,010
but much has changed since 16 whale oil lamps
606
00:12:39,070 --> 00:12:42,310
lit the lighthouse in 1791.
607
00:12:42,340 --> 00:12:44,510
now an airport-style electric beacon
608
00:12:44,610 --> 00:12:49,050
rises 100 feet above the water.
609
00:12:49,080 --> 00:12:51,990
the light is visible from 16 miles away,
610
00:12:52,020 --> 00:12:54,090
welcoming mariners to safe harbor
611
00:14:50,440 --> 00:14:52,910
[jazz music playing]
612
00:13:02,970 --> 00:13:05,970
situated in casco bay, portland was once considered
613
00:13:06,070 --> 00:13:08,800
strategically important by the u.s. military
614
00:13:08,840 --> 00:13:10,540
because of its proximity to europe
615
00:13:10,570 --> 00:13:13,980
compared to other eastern ports.
616
00:13:14,010 --> 00:13:17,050
the granite-walled fort scammel on house island
617
00:13:17,080 --> 00:13:19,880
and fort gorges on hog island ledge
618
00:13:19,980 --> 00:13:22,750
were originally built in the bay in the 1800s
619
00:13:22,790 --> 00:13:27,360
to protect against enemy attack.
620
00:13:27,390 --> 00:13:30,030
mounds of sand were used to insulate the forts
621
00:16:56,200 --> 00:16:59,030
this was the earth of which we have heard,
622
00:15:59,980 --> 00:16:04,250
still bustles with vessels, big and small.
623
00:16:11,350 --> 00:16:15,290
but maine is far more than just a seacoast.
624
00:16:18,960 --> 00:16:22,030
half of new england, the state's landmass takes up
625
00:16:22,060 --> 00:16:26,000
most of it remote and unspoiled.
626
00:16:26,030 --> 00:16:29,000
endless forests, among the pines of maine's
627
00:16:29,100 --> 00:16:32,240
one is struck by its majesty.
628
00:16:44,120 --> 00:16:45,990
one explorer of the region
629
00:16:46,020 --> 00:16:50,990
was the great 19th century thinker, henry david thoreau.
630
00:16:51,030 --> 00:16:53,060
of his visit here he wrote,
631
00:16:53,100 --> 00:16:56,170
"i looked with awe at the ground i trod on,
632
00:15:55,540 --> 00:15:59,940
today, the harbor that drew english settlers in 1632
633
00:16:59,070 --> 00:17:03,970
made out of chaos and old night,"
634
00:17:04,010 --> 00:17:08,380
words that lead to his the maine woods.
635
00:17:13,980 --> 00:17:16,850
here at moosehead lake, maine's largest,
636
00:17:16,950 --> 00:17:19,320
thoreau writes of hiring a penobscot indian guide
637
00:17:19,350 --> 00:17:22,620
to help him cross the lake in a birch bark canoe,
638
00:17:22,660 --> 00:17:27,260
or what thoreau described as "a little eggshell of a boat."
639
00:17:29,770 --> 00:17:33,000
the lake stretches as far as the eye can see
640
00:17:33,070 --> 00:17:38,310
until it disappears into a great dark, green forest.
641
00:17:40,940 --> 00:17:46,350
these are the 3.5 million acres of maine's famous north woods.
642
00:15:18,970 --> 00:15:21,840
"rum breaks" during the day.
643
00:14:53,010 --> 00:14:55,440
known as the father of the prohibition,
644
00:14:55,480 --> 00:14:57,980
he managed to ban alcohol from the state,
645
00:14:58,010 --> 00:15:00,950
and in 1880 made a run at the white house
646
00:15:01,020 --> 00:15:02,920
on a prohibition ticket.
647
00:15:03,020 --> 00:15:06,020
he received just 10,000 votes.
648
00:15:07,960 --> 00:15:09,990
but prohibition was unpopular
649
00:15:10,030 --> 00:15:13,960
working class. with much of portland's
650
00:15:14,000 --> 00:15:17,200
after all, portland was a rum producer,
651
00:15:17,230 --> 00:15:18,930
were even allowed and the city's workers
652
00:00:03,020 --> 00:00:04,320
maine.
653
00:15:24,610 --> 00:15:28,080
there were riots in portland when the mayor got his way,
654
00:15:28,110 --> 00:15:29,710
but chances are a few of the people
655
00:15:29,750 --> 00:15:35,920
who are buried here beside him succumbed to his "demon rum."
656
00:15:40,060 --> 00:15:42,060
at its heart, the city that thrived
657
00:15:42,090 --> 00:15:44,860
on fishing and shipping in the 1800s
658
00:15:44,890 --> 00:15:47,100
is still a harbor town.
659
00:15:47,200 --> 00:15:50,170
set on a peninsula reaching into casco bay,
660
00:15:50,200 --> 00:15:53,270
portland remains as longfellow described it,
661
00:15:53,300 --> 00:15:55,500
"the city by the sea."
53541
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